CN111937852A

CN111937852A - Method for high-voltage electrostatic insect expelling in morchella greenhouse

Info

Publication number: CN111937852A
Application number: CN201910400440.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 管俊林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-05-17
Filing date: 2019-05-17
Publication date: 2020-11-17

Abstract

In the cultivation and production of morchella esculenta, particularly, when sugar-containing waste in soil such as corn stalks or soil agricultural waste is fertile, insect pests are easy to break out, and the pests mainly comprise springtails, mushroom flies, mites and ophthalmic fungus mosquitoes, and the more harmful substances are springtails and ophthalmic fungus mosquitoes. They can move in soil gaps and chew on toadstool hyphae; and the nutrient solution can also enter an exogenous nutrient bag and propagate in the bag, so that hyphae are damaged and nutrition is lost. In warm and humid spring seasons, large-scale springtails can chew ascocarps, the development of the ascocarps after being bitten is hindered, the springtails can carry and spread plant diseases and insect pests, cross repeated infection is caused, other diseases are easily caused, the plant diseases and insect pests can spread rapidly, and loss is often caused to production of morchella esculenta. In order to reduce the influence of insect pests on the yield and quality of morchella esculenta, the experimental research for many years finds that: the proper electrostatic field environment can effectively inhibit the reproduction of morchella esculenta and move the morchella esculenta away from the environment, can promote the growth of morchella esculenta hypha and fruit bodies while expelling insects, and simultaneously forms an ozone layer on the surface of the morchella esculenta to play a role in sterilization, thereby realizing a harmonious environment for physically eliminating diseases.

Description

Method for high-voltage electrostatic insect expelling in morchella greenhouse

One, the technical field

The invention belongs to the application of high-voltage static electricity in the field of edible mushroom production, and particularly relates to a novel technology for inhibiting insect damage in a morchella planting process by utilizing the high-voltage static electricity.

Second, background Art

The growth of traditional agricultural production comes at the cost of waste of resources and environmental pollution. Due to excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, land fertility decline, environmental pollution, crop quality reduction, even harm to human health are caused, and sustainable development of agriculture is seriously affected. In order to solve the disadvantages brought by the traditional production mode, in recent decades, high-voltage electrostatic fields are increasingly applied to agricultural production and have been successfully applied in some research directions, so that the application of electrostatic technology in agriculture is a hot spot of research of technologists at present. As an emerging marginal discipline, the application of electrostatic technology has penetrated into various fields of agriculture and even become one of the means and methods for modifying traditional agricultural production.

In the cultivation and production of morchella esculenta, particularly, when sugar-containing waste in soil such as corn stalks or soil agricultural waste is fertile, insect pests are easy to break out, and the pests mainly comprise springtails, mushroom flies, mites and ophthalmic fungus mosquitoes, and the more harmful substances are springtails and ophthalmic fungus mosquitoes. They can move in soil gaps and chew on toadstool hyphae; and the nutrient solution can also enter an exogenous nutrient bag and propagate in the bag, so that hyphae are damaged and nutrition is lost. In warm and humid spring seasons, large-scale springtails can chew ascocarps, the development of the ascocarps after being bitten is hindered, the springtails can carry and spread plant diseases and insect pests, cross repeated infection is caused, other diseases are easily caused, the plant diseases and insect pests can spread rapidly, and loss is often caused to production of morchella esculenta.

Third, the invention

1. Objects of the invention

Through many years of field cultivation, morel diseases are also highlighted, including: physiological diseases, frost and dead and malformed mushrooms caused by high temperature; pathogenic diseases, death and developmental deformity of fruiting bodies caused by bed surface fungi; fruiting body diseases caused by fungi, such as leukoderma; insect pests, including slugs eating the fruiting bodies, fleas, mushroom mosquitoes affecting the development and quality of the fruiting bodies; after inoculation, the strains are bitten and eaten, and after the bag is erected, the bag materials and the hyphae are bitten and eaten, so that the yield and the mouse damage of disease infection are influenced; the seriously damaged sporocarp is spongy, wet-rotted or dead caenorhabditis elegans and the like. And the occurrence of pests and diseases is often comprehensive, physiological diseases are accompanied with pathogenic diseases, the release of the pesticide of the pests is continuously updated every year, and the relative pests are also mutated and propagated year by year.

2. Analysis of mechanism

All organisms on the earth surface grow and breed under the action of a natural electrostatic field with the electric field intensity of 130v per month. The change of the biological environment electric field, especially the external high voltage electrostatic field, inevitably has certain influence on the charge distribution, arrangement and movement inside and outside the cells of the organism. The high voltage electric field can disturb the physiological cycle of pests, inhibit laying eggs, and utilize the static of different frequencies to carry out corona stimulation to insects such as springtails, slugs that harm the growth of morchella, make it unable adapt to different electric field environment in the canopy, avoid outside the canopy, thereby reach and do not apply any pesticide expelling parasite.

