CN110612855A - Technology for promoting growth of morchella through high-voltage static electricity - Google Patents
Technology for promoting growth of morchella through high-voltage static electricity Download PDFInfo
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- CN110612855A CN110612855A CN201910327579.5A CN201910327579A CN110612855A CN 110612855 A CN110612855 A CN 110612855A CN 201910327579 A CN201910327579 A CN 201910327579A CN 110612855 A CN110612855 A CN 110612855A
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- morchella
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
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Abstract
The research on the growth promotion of morchella in a shed by high-voltage static electricity is carried out for many years, and mainly comprises the influence of the high-voltage static electricity on the formation time of frost, the influence of the high-voltage static electricity on the formation time of morchella mushroom buds, the influence of the high-voltage static electricity on the growth time of morchella sporocarp, the influence of the high-voltage static electricity on the proliferation of morchella callus and the like, and the research shows that the high-voltage static electricity can stimulate the growth of morchella and shorten the formation time of the morchella sporocarp, and under the same condition, the increase of the yield of morchella by 12-15% due to the addition. The process is physical, the current potential difference generated by the electrostatic field under the condition of high voltage can stimulate the proliferation of callus and accelerate the healing of the morchella wound, the quality and nutrition of the morchella are not damaged, the surrounding environment is not influenced, and conditions are created for environment harmony, pesticide reduction and green production of the morchella by avoiding the pesticide.
Description
1. Field of the invention
The invention belongs to the application of high-voltage static electricity in the field of edible mushroom production, and particularly relates to a novel technology for promoting growth of morchella mycelium and fruiting bodies by high-voltage static electricity.
2. Background of the invention
At present, the application of high-voltage static electricity is wider in the field of agricultural production, the research and application of the biological effect of the static electricity are increasingly developed in depth, the biological effect of crops is favored, the method is mainly used for screening crop seeds, growth induction, electrostatic pesticide application and the like, but toadstool and other crops are different, the requirement on the environment in the growth process is harsh, and particularly chemical fertilizers and pesticides are sensitive, so that excessive manual intervention cannot be carried out on the growth of the toadstool and other crops. The initial research on the aspect of electrostatic disease prevention of edible fungi in China is carried out in the end of the 80 s, but no effect is seen.
3. Summary of the invention
3.1 objects of the invention:
morchella is a rare bacterium, has strict requirements on growth environment and management, cannot play a role in promoting growth through excessive human intervention, and can cause failure in any link. The physiological changes of morchella are quite complex, and the artificial cultivation difficulty is very high. In recent years, a flow of morchella planting heat is raised nationwide, but generally, in order to improve the yield, the insecticidal antibacterial drugs are applied at will, the content of cadmium, arsenic and other heavy metals in the produced morchella is far higher than the national standard, and a large amount of pesticide residues are needed for a long time, but the wild morchella is affected by the conditions such as geography, environment, climate and the like, so that the yield is little, and the price is quite high.
3.2 mechanistic analysis
Under natural conditions, the interaction and influence of the atmospheric electric field, the magnetic field and the gravitational field and the change of environmental factors such as the humidity and the temperature of air and soil can cause the transient potential difference between the top and the root of a plant in a growing period and between the root and the soil, so as to drive the movement of soluble ions in the plant. Under the action of an external electrostatic field, the motion is accelerated in the form of electrostatic induction force, larger bioelectric current is formed, and the motion absorption of ions and nutrients is promoted.
The toadstool hypha is influenced by the electric field force in the electrostatic field environment to enhance photosynthesis, and breaks through air to generate NO, NO2 and reacts with water to generate nitrous acid and nitric acid, so that richer nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen and the like are provided for the toadstool, and the growth of the hypha can be accelerated; providing nutritional conditions for ATP synthesis in the growth process of morchella sporophore, accelerating CO2 absorption, water absorption and respiration of morchella, and forming sclerotia in advance; the morchella mycelium is rapidly changed from a vegetative growth stage to a reproductive growth stage and twisted into mushroom buds.
