CN110615817A - 一种二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的制备及其在水体处理中的应用 - Google Patents
一种二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的制备及其在水体处理中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种二茂铁基金属有机框架的制备及其在水处理中的应用。本发明由乙酸锆(Zr(OAc)4)和1,1’‑二茂铁二甲酸(Fc)作为金属节点与配体,在乙酸为调节剂的条件下以溶剂热法合成制备;通过将乙酸锆与有机配体Fc在溶剂中溶解,加入一元酸调节剂,于120℃下密闭反应9小时,反应完成后,经冷却、洗涤、干燥得到本发明的材料。本发明的多孔金属有机框架在作为一种高效吸附剂应用于水体中有机染料‑刚果红的吸附处理中,最大吸附容量可以达到249.2mg/g,并且在重复三次循环后能保持最大吸附容量50%的吸附值,表明具有很高的吸附效能和实际应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明专利属于非均相吸附材料技术领域,具体涉及一种二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的制备及其在水体处理中的应用。
背景技术
随着现代工业的迅速发展,由于某些工厂污染物的违规排放,水污染已经成为一个严重的问题。在所有这些污染物中,去除水溶性染料是极具挑战性的,因为它们即使在非常微量的情况下也具有相当高的毒性。刚果红是一种人造偶氮苯染料,广泛应用于皮革、制造和食品工业。由于刚果红在水中具有很好的溶解性和稳定性,在生产和染色过程中,大量含刚果红的废水可能会排入河流或湖泊中,因此水体中有毒染料的处理对我们的健康和环境保护具有重要意义。到目前为止,已经开发了几种从水中去除刚果红的方法,例如光降解,过滤, Fenton氧化和吸附等。在这些中,使用多孔材料如活性炭等吸附剂已被公认为低成本和易于操作的理想方法。但传统吸附剂仍存在一些不可避免的缺点,如水性环境分散不均匀,吸附能力低,吸附耗时长,重复使用性不理想等,因此当下对稳定高效的吸附剂仍有很大需求。
近年来,具有规则空间结构,超高表面积和易修饰配体的金属有机框架 (MOF)引起了人们的广泛关注。鉴于其固有的微中孔和可调的有机配体与各种杂化原子如氧,氮或硫,它们可能对染料分子具有特定的亲和力。然而,由于金属有机框架内部的通道或空腔可能对于染料分子的扩散而言较为狭窄,特别是具有较大分子尺寸的污染物,而二维金属有机框架纳米片被认为对吸附更有利,因为与其他具有大颗粒或块状形态的金属有机框架相比,二维金属有机框架纳米片具有更大的表面积和更多暴露的活性位点。截至目前,已有少量二维金属有机框架纳米片被报道并应用于水处理。本发明中首次利用乙酸锆和1,1'- 二茂铁二甲酸作为金属节点和配体,通过传统的溶剂热法成功合成了一种新型二茂铁基金属有机框架材料,研究了该二茂铁基金属有机框架材料在水中吸附刚果红的能力,优化了温度和pH等吸附条件。此外,还测试了该二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的可重复使用性,使其在实际水处理中具有很大的价值。
发明内容
为了解决背景技术中的问题,本发明提供了一种二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的制备及其在水体处理中的应用,旨在选用乙酸锆与1,1’-二茂铁二甲酸作为金属节点与有机配体,在乙酸作为调节酸的情况下,以溶解热法制备新型二茂铁基金属有机框架材料,从而实现对水体中有机染料的高效吸附。
本发明具有规整的晶体结构,热稳定性较好,具有较高的比表面积与孔隙率,能有效地通过物理吸附和化学吸附共同吸附水体中的有机染料刚果红,在不同的pH环境中均对刚果红具有较好的吸附容量,并且在三次循环利用之后仍然能保持较高的吸附容量。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一、一种二茂铁基金属有机框架材料
所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料是利用乙酸锆(Zr(OAc)4)作为金属节点、 1,1’-二茂铁二甲酸(Fc)作为有机配体,通过溶剂热法制备合成;二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的单元结构式为[Zr6O8(Fc)2(OAc)4]n,每个不对称单元包含一个锆氧金属簇,两个Fc有机配体及四个[OAc]-。
所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料呈堆叠的纳米片状结构,纳米片的长或宽为500-1000纳米。
所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料为三斜晶系、P-1空间群、体积为晶胞参数α=90.00°、β=90.00°、γ=90.00°。
二、二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的制备方法
包括以下步骤:
(a)将乙酸锆与有机配体Fc溶于溶剂中,加入一元酸作为调节酸,常温超声30分钟;
(b)将步骤(a)超声后的溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯反应罐中,密封后置于电热鼓风干燥箱中,以5℃/min的速率升温至120℃,反应9小时;
(c)反应完成后,冷却至室温,使用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺洗涤三次后,再使用去离子水洗涤两次,冷冻干燥,得到所需的二茂铁基金属有机框架材料。
本发明所述的常温或室温具有本领域公知的含义,具体是指25℃。
所述步骤(a)中乙酸锆、有机配体Fc和一元酸的摩尔比为1:1:50-100。
所述步骤(a)中的一元酸和溶剂分别为乙酸和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,且步骤 (a)中的一元酸与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为1:5-15。
三、二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的应用
所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料在水体处理中吸附有机染料刚果红(CR) 的应用。
应用方法具体为:将二茂铁基金属有机框架材料与有机染料在30℃下分散于水溶液中,加热搅拌10分钟,即可实现对水体中有机染料的吸附。
所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料与有机染料的质量比为1:10-1:1.25。
