CN110590471A - Method for preparing liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by virtue of cake aerobic fermentation - Google Patents
Method for preparing liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by virtue of cake aerobic fermentation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110590471A CN110590471A CN201910892198.1A CN201910892198A CN110590471A CN 110590471 A CN110590471 A CN 110590471A CN 201910892198 A CN201910892198 A CN 201910892198A CN 110590471 A CN110590471 A CN 110590471A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing liquid organic bacterial manure by aerobic fermentation of dry cake, belonging to the technical field of agriculture. Soaking the dry cake in water for more than 15 days, adding a carbon source into a dry cake soaking solution, adjusting the pH of the dry cake soaking solution to 6.0-7.0 by using quick lime, inoculating special compound bacteria for dry cake liquid fermentation into the dry cake soaking solution, and enabling the initial concentration of thalli in the soaking solution to reach 107—108CFU/mL; continuously stirring by a sewage pump with a cutting function to perform aerobic fermentation. When the thallus concentration reaches 1010—1012CFU/mL, fermentation is complete. The fermentation liquor is diluted according to the tree age and is used for irrigating crops such as fruit trees and the like. The method greatly shortens the fermentation time of the liquid manure of the dry cake, the nutrition of the dry cake is thoroughly decomposed, and the fermentation liquid contains a large amount of functional bacteria. The cake fermentation liquor is poured on the fruitIn the garden soil, the fertilizer is used for cultivating bacteria, so that the formation of a soil aggregate structure can be promoted, and the soil ecology of the orchard can be quickly restored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a method for preparing liquid organic bacterial manure by using dry cake aerobic fermentation.
Background
The cake by-products (such as rapeseed cake, soybean meal and peanut cake) left after oil extraction of oil crop seeds contain a large amount of nutrient substances, and the cake fertilizer is a fertilizer source for good plant growth. The cake fertilizer has comprehensive nutrients, can effectively provide nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, various medium and trace nutrient elements and special functional small molecular organic nutrient substances for the growth of crops, can adjust the water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions of soil, improves the adverse effect on the soil caused by long-term single fertilizer application, improves the soil fertility and can obviously improve the quality of agricultural products.
The liquid fermentation of the dry cake is to ferment the dry cake by using microorganisms, and the microorganisms with compound functions can generate protease, non-starch polysaccharidase, amylase, cellulase and the like in the fermentation process of the dry cake, so that macromolecular protein is decomposed into polypeptide, oligopeptide, small peptide and amino acid, the water solubility of the protein is improved, and the absorption and utilization of plants are facilitated.
The liquid fertilizer prepared by retting the dry cake is a common fertilizer application mode for self-made liquid fertilizer for irrigating fruit trees in the Gannan citrus orchard. However, the traditional cake retting liquid is large and mostly adopts an anaerobic fermentation mode, the fermentation period is long (usually at least 6 months to more than 1 year), the fermentation is not thorough, and the nutrition cannot be thoroughly released into water, so that the fermentation efficiency is low. Therefore, how to find a method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by rapidly fermenting the dry cake becomes an urgent need for self-made liquid fertilizer irrigating fruit trees in the Gannan citrus orchard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by aerobic fermentation of dry cake, aiming at the problems in the existing dry cake water-fertilizer fermentation technology of an orchard.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the dried cake: soaking water and the dried cake for more than 15 days according to the mass ratio of 10:1, stirring for 2-3 times by using a sewage pump with a cutting function during the soaking period, wherein each time lasts for 0.5-1 hour, and crushing the dried cake;
(2) burdening and pH adjustment: adding a carbon source accounting for 1-2% of the mass of the cake soaking solution into the cake soaking solution prepared in the step (1); then adjusting the pH value of the cake soak solution to 6.0-7.0 by using quicklime;
(3) aerobic fermentation: liquid fermentation of cakeInoculating the composite bacteria into the cake soaking solution prepared in the step (2), wherein the inoculation amount enables the initial concentration of the bacteria in the soaking solution to reach 107—108CFU/mL; continuously stirring and oxygenating by using a sewage pump with a cutting function, performing aerobic fermentation, and continuously fermenting for 3-7 days;
(4) counting the bacterial quantity: detecting the concentration of the compound bacteria in the fermentation liquor obtained in the step (3) by using a microscope counting method or a plate counting method, wherein the concentration of the bacteria reaches 1010—1012And (4) judging that the fermentation is finished by CFU/mL fermentation liquor, and obtaining the liquid organic bacterial manure.
Wherein, the dried cake in the step (1) is one or a mixture of more of soybean meal, peanut meal and rapeseed meal.
In the step (2), the carbon source is one or more of industrial glucose, brown sugar and molasses.
The special composite bacteria for liquid fermentation of the dry cake in the step (3) is purchased from Ganzhou agriculture science and technology Limited and is formed by combining three functional bacteria, namely bacillus A, bacillus B and bacillus C.
