CN107197670A

CN107197670A - A kind of dragon fruit cultural method

Info

Publication number: CN107197670A
Application number: CN201710408801.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林杰; 林琳; 林子航
Original assignee: Guangxi Hai Quan Agriculture Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Hai Quan Agriculture Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-06-02
Filing date: 2017-06-02
Publication date: 2017-09-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of dragon fruit cultural method, belong to agricultural plantation technology field.The dragon fruit cultural method includes the steps such as screening varieties, cuttage and seedling culture, site preparation column, field planting, fertigation, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, field management.Present invention optimizes dragon fruit planting base space, using townhouse formula dragon fruit cultivating stand, dragon fruit planting density can be increased, 2.5 2.8m are reserved between plantation ridge simultaneously, as the passage of artificial and mechanical work, cost of labor and management cost can be reduced, and dragon fruit yield height, the quality better produced, dragon fruit selenium element content is high, reaches the requirement of rich selenium fruit, suitable large-scale promotion is used.

Description

A kind of dragon fruit cultural method

Technical field

The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, more particularly to a kind of dragon fruit cultural method.

Background technology

Dragon fruit has very high economic value, integrates fruit, flowers, vegetables, medical advantage.Its fruit can either It is edible, there is very high nutritive value again, containing abundant anthocyanin, phytalbumin, Vc and dietary fiber, have become Excellent green health care food.Pitaya Flower is nutritious, function is unique, rich in vitamin, carrotene, calcium, phosphorus, and few A variety of nutrients beneficial to human body such as anthocyanidin are measured, with improving eyesight, fall fire effect, there is preventing hypertension effect, to coughing, Asthma has the curative effect of uniqueness.Pitaya Flower can be made into dry vegetalbe as Baoshang raw material or prepare health functional beverage, simultaneous as dish tea Health food.Current dragon fruit is in the fairly large plantation in the provinces and regions such as Taiwan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, and economic valency Value is high, profitable on ecology.But major part orchard worker applies fertilizer to dragon fruit and mainly summarized by rule of thumb with production at present, and orchard worker lacks management Experience, does not make rational planning for, branch-finishing and pruning is unreasonable after dragon fruit restocking to dragon fruit plantation, causes germination excessive, battalion Health length is superfluous, reduces fruit bearing rate, disease administrative skill is lacked in addition, in key links such as flower and fruit thinning, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control On do not take scientific and effective technical measures in time, cause the dragon fruit born to yield poorly, poor quality, the output value it is low.

Selenium (selenium) is one of element most rare on the earth, is found by Sweden scientist in 1817, its conduct The important component of the sweet skin enzyme of paddy skin, can remove free radical and anti-aging, most important to health.At present, oneself It is acknowledged as trace element necessary to human nutrition.The shortage of selenium, can cause heart disease, Keshan disease, cataract, myopia in kind food Etc. a variety of diseases.There is scholar's discovery, the generation of the shortage and unhealthy emotion and cancer of selenium has certain relation.In order to solve The problem of resident's selenium is not enough, notice has been turned to selenium-enriched food by researcher, have developed a series of selenium-rich products:Natural Transformation Selenium product, laborious transferring selenium product, crops containing selenium, high-tech nanometer selenium.Research is found, utilizes the organic transformation approach of plant Increase the content of Selenium In Foods, be the essential measure for improving human body selemium nutrition.Fruit is the main plant food of China resident One of, the content of selenium in some fruit is improved, there is certain realistic meaning to the health of China resident.Current dragon fruit selenium-rich Technically remain the problem of selenium fertilizer utilization rate is low, dragon fruit Se content is low.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of selenium-rich dragon fruit cultural method of high-yield and high-efficiency, to solve prior art moderate heat Imperial fruit is low to utilization rate of fertilizer, dragon fruit yields poorly, poor quality the problems such as.

To solve above technical problem, the present invention uses following technical scheme：

A kind of dragon fruit cultural method, comprises the following steps：

S1：Screening varieties：The high dragon fruit kind of the excellent self-pollination rate of selection is cultivated；

S2：Cuttage and seedling culture：The thick river sands of 2.5-3.5cm are spread in cuttage seedbed bottom, top repaves the thick trainings of 2.5-3.5cm Support soil, stir, every 3 days with disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seedbed once, altogether sterilize 2-3 times；The aging bearing basal shoot of screening As cuttage seedling, the stem section of clip 20-30cm length soaks stem section 2-3min with Bravo, and cuttage is entered to seedling bed after air-drying Row cultivation is taken root；

S3：Site preparation column：The soil that selection ventilation is on the sunny side, the soil is porous enters before planting as dragon fruit planting base Row site preparation does ridge, ridge is long 50-80 meters, the high 15-20cm in ridge, ridge face width 1.1-1.3m, ridge spacing 2.5-2.8m；Taken in plantation ridge The row's of building up concrete column, cement intercolumniation 2.5-3.0m, concrete column is by 2 fixations with steel wire, and a steel wire is fixed on top away from water At the 15-20cm of mud column top, another steel wire be fixed on lower section away from plantation ridge 15-20cm at；The steel wire passes through with concrete column Coil is fixed；

S4：Field planting：It is field planting area to be set up in plantation ridge every 30-35cm, and base manure is made along field planting area organic fertilizer A, Every mu of 2500-3000kg, is transplanted to field planting area, soil 2-3cm is goed deep into root by the cuttage seeding taken root；

S5：Fertigation：Spring fertilizer 3, every mu of 1500-1700kg of organic fertilizer A in April, autumn and winter fertilizer 10, organic fertilizer B in November Every mu of 1300-1500kg, 5,7, September potassium application, every mu of 3-5kg of fertiliser containing magnesium；Weather notes watering when arid, keeps ground moistening； Yield positive results the phase, yield positive results the phase, it is every to spray water soluble organic fertilizer within 15-20 days；

S6：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Based on physical control, cultural control, with reference to the side supplemented by high-efficiency low-toxicity chemical pesticide Method carries out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；The physical control is to utilize frequency ventilating type trap lamp, solar energy lamp installed on farms to catch insects in night time, male sex pheromone trapper Adult moth pests are trapped and killed, yellow haftplatte catches and kills aphid, and release tea seed cake, which is killed, controls nematode；The cultural control is to remove disease pest in time Branch, flower, fruit, carry out the work of cleaning rural area；The chemical pesticide is 1500 times of AVMs, 2000 times of Imidacloprid Contol ofCotton thrips；

S7：Field management：Including weeding, pruning, flower and fruit thinning；The weeding is the laying suppression grass between plantation ridge Film, with reference to artificial weeding；The pruning cuts branch to be climbed up by holding on to when dragon fruit fleshy stem before supreme square steel cord, retain 1 Bar stem；Curved seedling length is divided into 3-6 to truncation during 70-80cm, vines and naturally droops branch, grows up to fruitful branch；Pick knot every year Shu Hou, cuts off the vines of aging and vertical the vines sheltered from heat or light, the new Stem nematode of promotion after production fruit；The flower and fruit thinning, be dragon fruit Petal, which is buddingged 6-8 days, carries out artificial flower thinning, and every bearing basal shoot stays 1 full bud；Artificial fruit thinning, every plant are carried out in young fruit period The same phase bears fruit several 1-2.

