CN110591720A - Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil conditioner, which is characterized in that: the preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 5-10 parts of chitin, 5-10 parts of aluminum stearate, 10-20 parts of palmitic acid, 1-5 parts of stearic acid, 1-5 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 1-5 parts of methyl cocoate, 1-5 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 60-80 parts of water. The pH value of the soil can be adjusted, the formation of a soil aggregate structure is promoted, the permeability of the soil is enhanced, the pH value and the alkalization degree of the soil can be effectively reduced, the seed germination rate of the Chinese cabbage is improved, and meanwhile, the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by the invention can also increase the number of soil microorganisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil improvement agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a general term for various salinized soil and alkaline soil. Saline-alkali soil is one of the serious ecological environment problems faced by global agriculture nowadays, which causes serious influence on agricultural sustainable development, and how to properly solve the problem of soil salinization is a difficult task. Because the soil body contains a large amount of saline-alkali components and has poor physicochemical properties, the growth of plants is inhibited and even can not grow. The saline-alkali soil is widely distributed in China, wherein the northwest, the north China, the northeast and the coastal areas are main distribution areas of the saline-alkali soil in China, and are influenced by factors such as regional climate, terrain, mother quality, hydrogeology, biology and the like, and the saline-alkali soil is various in types and has the characteristics of obvious seasonality, strong apparent aggregation, higher heterogeneity, type complexity, salt accumulation and desalting repeatability and the like. The saline-alkali soil improvement is based on the principle of local adjustment and comprehensive improvement, and the saline-alkali soil is actively cultivated and fertilized while salt discharge, salt isolation and salt prevention are carried out, so that the aim of efficiently utilizing the saline-alkali soil is achieved, and at present, the domestic saline-alkali soil control technology mainly comprises the following steps: water conservancy improvement technology, physical improvement technology, chemical improvement technology, biological improvement technology and the like. The water conservancy improvement technology adopted at present comprises channels, blind channels, plant stream transpiration, well irrigation and well drainage and the like. The main measures for physical treatment of the saline-alkali soil comprise land leveling, deep ploughing and soil loosening, scientific cultivation, flushing and salt removing and the like, and the current situation of soil salinization can be relieved to a certain extent. Under the action of physical improvement technology, the volume weight of saline-alkali soil is reduced, the porosity and permeability of soil are increased, the water movement of soil is adjusted, and the soil fertility is improved. Chemical modification techniques work by applying chemically modified materials, which mainly include: gypsum, fly ash, citric acid, black alum, phosphogypsum and the like. After the modified material is applied, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are changed, and the acidity is increased. The chemical improvement is to apply some acidic salt substances to improve the property of saline-alkali soil, reduce the pH value of the soil, increase the cation replacement capacity of the soil, reduce the salt content of the soil, enhance the activity of microorganisms and enzymes in the soil and promote the growth of plant roots. Improving the physical property of soil, increasing the granular structure of soil, coordinating the water, fertilizer and gas heat of soil and increasing the fertility of soil. The saline-alkali soil is improved by biological measures in the traditional sense, namely the saline-alkali soil is improved by plants, the method is easy to implement, and the economic benefit is obvious. The biological measures can gradually change the physical characteristics of the soil, so that the soil structure is changed, the texture becomes loose, and the air permeability and water storage capacity are enhanced. However, the current saline-alkali soil conditioner has single function, unobvious improvement effect and unstable effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a saline-alkali soil conditioner which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 5-10 parts of chitin, 5-10 parts of aluminum stearate, 10-20 parts of palmitic acid, 1-5 parts of stearic acid, 1-5 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 1-5 parts of methyl cocoate, 1-5 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 60-80 parts of water.
Preferably, the preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 6-8 parts of chitin, 6-8 parts of aluminum stearate, 12-18 parts of palmitic acid, 2-4 parts of stearic acid, 2-4 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 2-4 parts of methyl cocoate, 2-4 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 68-74 parts of water.
More preferably, the preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 7 parts of chitin, 7 parts of aluminum stearate, 15 parts of palmitic acid, 3 parts of stearic acid, 3 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 3 parts of methyl cocoate, 3 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 72 parts of water.
The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 50-70% of the total amount of the formula water with the formula amount of calcium sulfate dihydrate and aluminum stearate, heating to 62-70 ℃, stirring for 28-44 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture A;
(2) mixing the rest water with chitin, palmitic acid, stearic acid, ammonium dihydrogen citrate, methyl cocoate and persimmon powder according to formula dosage, heating to 42-54 ℃, stirring for 1.5-2.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture B;
(3) and (2) uniformly mixing the mixture A and the mixture B obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the step (1) is 64-68 ℃, and the stirring time is 30-40 minutes.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the step (2) is 48-52 ℃, and the stirring time is 1.8-2.2 hours.