3.3 technical solution
The morchella high-voltage electrostatic device system in the greenhouse comprises a high-voltage electrostatic generator with the range of 0-60kv, an electrostatic protector, an electrostatic control system, a grounding device, a keel brushed with tung oil, a thin steel wire, an insulating hook, a fixing device and the like.
An electrode wire is erected at a position 1.7-1.8 meters away from the ground in a space electric field arranged in the shed, the electrode wire is connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic device, a direct-current high voltage is supplied for 5-60kv, and the bottom of soil in the shed is connected with the negative electrode, so that a positive electrostatic field is formed between the electrode wire and the ground. The mechanism is that a positive high-voltage direct-current power supply is added, and a rear electrode generates corona discharge, namely, the charged particles suspended in the air move directionally under the action of electrostatic force and are rapidly accumulated on the surface of soil serving as a cathode; meanwhile, the charged moisture in the soil tends to move towards the negative electrode, so that the evaporation of the soil moisture is inhibited, and the toadstool hyphae and the growing soil moisture are ensured.
The research on the growth promotion of morchella in a shed by high-voltage static electricity is carried out for many years, and mainly comprises the influence of the high-voltage static electricity on the formation time of frost, the influence of the high-voltage static electricity on the formation time of morchella mushroom buds, the influence of the high-voltage static electricity on the growth time of morchella sporocarp, the influence of the high-voltage static electricity on the proliferation of morchella callus and the like, and the research shows that the high-voltage static electricity can stimulate the growth of morchella and shorten the formation time of the morchella sporocarp, and under the same condition, the increase of the yield of morchella by 12-15% due to the addition. The process is physical, the current potential difference generated by the electrostatic field under the condition of high voltage can stimulate the proliferation of callus and accelerate the healing of the morchella wound, the quality and nutrition of the morchella are not damaged, the surrounding environment is not influenced, and conditions are created for environment harmony, pesticide reduction and green production of the morchella by avoiding the pesticide.
4. Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
4.1 materials
4.1.1 strains
Morchella strains are inoculated in 8 months of 2018, no infection occurs, hypha grows vigorously, and the culture time is 20 days.
4.1.2 seed field
The seeding field is the current warmhouse booth of area 1.5 mu, has good sprinkling irrigation, ventilation facility, and in order to gain experimental data, the control area of selecting is 1.5 mu, and the sprinkling irrigation, ventilation facility is the same with static arrangement place.
4.2 methods
4.2.1 high-voltage electrostatic wiring method
1. Selecting a relatively flat place outside the shed, fixing the high-voltage electrostatic generator by using a bracket, and making a rainproof facility;
2. wiring: selecting a plurality of keels (which are brushed with tung oil and dried) with the width of 4cm and the thickness of 2cm, installing an insulating hook at one end, fixing the other end at a shed frame, cutting the length of the keels according to different positions in the shed, wherein the distance between the keels is 2.5 meters, the ground area of the insulating hook is 1.7-1.8 meters, hanging steel wires with the diameter of 1 mm on the insulating hook according to the east-west direction of the shed, connecting one end of each steel wire to a high-voltage electrostatic device, and grounding the other end of each steel wire to form;
3. connecting the high-voltage electrostatic devices in a series manner: the connection sequence is as follows: the power switch, the timer, the thin steel wire suspended into a loop, and the anode of the steel wire are connected with the high-voltage electrostatic generator, and the cathode is grounded;
4.2.2 Morchella seeding and management
1. Selecting a field which is fertile in soil, rich in humus, sheltered from wind and exposed to the sun and convenient in water source. 1-2 days before sowing, watering the field thoroughly, and scattering lime powder on the furrow for later use (the dosage is 50-75 kg/mu). In order to ensure the temperature and humidity required by the growth of the morchella, the shed can be covered with a plastic film and a shading net. For comparison purposes, the field area should satisfy the seeding area for all strains electrostatically processed and the control strains that were not processed.