Preferably, compost is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight in step S2：40-60 parts of peat soil, wormcast amino Sour organic fertilizer 5-10 parts, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 5-10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10-30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, mushroom residue 15-30 Part, 20-40 parts of rural area soil, 10-20 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, 5-10 parts of withered grass, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, Chinese milk vetch 10-20 Part, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, manganese fertilizer 1.1-2.5 parts, 0.8-1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.3-0.7 parts of blown-ball Azotobacter, Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria 0.2-1.0 Part, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.4-0.7 parts of silicate bacteria.

Preferably, step S4 organic fertilizers A is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：10-20 parts of oxalic acid, 10-20 parts of citric acid, 5-10 parts of wormcast amino acid fertilizer, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 5-10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage 10-15 Part, 10-30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, 20-40 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 20-30 parts of paulownia bran, leaf of Japanese banana 10- 20 parts, 5-10 parts of withered grass, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer 0.3- 0.5 part, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8-1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.5-1.2 parts of De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.3-0.7 parts of blown-ball Azotobacter, Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria 0.2-1.0 parts, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria 0.4- 0.7 part, the golden bud of 0.5-0.7 parts of colloid bacillus cereus, 0.2-0.6 parts of bacillus laterosporus, 0.5-0.9 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, Su Yun 0.4-0.7 parts of spore bacillus, 0.7-1.5 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5-1.1 parts of photosynthetic bacteria.

Preferably, step S4 organic fertilizers A nutrient content is nitrogen 3.7-4.3%, P elements 3.4-4.2%, potassium member Plain 3.4-3.8% parts, magnesium elements 3.1-3.9%, copper 0.2-2.6%, manganese element 3.1-3.7%, element sulphur 0.3- 1.5%, it is organic matter 7.1-8.6%, ammonium nitrogen 723-797ppm, nitrate nitrogen 612-667ppm, rapid available phosphorus 261-296ppm, quick-acting Potassium 395-463ppm.

Preferably, organic fertilizer B is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight in step S5：10-20 parts of oxalic acid, citric acid 10-20 Part, 5-10 parts of wormcast amino acid fertilizer, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 5-10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage 10-15 parts, 30-50 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, 10-20 parts of tobacco powder, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 20-40 parts, 20-30 parts of paulownia bran, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer 0.3-0.5 parts, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer 0.8-1.5 2 parts of part, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, silicic acid 0.4-0.7 parts of salt bacterium, 0.5-0.7 parts of colloid bacillus cereus, 0.2-0.6 parts of bacillus laterosporus, 0.5-0.9 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, It is 0.4-0.7 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.7-1.5 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5-1.2 parts of De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, brown 0.3-0.7 parts of ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.2-1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5-1.1 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.6-1.3 parts of cyanobacterium, water 10-15 parts.

Preferably, step S5 organic fertilizers B nutrient content is nitrogen 3.5-4.8%, P elements 3.2-3.9%, potassium member Plain 3.4-3.8% parts, magnesium elements 2.1-2.8%, copper 0.5-1.8%, manganese element 3.4-3.9%, element sulphur 0.5- 1.8%th, organic matter 17.1-20.8%, ammonium nitrogen 702-756ppm, nitrate nitrogen 624-653ppm, rapid available phosphorus 273-294ppm, speed Imitate K42 6-461ppm.

Preferably, water soluble organic fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight in step S5：Adjust 0.5-0.8 parts of phosphine, ratio Long 0.5-1.3 parts, 10-20 parts of oxalic acid, 10-20 parts of citric acid, 10-15 parts of sodium selenate, 5-10 parts of potassium selenate, water-soluble organic matter 20-30 parts, 30-50 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, 10-20 parts of tobacco powder, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, clover 10-20 parts, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, boron fertilizer 0.3-0.9 Part, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8-1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, unwrapping wire 0.5-0.7 parts of bacterium, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.4-0.7 parts of silicate bacteria, 30-50 parts of water.

Preferably, the nutrient content of water soluble organic fertilizer is nitrogen 2.4-3.7%, P elements 3.5- in step S5 3.8%th, potassium element 2.6-3.5%, magnesium elements 1.8-2.7%, copper 0.6-1.4%, manganese element 3.7-4.1%, element sulphur 0.3-1.2%, organic matter 4.1-4.6%, ammonium nitrogen 713-748ppm, nitrate nitrogen 631-659ppm, rapid available phosphorus 267-289ppm, Available potassium 431-474ppm.

Preferably, potash fertilizer is potassium carbonate in step S5, and fertiliser containing magnesium is magnesium sulfate or magnesium nitrate.

Preferably, soil moisture is 50-60% in step S5.

The invention has the advantages that：

1st, present invention optimizes dragon fruit planting base space, using townhouse formula dragon fruit cultivating stand, dragon fruit can be increased Planting density, while reserving 2.5-2.8m between plantation ridge, as the passage of artificial and mechanical work, can reduce cost of labor And management cost.

2nd, the organic fertilizer A and organic fertilizer B that the present invention is used are Se-enriched bio-organic fertilizer, can be provided comprehensively for dragon fruit The field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, clover, Chinese milk vetch, nitrogen-fixing bacteria mutually cooperate with nutrient, component, can promote absorption of the dragon fruit root system to selenium element, Microbial bacterial agent used has following functions respectively in component：

Colloid bacillus cereus：Colloid bacillus cereus is also known as silicate bacteria, and its key property is can to decomposite feldspar, cloud Potassium, silicon in the mineral such as mother, can also decomposite the phosphorus in apatite, and secretion plant growth substance and a variety of enzymes, to increase Pretend resistance of the thing to some diseases.At present, this kind of bacterium is used as the best strain of bio-feritlizer, to promote soil inavailable The conversion of phosphorus potassium, increases the supply of soil phophorus potassium, improves crop yield.