所述有机染料为刚果红。
本发明的有益效果:
1)本发明能通过常见的溶解热法制备,制备方法简单易行,为水体中有机染料的去除提供了新的选择,拓展了金属有机框架在水体处理方面的应用。
2)本发明在水体中刚果红有机染料的吸附中发挥了较好的作用,最大吸附容量可以达到249.2mg/g,表现出较好的吸附活性。材料对有机染料刚果红的高效吸附可以归结于材料具有纳米片状结构,比表面积较大(82m2/g),且结构中含有未配位饱和的锆金属节点,可以与刚果红分子中富电子的磺酸基团形成配位,实现对其的高效吸附;材料与刚果红有机染料通过静电作用相互吸引实现有效的吸附。
3)本发明的材料稳定性较好,在pH为4-7的水体环境中均可以保持稳定,并且在吸附前后晶体结构保持完好,为循环利用打下良好基础。本发明在三次循环利用之后仍然能保持最大吸附容量50%的吸附值,保持在124.4mg/g。相较于已报道的类似吸附材料仍然具有较大的优势。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做更详尽的说明,但本发明不局限于此,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围之内。本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。
实施例1:
称取350.0mg乙酸锆与170.0mg 1,1’-二茂铁二甲酸于聚四氟乙烯罐中,加入20毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液与1.7毫升冰醋酸溶液,室温下超声分散30 分钟。将含有上述溶液的聚四氟乙烯罐封装于不锈钢反应釜中,置于电热鼓风干燥器中,于120℃下加热9小时。反应结束后,待反应液冷却至室温,将反应液于3000r.p.m下离心30分钟,取离心后棕褐色沉淀,使用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶液洗涤三次,使用去离子水洗涤两次,冷冻干燥5天,即可得二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的棕色干燥粉末。
实施例2:
称取10mg所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料,分散于20毫升pH为4的水溶液中,超声分散30分钟。将上述分散液置于磁力搅拌器中,在50℃,400r.p.m 的转速下搅拌5分钟达到温度平衡。在上述分散液中,加入0.5毫升浓度为 5mg/mL的刚果红母液,继续搅拌。使用注射器分别取样加入刚果红第1、2、3、 4、5、10分钟后的分散液1毫升,分散液使用0.22微米水性过滤头过滤后,使用紫外-可见光分光光度计扫描300-600的波长范围,根据443nm处吸收峰的吸光强度及刚果红标准曲线计算样品中刚果红的浓度,从而计算在吸附进程中二茂铁基金属有机框架材料对刚果红的最大吸附容量为249.2mg/g。
实施例3:
称取10mg二茂铁基金属有机框架材料,分散于20毫升pH为4的水溶液中,超声分散30分钟。将上述分散液置于磁力搅拌器中,在50℃,400r.p.m的转速下搅拌5分钟达到温度平衡。在上述分散液中,加入0.5毫升浓度为5mg/mL 的刚果红母液,继续搅拌30分钟。吸附完成后,将上述分散液在3000r.p.m下离心30分钟,上清液取样测量刚果红浓度;沉淀使用35毫升甲醇溶液洗涤并浸泡1小时,再次离心后使用去离子水洗涤一次,即可应用于下一次吸附。
实验结果表明,本发明材料在经过三次重复利用后,对刚果红的最大吸附容量仍然可以保持在约120mg/g。
Claims (8)
1.一种二茂铁基金属有机框架材料,其特征在于:所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料是利用乙酸锆(Zr(OAc)4)作为金属节点、1,1’-二茂铁二甲酸(Fc)作为有机配体,通过溶剂热法制备合成;二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的单元结构式为[Zr6O8(Fc)2(OAc)4]n。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种二茂铁基金属有机框架材料,其特征在于,所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料呈堆叠的纳米片状结构,纳米片的长或宽为500-1000纳米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的二茂铁基金属有机框架材料,其特征在于:所述二茂铁基金属有机框架材料为三斜晶系、P-1空间群、体积为晶胞参数α=90.00°、β=90.00°、γ=90.00°。
4.基于权利要求1-3任一所述的二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(a)将乙酸锆与有机配体Fc溶于溶剂中,加入一元酸作为调节酸,常温超声30分钟;
(b)将步骤(a)超声后的溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯反应罐中,密封后置于电热鼓风干燥箱中,以5℃/min的速率升温至120℃,反应9小时;
(c)反应完成后,冷却至室温,使用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺洗涤三次后,再使用去离子水洗涤两次,冷冻干燥,得到所需的二茂铁基金属有机框架材料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(a)中乙酸锆、有机配体Fc和一元酸的摩尔比为1:1:50-100。
6.根据权利要4所述的二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(a)中的一元酸和溶剂分别为乙酸和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,且步骤(a)中的一元酸与N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的体积比为1:5-15。
7.采用权利要求1-3任一所述的二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的应用,其特征在于,二茂铁基金属有机框架材料在水体处理中吸附有机染料刚果红的应用。
8.根据权利要求7所述的二茂铁基金属有机框架材料的应用,其特征在于,将二茂铁基金属有机框架材料分散于浓度为50-250ppm、pH值为4的刚果红水溶液中,加热搅拌10分钟,实现水体中刚果红染料的吸附。
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