CN112521230A - Preparation method of special composite bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil - Google Patents

Preparation method of special composite bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil Download PDF

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CN112521230A
CN112521230A CN201910877599.XA CN201910877599A CN112521230A CN 112521230 A CN112521230 A CN 112521230A CN 201910877599 A CN201910877599 A CN 201910877599A CN 112521230 A CN112521230 A CN 112521230A
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saline
alkali soil
soil
bacterial fertilizer
fermentation
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王胜
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Shandong Sunway Saline Alkali Soil Technology Co Ltd
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Shandong Sunway Saline Alkali Soil Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a special composite bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing materials: mixing materials of bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, trehalose, furfural residues, diatomite and water (2): uniformly mixing bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, furfural residues, kieselguhr and water according to the ingredients, performing primary fermentation, adding trehalose, and performing secondary fermentation. (3) Crushing: and (3) drying and crushing the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), and packaging to obtain the special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil. According to the compound bacterial fertilizer special for the saline-alkali soil, disclosed by the invention, microorganisms of the compound bacterial fertilizer can loosen the soil, improve the soil hardening condition, reduce the salt content of the soil, improve the organic matter content of the soil and effectively reduce the pH value of the soil of the saline-alkali soil.

Description

Preparation method of special composite bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a preparation method of a special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a general term for various salinized soil and alkaline soil. Saline-alkali soil is one of the serious ecological environment problems faced by global agriculture nowadays, which causes serious influence on agricultural sustainable development, and how to properly solve the soil salinization problem is a difficult task, and at present, the domestic salinization soil control technology mainly comprises: water conservancy improvement technology, physical improvement technology, chemical improvement technology, biological improvement technology and the like. The water conservancy improvement technology adopted at present comprises channels, blind channels, plant stream transpiration, well irrigation and well drainage and the like. The main measures for physical treatment of the saline-alkali soil comprise land leveling, deep ploughing and soil loosening, scientific cultivation, flushing and salt removing and the like, and the current situation of soil salinization can be relieved to a certain extent. Under the action of physical improvement technology, the volume weight of saline-alkali soil is reduced, the porosity and permeability of soil are increased, the water movement of soil is adjusted, and the soil fertility is improved. Chemical modification techniques work by applying chemically modified materials, which mainly include: gypsum, fly ash, citric acid, black alum, phosphogypsum and the like. After the modified material is applied, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are changed, and the acidity is increased. In the means for improving the saline-alkali soil of the soil, the biological improvement technology has better improvement effect compared with other technical means. The saline-alkali soil is improved by perfect biological measures, and the saline-alkali soil improvement method has the advantages of high desalination rate, long effect duration, strong stability, no water and soil loss and ecological balance maintenance. The biological improvement technology mainly comprises: cultivating salt-tolerant plants, and treating with fertilizer of biological agent.
The microbial fertilizer is called biological fertilizer or microbial preparation, is a series of specific biological products containing active microbial strains, has special fertility-increasing effect when applied to crop production, and plays a role by virtue of active microorganisms or substances produced by the microorganisms. Research results show that the microbial fertilizer can change the physical and chemical properties and the biological species in soil, has the effects of increasing the soil nutrient fertility and promoting the growth of plants, and can also enhance the disease-resistant and drought-resistant capabilities of the plants.
The existing biological bacterial fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil has single effect, can only improve the saline-alkali soil and cannot meet the application requirement of actual saline-alkali soil crops. Therefore, a multifunctional compound bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil needs to be designed, which not only can effectively improve the saline-alkali soil, but also can improve the crop yield.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a preparation method of a special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: 0.1-0.3 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.05-0.15 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.05-0.15 part of silicate bacteria, 0.05-0.15 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 2-6 parts of trehalose, 60-80 parts of furfural residue, 10-30 parts of diatomite and 20-30 parts of water;
(2) mixing materials: uniformly mixing bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, furfural residues, kieselguhr and water according to the ingredients, performing primary fermentation, adding trehalose, and performing secondary fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) crushing: and (3) drying and crushing the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), and packaging to obtain the special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil.
The first stage fermentation in the step (2) is carried out for 4-8 hours at the temperature of 20-25 ℃.
The second-stage fermentation in the step (2) is fermentation for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 30-35 ℃.
The drying in the step (3) is drying for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 40-45 ℃.