Bacillus laterosporus：Increase soil quantity of useful microbe, improve soil microenvironment, promote structure shape in group Into improved soil quality；Stimulate crop root to develop, promote plant growth, increase yield, improve crop quality；Mitigate disease pest Evil, reduction residues of pesticides；Strengthen photosynthesis, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, reduce nitrate content；Solidify some heavy metals, drop Low plant in-vivo heavy metal content etc..

Mycorrhizal fungi：Mycorrhizal fungi and the homobium of root system of plant formation, can promote plant growth, again can be by expanding The approach such as rhizosphere scope, the generation of increase root exudates and particularity enzyme, the activity of increase rhizosphere other microorganisms promote soil The degraded of earth organic pollution.

Bacillus thuringiensis：Bacillus thuringiensis is a kind of ideal unitary insect inorganic agent, and it has special to insect Lethal effect, it is and harmless to the natural enemy of people perhaps many crops；

Streptomyces jingyangensis：Releasable antibacterial substance in metabolic process, so as to effectively prevent and treat various crop pest and disease damage, often Keep a full stand of seedings for diseases prevention agriculturally, the problem of environmental pollution because of caused by a large amount of uses of agricultural chemicals can be solved.

3rd, dragon fruit implantation methods of the present invention are simple, efficiency high, and the dragon fruit yield produced is high, quality better, flue Fruit selenium element content is high, reaches the requirement of rich selenium fruit, suitable large-scale promotion is used.

Embodiment

For ease of more fully understanding the present invention, it is illustrated by following examples, these embodiments belong to the present invention's Protection domain, but do not limit the scope of the invention.

In embodiment, a kind of dragon fruit cultural method comprises the following steps：

The compost is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：40-60 parts of peat soil, wormcast amino acid fertilizer 5-10 Part, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 5-10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10-30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, rural area soil 20-40 Part, 10-20 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, 5-10 parts of withered grass, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, iron fertilizer 1.2-1.7 Part, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer 0.8-1.5 parts, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.3-0.7 parts of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.2-1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, saccharomycete 0.2- 0.6 part, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.4-0.7 parts of silicate bacteria；

S4：Field planting：It is field planting area to be set up in plantation ridge every 30-35cm, and base manure is made along field planting area organic fertilizer A, Every mu of 2500-3000kg, is transplanted to plantation field planting area, soil 2-3cm is goed deep into root by the cuttage seeding taken root；

The organic fertilizer A is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：10-20 parts of oxalic acid, 10-20 parts of citric acid, wormcast ammonia 5-10 parts of organic fertilizer of base acid, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 5-10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, pigeon It is 10-30 parts of excrement, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, 20-40 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 20-30 parts of paulownia bran, 10-20 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, withered Careless 5-10 parts, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, molybdenum Fertile 1.5-1.8 parts, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8-1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, rice chaff ash 3-6 Part, 0.5-1.2 parts of De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.3-0.7 parts of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.2-1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.4-0.7 parts of silicate bacteria, colloid 0.5-0.7 parts of bacillus, 0.2-0.6 parts of bacillus laterosporus, 0.5-0.9 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, bacillus thuringiensis 0.4- 0.7 part, 0.7-1.5 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5-1.1 parts of photosynthetic bacteria；

The nutrient content of the organic fertilizer A is nitrogen 3.7-4.3%, P elements 3.4-4.2%, potassium element 3.4- 3.8% part, magnesium elements 3.1-3.9%, copper 0.2-2.6%, manganese element 3.1-3.7%, element sulphur 0.3-1.5%, it is organic Matter 7.1-8.6%, ammonium nitrogen 723-797ppm, nitrate nitrogen 612-667ppm, rapid available phosphorus 261-296ppm, available potassium 395- 463ppm；

S5：Fertigation：Spring fertilizer 3, every mu of 1500-1700kg of organic fertilizer A in April, autumn and winter fertilizer 10, organic fertilizer B in November Every mu of 1300-1500kg, 5,7, September potassium application, every mu of 3-5kg of fertiliser containing magnesium；Weather notes watering when arid, and maintenance soil moisture is 50-60%, yields positive results the phase, every to spray water soluble organic fertilizer within 15-20 days；The potash fertilizer be potassium carbonate, fertiliser containing magnesium be magnesium sulfate or Magnesium nitrate；

The organic fertilizer B is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：10-20 parts of oxalic acid, 10-20 parts of citric acid, wormcast ammonia 5-10 parts of organic fertilizer of base acid, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 5-10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, pigeon 30-50 parts of excrement, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, 10-20 parts of tobacco powder, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, 20-40 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, paulownia bran 20-30 parts, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, molybdenum Fertile 1.5-1.8 parts, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 2 parts of sulfur fertilizer 0.8-1.5 parts, rice chaff ash 3-6 parts, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria 0.4-0.7 Part, 0.5-0.7 parts of colloid bacillus cereus, 0.2-0.6 parts of bacillus laterosporus, 0.5-0.9 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, the golden gemma bars of Su Yun 0.4-0.7 parts of bacterium, 0.7-1.5 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5-1.2 parts of De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, blown-ball Azotobacter 0.3- 0.7 part, 0.2-1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5-1.1 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.6-1.3 parts of cyanobacterium, 10-15 parts of water；

The organic fertilizer B by nutrient content be nitrogen 3.5-4.8%, P elements 3.2-3.9%, potassium element 3.4- 3.8% part, it is magnesium elements 2.1-2.8%, copper 0.5-1.8%, manganese element 3.4-3.9%, element sulphur 0.5-1.8%, organic Matter 17.1-20.8%, ammonium nitrogen 702-756ppm, nitrate nitrogen 624-653ppm, rapid available phosphorus 273-294ppm, available potassium 426- 461ppm；

The water soluble organic fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Adjust 0.5-0.8 parts of phosphine, 0.5-1.3 parts of alar-85, 10-20 parts of oxalic acid, 10-20 parts of citric acid, 10-15 parts of sodium selenate, 5-10 parts of potassium selenate, 20-30 parts of water-soluble organic matter, pigeon 30-50 parts of excrement, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, 10-20 parts of tobacco powder, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, purple cloud 10-20 parts of English, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, copper fertilizer 0.6-1.2 It is part, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8-1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, withered Careless bacillus 0.1-0.9 parts, 0.4-0.7 parts of silicate bacteria, 30-50 parts of water；

The nutrient content of the water soluble organic fertilizer is nitrogen 2.4-3.7%, P elements 3.5-3.8%, potassium element 2.6-3.5%, magnesium elements 1.8-2.7%, copper 0.6-1.4%, manganese element 3.7-4.1%, element sulphur 0.3-1.2%, have Machine matter 4.1-4.6%, ammonium nitrogen 713-748ppm, nitrate nitrogen 631-659ppm, rapid available phosphorus 267-289ppm, available potassium 431- 474ppm；

