CN111837802A

CN111837802A - Method for high-voltage electrostatic bacteriostasis of morchella in greenhouse

Info

Publication number: CN111837802A
Application number: CN201910328018.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 管俊林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-04-26
Filing date: 2019-04-26
Publication date: 2020-10-30

Abstract

The mechanism of high-voltage static bacteriostasis is that after the high-voltage static generator is connected with a high-voltage direct-current power supply, the electrode generates corona discharge, and the electrostatic field changes the biological field for the survival of bacteria and influences the metabolism of the bacteria, thereby playing a role in sterilization. Therefore, many fungi and bacteria in the greenhouse are killed, and some plant viruses can be inactivated without causing harm to the growth of the morchella. The method is suitable for the growth environment of morchella, and bacteria are easy to breed. Morchella diseases caused by bacteria can often form purulent mucus on the surface of ascocarp stipe or pileus, and the probability of bacterial infection is the highest at the place where the stipe, particularly the stipe, is jointed with soil; the occurrence of bacterial diseases of morchella esculenta can be related to the biting, boring and the like of pests, cross invasion and susceptible parts are formed, and the occurrence of a plurality of bacterial diseases can cause the output and the taste of the morchella esculenta. The high-voltage static electricity can inhibit and ensure the nutritional quality of the morchella, reduce the pollution of pesticide residues to soil and provide a healthier green food for consumers.

Description

Method for high-voltage electrostatic bacteriostasis of morchella in greenhouse

One, the technical field

The invention belongs to the application of high-voltage static electricity in the field of edible mushroom production, and particularly relates to a novel technology for inhibiting bacterial diseases in a greenhouse morchella planting process by utilizing the high-voltage static electricity.

Second, background Art

The static technology belongs to a new marginal discipline, and is mainly applied to the agricultural production process in the form of energy and information, so that the positive influence is generated on the sustainable development of 'two-high one-high-priority' agriculture in China. In recent years, the electrostatic technology is widely applied to the fields of crop yield increase, agricultural product preservation, drying and dehydration and the like, and has important influence on the improvement of the crop growth environment and the treatment effect. The most obvious disease in the greenhouse cultivation process of the morchella is bacterial disease, the growth conditions of the morchella sporocarp are proper in temperature and humidity, bacteria can affect the production of the morchella in the whole morchella production link, and especially the bacterial disease in the fruiting link is obvious and harsh, so that the quality and the yield of the morchella are directly affected. At present, no method for effectively inhibiting bacterial diseases of morchella esculenta exists, so that targeted medicines are difficult to appear in a short time. According to the occurrence rule and the spreading characteristics of the bacterial diseases, the bacterial diseases can be controlled in prevention and control.

Due to the special cultivation mode of the morchella, the morchella is exposed to the threat of complex environments of various microorganisms (relative to the morchella, the microorganisms are all mixed bacteria) except in the strain production link in the whole production process, so that the morchella is easy to cause the invasion of various insects, animals, bacteria and fungi and other organisms including viruses in the whole field production link, and the production is damaged. In recent years, in the cultivation and production of morchella, the problem of plant diseases and insect pests of morchella is already highlighted, and morchella growers often have no policy and serious loss when suffering from the outbreak of the plant diseases and insect pests.

Third, the invention

The high-voltage electrostatic field is arranged in the greenhouse, and ozone with a certain disinfection and sterilization effect is generated through electrostatic corona discharge, so that harmful bacteria in the greenhouse can be reduced, and bacterial diseases of morchella can be prevented.

1. Objects of the invention

The bacteria belong to prokaryotes, are much smaller than fungi, are generally 1-3 μm long and 0.5-0.8 μm wide, cannot be seen by naked eyes, and can be observed in various forms under a high power microscope. Bacteria can influence the production of the morchella in the whole production link of the morchella, and the occurrence of bacterial pollution in the preparation process of the strain is also a common matter. The bacterial diseases in the fruiting link are particularly obvious and harsh, and serious direct loss is caused. During cultivation, bacterial harm of morchella is mainly attack on ascocarp, especially attack is easy to start from stipe part of the morchella ascocarp when encountering high-temperature and high-humidity weather, and the wounded part chewed by insects is also a place where bacteria easily occur.

The morchella mycelium and the ascocarp are rich in various nutrients such as saccharides, proteins, lipids and the like, and the nutrition is very rich. The morchella esculenta cultivation method is suitable for an environment where morchella esculenta grows, bacteria are easy to breed, and especially bacterial diseases are easy to happen under the unhealthy state of morchella esculenta mushroom bodies caused by freezing injury, high temperature, high humidity, insect damage and the like. Morchella diseases caused by bacteria can often form purulent mucus on the surface of ascocarp stipe or pileus, and the probability of bacterial infection is the highest at the place where the stipe, particularly the stipe, is jointed with soil; the occurrence of bacterial diseases of morchella esculenta can be related to the biting, boring and the like of pests, cross invasion and susceptible parts are formed, and the occurrence of a plurality of bacterial diseases can cause the output and the taste of the morchella esculenta. The high-voltage static electricity can inhibit and ensure the nutritional quality of the morchella, reduce the pollution of pesticide residues to soil and provide a healthier green food for consumers.