When in use, the liquid organic bacterial manure obtained in the step (4) is diluted by a proper multiple according to the tree vigor of the tree age and is used for irrigating the roots of the fruit trees; wherein, the fruit bearing trees and weak trees are diluted by 10 times, and the young trees and strong fruit bearing trees are diluted by 20 times in 1-3 years.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method can greatly shorten the water-fertilizer fermentation time of the dry cake to about 20 days from at least 180-360 days required by the original traditional method, the composite functional bacteria decompose macromolecular proteins in the dry cake into polypeptides, oligopeptides, small peptides and amino acids, the nutrition decomposition is thorough, and the water solubility of the proteins is improved; meanwhile, the fermentation liquor contains a large amount of functional bacteria (the concentration of the bacteria in the fermentation liquor can reach 10 percent)10—1012CFU/mL), the fermentation liquor is irrigated in orchard soil to fertilize bacteria, promote the propagation and activity of microorganisms, enhance the activity of the microorganisms, play the roles of loosening soil, activating nutrients, detoxifying, adjusting acid and alkali and the like of various functional bacteria, promote the formation of soil granular structure and quickly restore the orchard soil ecology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing liquid organic bacterial manure by using dry cake aerobic fermentation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for preparing liquid organic bacterial manure by aerobic fermentation of dry cake, aiming at the problems of long time, incomplete fermentation and the like of the existing treatment method.
As shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) soaking the dried cake: soaking water and the dried cake for more than 15 days according to the mass ratio of 10:1, stirring for 2-3 times by using a sewage pump with a cutting function during the soaking period, wherein each time lasts for 0.5-1 hour, and crushing the dried cake;
(2) burdening and pH adjustment: adding a carbon source accounting for 1-2% of the mass of the cake soaking solution into the cake soaking solution prepared in the step (1); then adjusting the pH value of the cake soak solution to 6.0-7.0 by using quicklime;
(3) aerobic fermentation: inoculating the special compound bacteria for liquid fermentation of the dead cake into the dead cake soaking solution prepared in the step (2), wherein the inoculation amount enables the initial concentration of thalli in the soaking solution to reach 107—108CFU/mL; continuously stirring and oxygenating by using a sewage pump with a cutting function, performing aerobic fermentation, and continuously fermenting for 3-7 days;
(4) counting the bacterial quantity: detecting the concentration of the compound bacteria in the fermentation liquor obtained in the step (3) by using a microscope counting method or a plate counting method, wherein the concentration of the bacteria reaches 1010—1012And (4) judging that the fermentation is finished by CFU/mL fermentation liquor, and obtaining the liquid organic bacterial manure.
The following description is given with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The implementation place is as follows: in a Jiangkou Zhenju certain orchard in Ganxun county, Jiangxi province, the land occupation area of the orchard is 300 mu, about 5400 New Youer navel oranges with the tree age of 15 years are planted, and the dry cake water and fertilizer fermentation is carried out in 5 months in 2018, wherein the implementation comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the dried cake: the orchard is provided with a pool with the size of 100 tons, 2 tons of peanut cakes without husk pressing are added into the pool according to the proportion of 10 parts of water to 1 part of cakes, 20 tons of water is added into the pool, and the mixture is soaked for 15 days. During the soaking period, the peanut cake is stirred by a sewage pump with a cutting function for 3 times, and each time is 1 hour, so that the peanut cake is crushed.
(2) Burdening and pH adjustment: adding 0.2 ton of industrial glucose (the proportion of 1% of the peanut cake soaking solution by mass) into the peanut cake soaking solution prepared in the step (1); the pH value of the peanut cake soaking liquid is adjusted to 6.0-7.0 by using quicklime.
(3) Aerobic fermentation: inoculating the special compound bacteria for liquid fermentation of the cakes into the peanut cake soaking liquid prepared in the step (2), wherein the inoculation amount enables the initial concentration of thalli in the peanut cake soaking liquid to reach 107—108CFU/mL; continuously stirring and oxygenating by using a sewage pump with a cutting function, performing aerobic fermentation, and continuously fermenting for 5 days.
(4) Counting the bacterial quantity: detecting the concentration of the compound bacteria in the peanut cake fermentation liquid in the step (3) by using a plate counting method, wherein the concentration of the bacteria in the fermentation liquid reaches 5 multiplied by 1011CFU/mL, end of fermentation. The fermentation liquor is diluted by 10 times according to the specification of the small trees, and 2-3 thousandths of balanced compound fertilizer is added for drip irrigation of fruit trees, so that the fruit swelling and strengthening effect is obvious, the soil ecology is effectively improved, and the fruit in the current year is the top grade.
Example 2
The implementation place is as follows: in a Ganxun county society xi town orchard in Jiangxi province city, the orchard occupies 100 mu of land, about 4500 citrus fruits with the age of 6 months are planted in the orchard, the fermentation of the liquid manure of the cakes is started in 2019 in 6 months and 20 days, and the fermentation is finished in 2019 in 7 months and 12 days, wherein the implementation comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the dried cake: the orchard is provided with two 20-ton water ponds (one is a cake fermentation pond, and the other is a fermentation liquor dilution pond), 1 ton of peanut cakes without shell pressing are added into the water ponds according to the proportion of 10 parts of water to 1 part of cakes, 10 tons of water is added, and the peanut cakes are soaked for 15 days. During the soaking period, the peanut cake is stirred by a sewage pump with a cutting function for 3 times, and each time is 1 hour, so that the peanut cake is crushed.
(2) Burdening and pH adjustment: adding 0.1 ton of industrial glucose (the proportion of 1 percent of the peanut cake soaking solution by mass) into the cake soaking solution prepared in the step (1); the pH value of the peanut cake soaking liquid is adjusted to 6.0-7.0 by using quicklime.
(3) Aerobic fermentation: inoculating the special compound bacteria for liquid fermentation of the cakes into the peanut cake soaking liquid prepared in the step (2), wherein the inoculation amount enables the initial concentration of thalli in the peanut cake soaking liquid to reach 107—108CFU/mL; continuously stirring and oxygenating by using a sewage pump with a cutting function, performing aerobic fermentation, and continuously fermenting for 7 days.
(4) Counting the bacterial quantity: detecting the concentration of the compound bacteria in the peanut cake fermentation liquid in the step (3) by using a plate counting method, wherein the concentration of the bacteria in the fermentation liquid reaches 2 multiplied by 1012CFU/mL, end of fermentation. The fermentation liquor is diluted by 20 times according to the specification of the small trees, and 2-3 thousandth of balanced compound fertilizer is added for watering the fruit trees by drip lines, so that the small trees have strong treetop, bright leaf surfaces, lasting aftereffect and obvious effect.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing liquid organic bacterial manure by using dry cake aerobic fermentation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) soaking the dried cake: soaking water and the dried cake for more than 15 days according to the mass ratio of 10:1, stirring for 2-3 times by using a sewage pump with a cutting function during the soaking period, wherein each time lasts for 0.5-1 hour, and crushing the dried cake;
(2) burdening and pH adjustment: adding a carbon source accounting for 1-2% of the mass of the cake soaking solution into the cake soaking solution prepared in the step (1); then adjusting the pH value of the cake soak solution to 6.0-7.0 by using quicklime;
(3) aerobic fermentation: inoculating the special compound bacteria for liquid fermentation of the dead cake into the dead cake soaking solution prepared in the step (2), wherein the inoculation amount enables the initial concentration of thalli in the soaking solution to reach 107—108CFU/mL; continuously stirring and oxygenating by using a sewage pump with a cutting functionAerobic fermentation, and continuous fermentation for 3-7 days;
(4) counting the bacterial quantity: detecting the concentration of the compound bacteria in the fermentation liquor obtained in the step (3) by using a microscope counting method or a plate counting method, wherein the concentration of the bacteria reaches 1010—1012And (4) judging that the fermentation is finished by CFU/mL fermentation liquor, and obtaining the liquid organic bacterial manure.
2. The method for preparing the liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by the aerobic fermentation of the dry cake as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cake in the step (1) is one or a mixture of bean pulp, peanut pulp and rapeseed meal.
3. The method for preparing the liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by the aerobic fermentation of the dry cake as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the carbon source in the step (2) is one or more of industrial glucose, brown sugar and molasses.
4. The method for preparing the liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by the aerobic fermentation of the dry cake as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the special composite bacteria for liquid fermentation of the dead cake in the step (3) are commercially available composite bacteria and are formed by combining three functional bacteria, namely bacillus A, bacillus B and bacillus C.
5. The method for preparing the liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by the aerobic fermentation of the dry cake as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: when in use, the liquid organic bacterial manure obtained in the step (4) is diluted by a proper multiple according to the tree age and is used for irrigating the roots of fruit trees; wherein, the fruit bearing trees and weak trees are diluted by 10 times, and the young trees and strong fruit bearing trees are diluted by 20 times in 1-3 years.
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| CN201910892198.1A CN110590471A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Method for preparing liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by virtue of cake aerobic fermentation |
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| CN201910892198.1A CN110590471A (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2019-09-20 | Method for preparing liquid organic bacterial fertilizer by virtue of cake aerobic fermentation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111170781A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-19 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Efficient application method of citrus organic fertilizer |
| CN112005678A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-01 | 江西联正现代农业科技有限公司 | Method for irrigating liquid fertilizer |
| CN116171675A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-30 | 江西不动土农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving organic matter content of soil through cultivation without moving soil |
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| KR101948484B1 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-02-14 | 김응준 | A method for manufacturing an environmentally friendly solid fertilizer containing organic ingredients and a method for producing liquid fertilizer |
| CN110204392A (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2019-09-06 | 鹤壁市人元生物技术发展有限公司 | A kind of oil plant dregs of rice fermented liquid foliar fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111170781A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-19 | 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所 | Efficient application method of citrus organic fertilizer |
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| CN116171675A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-30 | 江西不动土农业科技有限公司 | Method for improving organic matter content of soil through cultivation without moving soil |
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