2. After sowing, mulching films can be covered for heat preservation and moisture preservation, strains start to germinate on the next day after cultivation, basically occupy the ridge surface for 4-7 days, produce bacteria cream in about 10 days, check the hypha germination condition every day, and make records.
3. In the fruiting management stage, the soil humidity is kept at 30-35%, the air humidity is kept at 60-80%, the field management from sowing to harvesting of morchella is performed around the moisture, and the moisture management facility adopts a micro-sprinkling irrigation system to effectively regulate the air and the soil humidity. The temperature is 15-20 ℃, and the ventilation, the illumination and the like are kept consistent.
4.2.3 high-Voltage Electrostatic treatment time and Electrostatic Strength design
1. The facilities of each shed for installing high-voltage static electricity are checked to be perfect, and the grounding is good;
2. after Morchella esculenta is sown, setting the high-voltage electrostatic treatment time of each shed to be 20 minutes, setting the high-voltage electrostatic strength to be 5kv, 10kv and 15kv to 60kv respectively, setting the voltage of each shed to be a fixed value, and marking.
3. And (4) performing fruiting management according to a normal management mode of the morchella, and recording the growth condition of the morchella under each high-voltage electrostatic strength.
4.3 conclusion
4.3.1 Effect of high Voltage Electrostatic field on formation time of bacterial Frost
Observation shows that the growth rate of the morchella equipped with the high-voltage electrostatic device is obviously higher than that of a control group, the production time of morchella cream (asexual spores) is 10-26 days, and the formation time of the morchella cream is 13 days when the electrostatic voltage intensity is 15 kv; when the concentration is 25-30kv, the formation time of the bacterial cream is 9 days; the formation time of the bacterial cream is 15 days at 40 kv; when the pressure exceeds 45kv, the formation time of the bacterial cream exceeds 20 days.
| Serial number | Electrostatic Strength (kv) | Bacterial cream production time (day) | Growth of bacterial cream |
| 1 | 5 | 24 | The bacterial cream grows slowly |
| 2 | 10 | 18 | The bacterial cream grows slowly and is sparse |
| 3 | 15 | 13 | The bacterial cream is sparse and has low density |
| 4 | 20 | 11 | The fungus cream is dense and irregularly distributed |
| 5 | 25 | 9 | The bacterial cream is dense and uniformly distributed |
| 6 | 30 | 10 | The fungus cream is dense and white |
| 7 | 40 | 15 | The bacterial cream is sparse and has low density |
| 8 | 45 | 20 | The bacterial cream is sparse and has low density |
| 9 | 50 | 22 | The bacterial cream is sparse and has low density |
| 10 | 55 | 24 | The bacterial cream is sparse and has low density |
| 11 | 60 | 26 | The bacterial cream is sparse and grows slowly |
4.3.2 Effect of high Voltage Electrostatic field on bud formation time of Morchella
The high-voltage electrostatic field can stimulate the morchella hypha to be twisted into mushroom buds in advance. According to observation, in the morchella planted on the same day in 2018 in the high and cold areas of the Qinghai, under the same management modes of watering, heat preservation, ventilation and the like, the time for forming mushroom buds of a control group is 104 days, the time for forming mushroom buds of the morchella provided with a high-voltage electrostatic field is 92-119 days, and when the high-voltage electrostatic intensity in a shed is 25-30kv, the time for forming the mushroom buds is the shortest and is 96 days; the formation time of mushroom buds is 117 days when the electrostatic intensity voltage is 40 kv; when the electrostatic intensity is 50kv, the formation time of the mushroom buds is 118-. Due to the small difference between the climate and each shed, the first mushroom buds appear in statistics.
