CN111348972A - Organic material for improving facility soil - Google Patents
Organic material for improving facility soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN111348972A CN111348972A CN202010144275.8A CN202010144275A CN111348972A CN 111348972 A CN111348972 A CN 111348972A CN 202010144275 A CN202010144275 A CN 202010144275A CN 111348972 A CN111348972 A CN 111348972A
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- China
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- parts
- organic material
- soil
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- pleurotus citrinopileatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic material for improving facility soil, which is prepared from 10-20 parts by weight of wormcast, 20-30 parts by weight of pleurotus citrinopileatus bacterial residues, 10-20 parts by weight of bagasse, 2-5 parts by weight of EM (effective microorganism) bacterial powder and 1-2 parts by weight of bacillus subtilis. The organic material provided by the invention can obviously improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and improve the microbial holding capacity of exogenous fertilizer nutrients.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to an organic material for improving facility soil.
Background
The hardening, acidification and secondary salinization of facility soil become important factors for restricting the soil cultivation of modern facility agriculture. The facility soil after long-term intensive cultivation and inorganic fertilizer application has the characteristics of high volume weight, low porosity, poor water retention performance and easy nutrient loss. How to improve the facility soil and improve the holding capacity of the externally applied fertilizer nutrients becomes a key problem to be solved at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an organic material for improving facility soil, which can obviously improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and improve the microbial holding capacity of exogenous fertilizer nutrients.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an organic material for improving facility soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of wormcast, 20-30 parts of pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs, 10-20 parts of bagasse, 2-5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) powder and 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis.
The pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs are waste cultivation materials after pleurotus citrinopileatus is cultivated, and the water content of the pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs is 60-65%; the formula of the cultivation material is as follows: 35wt% of cotton seed hulls, 48wt% of sawdust, 15wt% of bran, 1wt% of lime and 1wt% of gypsum.
The preparation steps of the organic material are as follows:
1) mixing Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing residue, bagasse and EM bacteria powder, stacking, fermenting for 28 days, and turning once every 7 days; controlling the volume water content of the mixed material to be not less than 40% and not more than 80% (taking 50-60% as the optimum water content); the organic substances in the pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs can provide nutrient raw materials required by soil microorganisms, and lime and gypsum are beneficial to balancing acid soil; bagasse can also provide nutrients for microorganisms;
2) uniformly mixing wormcast, the mixed material prepared in the step 1) and bacillus subtilis, stacking and fermenting for 21 days, and turning once every 7 days; controlling the volume water content of the material not less than 40% and not more than 80% (with 50-60% as the optimum water content) in the process to obtain the organic material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the application of the organic material can obviously improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and improve the microbial holding capacity of exogenous fertilizer nutrients (especially nitrogen nutrients).
Detailed Description
An organic material for improving facility soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of wormcast, 20-30 parts of pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs, 10-20 parts of bagasse, 2-5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) powder and 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis.
The pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs are waste cultivation materials after pleurotus citrinopileatus is cultivated, and the water content of the pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs is 60-65%; the formula of the cultivation material is as follows: 35wt% of cotton seed hulls, 48wt% of sawdust, 15wt% of bran, 1wt% of lime and 1wt% of gypsum.
The preparation steps of the organic material are as follows:
1) mixing Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing residue, bagasse and EM bacteria powder, stacking, fermenting for 28 days, and turning once every 7 days; controlling the volume water content of the mixed material to be not less than 40% and not more than 80% (taking 50-60% as the optimum water content); the organic substances in the pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs can provide nutrient raw materials required by soil microorganisms, and lime and gypsum are beneficial to balancing acid soil; bagasse can also provide nutrients for microorganisms;
2) uniformly mixing wormcast, the mixed material prepared in the step 1) and bacillus subtilis, stacking and fermenting for 21 days, and turning once every 7 days; controlling the volume water content of the material not less than 40% and not more than 80% (with 50-60% as the optimum water content) in the process to obtain the organic material.