2. Analysis of mechanism

The mechanism of high-voltage static bacteriostasis is that after a high-voltage static generator is connected with a high-voltage direct-current power supply, an electrode generates corona discharge, static electricity breaks through air to generate ozone with a sterilization effect, and partial ozone reacts with moisture in the air to generate H₂O₂It has strong oxidizing power, and can oxidize bacteria, destroy the biological membrane and cell nucleus of microbe, break the cell wall of microbe and make the protoplast flow out to die. In addition, the electrostatic field also changes the living biological field of bacteria, influences the metabolism of the bacteria, thereby playing a role in sterilization. Therefore, many fungi and bacteria in the greenhouse are killed, and some plant viruses can be inactivated without causing harm to the growth of the morchella.

3. Technical measure

The morchella high-voltage electrostatic device system in the greenhouse comprises a high-voltage electrostatic generator with the range of 0-60kv, an electrostatic protector, an electrostatic control system, a grounding device, a keel brushed with tung oil, a thin steel wire, an insulating hook, a fixing device and the like.

Ozone formed by electrostatic breakdown of air can be quickly emitted, and the growth of morchella mycelium and fruiting bodies is not harmed by electrostatic bacteriostasis. The process is physical, the quality and nutrition of the morchella esculenta are not damaged, the surrounding environment is not influenced, and conditions are created for environment harmony, pesticide reduction and green production of the morchella esculenta by avoiding the pesticide.

Fourth, detailed description of the invention

1. Arrangement of high-voltage electrostatic field

An electrode wire is erected at a position 1.7-1.8 meters away from the ground in a space electric field arranged in the shed, the electrode wire is connected with the positive electrode of the high-voltage electrostatic device, a direct-current high voltage is supplied for 5-60kv, and the bottom of soil in the shed is connected with the negative electrode, so that a positive electrostatic field is formed between the electrode wire and the ground. The voltage of the high-voltage electrostatic generator is respectively set to be 5-30kv, the electrostatic treatment time is 20min, the interval is 20min, and the electrostatic voltage does not change during the operation of the equipment.

2. Morchella seeding management

The seeding and the management and the protection of the morchella are generally not different, and the management of temperature, humidity, ventilation and illumination can be carried out according to the conventional method. In order to observe the high-voltage static bacteriostasis effect more objectively, a greenhouse without an electrostatic device is selected as a comparison group, two groups are managed in the same way, and relevant mark records are respectively made.

3. Results

The morchella esculenta is sowed from 11 months in 2018 to 4 months in 2019, and observation for more than 180 days shows that the morchella esculenta of the control group has the bacterial contamination rate of 0.07 percent and the fruiting body has the bacterial contamination rate of 0.09 percent. The bacterial diseases of the morchella esculenta provided with the high-voltage electrostatic device are obviously lower than those of a control group, wherein when the electrostatic voltage intensity is 10kv, the bacterial contamination rate of the morchella esculenta hyphae is 0.03%, and the contamination rate of the fruiting body is 0.05%; when the electrostatic voltage intensity is 25kv, the growth of morchella mycelium and fruiting body is slow; when the electrostatic voltage is more than 50kv, the morchella rate is more than 1%.

Claims

1. The morchella high-voltage electrostatic device system in the greenhouse of claim 1, comprising a high-voltage electrostatic generator with the range of 0-60kv, an electrostatic protector, an electrostatic control system, a grounding device, a keel brushed with tung oil, a thin steel wire, an insulating hook, a fixing device and the like.

2. The high-voltage electrostatic bacteriostasis device according to claim 2, wherein the high-voltage electrostatic generator is connected with a high-voltage direct-current power supply, then an electrode generates corona discharge, static electricity breaks through air to generate ozone with sterilization effect, and partial ozone reacts with moisture in the air to generate H₂O₂Has strong oxidizing power, can oxidize bacteria, and destroy the biological membrane of microorganismsThe cell nucleus, which disrupts the microbial cell wall, and the protoplasts flow out and die.

3. The high-voltage electrostatic bacteriostasis of claim 3 changes the living biological field of bacteria, influences the metabolism of the bacteria and plays a role in sterilization. Therefore, many fungi and bacteria in the greenhouse are killed, and some plant viruses can be inactivated without causing harm to the growth of the morchella.

4. The high-voltage electrostatic bacteriostasis of claim 4 belongs to a physical treatment mode, and the proper static electricity in the greenhouse can inhibit the breeding and spreading of bacteria, and has no influence on the nutrient content and the taste quality of morchella.