Preferably, the ingredients in step (1) are: 0.15-0.25 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.06-0.10 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.07-0.12 part of silicate bacteria, 0.08-0.13 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 3-5 parts of trehalose, 65-75 parts of furfural residue, 15-20 parts of diatomite and 25-30 parts of water.
Preferably, the first fermentation in step (2) is a fermentation at 22-24 ℃ for 5-7 hours.
Preferably, the second fermentation in step (2) is a fermentation at 31-33 ℃ for 1-3 hours.
Preferably, the drying in the step (3) is drying at 42-44 ℃ for 1.5-2 hours.
The ingredients of the invention are as follows:
the activity of the bacillus megaterium is 200 hundred million cfu/g; the activity of the bacillus subtilis is 100 hundred million cfu/g; the activity of silicate bacteria is 100 hundred million cfu/g; thermoactinomyces thermophilus 100 hundred million cfu/g.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the compound bacterial fertilizer special for the saline-alkali soil, disclosed by the invention, microorganisms of the compound bacterial fertilizer can loosen the soil, improve the soil hardening condition, reduce the salt content of the soil, improve the organic matter content of the soil and effectively reduce the pH value of the soil of the saline-alkali soil.
(2) The invention has the advantages that the preparation raw materials comprise the thermophilic actinomycetes and the trehalose, and the invention unexpectedly discovers that after the thermophilic actinomycetes and the trehalose are added in the preparation process, the prepared special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil not only can effectively reduce the content of soil salt and reduce the pH value of the soil, but also is beneficial to the growth of the oat and improves the yield of the oat.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The experimental methods in the following examples, which are not specified under specific conditions, were generally conducted under conventional conditions. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Embodiment 1 composite bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: 0.1 part of bacillus megatherium, 0.05 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.05 part of silicate bacteria, 0.05 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 2 parts of trehalose, 60 parts of furfural residues, 10 parts of diatomite and 20 parts of water;
(2) mixing materials: uniformly mixing bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, furfural residues, kieselguhr and water according to the ingredients, performing primary fermentation, adding trehalose, and performing secondary fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) crushing: and (3) drying and crushing the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), and packaging to obtain the special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil.
The first stage fermentation in step (2) is fermentation at 20 ℃ for 4 hours.
The second-stage fermentation in the step (2) is fermentation at 30 ℃ for 1 hour.
The drying in the step (3) was carried out at 40 ℃ for 1 hour.
Embodiment 2 composite bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: 0.3 part of bacillus megatherium, 0.15 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.15 part of silicate bacteria, 0.15 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 6 parts of trehalose, 80 parts of furfural residues, 30 parts of diatomite and 30 parts of water;
(2) mixing materials: uniformly mixing bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, furfural residues, kieselguhr and water according to the ingredients, performing primary fermentation, adding trehalose, and performing secondary fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) crushing: and (3) drying and crushing the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), and packaging to obtain the special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil.
The first stage fermentation in step (2) is fermentation at 25 ℃ for 8 hours.
The second-stage fermentation in the step (2) is carried out at 35 ℃ for 3 hours.
The drying in the step (3) was carried out at 45 ℃ for 2 hours.
Embodiment 3 composite bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil
The preparation method comprises
(1) Preparing materials: 0.15 part of bacillus megatherium, 0.06 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.07 part of silicate bacteria, 0.08 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 3 parts of trehalose, 65 parts of furfural residues, 15 parts of diatomite and 25 parts of water;
(2) mixing materials: uniformly mixing bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, furfural residues, kieselguhr and water according to the ingredients, performing primary fermentation, adding trehalose, and performing secondary fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) crushing: and (3) drying and crushing the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), and packaging to obtain the special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil.
The first stage fermentation in step (2) is fermentation at 22 ℃ for 5 hours.
The second-stage fermentation in the step (2) is carried out at 31 ℃ for 1-hour.
The drying in step (3) was carried out at 42 ℃ for 1.5 hours.
Embodiment 4 composite bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a preparation method of a special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: 0.25 part of bacillus megatherium, 0.10 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.12 part of silicate bacteria, 0.13 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 5 parts of trehalose, 75 parts of furfural residues, 20 parts of diatomite and 30 parts of water;
(2) mixing materials: uniformly mixing bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, furfural residues, kieselguhr and water according to the ingredients, performing primary fermentation, adding trehalose, and performing secondary fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) crushing: and (3) drying and crushing the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), and packaging to obtain the special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil.
The first stage fermentation in step (2) is fermentation at 24 ℃ for 7 hours.
The second fermentation in step (2) is carried out at 33 ℃ for 3 hours.
The drying in step (3) was carried out at 44 ℃ for 2 hours.
Embodiment 5 composite bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil
(1) Preparing materials: 0.20 part of bacillus megatherium, 0.08 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.10 part of silicate bacteria, 0.11 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 4 parts of trehalose, 70 parts of furfural residues, 18 parts of diatomite and 28 parts of water;