S6：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Based on physical control, cultural control, with reference to the side supplemented by high-efficiency low-toxicity chemical pesticide Method carries out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；

The physical control is to utilize frequency ventilating type trap lamp, solar energy lamp installed on farms to catch insects in night time, male sex pheromone trapper trapping moth class Adult, yellow haftplatte catches and kills aphid, discharges tea seed cake and kills and controls nematode；The cultural control in time remove sick branch, flower, Really, the work of cleaning rural area is carried out；The chemical pesticide is 1500 times of AVMs, 2000 times of Imidacloprid Contol ofCotton thrips；

S7：Field management：Including weeding, pruning, flower and fruit thinning；

The weeding is the careless film of laying suppression between plantation ridge, with reference to artificial weeding；

The pruning cuts branch to be climbed up by holding on to when dragon fruit fleshy stem before supreme square steel cord, retain 1 stem；It is curved Seedling length is divided into 3-6 to truncation during 70-80cm, vines and naturally droops branch, grows up to fruitful branch；Pick after end, cut off every year The vines of aging and vertical the vines sheltered from heat or light, the new Stem nematode of promotion after production fruit；The flower and fruit thinning, 6- of buddingging for dragon fruit petal Artificial flower thinning is carried out within 8 days, every bearing basal shoot stays 1 full bud；Artificial fruit thinning is carried out in young fruit period, every plant of same phase bears fruit Number 1-2.

Embodiment 1

A kind of dragon fruit cultural method, comprises the following steps：

S2：Cuttage and seedling culture：The thick river sands of 2.9cm are spread in cuttage seedbed bottom, top repaves the thick composts of 3.5cm, stirred Mix uniform, every 3 days with disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seedbed once, sterilize 2 times altogether；The aging bearing basal shoot of screening is used as cuttage kind Seedling, the stem section of clip 25cm length soaks stem section 3min with Bravo, and cuttage is taken root to seedling bed progress cultivation after air-drying；

The compost is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：40 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of wormcast amino acid fertilizer, richness 10 parts of selenium shallot, 10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 15 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 20 parts of mushroom residue, 35 parts of rural area soil, 15 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, withered grass 5 Part, 16 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 14 parts of clover, 20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.5 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.5 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.7 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3 part of boron fertilizer, copper fertilizer 1.2 parts, 1.1 parts of manganese fertilizer, 1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 3 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.6 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.8 part of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast 0.5 part of bacterium, 0.7 part of actinomyces, 0.3 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.7 part of silicate bacteria；

S3：Site preparation column：The soil that selection ventilation is on the sunny side, the soil is porous enters before planting as dragon fruit planting base Row site preparation does ridge, 70 meters of ridge length, the high 15cm in ridge, ridge face width 1.2m, ridge spacing 2.8m；The row's of being built into concrete column in plantation ridge, Cement intercolumniation 2.5m, the concrete column is by 2 fixations with steel wire, and a steel wire is fixed on top away from 15cm at the top of concrete column Place, another steel wire be fixed on lower section away from plantation ridge 18cm at；The steel wire is fixed with concrete column by coil；

S4：Field planting：It is field planting area to be set up in plantation ridge every 30cm, and base manure, every mu are done along field planting area organic fertilizer A 2800kg, is transplanted to plantation field planting area, soil 2cm is goed deep into root by the cuttage seeding taken root；

The organic fertilizer A is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：15 parts of oxalic acid, 16 parts of citric acid, wormcast amino acid have Machine fertilizer 5 parts, 15 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 8 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 12 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, 30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 15 parts of mushroom residue, 30 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 20 parts of paulownia bran, 20 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, 8 parts of withered grass, 15 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 10 parts of clover, Chinese milk vetch 20 Part, 0.6 part of 1.2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.5 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.6 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.7 part of boron fertilizer, copper fertilizer, 1.7 parts of manganese fertilizer, 1.2 parts of sulfur fertilizer, rice chaff 6 parts of ash, 0.9 part of De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.3 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, saccharomycete 0.2 Part, 0.6 part of actinomyces, 0.1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.5 part of silicate bacteria, 0.6 part of colloid bacillus cereus, bacillus laterosporus 0.2 part, 0.7 part of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.7 part of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.9 part of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5 part of photosynthetic bacteria；

The nutrient content of the organic fertilizer A is nitrogen 4.3%, P elements 3.9%, 3.8% part of potassium element, magnesium elements 3.1%th, copper 2.6%, manganese element 3.5%, element sulphur 0.3%, organic matter 8.6%, ammonium nitrogen 723ppm, nitrate nitrogen 639ppm, rapid available phosphorus 261ppm, available potassium 463ppm；

S5：Fertigation：Spring fertilizer 3, every mu of 1600kg of organic fertilizer A in April, autumn and winter fertilizer 10, every mu of organic fertilizer B in November 1500kg, 5,7, September apply potassium carbonate, every mu of 3kg of magnesium nitrate；Watered using water-fertilizer integral system, maintenance soil moisture is 60%, spray water soluble organic fertilizer within every 18 days；

The organic fertilizer B is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of oxalic acid, 15 parts of citric acid, wormcast amino acid have 5 parts of machine fertilizer, 12 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 15 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, 30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 20 parts of sheep manure, cigarette 20 parts of powder, 15 parts of mushroom residue, 32 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 30 parts of paulownia bran, 20 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 16 parts of clover, 10 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.5 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.5 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.9 part of boron fertilizer, 0.6 part of copper fertilizer, 2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.9 part of sulfur fertilizer, rice chaff ash 6 Part, 0.3 part of saccharomycete, 0.7 part of actinomyces, 0.1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.7 part of silicate bacteria, 0.6 part of colloid bacillus cereus, 0.6 part of bacillus laterosporus, 0.5 part of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.6 part of bacillus thuringiensis, 1.5 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, De Shi visit leaf 1.2 parts of woods kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.3 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.7 part of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.8 part of photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacterium 1.3 Part, 12 parts of water；

The organic fertilizer B by nutrient content be nitrogen 4.1%, P elements 3.2%, 3.8% part of potassium element, magnesium elements 2.1%th, copper 0.7%, manganese element 3.4%, element sulphur 1.1%, organic matter 20.8%, ammonium nitrogen 733ppm, nitrate nitrogen 653ppm, rapid available phosphorus 273ppm, available potassium 426ppm；