| Serial number | Electrostatic Strength (kv) | Formation time of mushroom bud | Density of mushroom buds |
| 1 | 5 | 111 | ++ |
| 2 | 15 | 107 | ++ |
| 3 | 25 | 104 | +++ |
| 4 | 35 | 96 | +++ |
| 5 | 45 | 118 | +++ |
| 6 | 55 | 118 | ++ |
| 7 | 60 | 119 | ++ |
4.3.3 Effect of high Voltage static on growth time of Morchella sporophore
Generally, the time from the formation of mushroom buds to the picking of the morchella esculenta is 10-15 days, the growth time of morchella esculenta sporocarp can be obviously shortened by 2-3 days after the morchella esculenta is subjected to high-voltage electrostatic stimulation, the shape, color and quality of the morchella esculenta are slightly higher than those of a control group, and the yield is also increased by 12% -15% compared with the control group. Wherein when the electrostatic strength is 30kv, the growth time of the morchella sporocarp is 8 days; when the electrostatic strength is 40kv, the growth time of the morchella is 11 days; when the electrostatic strength is 50kv, the growth time of the morchella is 15 days; when the electrostatic strength is more than 55kv, the morchella sporocarp basically does not grow.
Claims (10)
1. The morchella high-voltage electrostatic device system in the greenhouse comprises a high-voltage electrostatic generator with the range of 0-60kv, an electrostatic protector, an electrostatic control system, a grounding device, a keel brushed with tung oil, a thin steel wire, an insulating hook, a fixing device and the like.
2. The morchella esculenta mycelium of claim 1, under the influence of electrostatic field force in electrostatic field environment, can enhance photosynthesis, and can generate NO and NO by breaking down air2Reacting with water to generate nitrous acid and nitric acid, providing more abundant nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen and the like for morchella and accelerating the growth of hypha.
3. The morchella sporocarp growth process according to claim 1, wherein high-voltage static electricity provides nutritional conditions for synthesis of ATP of morchella, and can accelerate absorption of CO by morchella2Water absorption and respiration, and sclerotium is formed in advance; the morchella mycelium is rapidly changed from a vegetative growth stage to a reproductive growth stage and twisted into mushroom buds.
4. The high-voltage electrostatic field according to claim 1 can not only stimulate the growth of morchella esculenta and shorten the formation time of morchella sporocarp, but also increase the yield of morchella esculenta by 12-15% by adding the electrostatic field under the same condition.
5. The high voltage electrostatic process according to claim 1 is physical, the electrostatic field generates a current potential difference under a high voltage condition, which can stimulate the proliferation of callus tissue and accelerate the healing of morchella wounds, not only does not destroy the quality and nutrition of morchella, but also does not affect the surrounding environment, and creates conditions for environmental harmony, pesticide reduction and pesticide elimination to obtain morchella green production.
6. The morchella electrostatic treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage electrostatic device belongs to a physical device, the device has a simple structure, is easy to operate and manage, and has no radiation influence on the environment and the periphery in the operation process.
7. The morchella esculenta of claim 1, which is stimulated by high-voltage static electricity to accelerate the absorption of CO by hyphae2The ability of water absorption and respiration, and the growth of hypha.
8. The morchella esculenta of claim 1, which is subjected to high-voltage electrostatic treatment, wherein the yield is increased by 12% -15%.
9. The morchella as claimed in claim 1, which is subjected to electrostatic treatment to shorten the formation time of morchella frost, mushroom buds and fruit body.
10. The morchella esculenta according to claim 1, wherein the time for wound healing is accelerated after electrostatic treatment, and the shape, color and quality of the morchella esculenta fruiting body are better than those of a control group.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111837802A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-30 | 管俊林 | Method for high-voltage electrostatic bacteriostasis of morchella in greenhouse |
| CN111937852A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-17 | 管俊林 | Method for high-voltage electrostatic insect expelling in morchella greenhouse |
| CN114041383A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-15 | 泰迪伦(武汉)节能环保科技有限公司 | Hydroxyl ionized water and application thereof in ecological planting |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111837802A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-30 | 管俊林 | Method for high-voltage electrostatic bacteriostasis of morchella in greenhouse |
| CN111937852A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2020-11-17 | 管俊林 | Method for high-voltage electrostatic insect expelling in morchella greenhouse |
| CN114041383A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-02-15 | 泰迪伦(武汉)节能环保科技有限公司 | Hydroxyl ionized water and application thereof in ecological planting |
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Application publication date: 20191227 |