CN107603639B - Saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner and a preparation method thereof, wherein the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of calcium salt, 5-10 parts of sorbitol solution, 20-25 parts of urea phosphate and 5-25 parts of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: injecting purified water into the reaction kettle, heating to 65-75 ℃, adding calcium salt, mixing and stirring until the calcium salt is dissolved; and (3) maintaining the temperature at 65-75 ℃, injecting sorbitol solution into the reaction kettle, preserving the temperature for 1-2 hours, adding urea phosphate and phosphorous acid dissolved by hot water, mixing and stirring for 5-7 hours, stopping heating, continuing stirring, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner. The saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner has the advantages of environmental friendliness, small using amount, quick saline-alkali soil salinity improvement effect, direct absorption and utilization of crops and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The saline-alkali soil has poor physicochemical properties, high salinity and high alkalinity, soil humus is leached, the soil structure is damaged, the soil is sticky when wet and hard when dry, white salt is always deposited on the soil surface, ventilation and water permeation are poor, plant wilting, poisoning and root rot death can be caused seriously, and the toxicity to plants is great. The salinization of the soil has the advantages that the soil conditions on which crops live are only damaged, the growth of the crops is affected, the crops are caused to be seedling-lacking or dead, and the development of agricultural production is hindered, and the salinization of the soil is an important limiting factor for the local development of agricultural economy.
There are many methods for improving saline-alkali soil, including the traditional methods: the physical improvement method comprises two membrane methods, soil dressing, sand pressing, salt isolation layer, salt discharge pipe, salt isolation bag method and the like, and the chemical improvement method mainly uses chemical substances to weaken the alkalinity of soil and improve the soil quality. The biological modification method mainly utilizes beneficial flora to absorb soil salt, convert organic matters in soil and neutralize soil alkalinity so as to achieve the improvement effect. The chemical improvement is a measure for improving large-area soil, has the advantages of quick response and obvious effect, and the finding of a high-quality and low-price chemical improver is a better way for improving the soil property of saline-alkali soil.
The traditional saline-alkali soil salinity chemical improvement method adopts gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium superphosphate, humic acid, peat, vinegar residue and the like to improve the saline-alkali soil. At present, gypsum, phosphogypsum and calcium superphosphate are widely used, the cost performance is high, sodium ions in saline-alkali soil are replaced, alkaline earth is changed into sulfate ions, the harm of sulfate to plants is only 1/5 of carbonate ions, and the obtained sodium sulfate ions can be quickly washed away by salt drainage through a concealed pipe. The method has the following defects: 1) the gypsum has large dosage, contains more chloride ions, heavy metal ions and the like, and is unfavorable for the growth of crops. 2) The phosphogypsum treatment effect is not obvious, the time of two or three years is generally needed for planting crops, and after the phosphogypsum is applied to a slight saline-alkali soil for treatment, the germination rate of the crops is still low and the growth vigor of the crops in the later period is not good. 3) The excessive phosphogypsum contains a large amount of insoluble calcium salt, which is not beneficial to crop absorption, soil hardening, washing away, root burning and seedling burning phenomena in the later period, crop growth and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner which is environment-friendly, has small using amount, takes effect quickly in improving the saline-alkali soil salinity and can be directly absorbed and utilized by crops, and the preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of calcium salt, 5-10 parts of sorbitol solution, 20-25 parts of urea phosphate and 5-25 parts of water.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-55 parts of calcium salt, 5-8 parts of sorbitol solution, 20-22 parts of urea phosphate and 10-20 parts of water.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 52 parts of calcium salt, 5.6 parts of sorbitol solution, 21.2 parts of urea phosphate and 21.2 parts of water.
Preferably, the calcium salt is calcium nitrate.
Preferably, the following components are also included: an inorganic acid.
Preferably, the inorganic acid is phosphorous acid.
As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner, which comprises the following steps:
injecting purified water into the reaction kettle, heating to 65-75 ℃, adding calcium salt, mixing and stirring until the calcium salt is dissolved; and (3) maintaining the temperature at 65-75 ℃, injecting sorbitol solution into the reaction kettle, preserving the temperature for 1-2 hours, adding urea phosphate and phosphorous acid dissolved by hot water, mixing and stirring for 5-7 hours, stopping heating, continuing stirring, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner.