The water soluble organic fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Adjust 0.8 part of phosphine, 0.5 part of alar-85, oxalic acid 15 Part, 10 parts of citric acid, 15 parts of sodium selenate, 10 parts of potassium selenate, 30 parts of water-soluble organic matter, 30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 25 parts of sheep manure, tobacco powder 20 parts, 15 parts of mushroom residue, 10 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 14 parts of clover, 16 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.4 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, boron 0.3 part of fertilizer, 1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 1.2 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.2 part of saccharomycete, 0.7 part of actinomyces, withered grass 0.1 part of bacillus, 0.6 part of silicate bacteria, 50 parts of water；

The nutrient content of the water soluble organic fertilizer is nitrogen 2.4%, P elements 3.7%, potassium element 3.5%, magnesium member Element 2.7%, copper 0.6%, manganese element 3.8%, element sulphur 1.2%, organic matter 4.6%, ammonium nitrogen 713ppm, nitrate nitrogen 647ppm, rapid available phosphorus 289ppm, available potassium 431ppm；

The pruning cuts branch to be climbed up by holding on to when dragon fruit fleshy stem before supreme square steel cord, retain 1 stem；It is curved Seedling length is divided into 3 to truncation during 75cm, vines and naturally droops branch, grows up to fruitful branch；Pick after end, cut off after production fruit every year The vines of aging and vertical the vines sheltered from heat or light, promote new Stem nematode；The flower and fruit thinning, for dragon fruit petal budding 8 days and carry out Artificial flower thinning, every bearing basal shoot stays 1 full bud；Artificial fruit thinning is carried out in young fruit period, and every plant of same phase bears fruit number 1.

Embodiment 2

A kind of dragon fruit cultural method, comprises the following steps：

S2：Cuttage and seedling culture：The thick river sands of 3.5cm are spread in cuttage seedbed bottom, top repaves the thick composts of 2.5cm, stirred Mix uniform, every 3 days with disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seedbed once, sterilize 3 times altogether；The aging bearing basal shoot of screening is used as cuttage kind Seedling, the stem section of clip 30cm length soaks stem section 2min with Bravo, and cuttage is taken root to seedling bed progress cultivation after air-drying；

The compost is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：50 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of wormcast amino acid fertilizer, richness 13 parts of selenium shallot, 5 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 30 parts of mushroom residue, 40 parts of rural area soil, 20 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, withered grass 8 Part, 20 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 20 parts of clover, 10 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.6 part of boron fertilizer, copper fertilizer 0.6 part, 2.0 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8 part of sulfur fertilizer, 4 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.7 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast 0.6 part of bacterium, 0.5 part of actinomyces, 0.9 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.4 part of silicate bacteria；

S3：Site preparation column：The soil that selection ventilation is on the sunny side, the soil is porous enters before planting as dragon fruit planting base Row site preparation does ridge, 80 meters of ridge length, the high 20cm in ridge, ridge face width 1.3m, ridge spacing 2.5m；The row's of being built into concrete column in plantation ridge, Cement intercolumniation 3.0m, the concrete column is by 2 fixations with steel wire, and a steel wire is fixed on top away from 20cm at the top of concrete column Place, another steel wire be fixed on lower section away from plantation ridge 20cm at；The steel wire is fixed with concrete column by coil；

S4：Field planting：It is field planting area to be set up in plantation ridge every 35cm, and base manure, every mu are done along field planting area organic fertilizer A 3000kg, is transplanted to plantation field planting area, soil 3cm is goed deep into root by the cuttage seeding taken root；

The organic fertilizer A is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of oxalic acid, 20 parts of citric acid, wormcast amino acid have Machine fertilizer 8 parts, 10 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 15 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, 10 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 23 parts of mushroom residue, 40 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 26 parts of paulownia bran, 10 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, 10 parts of withered grass, 20 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 16 parts of clover, Chinese milk vetch 10 Part, 0.8 part of 1.4 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.9 part of boron fertilizer, copper fertilizer, 2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, rice chaff 3 parts of ash, 1.2 parts of De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.2 part of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, saccharomycete 0.5 Part, 0.7 part of actinomyces, 0.6 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.7 part of silicate bacteria, 0.7 part of colloid bacillus cereus, bacillus laterosporus 0.4 part, 0.9 part of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.4 part of bacillus thuringiensis, 1.5 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 1.1 parts of photosynthetic bacteria；

The nutrient content of the organic fertilizer A is nitrogen 3.7%, P elements 4.2%, 3.4% part of potassium element, magnesium elements 3.5%th, copper 0.2%, manganese element 3.7%, element sulphur 0.8%, organic matter 7.1%, ammonium nitrogen 765ppm, nitrate nitrogen 667ppm, rapid available phosphorus 278ppm, available potassium 395ppm；

S5：Fertigation：Spring fertilizer 3, every mu of 1700kg of organic fertilizer A in April, autumn and winter fertilizer 10, every mu of organic fertilizer B in November 1300kg, 5,7, September apply potassium carbonate, every mu of 5kg of magnesium sulfate；Watered using water-fertilizer integral system, maintenance soil moisture is 50%, spray water soluble organic fertilizer within every 20 days；

The organic fertilizer B is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：10 parts of oxalic acid, 15 parts of citric acid, wormcast amino acid have 8 parts of machine fertilizer, 13 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 5 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, 42 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 25 parts of sheep manure, cigarette 10 parts of powder, 20 parts of mushroom residue, 30 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 20 parts of paulownia bran, 10 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 16 parts of clover, 15 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.7 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3 part of boron fertilizer, 0.8 part of copper fertilizer, 1.1 parts of manganese fertilizer, 1 part of sulfur fertilizer, rice chaff ash 3 Part, 0.4 part of saccharomycete, 0.5 part of actinomyces, 0.6 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.4 part of silicate bacteria, 0.6 part of colloid bacillus cereus, 0.2 part of bacillus laterosporus, 0.6 part of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.5 part of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.7 part of Streptomyces jingyangensis, De Shi visit leaf 1.2 parts of woods kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.7 part of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.7 part of photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacterium 0.6 Part, 15 parts of water；

The organic fertilizer B by nutrient content be nitrogen 4.8%, P elements 3.5%, 3.4% part of potassium element, magnesium elements 2.6%th, copper 1.8%, manganese element 3.6%, element sulphur 1.8%, organic matter 17.1%, ammonium nitrogen 756ppm, nitrate nitrogen 624ppm, rapid available phosphorus 288ppm, available potassium 450ppm；