More preferably, the heating temperature of the step (1) is 66 ℃ and the stirring time is 35 minutes.
More preferably, the heating temperature of the step (2) is 50 ℃ and the stirring time is 2 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by the invention can adjust the pH value of soil, promote the formation of a soil aggregate structure, enhance the permeability of the soil, effectively reduce the pH value and the alkalization degree of the soil and improve the seed germination rate of the Chinese cabbage through a specific formula, and meanwhile, the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by the invention can also increase the number of soil microorganisms.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The experimental methods in the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, were generally conducted under conventional conditions. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 5 parts of chitin, 5 parts of aluminum stearate, 10 parts of palmitic acid, 1 part of stearic acid, 1 part of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 1 part of methyl cocoate, 1 part of persimmon leaf powder and 60 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 50% of the total amount of the formula water with the formula amount of calcium sulfate dihydrate and aluminum stearate, heating to 62 ℃, stirring for 28 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture A;
(2) mixing the rest water with chitin, palmitic acid, stearic acid, ammonium dihydrogen citrate, methyl cocoate and persimmon powder according to formula dosage, heating to 42 ℃, stirring for 1.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture B;
(3) and (2) uniformly mixing the mixture A and the mixture B obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner.
Example 2 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 10 parts of chitin, 10 parts of aluminum stearate, 20 parts of palmitic acid, 5 parts of stearic acid, 5 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 5 parts of methyl cocoate, 5 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 80 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 70% of the total amount of the formula water with the calcium sulfate dihydrate and the aluminum stearate in the formula amount, heating to 70 ℃, stirring for 44 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture A;
(2) mixing the rest water with chitin, palmitic acid, stearic acid, ammonium dihydrogen citrate, methyl cocoate and persimmon powder according to formula dosage, heating to 54 ℃, stirring for 2.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture B;
(3) and (2) uniformly mixing the mixture A and the mixture B obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner.
Example 3 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 6 parts of chitin, 6 parts of aluminum stearate, 12 parts of palmitic acid, 2 parts of stearic acid, 2 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 2 parts of methyl cocoate, 2 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 68 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 52 percent of the total amount of the formula water with the calcium sulfate dihydrate and the aluminum stearate in the formula amount, heating to 64 ℃, stirring for 30 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture A;
(2) mixing the rest water with chitin, palmitic acid, stearic acid, ammonium dihydrogen citrate, methyl cocoate and persimmon powder according to formula dosage, heating to 48 ℃, stirring for 1.8 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture B;
(3) and (2) uniformly mixing the mixture A and the mixture B obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner.
Example 4 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 8 parts of chitin, 8 parts of aluminum stearate, 18 parts of palmitic acid, 4 parts of stearic acid, 4 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 4 parts of methyl cocoate, 4 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 74 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 67% of the total amount of the formula water with the calcium sulfate dihydrate and the aluminum stearate in the formula amount, heating to 68 ℃, stirring for 30-40 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture A;
(2) mixing the rest water with chitin, palmitic acid, stearic acid, ammonium dihydrogen citrate, methyl cocoate and persimmon powder according to formula dosage, heating to 52 ℃, stirring for 2.2 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture B;
(3) and (2) uniformly mixing the mixture A and the mixture B obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner.
Example 5 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 7 parts of chitin, 7 parts of aluminum stearate, 15 parts of palmitic acid, 3 parts of stearic acid, 3 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 3 parts of methyl cocoate, 3 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 72 parts of water.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 63% of the total amount of the formula water with the calcium sulfate dihydrate and the aluminum stearate in the formula amount, heating to 66 ℃, stirring for 35 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture A;
(2) mixing the rest water with chitin, palmitic acid, stearic acid, ammonium dihydrogen citrate, methyl cocoate and persimmon powder according to formula dosage, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 2 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture B;
(3) and (2) uniformly mixing the mixture A and the mixture B obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner.
Comparative example 1 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials and the preparation method are basically the same as those in example 5, and the difference from example 5 is that: the raw materials for preparation do not contain palmitic acid.
Comparative example 2 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials and the preparation method are basically the same as those in example 5, and the difference from example 5 is as follows: the raw materials for preparation do not contain chitin.
Comparative example 3 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials and the preparation method are basically the same as those in example 5, and the difference from example 5 is as follows: the raw materials for preparation do not contain palmitic acid and chitin.