3. Characteristic of the technology

In order to reduce the influence of insect pests on the yield and quality of morchella esculenta, the experimental research for many years finds that: the proper electrostatic field environment can effectively inhibit the reproduction of morchella esculenta and move the morchella esculenta away from the environment, can promote the growth of morchella esculenta hypha and fruit bodies while expelling insects, and simultaneously forms an ozone layer on the surface of the morchella esculenta to play a role in sterilization, thereby realizing a harmonious environment for physically eliminating diseases.

The morchella high-voltage electrostatic device system in the greenhouse comprises a high-voltage electrostatic generator with the range of 0-60kv, an electrostatic protector, an electrostatic control system, a grounding device, a keel brushed with tung oil, a thin steel wire, an insulating hook, a fixing device and the like.

Due to the fact that field planting control difficulty of the morchella is high, a drug application control mode cannot break root causes, the natural environment growth rule of the morchella is influenced, and the normal growth of the morchella and the quality and the product income of the morchella are greatly influenced. The high-voltage electrostatic deworming technology for morchella is a physical treatment mode completely, can reduce soil pesticide residue and heavy metal pollution, and provides a better growth environment for healthy growth of morchella.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage electrostatic device in a greenhouse, which comprises a high-voltage electrostatic generator, an electrostatic protector, an electrostatic control system, a grounding device, a keel brushed with tung oil, a thin steel wire, an insulating hook, a fixing device and the like. The specific suspension mode is as follows: the high-voltage electrostatic generator is arranged on a wall body of the shed, a keel and a hook (100 per mu plus 150 sleeves) are hung on the shed support, an electrode wire is hung on the hook, one end of an electrode limit is connected with the high-voltage electrostatic generator, one end of the electrode limit is grounded, and after the electrode limit is electrified, an electrostatic field is formed in the shed.

Fig. 2 is a wiring diagram of a high-voltage electrostatic generator, which comprises an electrostatic protector, an electrostatic control system, a timer, an electrostatic switch and the like.

Fifthly, the specific implementation mode comprises

1. Arrangement of high-voltage electrostatic field

An electrode wire is erected at a position 1.7-1.8 meters away from the ground in a space electric field arranged in the shed, the electrode wire is connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic device, a direct-current high voltage is supplied for 5-60kv, and the bottom of a wall body in the shed is connected with the negative electrode, so that a forward electrostatic field is formed between the electrode wire and soil in the shed. The voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is respectively set to be 5-30kv, the electrostatic processing time is 20min, the interval is 20min, and the electrostatic voltage of each shed is different fixed set values during the operation of the high-voltage electrostatic equipment and does not change.

2. Morchella seeding management

The seeding and the management and the protection of the morchella are generally not different, and the management of temperature, humidity, ventilation and illumination can be carried out according to the conventional method. In order to observe the high-voltage electrostatic insect-expelling effect more objectively, a greenhouse without an electrostatic device can be selected as a comparison group, two groups are subjected to the same management and are respectively marked and recorded.

Because the growth of morchella mycelium is mainly in autumn and winter, the insect damage is not obvious, and after the winter is warmed up, the mycelium germinates and parasites in soil and the nutrition bag also recover to grow. When the pests are suitable for static electricity of one frequency, the pests bite hypha and young fruit bodies, and then the static electricity of another frequency is replaced, and the adaptive frequency of the pests is disturbed by the static electricity of different frequencies, so that the purpose of expelling the pests is achieved.

Claims

1. In order to reduce the influence of insect pests on the yield and quality of morchella esculenta, the experimental research for many years finds that: the proper electrostatic field environment can effectively inhibit the reproduction of morchella esculenta and move the morchella esculenta away from the environment, can promote the growth of morchella esculenta hypha and fruit bodies while expelling insects, and simultaneously forms an ozone layer on the surface of the morchella esculenta to play a role in sterilization, thereby realizing a harmonious environment for physically eliminating diseases.

2. The high-voltage electrostatic device system in the toadstool planting greenhouse according to claim 1, comprising a high-voltage electrostatic generator with the range of 0-60kv, an electrostatic protector, an electrostatic control system, a grounding device, a keel brushed with tung oil, a thin steel wire, an insulating hook, a fixing device and the like.

3. The high-voltage electric field according to claim 2 can disturb the physiological cycle of pests, inhibit oviposition, and utilize different frequencies of static electricity to perform corona stimulation on insects such as bugs and slugs which harm the growth of morchella esculenta, so that the insects cannot adapt to different electric field environments in the shed and can be kept outside the shed, thereby achieving insect expelling without applying any pesticide.

4. The high-voltage electrostatic toadstool insect expelling technology according to claim 3 is a physical treatment mode completely, can reduce soil pesticide residue and heavy metal pollution, and provides a better growth environment for healthy growth of toadstool.