Preferably, the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner has the density of 1.45-1.47 g/mL and the calcium content of more than or equal to 160 g/L; the content of the sorbitol solution is more than or equal to 100g/L, the content of the urea phosphate is more than or equal to 100g/L, and the content pH value is 5.5-7.0.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the main component of the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner is sugar alcohol calcium which is biosoluble active calcium and can provide a large amount of free active calcium ions for soil. The soil is treated in the first stage, the water content of the saline-alkali soil is firstly adjusted, then the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner is evenly mixed with the surface soil of the saline-alkali soil, covering with film and keeping moisture for a period of time to make sugar alcohol calcium fully react with free sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate in the soil to generate calcium bicarbonate, calcium phosphate and sodium sulfate to reduce the alkalinity of the soil, the calcium ions replace sodium ions in the colloid complex to change sodium-clay into calcium-clay, reduce the pH value of the soil, activate the activity of soil nutrient elements, supplement trace elements in the soil and the like, and promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, prevent the crusting of the soil epidermis, increase the infiltration capacity of the soil, and then leaching treatment is carried out, so that water can smoothly permeate into the soil, harmful ions such as sodium ions in the soil are taken away, the content of the sodium ions in the soil is reduced by more than 50%, and the salinization degree of the saline-alkali soil is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, a small amount of sugar alcohol calcium is enriched in soil and can be directly absorbed by crops, so that the sugar alcohol calcium is good for the absorption of the crops, heavy metals, chloride ions and the like are not deposited in the soil, and the sugar alcohol calcium is economic and environment-friendly and is worthy of wide popularization. The invention can provide sufficient soluble calcium for soil, and sodium ions in the colloid complex are replaced, thereby reducing the alkalization degree in the soil, promoting the formation of a soil granular structure, preventing the crust of the soil epidermis, reducing the pH value of the soil and increasing the permeability of the soil. In addition, the sugar alcohol calcium is a calcium fertilizer which has no pollution to the environment and no phytotoxicity to crops, is easy to be absorbed by the crops, corrects the symptom of calcium deficiency of the crops, and effectively prevents physiological diseases such as fruit cracking, poor taste, bitter pox, water core disease, black core disease, navel rot, leaf scorch and the like caused by calcium absorption disorder.
And secondly, the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner is added with urea phosphate, and the product can reduce the pH of the alkaline soil, inhibit the volatilization of ammonia nitrogen, improve the activity of calcium salt, improve the nutrient utilization rate, improve the soil texture and simultaneously enhance the stress resistance of crops by virtue of the acidification characteristic of the product.
2. If the soil to be improved is a severe saline-alkali soil, a small amount of inorganic acid solution can be supplemented in the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner, so that the pH value of the soil can be effectively improved. The inorganic acid is preferably phosphorous acid, the phosphorous acid can slowly release pH value and effectively and permanently regulate the pH value, and in addition, the phosphorous acid also has the functions of promoting the growth of crops and improving the disease resistance of the crops.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to specific preferred embodiments, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
Example 1:
the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of calcium salt, 5 parts of sorbitol solution, 22 parts of urea phosphate and 25 parts of water.
The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner comprises the following steps:
cleaning a reaction kettle with purified water, pumping a plurality of purified water into the reaction kettle, heating to 70 ℃, putting 50 parts of calcium nitrate into the reaction kettle, and properly heating to maintain the feeding temperature at about 50 ℃ so as to fully dissolve solids; after the calcium salt is fed, heating to 65-70 ℃, mixing and stirring, and fully dissolving the solid; 5 parts of sorbitol solution is pumped into the reaction kettle, the temperature is kept to 65-70 ℃, the temperature is kept for 2 hours, 22 parts of urea phosphate fully dissolved by hot water is added, the temperature is kept to 70-75 ℃, the mixture is stirred for 7 hours, heating is stopped, the mixture is continuously stirred, and the temperature is naturally reduced to the room temperature, so that clear liquid is obtained, namely the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner in the embodiment.
Example 2:
cleaning a reaction kettle with purified water, pumping a plurality of purified water into the reaction kettle, heating to 70 ℃, putting 50 parts of calcium nitrate into the reaction kettle, and properly heating to maintain the feeding temperature at about 50 ℃ so as to fully dissolve solids; after the calcium salt is fed, heating to 65-70 ℃, mixing and stirring, and fully dissolving the solid; 5 parts of sorbitol solution is pumped into the reaction kettle, the temperature is kept to 65-70 ℃, after 2 hours of heat preservation, 20 parts of urea phosphate fully dissolved by hot water is added, the temperature is kept to 70-75 ℃, after 7 hours of mixing and stirring, heating is stopped, stirring is continued, and the temperature is naturally reduced to room temperature, so that clear liquid is obtained, namely the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner of the embodiment.
Example 3:
cleaning a reaction kettle with purified water, pumping a plurality of purified water into the reaction kettle, heating to 70 ℃, putting 50 parts of calcium nitrate into the reaction kettle, and properly heating to maintain the feeding temperature at about 50 ℃ so as to fully dissolve solids; after the calcium salt is fed, heating to 65-70 ℃, mixing and stirring, and fully dissolving the solid; 5 parts of sorbitol solution is pumped into the reaction kettle, the temperature is kept to 65-70 ℃, 23 parts of urea phosphate fully dissolved by hot water is added after the temperature is kept for 2 hours, the temperature is kept to 70-75 ℃, the mixture is stirred for 7 hours, heating is stopped, stirring is continued, and the temperature is naturally reduced to the room temperature, so that clear liquid is obtained, namely the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner in the embodiment.