The water soluble organic fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Adjust 0.6 part of phosphine, 1.3 parts of alar-85, oxalic acid 10 Part, 20 parts of citric acid, 13 parts of sodium selenate, 8 parts of potassium selenate, 25 parts of water-soluble organic matter, 50 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 20 parts of sheep manure, tobacco powder 15 parts, 30 parts of mushroom residue, 20 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 10 parts of clover, 10 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.6 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, boron 0.9 part of fertilizer, 0.8 part of copper fertilizer, 1.8 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8 part of sulfur fertilizer, 5 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.6 part of saccharomycete, 0.6 part of actinomyces, withered grass 0.9 part of bacillus, 0.4 part of silicate bacteria, 40 parts of water；

The nutrient content of the water soluble organic fertilizer is nitrogen 3.7%, P elements 3.5%, potassium element 2.9%, magnesium member Element 2.3%, copper 1.4%, manganese element 3.7%, element sulphur 0.7%, organic matter 4.3%, ammonium nitrogen 748ppm, nitrate nitrogen 631ppm, rapid available phosphorus 274ppm, available potassium 474ppm；

The pruning cuts branch to be climbed up by holding on to when dragon fruit fleshy stem before supreme square steel cord, retain 1 stem；It is curved Seedling length is divided into 6 to truncation during 80cm, vines and naturally droops branch, grows up to fruitful branch；Pick after end, cut off after production fruit every year The vines of aging and vertical the vines sheltered from heat or light, promote new Stem nematode；The flower and fruit thinning, for dragon fruit petal budding 6 days and carry out Artificial flower thinning, every bearing basal shoot stays 1 full bud；Artificial fruit thinning is carried out in young fruit period, and every plant of same phase bears fruit number 2.

Embodiment 3

A kind of dragon fruit cultural method, comprises the following steps：

S2：Cuttage and seedling culture：The thick river sands of 2.5cm are spread in cuttage seedbed bottom, top repaves the thick composts of 3.0cm, stirred Mix uniform, every 3 days with disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seedbed once, sterilize 2 times altogether；The aging bearing basal shoot of screening is used as cuttage kind Seedling, the stem section of clip 20cm length soaks stem section 3min with Bravo, and cuttage is taken root to seedling bed progress cultivation after air-drying；

The compost is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：60 parts of peat soil, 7 parts of wormcast amino acid fertilizer, richness 15 parts of selenium shallot, 7 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 15 parts of mushroom residue, 20 parts of rural area soil, 10 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, withered grass 10 Part, 10 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 10 parts of clover, 15 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.4 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.5 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.9 part of boron fertilizer, copper fertilizer 0.9 part, 2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 1.1 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.3 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.2 part of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast 0.2 part of bacterium, 0.6 part of actinomyces, 0.1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.6 part of silicate bacteria；

S3：Site preparation column：The soil that selection ventilation is on the sunny side, the soil is porous enters before planting as dragon fruit planting base Row site preparation does ridge, 50 meters of ridge length, the high 18cm in ridge, ridge face width 1.1m, ridge spacing 2.3m；The row's of being built into concrete column in plantation ridge, Cement intercolumniation 2.8m, the concrete column is by 2 fixations with steel wire, and a steel wire is fixed on top away from 19cm at the top of concrete column Place, another steel wire be fixed on lower section away from plantation ridge 15cm at；The steel wire is fixed with concrete column by coil；

S4：Field planting：It is field planting area to be set up in plantation ridge every 33cm, and base manure, every mu are done along field planting area organic fertilizer A 2500kg, is transplanted to plantation field planting area, soil 3cm is goed deep into root by the cuttage seeding taken root；

The organic fertilizer A is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：10 parts of oxalic acid, 10 parts of citric acid, wormcast amino acid have Machine fertilizer 10 parts, 12 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 5 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, 18 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 30 parts of mushroom residue, 20 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 30 parts of paulownia bran, 15 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, 5 parts of withered grass, 10 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 20 parts of clover, Chinese milk vetch 14 Part, 1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.4 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.6 part of boron fertilizer, copper fertilizer 0.6 part, 1.1 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8 part of sulfur fertilizer, 4 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.5 part of De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.7 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.6 part of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, yeast 0.6 part of bacterium, 0.5 part of actinomyces, 0.9 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.4 part of silicate bacteria, 0.5 part of colloid bacillus cereus, side spore bud 0.6 part of spore bacillus, 0.5 part of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.6 part of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.7 part of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.8 part of photosynthetic bacteria；

The nutrient content of the organic fertilizer A is nitrogen 3.7-4.3%, P elements 3.4%, 3.6% part of potassium element, magnesium member Element 3.9%, copper 1.3%, manganese element 3.1%, element sulphur 1.5%, organic matter 7.6%, ammonium nitrogen 797ppm, nitrate nitrogen 612ppm, rapid available phosphorus 296ppm, available potassium 423ppm；

S5：Fertigation：Spring fertilizer 3, every mu of 1500kg of organic fertilizer A in April, autumn and winter fertilizer 10, every mu of organic fertilizer B in November 1400kg, 5,7, September apply potassium carbonate, every mu of 4kg of magnesium sulfate；Watered using water-fertilizer integral system, maintenance soil moisture is 55%, spray water soluble organic fertilizer within every 15 days；

The organic fertilizer B is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：15 parts of oxalic acid, 10 parts of citric acid, wormcast amino acid have 10 parts of machine fertilizer, 10 parts of selenium-rich shallot, 8 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 14 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, 50 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 30 parts of sheep manure, cigarette 20 parts of powder, 30 parts of mushroom residue, 20 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 26 parts of paulownia bran, 14 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 10 parts of clover, 20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.5 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.5 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.6 part of boron fertilizer, 1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.3 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8 part of sulfur fertilizer, rice chaff ash 4 Part, 0.2 part of saccharomycete, 0.6 part of actinomyces, 0.9 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.6 part of silicate bacteria, 0.5 part of colloid bacillus cereus, 0.4 part of bacillus laterosporus, 0.9 part of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.4 part of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.9 part of Streptomyces jingyangensis, De Shi visit leaf 0.5 part of woods kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.7 part of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.2 part of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5 part of photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacterium 0.9 Part, 10 parts of water；

The organic fertilizer B by nutrient content be nitrogen 3.5%, P elements 3.9%, 3.5% part of potassium element, magnesium elements 2.8%th, copper 0.5%, manganese element 3.9%, element sulphur 0.5%, organic matter 18.3%, ammonium nitrogen 702ppm, nitrate nitrogen 636ppm, rapid available phosphorus 294ppm, available potassium 461ppm；