When the fertilizer is applied, the heavy plate soil needs to be fallowed and then is planted according to 800 kg/hm2Weighing the organic materials, and uniformly mixing the organic materials with a 0-10 cm soil layer; the application time is preferably not in winter, the application is carried out twice in one year, and the crops can be planted in the next year.
For medium and light hardened soil, the fertilizer can be applied in a mode of uniformly mixing with soil around plants in key periods such as seedling stage, flowering stage, vigorous growing stage, mature stage and the like of crops according to a fertilizer application mode.
The present invention relates to a method for preparing soil conditioner by using earthworm cast and mushroom dregs, and is characterized by that the raw materials are directly mixed, and in the invention, the pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs, bagasse and EM mushroom powder are piled up and fermented for 28 days, then the earthworm cast and bacillus subtilis are added, and further piled up and fermented for 21 days. By comparison, under the same conditions, 15 days after the unfermented organic material is applied to the soil, the soil porosity is 41.9%, and the organic carbon content is 6.52 g kg-1(ii) a 15 days after the fermented organic materials are applied into the soil, the porosity of the soil is 49.2 percent, and the organic carbon is 7.33 g kg-1Proved that the fermented organic materials can improve the soil structure, increase the soil air permeability and improve the abundance of the carbon source to be microGood conditions are created for the propagation of organisms and the balance of the flora, and a foundation is laid for the improvement of soil nutrients, particularly the content of biomass nitrogen.
In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The EM bacterial powder is produced by Cangzhouwang Producer technical research institute.
The Bacillus subtilis is produced by Chloroluron Microecological products, Inc.
The Pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs are waste cultivation materials after Pleurotus citrinopileatus is cultivated, and the water content is 60-65%; the formula of the cultivation material is as follows: 35wt% of cotton seed hulls, 48wt% of sawdust, 15wt% of bran, 1wt% of lime and 1wt% of gypsum.
Example 1
An organic material for improving facility soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of wormcast, 25 parts of pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs, 15 parts of bagasse, 3 parts of EM (effective microorganism) mushroom powder and 1 part of bacillus subtilis.
The preparation steps of the organic material are as follows:
1) mixing Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing residue, bagasse and EM bacteria powder, stacking, fermenting for 28 days, and turning once every 7 days; in the process, the volume water content of the mixed material is controlled to be 50-60%;
2) uniformly mixing the wormcast 1, the mixed material prepared in the step 1) and the bacillus subtilis, stacking and fermenting for 21 days, and turning once every 7 days; and controlling the volume water content of the material to be 50-60% in the process to obtain the organic material.
Example 2
An organic material for improving facility soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs, 10 parts of bagasse, 2 parts of EM (effective microorganism) mushroom powder and 1 part of bacillus subtilis.
The preparation steps of the organic material are as follows:
1) mixing Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing residue, bagasse and EM bacteria powder, stacking, fermenting for 28 days, and turning once every 7 days; in the process, the volume water content of the mixed material is controlled to be 50-60%;
2) uniformly mixing the wormcast 1, the mixed material prepared in the step 1) and the bacillus subtilis, stacking and fermenting for 21 days, and turning once every 7 days; and controlling the volume water content of the material to be 50-60% in the process to obtain the organic material.
Example 3
An organic material for improving facility soil, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of wormcast, 30 parts of pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs, 20 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) mushroom powder and 2 parts of bacillus subtilis.
The preparation steps of the organic material are as follows:
1) mixing Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing residue, bagasse and EM bacteria powder, stacking, fermenting for 28 days, and turning once every 7 days; in the process, the volume water content of the mixed material is controlled to be 50-60%;
2) uniformly mixing the wormcast 1, the mixed material prepared in the step 1) and the bacillus subtilis, stacking and fermenting for 21 days, and turning once every 7 days; and controlling the volume water content of the material to be 50-60% in the process to obtain the organic material.