Example 4:
cleaning a reaction kettle with purified water, pumping a plurality of purified water into the reaction kettle, heating to 70 ℃, putting 50 parts of calcium nitrate into the reaction kettle, and properly heating to maintain the feeding temperature at about 50 ℃ so as to fully dissolve solids; after the calcium salt is fed, heating to 65-70 ℃, mixing and stirring, and fully dissolving the solid; 5 parts of sorbitol solution is pumped into the reaction kettle, the temperature is kept to 65-70 ℃, after 2 hours of heat preservation, 21 parts of urea phosphate and 1 part of phosphorous acid which are fully dissolved by hot water are added, the temperature is kept to 70-75 ℃, after 7 hours of mixing and stirring, heating is closed, stirring is continued, and the temperature is naturally reduced to room temperature, so that clear liquid is obtained, namely the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner of the embodiment.
Effect verification: adjusting 6 sunflower planting fields with the area of 1 mu, wherein 4 sunflower planting fields are adjusted according to the embodiment of the invention, and the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner obtained in the embodiment is diluted by water by 100-500 times and irrigated for 2-5 times at an interval period of 10-15 days to serve as an experimental group. The land is also regulated by the conventional phosphogypsum acidity regulator on the market as a control group 1, and the final land is not regulated as a control group 2. The results of the determination and comparison of the pH value of the soil and the change of the EC value of the soil before and after the adjustment of each object are shown in the following table:
the table shows that the EC and pH value of each cell before and after the soil conditioner treatment is changed, and the EC value is reduced by about 4 units in the experimental group of the invention, which shows that the application of the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner of the invention has obvious effect on reducing the EC value of the soil.
The pH value and EC value of the soil conditioner adopting the commercial phosphogypsum in the control area are slightly changed and are not obviously changed from those in the experimental group. The untreated control blank of control 2 showed no significant changes in EC and pH values.
Therefore, the pH value of the soil treated by the soil conditioner prepared by the research method is obviously reduced, and the application of the soil conditioner has obvious effect of inhibiting the increase of the pH value of the saline-alkali soil. The EC value can be effectively reduced, and the soil can meet the planting requirement of crops.
Although the present application has been described with reference to a few embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 52 parts of calcium nitrate, 5.6 parts of sorbitol solution, 21.2 parts of urea phosphate and 21.2 parts of water; firstly, injecting purified water into a reaction kettle, heating to 65-75 ℃, then adding calcium nitrate, mixing and stirring until calcium salt is dissolved; maintaining the temperature at 65-75 ℃, injecting sorbitol solution into the reaction kettle, preserving the temperature for 1-2 hours, adding urea phosphate dissolved by hot water, mixing and stirring for 5-7 hours, stopping heating, continuing stirring, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the saline-alkali soil salinity conditioner; the density is 1.45-1.47 g/mL, and the calcium content is more than or equal to 160 g/L; the content of the sorbitol solution is more than or equal to 100g/L, the content of the urea phosphate is more than or equal to 100g/L, and the content pH value is 5.5-7.0.
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| CN113501732A (en) * | 2021-08-07 | 2021-10-15 | 五家渠铭彬农业专业合作社 | Soil saline-alkali improving fertilizer based on biogas slurry and preparation method thereof |
| CN114409480A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-29 | 新疆农业大学 | Soil moisture accumulation and soil improvement fertilizer for saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102816569A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-12 | 蒋萧阳 | Saline-alkaline soil amendment and application thereof |
| CN103588564A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-19 | 华南农业大学 | Sugar alcohol calcium magnesium zinc boron compound liquid fertilizer and preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN103923661A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 杜小莉 | Compound type saline alkali soil improver and preparation method thereof |
| CN105123759A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-12-09 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Saline-alkali tolerant plant growth promoter |
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- 2017-11-02 CN CN201711064991.XA patent/CN107603639B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102816569A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-12 | 蒋萧阳 | Saline-alkaline soil amendment and application thereof |
| CN103588564A (en) * | 2013-11-07 | 2014-02-19 | 华南农业大学 | Sugar alcohol calcium magnesium zinc boron compound liquid fertilizer and preparation method and applications thereof |
| CN103923661A (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-07-16 | 杜小莉 | Compound type saline alkali soil improver and preparation method thereof |
| CN105123759A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-12-09 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Saline-alkali tolerant plant growth promoter |
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Effective date of registration: 20200909 Address after: 011517 the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hohhot city Shengle Economic Zone Shengle five Street South Applicant after: INNER MONGOLIA MONGOLIAN GRASS ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT (Group) Ltd. Applicant after: Inner Mongolia mengcao Mining Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: The grand village of Wuyuan County, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Bayannaoer City Longxing 015199 Chang Zhen An Agency Applicant before: INNER MONGOLIA MENGCAO SOIL REMEDIATION AND SALINE ALKALI LAND IMPROVEMENT TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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