The water soluble organic fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Adjust 0.5 part of phosphine, 0.9 part of alar-85, oxalic acid 20 Part, 15 parts of citric acid, 10 parts of sodium selenate, 5 parts of potassium selenate, 20 parts of water-soluble organic matter, 40 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 30 parts of sheep manure, tobacco powder 10 parts, 25 parts of mushroom residue, 15 parts of the field mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo, 20 parts of clover, 20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.5 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.5 part of zinc fertilizer, 1.5 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, boron 0.6 part of fertilizer, 0.6 part of copper fertilizer, 1.1 parts of manganese fertilizer, 1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 3 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.4 part of saccharomycete, 0.5 part of actinomyces, withered grass 0.5 part of bacillus, 0.7 part of silicate bacteria, 30 parts of water；

The nutrient content of the water soluble organic fertilizer is nitrogen 2.9%, P elements 3.8%, potassium element 2.6%, magnesium member Element 1.8%, copper 0.9%, manganese element 4.1%, element sulphur 0.3%, organic matter 4.1%, ammonium nitrogen 732ppm, nitrate nitrogen 659ppm, rapid available phosphorus 267ppm, available potassium 456ppm；

The pruning cuts branch to be climbed up by holding on to when dragon fruit fleshy stem before supreme square steel cord, retain 1 stem；It is curved Seedling length is divided into 5 to truncation during 70cm, vines and naturally droops branch, grows up to fruitful branch；Pick after end, cut off after production fruit every year The vines of aging and vertical the vines sheltered from heat or light, promote new Stem nematode；The flower and fruit thinning, for dragon fruit petal budding 7 days and carry out Artificial flower thinning, every bearing basal shoot stays 1 full bud；Artificial fruit thinning is carried out in young fruit period, and every plant of same phase bears fruit number 1.

Comparative example 1

Implantation methods are same as Example 1, difference be in compost without microorganism nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Tian Qing, clover, Chinese milk vetch.

Comparative example 2

Implantation methods are same as Example 1, and difference is in organic fertilizer A to be free of microbial bacterial agent.

Comparative example 3

Implantation methods are same as Example 1, and difference is in organic fertilizer B to be free of tobacco powder.

Comparative example 4

Implantation methods are same as Example 1, difference be in water soluble organic fertilizer without oxalic acid, citric acid, Tian Qing, Clover, Chinese milk vetch.

Comparative example 5

Implantation methods are same as Example 1, and difference is to replace organic fertilizer A, organic fertilizer B with composite fertilizer.

Contrast test 1

Dragon fruit plantation contrast test is carried out according to the implantation methods in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-5,1 is planted respectively Mu, and the growth and development state of dragon fruit is tracked after statistics, harvesting records single plant yield, and selenium element in fruit is contained Amount is detected that examination criteria is according to GB/T5009,93-2010《The assay method of selenium in food》, concrete condition is shown in Table 1.

The dragon fruit of table 1 plants upgrowth situation table

It follows that carrying out cultivation management using dragon fruit cultural method of the present invention, the quality and yield of dragon fruit increase Greatly, and good stress resistance, disease rate are low, Se content can reach Chinese selenium-enriched food Se content criteria for classification (tentative) in fruit Scope required by (HB 0001/T-2013) (selenium element content is 0.01-0.50mg/kg).

Contrast test 2

The inventive method passes through substantial amounts of field test, obtains the dragon fruit being of high nutritive value.Randomly select identical quantity The inventive method plantation the same kind dragon fruit B that sells of dragon fruit A and in the market, carry out mouthfeel, outward appearance, nutritional ingredient Contrast, the results are shown in Table 2.

The dragon fruit situation correction data table of table 2

It follows that the dragon fruit planted using the inventive method, outward appearance is good, mouthfeel is good, and nutritional ingredient is more rich.

Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations, for person of an ordinary skill in the technical field, is not departing from On the premise of present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, the present invention should be all considered as belonging to by being submitted Claims determine scope of patent protection.

Claims

1. a kind of dragon fruit cultural method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

S2：Cuttage and seedling culture：The thick river sands of 2.5-3.5cm are spread in cuttage seedbed bottom, top repaves the thick cultures of 2.5-3.5cm Soil, stirs, every 3 days with disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seedbed once, altogether sterilize 2-3 times；The aging bearing basal shoot of screening is made For cuttage seedling, the stem section of clip 20-30cm length soaks stem section 2-3min with Bravo, and cuttage is carried out to seedling bed after air-drying Cultivation is taken root；

S3：Site preparation column：The soil that selection ventilation is on the sunny side, the soil is porous is carried out whole before planting as dragon fruit planting base Ground does ridge, ridge is long 50-80 meters, the high 15-20cm in ridge, ridge face width 1.1-1.3m, ridge spacing 2.5-2.8m；It is built into plantation ridge Row's concrete column, cement intercolumniation 2.5-3.0m, concrete column is by 2 fixations with steel wire, and a steel wire is fixed on top away from concrete column At the 15-20cm of top, another steel wire be fixed on lower section away from plantation ridge 15-20cm at；The steel wire passes through coil with concrete column It is fixed；

S4：Field planting：It is field planting area to be set up in plantation ridge every 30-35cm, and base manure, every mu are made along field planting area organic fertilizer A 2500-3000kg, is transplanted to field planting area, soil 2-3cm is goed deep into root by the cuttage seeding taken root；

S5：Fertigation：Spring fertilizer 3, every mu of 1500-1700kg of organic fertilizer A in April, autumn and winter fertilizer 10, every mu of organic fertilizer B in November 1300-1500kg, 5,7, September potassium application, every mu of 3-5kg of fertiliser containing magnesium；Weather notes watering when arid, keeps ground moistening；Bloom Fruiting period, yields positive results the phase, every to spray water soluble organic fertilizer within 15-20 days；

S6：The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Based on physical control, cultural control, enter with reference to the method supplemented by high-efficiency low-toxicity chemical pesticide The row prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；The physical control is to utilize frequency ventilating type trap lamp, solar energy lamp installed on farms to catch insects in night time, the trapping of male sex pheromone trapper Adult moth pests, yellow haftplatte catches and kills aphid, and release tea seed cake, which is killed, controls nematode；The cultural control in time remove sick branch, flower, Really, the work of cleaning rural area is carried out；The chemical pesticide is 1500 times of AVMs, 2000 times of Imidacloprid Contol ofCotton thrips；

S7：Field management：Including weeding, pruning, flower and fruit thinning；The weeding is the careless film of laying suppression, knot between plantation ridge Close artificial weeding；The pruning cuts branch to be climbed up by holding on to when dragon fruit fleshy stem before supreme square steel cord, retain 1 master Stem；Curved seedling length is divided into 3-6 to truncation during 70-80cm, vines and naturally droops branch, grows up to fruitful branch；Pick every year after end, Cut off the vines of aging and vertical the vines sheltered from heat or light, the new Stem nematode of promotion after production fruit；The flower and fruit thinning, for dragon fruit petal show Flower bud carries out artificial flower thinning in 6-8 days, and every bearing basal shoot stays 1 full bud；Artificial fruit thinning, every plant of same phase are carried out in young fruit period Bear fruit several 1-2.

2. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that compost is by following heavy in the step S2 The raw material of amount part is made：40-60 parts of peat soil, 5-10 parts of wormcast amino acid fertilizer, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich shallot, selenium-rich take off 5-10 parts of water cucumber, 10-30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, 20-40 parts of rural area soil, 10-20 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, withered grass 5-10 Part, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, molydbenum fertilizer 1.5- 1.8 parts, it is 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8-1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, brown It is 0.3-0.7 parts of ball nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.2-1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, withered Careless bacillus 0.1-0.9 parts, 0.4-0.7 parts of silicate bacteria.

3. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step S4 organic fertilizers A is by following heavy The raw material of amount part is made：10-20 parts of oxalic acid, 10-20 parts of citric acid, 5-10 parts of wormcast amino acid fertilizer, selenium-rich shallot 10- 15 parts, 5-10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, 10-30 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, sulfenyl 20-40 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 20-30 parts of paulownia bran, 10-20 parts of leaf of Japanese banana, 5-10 parts of withered grass, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, clover 10- 20 parts, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, copper Fertile 0.6-1.2 parts, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 0.8-1.5 parts of sulfur fertilizer, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria 0.5- 1.2 parts, 0.3-0.7 parts of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.2-1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, actinomyces 0.5- 0.7 part, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.4-0.7 parts of silicate bacteria, 0.5-0.7 parts of colloid bacillus cereus, side spore gemma 0.2-0.6 parts of bacillus, 0.5-0.9 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.4-0.7 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, 0.7-1.5 parts of Streptomyces jingyangensis, 0.5-1.1 parts of photosynthetic bacteria.

4. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the nutrient content of the organic fertilizer A is nitrogen Element 3.7-4.3%, P elements 3.4-4.2%, 3.4-3.8% parts of potassium element, magnesium elements 3.1-3.9%, copper 0.2- 2.6%th, manganese element 3.1-3.7%, element sulphur 0.3-1.5%, organic matter 7.1-8.6%, ammonium nitrogen 723-797ppm, nitrate nitrogen 612-667ppm, rapid available phosphorus 261-296ppm, available potassium 395-463ppm.

5. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that organic fertilizer B is by following in the step S5 The raw material of parts by weight is made：10-20 parts of oxalic acid, 10-20 parts of citric acid, 5-10 parts of wormcast amino acid fertilizer, selenium-rich shallot 10-15 parts, 5-10 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated cucumber, 10-15 parts of selenium-rich dehydrated Chinese cabbage, 30-50 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, tobacco powder 10-20 parts, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, 20-40 parts of sulfenyl nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 20-30 parts of paulownia bran, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, clover 10- 20 parts, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, 0.3-0.5 parts of zinc fertilizer, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, copper Fertile 0.6-1.2 parts, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, 2 parts of sulfur fertilizer 0.8-1.5 parts, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, actinomyces 0.5-0.7 parts, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, 0.4-0.7 parts of silicate bacteria, 0.5-0.7 parts of colloid bacillus cereus, side spore 0.2-0.6 parts of bacillus, 0.5-0.9 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 0.4-0.7 parts of bacillus thuringiensis, Streptomyces jingyangensis 0.7-1.5 Part, 0.5-1.2 parts of De Shi Bai Yelin kirschner nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.3-0.7 parts of blown-ball Azotobacter, 0.2-1.0 parts of Wei Nielande nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5-1.1 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.6-1.3 parts of cyanobacterium, 10-15 parts of water.

6. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the nutrient content of the organic fertilizer B is nitrogen Element 3.5-4.8%, P elements 3.2-3.9%, 3.4-3.8% parts of potassium element, magnesium elements 2.1-2.8%, copper 0.5- 1.8%th, manganese element 3.4-3.9%, element sulphur 0.5-1.8%, organic matter 17.1-20.8%, ammonium nitrogen 702-756ppm, nitre state Nitrogen 624-653ppm, rapid available phosphorus 273-294ppm, available potassium 426-461ppm.

7. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step S5 water soluble organic fertilizer by The raw material of following parts by weight is made：Adjust 0.5-0.8 parts of phosphine, 0.5-1.3 parts of alar-85,10-20 parts of oxalic acid, 10-20 parts of citric acid, 10-15 parts of sodium selenate, 5-10 parts of potassium selenate, 20-30 parts of water-soluble organic matter, 30-50 parts of Oletum Columba livia, 20-30 parts of sheep manure, tobacco powder 10-20 parts, 15-30 parts of mushroom residue, mountain valley with clumps of trees and bamboo 10-20 parts of field, 10-20 parts of clover, 10-20 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 1.2-1.7 parts of iron fertilizer, zinc Fertile 0.3-0.5 parts, 1.5-1.8 parts of molydbenum fertilizer, 0.3-0.9 parts of boron fertilizer, 0.6-1.2 parts of copper fertilizer, 1.1-2.5 parts of manganese fertilizer, sulfur fertilizer 0.8- 1.5 parts, 3-6 parts of rice chaff ash, 0.2-0.6 parts of saccharomycete, 0.5-0.7 parts of actinomyces, 0.1-0.9 parts of bacillus subtilis, silicic acid 0.4-0.7 parts of salt bacterium, 30-50 parts of water.

8. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the nutrient content of the water soluble organic fertilizer For nitrogen 2.4-3.7%, P elements 3.5-3.8%, potassium element 2.6-3.5%, magnesium elements 1.8-2.7%, copper 0.6- 1.4%th, manganese element 3.7-4.1%, element sulphur 0.3-1.2%, organic matter 4.1-4.6%, ammonium nitrogen 713-748ppm, nitrate nitrogen 631-659ppm, rapid available phosphorus 267-289ppm, available potassium 431-474ppm.

9. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that potash fertilizer in the step S5, be potassium carbonate, Fertiliser containing magnesium is magnesium sulfate or magnesium nitrate.

10. dragon fruit cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that soil moisture is 50- in the step S5 60%.