Application examples
The test was carried out in a lysimeter in 2015-2018 in Jiangxin township (31 degree 43 '10' N in Beijing, 118 degree 46 '38' E in Dongding) of vegetable and flower science institute of Nanjing city. The test soil texture was yellow brown soil. The soil improvement process is relatively long, the test lasts for 3 years, and the test effect is closely tracked. In the test, three groups of CK (without any addition) treated by contrast, S1 (adding each raw material which is not fermented according to the formula of the example 1) and S2 (adding the organic material prepared in the example 1) are arranged, the application rates of S1 and S2 are all 850 kg/mu, and the materials and soil with the thickness of 0-15 cm of a plough layer are uniformly mixed when the organic material is applied. Table 1 shows a comparison of the physicochemical properties after 3 years of application.
TABLE 1 comparison of physicochemical Properties after 3 years of application
As can be seen from Table 1, S2 has significant effects of improving soil nutrients and porosity and reducing soil volume weight.
In order to research the tendency and transformation behavior of exogenous nitrogen in soil improved by different additives, the method adopts15And (3) isotopic urea with the N abundance of 19.6%, and planting Chinese cabbages in the test soil. The fertilizing amount is 215 kg15N hm-2，120 kgP2O5hm-2，115 kg K2O hm-2The method comprises the steps of applying 70% of base fertilizer, distributing 30% of additional fertilizer in the lotus throne period, and cultivating the seedlings at a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 40 cm. The phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are respectively calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate. Determination of soil microbial biomass15N (fuming method combined with mass spectrometer determination) and calculating15N loss rate (total minus plant)15N is subtracted from the soil layer of 0-100 cm15Total amount of N), the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 external sources15Expression of N in soil after adding different materials
As shown in Table 2, the microbial biomass of the soil added with S2 in the seedling stage, the rosette stage and the heading stage of Chinese cabbage15N is obviously higher than that of soil improved by other additives, the microbial activity is enhanced, the nutrients are sufficient, the addition of beneficial microbes balances the microflora, and the biological holding function of the microbes on nitrogen is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the claims of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An organic material for soil improvement of a facility, characterized in that: the organic material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of wormcast, 20-30 parts of pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs, 10-20 parts of bagasse, 2-5 parts of EM (effective microorganism) powder and 1-2 parts of bacillus subtilis.
2. The organic material of claim 1, wherein: the pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs are waste cultivation materials after pleurotus citrinopileatus is cultivated, and the water content of the pleurotus citrinopileatus mushroom dregs is 60-65%;
the formula of the cultivation material is as follows: 35wt% of cotton seed hulls, 48wt% of sawdust, 15wt% of bran, 1wt% of lime and 1wt% of gypsum.
3. The organic material of claim 1, wherein: the preparation steps of the organic material are as follows:
1) mixing Pleurotus Citrinopileatus Sing residue, bagasse and EM bacteria powder, stacking, fermenting for 28 days, and turning once every 7 days; in the process, the volume water content of the mixed material is controlled to be not less than 40% and not more than 80%;
2) uniformly mixing wormcast, the mixed material prepared in the step 1) and bacillus subtilis, stacking and fermenting for 21 days, and turning once every 7 days; and controlling the volume water content of the material to be not less than 40% and not more than 80% in the process to obtain the organic material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010144275.8A CN111348972A (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-03-04 | Organic material for improving facility soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010144275.8A CN111348972A (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-03-04 | Organic material for improving facility soil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN111348972A true CN111348972A (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010144275.8A Withdrawn CN111348972A (en) | 2020-03-04 | 2020-03-04 | Organic material for improving facility soil |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112830855A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-25 | 湖南农业大学 | Soil conditioner, preparation method thereof and soil conditioning method |
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2020
- 2020-03-04 CN CN202010144275.8A patent/CN111348972A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112830855A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-25 | 湖南农业大学 | Soil conditioner, preparation method thereof and soil conditioning method |
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Application publication date: 20200630 |