(2) mixing materials: uniformly mixing bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, furfural residues, kieselguhr and water according to the ingredients, performing primary fermentation, adding trehalose, and performing secondary fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) crushing: and (3) drying and crushing the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), and packaging to obtain the special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil.
The first stage fermentation in the step (2) is carried out at 23 ℃ for 6 hours.
The second fermentation in step (2) is a fermentation at 32 ℃ for 2 hours.
The drying in step (3) was carried out at 43 ℃ for 1.8 hours.
Comparative example 1 composite bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil
The preparation method is basically the same as that of example 5, and the difference from example 5 is that the ingredients do not contain trehalose.
Comparative example 2 composite bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil
The preparation method is basically the same as that of example 5, and the difference from example 5 is that the ingredients do not contain the thermophilic actinomyces.
Comparative example 3 bacterial manure special for saline-alkali soil
The preparation method is basically the same as that of example 5, and the difference from example 5 is that the ingredients do not contain trehalose and thermoactinomyces.
Experimental example 1
The test plants: oat
Fertilizer to be tested: the field test design of the special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil prepared in the embodiments 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-3 of the invention is as follows: selecting saline-alkali soil, and totally 8 cells (20 m)2Per plot), the seeding rate is 120Kg/hm250 Kg/mu of the composite bacterial manure of the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 is applied during sowing, and the conventional nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are applied, and the other management levels are consistent. The biological yield was measured after 75 days of application, and 10 groups were sampled from each cell under the same sampling conditions, and after averaging, the pH drop and the organic matter content increase (%) were measured.
(1) The soil properties are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 variation of pH and organic content
Figure BDA0002204855350000061
As can be seen from Table 1, the compound bacterial fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil, prepared in the embodiments 1-5 of the invention, can effectively reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali soil and improve the organic matter content of the saline-alkali soil, and is superior to the comparative examples 1-3.
Respectively taking 1m of plants in 8 regions2The stem base was cut, air dried, weighed and scored as biological yield, with the results shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 biological yields
Biological yield (Kg/hm)2)
Example 1 6678
Example 2 6891
Example 3 7125
Example 4 7356
Example 5 7458
Comparative example 1 5125
Comparative example 2 5362
Comparative example 3 5097
As can be seen from the table 2, the compound bacterial manure special for saline-alkali soil prepared in the embodiments 1-5 of the invention can effectively improve the yield of oat, and is superior to the comparative examples 1-3.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art; where combinations of features are mutually inconsistent or impractical, such combinations should not be considered as being absent and not within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of a special composite bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: 0.1-0.3 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.05-0.15 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.05-0.15 part of silicate bacteria, 0.05-0.15 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 2-6 parts of trehalose, 60-80 parts of furfural residue, 10-30 parts of diatomite and 20-30 parts of water;
(2) mixing materials: uniformly mixing bacillus megatherium, bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, furfural residues, kieselguhr and water according to the ingredients, performing primary fermentation, adding trehalose, and performing secondary fermentation to obtain a fermentation product;
(3) crushing: and (3) drying and crushing the fermentation product obtained in the step (2), and packaging to obtain the special compound bacterial fertilizer for the saline-alkali soil.
2. The preparation method of the special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the first stage fermentation in the step (2) is carried out for 4-8 hours at the temperature of 20-25 ℃.
3. The preparation method of the special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the second-stage fermentation in the step (2) is fermentation for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 30-35 ℃.
4. The preparation method of the special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the drying in the step (3) is drying for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 40-45 ℃.
5. The preparation method of the special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the ingredients in the step (1) are as follows: 0.15-0.25 part of bacillus megaterium, 0.06-0.10 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.07-0.12 part of silicate bacteria, 0.08-0.13 part of thermophilic actinomycetes, 3-5 parts of trehalose, 65-75 parts of furfural residue, 15-20 parts of diatomite and 25-30 parts of water.
6. The preparation method of the special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the first-stage fermentation in the step (2) is carried out for 5-7 hours at the temperature of 22-24 ℃.
7. The preparation method of the special compound bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the second-stage fermentation in the step (2) is fermentation for 1-3 hours at 31-33 ℃.
8. The preparation method of the special composite bacterial fertilizer for saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the drying in the step (3) is drying for 1.5-2 hours at 42-44 ℃.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115717076A (en) * 2022-09-08 2023-02-28 天津大学 Preparation method and application of saline-alkali soil ecological modifier

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115717076A (en) * 2022-09-08 2023-02-28 天津大学 Preparation method and application of saline-alkali soil ecological modifier
CN115717076B (en) * 2022-09-08 2024-05-03 天津大学 Preparation method and application of saline-alkali soil ecological modifier

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Application publication date: 20210319