Comparative example 4 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials and the preparation method are basically the same as those of the example 1, and the difference from the example 1 is as follows: the raw materials for preparation do not contain persimmon leaf powder.
Comparative example 5 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials and the preparation method are basically the same as those of the example 1, and the difference from the example 1 is as follows: the preparation raw materials do not contain stearic acid.
Comparative example 6 saline-alkali soil conditioner
The preparation raw materials and the preparation method are basically the same as those of the example 1, and the difference from the example 1 is that: the raw materials for preparation do not contain persimmon leaf powder and stearic acid.
The saline-alkali soil amendment prepared in the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 6 was added to the soil at a dosage of 500 kg/mu, while the chinese cabbages were planted separately using the saline-alkali soil without any amendment as a control, and the germination rates of the seeds of the chinese cabbages were counted after 10 days, in each of the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 6, 10 soil samples were taken according to the same sampling conditions, and the average values of pH, alkalinization degree (%) and the average value of microbial content (%) and the germination rate (%) were calculated as shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 saline-alkali soil Properties and Germination Rate
The improvement effect on bacteria is shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 bacterial content in saline-alkali soil
| Bacterium (10)6cfu/g) | |
| Control group | 3.2 |
| Example 1 | 28.2 |
| Example 2 | 32.6 |
| Example 3 | 25.5 |
| Example 4 | 31.1 |
| Example 5 | 33.5 |
| Comparative example 4 | 13.5 |
| Comparative example 5 | 10.3 |
| Comparative example 6 | 9.8 |
From the table 1 and the table 2, the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by the invention can effectively reduce the pH value and the alkalization degree of soil and improve the seed germination rate of the Chinese cabbage, and meanwhile, the saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by the invention can also increase the number of soil bacteria.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art; where combinations of features are mutually inconsistent or impractical, such combinations should not be considered as being absent and not within the scope of the claimed invention.
Claims (8)
1. A saline-alkali soil conditioner is characterized in that: the preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 5-10 parts of chitin, 5-10 parts of aluminum stearate, 10-20 parts of palmitic acid, 1-5 parts of stearic acid, 1-5 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 1-5 parts of methyl cocoate, 1-5 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 60-80 parts of water.
2. The saline-alkali soil amendment of claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 6-8 parts of chitin, 6-8 parts of aluminum stearate, 12-18 parts of palmitic acid, 2-4 parts of stearic acid, 2-4 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 2-4 parts of methyl cocoate, 2-4 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 68-74 parts of water.
3. The saline-alkali soil amendment of claim 2, characterized in that: the preparation raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of calcium sulfate dihydrate, 7 parts of chitin, 7 parts of aluminum stearate, 15 parts of palmitic acid, 3 parts of stearic acid, 3 parts of diammonium hydrogen citrate, 3 parts of methyl cocoate, 3 parts of persimmon leaf powder and 72 parts of water.
4. A saline-alkali soil amendment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing 50-70% of the total amount of the formula water with the formula amount of calcium sulfate dihydrate and aluminum stearate, heating to 62-70 ℃, stirring for 28-44 minutes, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture A;
(2) mixing the rest water with chitin, palmitic acid, stearic acid, ammonium dihydrogen citrate, methyl cocoate and persimmon powder according to formula dosage, heating to 42-54 ℃, stirring for 1.5-2.5 hours, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixture B;
(3) and (2) uniformly mixing the mixture A and the mixture B obtained in the step (1), and drying to obtain the saline-alkali soil conditioner.
5. The saline-alkali soil amendment according to claim 4, characterized in that: the heating temperature of the step (1) is 64-68 ℃, and the stirring time is 30-40 minutes.
6. The saline-alkali soil amendment of claim 5, characterized in that: the heating temperature of the step (2) is 48-52 ℃, and the stirring time is 1.8-2.2 hours.
7. The saline-alkali soil amendment of claim 5, characterized in that: the heating temperature of the step (1) is 66 ℃, and the stirring time is 35 minutes.
8. The saline-alkali soil amendment of claim 6, characterized in that: the heating temperature of the step (2) is 50 ℃, and the stirring time is 2 hours.
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| CN111394105A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-07-10 | 周伟 | Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN114316998A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-12 | 利奥生态科技集团有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN114365602A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-19 | 河北建工集团生态环境有限公司 | Method for manufacturing ecological seed balls rich in granular structures |
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| CN114365602A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-04-19 | 河北建工集团生态环境有限公司 | Method for manufacturing ecological seed balls rich in granular structures |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |