CN110575491A - 贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途 - Google Patents
贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110575491A CN110575491A CN201810580202.6A CN201810580202A CN110575491A CN 110575491 A CN110575491 A CN 110575491A CN 201810580202 A CN201810580202 A CN 201810580202A CN 110575491 A CN110575491 A CN 110575491A
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Abstract
本发明提供一种贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,及贝母在制备药物中的应用,所述药物为治疗与肠道菌群紊乱相关疾病的药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药保健领域,具体涉及一种贝母在改善和调节肠道微生物中的用途。
背景技术
人体内共生着大量微生物,尤其人体肠道内有1000-1150种约100万亿细菌,是人体最重要的“内生环境因素”,其数目是人体自身细胞数目的10倍左右。在正常情况下,肠道微生物处于一个动态平衡的生态环境,正常菌群不仅在消化、免疫和抗病毒方面发挥着不可替代的作用,而且肠道微生物的改变与机体健康或疾病特别是一些慢性疾病的发生具有极为密切的关系。当代社会环境下,人们工作强度大,生活压力大,人体长期处于各种应激状态,常常会导致肠道微生物失调,表现为肠道微生物在种类、数量、比例和生物学特性上的异常变化。菌群失调又反过来通过影响机体对营养物质的吸收削弱肠道的屏障功能,进一步加重疾病,形成一种恶性循环。研究证实,人体的多种疾病如长期腹泻、便秘、肠道炎症、消化道溃疡、糖尿病、高血压、高血脂、肿瘤等的发病都与肠道微生物密切相关。虽然目前还不清楚究竟是肠道微生物菌群的变化引起了代谢类疾病的发生,还是代谢类疾病的发生导致了肠道微生物菌群的变化,但是有一点可以肯定:通过改变肠道微生物菌群的构成,对人体的健康产生影响,同时也可能对某些疾病的治疗提供帮助。目前,肠道微生物已被认为是多种疾病的可能治疗靶标。
专利文献CN 106620189 A提供了一种改善肠道微生物结构的方法,及其在制备药物、营养品、保健品、食品、饮料等过程中的应用。此发明采用基于高通量测序技术以及多变量统计学方法找出了与宿主代谢密切相关的肠道细菌类群,如肠道中产短链脂肪酸的细菌大多为有益菌,其可以通过增加肠道中短链脂肪酸的含量起到抗炎、保护肠屏障功能、调节人体代谢与免疫等作用。短链脂肪酸产生菌包括布劳特氏菌属、Allobaculum、普氏菌属、拟杆菌属或Butyricimonas。肠道中产内毒素的细菌大多为有害菌,其可以通过增加肠道中内毒素含量引起炎症、损害肠屏障功能、引起人体代谢与免疫失调等作用。产生内毒素的细菌包括变形菌门的细菌。
目前为止,科学家已发现的肠道有益菌大体上可分成三大类,其中包括:乳杆菌类(如嗜酸乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、詹氏乳杆菌、拉曼乳杆菌等);双歧杆菌类(如长双歧杆菌、短双歧杆菌、卵形双歧杆菌、嗜热双歧杆菌等);革兰氏阳性球菌(如粪链球菌、乳球菌、中介链球菌等)。
人体生物学是由人体基因组和人体微生物组两部分组成的,其中人体基因组的改变是极为困难的,但是人体肠道内微生物构成的改变相对比较容易。目前高热量饮食、快节奏生活,使得一部分人出现肠道微生物紊乱的情况,除非紧急情况,多数人会选择通过饮食进行调节,已有研究表明一些中药及一些药食同源的食品可以调节人体或动物的肠道微生物。如专利文献CN 105596445 A涉及丹皮赤芍在调节肠道微生物中的用途,发明人研究发现,丹皮赤芍不仅可以调节肠道微生物,且没有任何副作用,可以长期服用。又如专利文献CN 102987383 B提供了一种由药食同源食品组成的组合物,所述组合物可用于平衡主体中肠道微生物结构,改善代谢综合征。
在本发明中,发明人对贝母能否调节肠道微生物做了相关研究。贝母(BulbusFritillariae Thunbergii)味苦,性寒,归肺、心经。贝母由于品种产地不同分为浙贝母、川贝母和皖贝母等,通常使用的贝母为浙贝和川贝。人们在对贝母的研究中发现,贝母中含有许多生物碱,已经分离出贝母素甲、贝母素乙、异贝母甲素和贝母辛的明确化学结构的成分。贝母有清热化痰,开郁散结的功效,临床中贝母作为化痰药多用于风热、燥热或痰热咳嗽,鲜有关于贝母对人体或动物肠道微生物影响的研究报道,在本发明中,发明人就贝母及包含贝母的中药组合物对人体或动物肠道微生物影响做了细致的研究,为贝母用于治疗与肠道菌群紊乱相关的疾病奠定了基础。
发明内容
在本发明中,发明人研究发现,贝母能显著提高肠道内有益菌的数量,同时抑制有害菌的数量,可调节肠道微生物。现阶段未见关于贝母在调节肠道微生物方面的研究和报道。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途。本发明还一个目的是提供一种贝母在制备药物中的应用,所述药物为治疗与肠道菌群紊乱相关疾病的药物。本发明另一个目的是提供一种包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途。本发明还一个目的是提供一种包含贝母的组合物在制备药物中的应用,所述药物为治疗与肠道菌群紊乱相关疾病的药物。
本发明提供一种贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途。
根据所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,可以是选择性的增加肠道中细菌的数量,所述细菌选自:乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、分支杆菌属(Mycobacterium)、苯基杆菌属(Phenylobacterium)、副杆菌属(Parabacteroides)、真杆菌属(Eubacterium)、海杆菌属(Marinobacter)、节细菌属(Arthrobacter)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia)中的一种或两种以上的组合;
优选的,所述细菌选自:乳杆菌属、不动杆菌属、链球菌属、类芽孢杆菌属、假单胞菌属、链霉菌属、分支杆菌属中的一种或两种以上的组合;
更优选的,所述细菌选自:Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX7、Lactobacillussp.UMNPBX19、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX16、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX13、Lactobacillussp.OTU4228、Lactobacillus amylovorus、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX17、Lactobacillussp.UMNPBX10、Lactobacillus johnsonii、Lactobacillus reuteri、Lactobacillussp.UMNPBX3、Lactobacillus kitasatonis、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX18、Lactobacilluscrispatus、Lactobacillus taiwanensis、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX5、Lactobacillussp.HMSC24D01、Lactobacillus sp.ASF360、Lactobacillus gasseri、Lactobacillussp.UMNPBX4、Lactobacillus intestinalis、Lactobacillus helveticus、Lactobacillusultunensis、Lactobacillus acidophilus、Lactobacillus frumenti、Lactobacillusgallinarum、Lactobacillus sp.Marseille-P3519、Lactobacillus vaginalis、Lactobacillus hominis、Lactobacillus antri、Lactobacillus amylolyticus、Lactobacillus hamsteri、Lactobacillus fermentum、Lactobacillus pasteurii、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX1、Lactobacillus acidipiscis、Lactobacillus pontis、Lactobacillus panis、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX15、Lactobacillus kalixensis、Lactobacillus sp.HMSC072E07、Lactobacillus equigenerosi、Lactobacilluskefiranofaciens、Lactobacillus jensenii、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX6、Lactobacillusgastricus、Lactobacillus oris、Lactobacillus farraginis、Lactobacilluscoleohominis、Lactobacillus murinus、Lachnospiraceae bacterium VE202-12、Lactobacillus selangorensis、Lactobacillus animalis、Lactobacillus apodemi、Lactobacillus agilis、Lactobacillus acetotolerans、Lactobacillus gigeriorum、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX8、Lactobacillus equi、Lactobacillus aviarius、Acinetobacter sp.796380-1375、Acinetobacter sp.259052、Acinetobacter sp.72431、Streptococcus sp.HMSC072G02、Streptococcus sp.HMSC034F03、Streptococcussp.HMSC068H01、Streptococcus sp.HMSC057E02、Streptococcus sp.ACC21、Streptococcus thermophilus、Streptococcus cristatus、Streptococcussp.HMSC064D12、Paenibacillus sp.cl123、Paenibacillus sp.HGH0039、Paenibacillussp.St-s、Pseudomonas sp.TAD18、Streptomyces sp.NRRL S-575、Streptomycesgriseorubens、Streptomyces purpurogeneiscleroticus、Mycobacterium sp.852002-51759_SCH5129042、Phenylobacterium sp.CCH12-B4、Parabacteroides sp.2_1_7、[Eubacterium]siraeum、Marinobacter sp.C1S70、Arthrobacter rhombi、Staphylococcussp.HMSC061F10、Halomonas sp.hl-4、Bacteroides sp.D20、Burkholderia sp.A27中的一种或两种以上的组合。
根据所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,可以是选择性的抑制肠道中细菌的数量,所述细菌选自:弯曲杆菌属(Campylobacter)、纤维杆菌属(Fibrobacter)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、志贺氏杆菌属(Shigella)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)、普氏菌属(Prevotella)、埃希氏杆菌属(Escherichia)、粪芽孢菌属(Coprobacillus)、红球菌属(Rhodococcus)、梭菌属(Clostridium)中的一种或两种以上的组合;
优选的,所述细菌选自:弯曲杆菌属、纤维杆菌属、肠球菌属、红球菌属、梭菌属中的一种或两种以上的组合;
更优选的,所述细菌选自:Campylobacter sp.BCW_6462、Campylobacter sp.BCW_4332、Campylobacter sp.113、Campylobacter sp.BCW_6872、Campylobacter sp.BCW_6461、Campylobacter sp.BCW_6871、Campylobacter sp.110、Campylobacter sp.BCW_6464、Campylobacter coli、Campylobacter sp.BCW_8709、Campylobacter sp.1、Campylobacter jejuni、Campylobacter sp.BCW_6468、Campylobacter sp.BCW_4321、Campylobacter sp.BCW_6889、Campylobacter sp.BCW_6876、Campylobacter sp.112、Campylobacter sp.BCW_7460、Campylobacter sp.109、Fibrobacter intestinalis、Enterococcus hirae、Shigella sp.PAMC 28760、Shigella flexneri、Enterobactersp.ST121:950178628、Enterobacter cloacae complex sp.35734、Enterobacter sp.MGH7、Enterobacter sp.IF2SW-P2、Prevotella sp.HMSC077E09、Escherichia coli、Coprobacillus sp.29_1、Coprobacillus sp.D6、Rhodococcus sp.05-2256-B1、Clostridium sp.HMSC19B01、Clostridium sp.HMSC19C08中的一种或两种以上的组合。
根据所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,可以是选择性的抑制肠道中病毒的数量,所述病毒选自:链球菌病毒(Streptococcus virus)、肠球菌噬菌体(Enterococcusphage);
优选的,所述病毒选自:Enterococcus phage vB_EfaP_IME195、Streptococcusvirus C1。
本发明提供一种贝母在制备药物中的应用,所述药物为治疗与肠道菌群紊乱相关疾病的药物,优选的,所述的疾病选自:长期腹泻、便秘、肥胖、食物过敏、胰腺炎、肝损伤、肠道炎症包括克罗恩病、肠易激综合征、消化道溃疡、肾结石、糖尿病包括妊娠期糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、白塞病、心血管疾病、脑血管疾病包括中风、肿瘤、瘫痪、眼病、多发性硬化症、强直性脊柱炎、帕金森症、焦虑、自闭症、抑郁症、慢性疲劳症。
本发明提供一种包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途。
根据所述的包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,可以是选择性的增加肠道中细菌的数量,所述细菌选自:乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、密螺旋体属(Treponema)、副杆菌属(Parabacteroides)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)、瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)、普氏菌属(Prevotella)、分枝杆菌属(Mycobacterium)、茎菌属(Caulobacter)、粪球菌属(Coprococcus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、嗜二氧化碳噬细胞菌属(Capnocytophaga)、卟啉单胞菌属(Porphyromonas)、纤维杆菌属(Fibrobacter)、螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)、丁酸弧菌属(Butyrivibrio)中的一种或两种以上的组合;
优选的,所述细菌选自:乳杆菌属、双歧杆菌属、密螺旋体属中的一种或两种以上的组合;
更优选的,所述细菌选自:Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX6、Lactobacillussp.OTU4228、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX17、Lactobacillus animalis、Lactobacillusamylovorus、Lactobacillus kitasatonis、Lactobacillus ruminis、Lactobacillusmurinus、Lactobacillus pontis、Lactobacillus sp.UMNPBX4、Lactobacillussp.UMNPBX15、Treponema berlinense、Treponema succinifaciens、Treponema porcinum、Parabacteroides sp.YL27、Bifidobacterium pseudolongum、Bifidobacteriumanimalis、Ruminococcus bicirculans、Prevotella sp.HMSC077E09、Prevotellamultisaccharivorax、Prevotella sp.HMSC069G02、Prevotella stercorea、Prevotellaconceptionensis、Prevotella sp.P3-120、Prevotella amnii、Prevotella dentalis、Mycobacterium sp.852002-51759_SCH5129042、Caulobacter sp.CCH4-E1、Coprococcuseutactus、Pseudomonas sp.NFPP24、Staphylococcus sp.HMSC061F10、Bacteroidessp.Ga6A2、Bacteroides faecis、Acinetobacter sp.796380-1375、Acinetobactersp.25977_7、Streptomyces sp.b94、Capnocytophaga sp.CM59、Porphyromonas catoniae、Fibrobacter sp.UWCM、Helicobacter magdeburgensis、Butyrivibrio sp.FC2001中的一种或两种以上的组合。
根据所述的包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,可以是选择性的抑制肠道中细菌的数量,所述细菌选自:链球菌属(Streptococcus)、棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)、短螺菌属(Brachyspira)、弯曲杆菌属(Campylobacter)、柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacter)、嗜血杆菌属(Haemophilus)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)、梭菌属(Clostridium)、韦荣氏球菌属(Veillonella)、琥珀酸弧菌属(Succinivibrio)、巨单胞菌属(Megamonas)、肠球菌属(Anaerococcus)、脱硫弧菌属(Desulfovibrio)、志贺氏杆菌属(Shigella)、埃希氏杆菌属(Escherichia)、无色菌属(Achromobacter)、考拉杆菌属(Phascolarctobacterium)、克雷白氏杆菌属(Klebsiella)、地杆菌属(Pedobacter)、氨基酸球菌属(Acidaminococcus)、小类杆菌属(Dialister)、梭杆菌属(Fusobacterium)中的一种或两种以上的组合;
优选的,所述细菌选自:链球菌属、棒状杆菌属、棒状杆菌属、志贺氏杆菌属、脱硫弧菌属中的一种或两种以上的组合;
更优选的,所述细菌选自:Streptococcus sp.I-G2、Streptococcus sp.GMD3S、Streptococcus sp.DD10、Streptococcus intermedius、Streptococcus sp.BS21、Streptococcus pneumoniae、Streptococcus sp.HMSC076C08、Streptococcus sp.1171_SSPC、Streptococcus anginosus、Streptococcus sp.HMSC070B10、Streptococcussp.CCUG 49591、Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae、Streptococcus sp.BS29a、Streptococcus sp.M334、Streptococcus sp.HMSC077F03、Streptococcus sp.343_SSPC、Streptococcus sp.SR1、Streptococcus oralis、Streptococcus sp.oral taxon 071、Streptococcus sp.HMSC063B03、Streptococcus sp.HMSC034B05、Streptococcussp.FDAARGOS_256、Streptococcus sp.NLAE-zl-C503、Streptococcus mitis、Streptococcus gordonii、Streptococcus sp.HMSC073F11、Streptococcus sp.I-P16、Streptococcus sp.HMSC10A01、Streptococcus sp.M143、Streptococcus sp.2_1_36FAA、Streptococcus sp.oral taxon 058、Streptococcus sp.400_SSPC、Streptococcussp.F0441、Streptococcus sp.CM6、Streptococcus sp.HMSC072D05、Streptococcussp.A12、Streptococcus sp.HMSC070A10、Streptococcus sp.oral taxon 064、Streptococcus sp.HMSC072D07、Streptococcus sp.NPS 308、Streptococcussp.HMSC062H02、Streptococcus sp.263_SSPC、Streptococcus sp.GMD6S、Streptococcussp.GMD5S、Streptococcus sp.BS35b、Corynebacterium durum、Brachyspira pilosicoli、Campylobacter sp.P0111、Campylobacter sp.P0132、Citrobacter koseri、Citrobacterfreundii、Citrobacter sp.CFSAN044567、Citrobacter sp.JT3、Citrobacter rodentium、Citrobacter sp.MGH103、Haemophilus sp.HMSC066A11、Haemophilus sp.HMSC066D02、Enterobacter sp.BIDMC93、Enterobacteriaceae bacterium ATCC 29904、Enterobactersp.BIDMC109、Enterobacteriaceae bacterium strain FGI 57、Enterobactersp.BIDMC110、Enterobacter sp.MGH128、Enterobacter sp.MGH 15、Enterobactersp.MGH120、Enterobacter cloacae complex sp.44242、Enterobacter sp.BIDMC87、Enterobacter sp.MGH 33、Enterobacter sp.MGH 6、Enterobacter cloacae complexsp.GN05753、Enterobacter cloacae complex sp.42192、Enterobacter cloacae complexsp.GN02570、Enterobacter sp.MGH 7、Enterobacter sp.MGH119、Enterobacterhormaechei、Enterobacter sp.MGH 10、Enterobacter sp.BWH64、Enterobacter cloacaecomplex sp.CIDEIMsCOL1、Enterobacter sp.EGD-HP1、Clostridium kluyveri、[Clostridium]symbiosum、Clostridium ventriculi、Veillonella tobetsuensis、Veillonella parvula、Veillonella rodentium、Veillonella sp.HPA0037、Veillonellamontpellierensis、Veillonella atypica、Veillonellaceae bacterium DNF00626、Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens、Megamonas sp.Calf98-2、Anaerococcushydrogenalis、Desulfovibrio piger、Shigella sp.FC1708、Shigella sp.FC569、Shigella sp.FC2928、Shigella flexneri、Shigella sp.SF-2015、Shigelladysenteriae、Shigella sonnei、Shigella sp.FC1172、Shigella sp.FC2045、Shigellasp.FC2175、Shigella sp.FC1544、Shigella sp.PAMC28760、Shigella sp.FC2710、Shigella boydii、Escherichia sp.KTE11、Escherichia sp.3_2_53FAA、Escherichiasp.KTE52、Escherichia sp.KTE159、Escherichia sp.KTE96、Escherichia sp.KTE114、Escherichia sp.TW11588、Escherichia sp.KTE31、Escherichia sp.TW10509、Escherichia sp.B1147、Escherichia marmotae、Escherichia coli、Escherichiafergusonii、Escherichia sp.4_1_40B、Escherichia sp.KTE172、Escherichiasp.TW15838、Escherichia sp.TW09231、Escherichia sp.1_1_43、Escherichiasp.TW09308、Escherichia sp.TW14182、Escherichia sp.TW09276、Achromobactersp.ATCC35328、Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens、Klebsiella pneumoniae、Pedobacter arcticus、Pedobacter himalayensis、Acidaminococcus sp.D21、Dialistersuccinatiphilus、Dialister micraerophilus、Dialister pneumosintes、Dialisterinvisus、Fusobacterium sp.CM21、Fusobacterium periodonticum、Fusobacteriumsp.oral taxon 370、Fusobacterium sp.HMSC064B11、Fusobacterium sp.oral taxon203、Fusobacterium sp.CM1、Fusobacterium sp.OBRC1、Fusobacterium sp.HMSC065F01、Fusobacterium nucleatum、Fusobacterium sp.CM22、Fusobacterium sp.HMSC064B12、Fusobacterium hwasookii中的一种或两种以上的组合。
根据所述的包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,可以是选择性的抑制肠道中病毒的数量,所述病毒选自:链球菌病毒(Streptococcus virus)、肠球菌噬菌体(Enterococcus phage)、乳酸杆菌噬菌体(Lactobacillus phage)、肠杆菌噬菌体(Enterobacteria phage)中的一种或两种以上的组合;
优选的,所述病毒选自:肠杆菌噬菌体;
更优选的,所述病毒选自:Enterobacteria phage 933W sensu lato、Enterobacteria phage YYZ-2008、Enterobacteria phage BP-4795中的一种或两种以上的组合。
本发明所述的包含贝母的组合物为贝母与选自补气药、补血药、补阴药、温化寒痰药、凉血止血药、利水消肿或清热凉血药中的一种或两种以上的组合。
所述补气药选自:人参、西洋参、党参、太子参、黄芪、白术、山药、白扁豆、甘草、大枣、刺五加、绞股蓝、红景天、沙棘、饴糖、蜂蜜中的一种或两种以上的组合;优选的,所述补气药选自:黄芪、人参、山药、红景天中的一种或两种以上的组合。
所述补血药选自:当归、熟地黄、白芍、阿胶、何首乌、龙眼肉、楮实子中的一种或两种以上的组合;优选的,所述补血药选自:当归、熟地黄中的一种或两种。
所述补阴药选自:北沙参、南沙参、百合、麦冬、天冬、石斛、玉竹、黄精、明党参、枸杞子、墨旱莲、女贞子、桑椹、黑芝麻、龟甲、鳖甲、银耳、燕窝、鱼鰾胶中的一种或两种以上的组合;优选的,所述补阴药选自:北沙参、百合、麦冬、石斛、黄精中的一种或两种以上的组合。
所述温化寒痰药选自:法半夏、天南星、白芥子、皂荚、旋覆花、瓜蒌、竹茹、竹沥、天竺黄、前胡、桔梗、胖大海中的一种或两种以上的组合;优选的,所述温化寒痰药选自:法半夏、天南星,桔梗中的一种或两种以上的组合。
所述凉血止血药选自:三七、小蓟、大蓟、地榆、槐花、侧柏叶、白茅根、郁金、苎麻根中的一种或两种以上的组合;优选的,所述凉血止血药选自:三七、白茅根、郁金、地榆中的一种或两种以上的组合;更优选的,所述凉血止血药选自:三七、白茅根、郁金。
所述利水消肿药选自:茯苓、薏仁、猪苓、泽泻、冬瓜皮、玉米须、葫芦、香加皮、枳椇子、泽漆、蝼蛄、荠菜中的一种或两种以上的组合;优选的,所述利水消肿药选自:茯苓、薏仁、玉米须中的一种或两种以上的组合;更优选的,所述利水消肿药选自:薏仁。
所述清热凉血药选自:生地黄、玄参、牡丹皮、赤芍、紫草、水牛角、溪黄草中的一种或两种以上的组合;优选的,所述清热凉血药选自:生地黄、玄参中的一种或两种。
本发明所述的包含贝母的组合物,贝母与选自补气药、补血药、补阴药、温化寒痰药、凉血止血药、利水消肿或清热凉血药中的一种或两种以上的组合的份数比为1-99:99-1。
在本发明优选实施方式中,所述包含贝母的组合物为贝母与法半夏的组合。
在本发明优选实施方式中,贝母与法半夏的份数比为1:1、5:1、7:1、3:1、9:2。
优选的,所述包含贝母的组合物中还包括药剂学上可接受的辅料,所述辅料选自:载体、稀释剂、粘合剂、润滑剂、润湿剂。
优选的,所述包含贝母的组合物的剂型选自:片剂、胶囊、丸剂、注射剂、吸入剂、含片、栓剂、乳剂、微乳剂、亚微乳剂、纳米颗粒、凝胶剂、粉剂、悬乳液、乳膏剂、胶冻剂、喷雾剂等。
优选的,所述包含贝母的组合物可采取的给药方式选自:口服、肠道给药、皮下注射、肌肉注射、静脉注射、鼻腔给药、透皮给药、结膜下给药、眼球内给药、眼眶给药、眼球后给药、视网膜给药、脉络膜给药、鞘内注射等。
本发明提供一种包含贝母的组合物在制备药物中的应用,所述药物为治疗与肠道菌群紊乱相关疾病的药物,优选的,所述的疾病选自:长期腹泻、便秘、肥胖、食物过敏、胰腺炎、肝损伤、肠道炎症包括克罗恩病、肠易激综合征、消化道溃疡、肾结石、糖尿病包括妊娠期糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、白塞病、心血管疾病、脑血管疾病包括中风、肿瘤、瘫痪、眼病、多发性硬化症、强直性脊柱炎、帕金森症、焦虑、自闭症、抑郁症、慢性疲劳症。
本发明所述的贝母为贝母粉或贝母提取物,优选的,所述贝母为贝母提取物。
一种贝母粉的制备方法包括以下步骤:(1)贝母洗净晾干,(2)切片,(3)烘干,(4)粉碎,(5)包装。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中贝母片的切片厚度为0.5-5mm。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中烘箱内温度为80~100℃,烘干时间为0.5-2h,烘干后的贝母片的含水量在5%以下。
优选的,所述步骤(4)中贝母经粉碎至200-1200目;更优选的,所述步骤(4)中贝母经粉碎至800-1200目。
优选的,所述步骤(5)中将贝母粉进行灭菌处理后真空包装。
本发明所述的贝母提取物提取方法选自:溶剂浸提法、渗漉法、煎煮法、回流法、连续回流法、超声提取法、超临界流体萃取法、水蒸气蒸馏法、升华法、树脂吸附分离法、凝胶色谱分离法;
优选的,所述提取方法选自:溶剂浸提法、煎煮法、树脂吸附分离法。
一种贝母提取物的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将贝母原料烘干,粉碎得贝母粗粉;
(2)贝母粗粉用溶剂提取,过滤后进行减压浓缩得贝母浓缩液;
(3)将贝母浓缩液过吸附柱进行洗脱,先用纯化水洗涤,除去杂质,用乙醇洗脱得洗脱液;
(4)减压浓缩洗脱液,脱色处理,精制,减压浓缩至浸膏,干燥后得贝母提取物。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中溶剂选自:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、乙酸、二氯甲烷、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇、乙腈或丙酮;更优选的,所述溶剂选自:50%-80%乙醇溶液。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中吸附柱填料选自:HPD系列、ADS系列、HZ系列、XAD系列和D系列大孔树脂填料中的一种或一种以上的组合;更优选的,所述吸附柱填料选自:HPD100、HZ18和D101中的一种或一种以上的组合。
优选的,所述步骤(4)中干燥方式选自:喷雾干燥、真空干燥、冷冻干燥、近红外干燥和微波干燥中的一种或一种以上的组合;更优选为真空干燥,干燥温度为30-50℃。
本发明所述的贝母选自:浙贝母、川贝母或皖贝母;优选的,所述贝母为浙贝母。
附图说明
图1浙贝母改变的肠道微生物物种
图2浙贝母与法半夏组合物改变的肠道微生物物种
具体实施方式
实施例1浙贝母粉的制备
将浙贝母洗净晾干,切片,切片厚度为3mm,置入烘箱中烘干,烘箱内温度为90℃,烘干时间为2h,烘干后的浙贝母片的含水量在5%以下。随即将烘干的浙贝母趁热及时输入粉碎机内进行粉碎,粉碎至900目,将粉碎成粉末的浙贝母粉进行灭菌处理后真空包装。
实施例2乙醇浸提法制备浙贝母提取物
将烘干的浙贝母原料药粉碎至20目得浙贝母粗粉,浙贝母粗粉用80%乙醇溶液提取3次,提取液过滤后进行减压浓缩得浙贝母浓缩液,将浙贝母浓缩液过吸附柱进行洗脱,吸附柱填料为HPD100,先用纯化水洗涤,除去杂质,再用60%、70%、80%乙醇洗脱得洗脱液,减压浓缩洗脱液,脱色处理,精制,减压浓缩至浸膏,经冷冻干燥后得浙贝母提取物。
实施例3水煎煮法制备浙贝母提取物
称取100g浙贝母,置适宜容积的煎器中,加水约600ml浸没药材1h,煮沸后加热0.5h。分离煎出液,药渣进行二次煎煮,煎出液与第一次煎出液混合,用量筒量取体积,若体积超过600ml则将煎出液进一步煮沸浓缩至约600ml,达到相应体积后将煎出液进行真空包装,装至7-8个小袋中,放入4℃保存待用。
实施例4浙贝母与法半夏组合物的制备
浙贝母提取物、法半夏提取物分别采用溶剂浸提法进行提取,树脂吸附分离法进行分离,冷冻干燥后得到,将浙贝母提取物、法半夏提取物各取1份充分混合,制得浙贝母与法半夏的组合物。
实施例5浙贝母及包含浙贝母的组合物对肠道微生物的影响
本实验以实验用猴子为实验对象,实验药物分别为按照实施例3和4制备的浙贝母提取物、浙贝母与法半夏的组合物,给药方式为经鼻灌胃给药,灌胃为每天一次,连续14天。采集灌胃14天中每天、灌胃前后各1天的粪便。实验标准如下:猴子饲养按照非灵长类实验动物饲养标准执行,每天早上8点对动物笼底进行冲洗,将一不锈钢网放入动物笼底,之后等待猴子自行排便,排便后核对猴子ID,对粪便进行拍照,使用采便管采集粪便,注意采集过程中避开与网面接触的粪便,之后放入-80℃冰箱保存。
DNA的提取采用强力粪便DNA提取试剂盒(Qiagen,USA)进行提取,每个样品提取100ng DNA,用非接触式超声波破碎仪制成300-400bp的DNA片段,使用高通量测序平台文库构建定向优化试剂盒VAHTS Nano DNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina(Vazyme,中国)进行测序,测序深度达3千万-5千万每个样品,对每个测序读数进行质量控制,对于非人源序列采用Kraken及Bracken进行分析,以自定义的数据库作为参考,此数据库包括在2017年12月22日前RefSeq中所有的细菌、古细菌、病毒、真菌和原生动物的基因组。
实验结果如表1-2所示,对实验结果进行统计后发现,浙贝母提取物及包含浙贝母的组合物对肠道微生物的影响包括选择性的增加肠道中一些细菌的数量,同时抑制肠道中另外一些细菌的数量以及抑制肠道中一些病毒来发挥作用。
表1浙贝母改变的肠道微生物物种
表2浙贝母与法半夏组合物改变的肠道微生物物种
Claims (17)
1.贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述的调节肠道微生物为选择性的增加肠道中细菌的数量,所述细菌选自:乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、链球菌属(Streptococcus)、类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)、分支杆菌属(Mycobacterium)、苯基杆菌属(Phenylobacterium)、副杆菌属(Parabacteroides)、真杆菌属(Eubacterium)、海杆菌属(Marinobacter)、节细菌属(Arthrobacter)、葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)、盐单胞菌属(Halomonas)、拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)、伯克霍尔德菌属(Burkholderia)中的一种或两种以上的组合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述细菌选自:乳杆菌属、不动杆菌属、链球菌属、类芽孢杆菌属、假单胞菌属、链霉菌属、分支杆菌属中的一种或两种以上的组合。
4.根据权利要求1所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述的调节肠道微生物为选择性的抑制肠道中细菌的数量,所述细菌选自:弯曲杆菌属(Campylobacter)、纤维杆菌属(Fibrobacter)、肠球菌属(Enterococcus)、志贺氏杆菌属(Shigella)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)、普氏菌属(Prevotella)、埃希氏杆菌属(Escherichia)、粪芽孢菌属(Coprobacillus)、红球菌属(Rhodococcus)、梭菌属(Clostridium)中的一种或两种以上的组合。
5.根据权利要求4所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述细菌选自:弯曲杆菌属、纤维杆菌属、肠球菌属、红球菌属、梭菌属中的一种或两种以上的组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述的调节肠道微生物为选择性的抑制肠道中病毒的数量,所述病毒选自:链球菌病毒(Streptococcusvirus)、肠球菌噬菌体(Enterococcus phage)。
7.贝母在制备药物中的应用,所述药物为治疗与肠道菌群紊乱相关疾病的药物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的贝母在制备药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述疾病选自:长期腹泻、便秘、肥胖、食物过敏、胰腺炎、肝损伤、肠道炎症、肠易激综合征、消化道溃疡、肾结石、糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、白塞病、心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、肿瘤、瘫痪、眼病、多发性硬化症、强直性脊柱炎、帕金森症、焦虑、自闭症、抑郁症、慢性疲劳症;优选的,所述肠道炎症选自克罗恩病,所述糖尿病选自妊娠期糖尿病。
9.包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途。
10.根据权利要求9所述的包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述的包含贝母的组合物为贝母与选自补气药、补血药、补阴药、温化寒痰药、凉血止血药、利水消肿药或清热凉血药中的一种或两种以上的组合。
11.根据权利要求10所述的包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述补气药选自:人参、西洋参、党参、太子参、黄芪、白术、山药、白扁豆、甘草、大枣、刺五加、绞股蓝、红景天、沙棘、饴糖、蜂蜜中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述补血药选自:当归、熟地黄、白芍、阿胶、何首乌、龙眼肉、楮实子中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述补阴药选自:北沙参、南沙参、百合、麦冬、天冬、石斛、玉竹、黄精、明党参、枸杞子、墨旱莲、女贞子、桑椹、黑芝麻、龟甲、鳖甲、银耳、燕窝、鱼鰾胶中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述温化寒痰药选自:法半夏、天南星、白芥子、皂荚、旋覆花、瓜蒌、竹茹、竹沥、天竺黄、前胡、桔梗、胖大海中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述凉血止血药选自:三七、小蓟、大蓟、地榆、槐花、侧柏叶、白茅根、郁金、苎麻根中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述利水消肿药选自:茯苓、薏仁、猪苓、泽泻、冬瓜皮、玉米须、葫芦、香加皮、枳椇子、泽漆、蝼蛄、荠菜中的一种或两种以上的组合;所述清热凉血药选自:生地黄、玄参、牡丹皮、赤芍、紫草、水牛角、溪黄草中的一种或两种以上的组合。
12.根据权利要求11所述的包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述温化寒痰药选自:法半夏。
13.包含贝母的组合物在制备药物中的应用,所述药物为治疗与肠道菌群紊乱相关疾病的药物。
14.根据权利要求1所述的贝母在调节肠道微生物中的用途或权利要求9所述的包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述的贝母为贝母粉或贝母提取物。
15.根据权利要求14所述的贝母或包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述的贝母粉为将贝母粉碎至200-1200目。
16.根据权利要求14所述的贝母或包含贝母的组合物在调节肠道微生物中的用途,其特征在于,所述贝母提取物的提取方法选自:溶剂浸提法、渗漉法、煎煮法、回流法、连续回流法、超声提取法、超临界流体萃取法、水蒸气蒸馏法、升华法、树脂吸附分离法或凝胶色谱分离法。
17.权利要求1-16所述的贝母为浙贝母。
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