CN110558174A

CN110558174A - Scientific buckwheat planting method

Info

Publication number: CN110558174A
Application number: CN201910871138.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 厉业保
Original assignee: Xuzhou Tongshan District Yebao Grain Planting Professional Cooperative
Current assignee: Xuzhou Yihu Machinery Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-16
Filing date: 2019-09-16
Publication date: 2019-12-13

Abstract

A buckwheat scientific planting method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: selecting new seeds with uniform sizes of seeds, seed coats and seed shapes, and performing the second step: fertilizing: applying base fertilizer and seed fertilizer together during sowing, and performing the third step: sowing: preferably, the seeding amount per mu is 3.5-4 kg, 14-16 ten thousand seedlings per mu are protected, and the step four is as follows: field management: loosening soil in time, and cultivating once every 10-12 days when the seedlings are 10-12 cm high until ridge sealing at the bud stage. Step five: harvesting: generally, the flowers are harvested when the flowers are ripe more than seven times at the lower part and a small amount of flowers are still open at the upper part, and the flowers are harvested at a proper time, preferably before 11 am in the early morning on rainy days or in the early morning with high humidity. The buckwheat scientific planting method has the advantages of strong crop disease resistance, good growth vigor, obvious yield increase, production cost reduction, disease resistance and stress resistance improvement of buckwheat planting, planting cost reduction and planting income increase.

Description

Scientific buckwheat planting method

Technical Field

the invention relates to a scientific buckwheat planting method, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting.

Background

Buckwheat is also called buckwheat, is a coarse cereal crop, and is widely used in the field of buckwheat planting in China. Buckwheat is not only eaten as coarse cereals, but also has certain medicinal effects, can play roles in appetizing, promoting the intestines, promoting digestion and the like, and products processed from buckwheat in the market are popular with people, such as buckwheat bread, buckwheat cakes and the like, and many people see the prospect of buckwheat planting, so that more and more people grow buckwheat at present.

due to long-term continuous cropping and continuous increase of the using amount of the fertilizer, a large amount of organic matters are consumed in the field, particularly in greenhouse soil, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is lower than 10: 1. The phenomena of hardening, acidification and salinization of soil easily occur, the physical and chemical properties of the soil are seriously degraded, the number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil is sharply reduced, and intractable plant diseases and insect pests are continuously spread, thereby causing serious influence on the development of facility agriculture and the economic benefit of farmers.

disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the scientific planting method for the buckwheat, which has the advantages of strong crop disease resistance, good growth vigor, obviously increased yield, lowered production cost, improved disease resistance and stress resistance of buckwheat planting, lowered planting cost and increased planting income.

in order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a buckwheat scientific planting method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: breeding treatment: selecting new seeds with uniform seeds, seed coats and seed shapes, taking farmer varieties as matched varieties, soaking the mixed varieties in warm water at 35-40 ℃ for 10-15 minutes, adding a trace element solution for soaking, mixing the seeds with 20% of methyl isosalix phos emulsifiable oil or 0.5% of phorate emulsifiable oil accounting for 0.3-0.5% of the weight of the seeds, stacking the seeds for 3-4 hours, spreading and airing;

Step two: fertilizing: in sowing, base fertilizer and seed fertilizer are applied together, generally 150-180 kg of organic fertilizer, 1.5-2.0 ton of farmyard manure, 35-45 kg of phosphoric diamine, 25-30 kg of urea and 10-15 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu;

step three: sowing: the seeding quantity per mu is preferably 3.5-4 kg, 14-16 ten thousand seedlings per mu are protected, the seeding depth is 3-4 cm, and the thickness of covering soil is generally 3 cm;

step four: field management: loosening soil in time, cultivating once every 10-12 days when the height of the seedlings is 10-12 cm until ridge sealing at the bud stage, spraying 0.05% monopotassium phosphate solution and 0.02% boric acid solution at the initial flowering stage, and performing artificial pollination at the full flowering stage;

step five: harvesting: as the time for the plants to bloom and fruit up and down is different in the morning and evening, the plants are not mature regularly, more than seven flowers are generally mature at the lower part, and the plants are harvested when a small number of flowers are still open at the upper part. Harvesting at proper time. The buckwheat has a flowering period of 30-35 days, and seeds are formed 25-35 days after flowering. The granule dropping property is high, the loss is generally 20-40%, and the time is preferably from early morning to 11 am in rainy days or in the morning with high humidity.

the step one uses other trace element solution components as follows: ammonium molybdate (0.006%), potassium permanganate (0.05%), borax (0.02%).

The four artificial pollination modes in the step are preferably 8-10 am. The method is to use the wooden pole to transversely pull the plant for 2-3 times, once every 3 days.

compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of strong crop disease resistance, good growth vigor, obviously increased yield, reduced production cost, improved disease resistance and stress resistance of buckwheat planting, reduced planting cost and increased planting income.

Detailed Description

example 1

a buckwheat scientific planting method comprises the following steps:

The method comprises the following steps: breeding treatment: selecting new seeds with uniform size of seeds, seed coats and seed shapes, taking farmer varieties as matched varieties, soaking the mixed varieties in warm water at 35 ℃ for 10 minutes, adding a trace element solution for soaking, mixing the seeds with 20% of methyl isosalix phosphate emulsifiable concentrate or 0.5% of phorate emulsifiable concentrate which accounts for 0.3.5% of the weight of the seeds, uniformly stirring the seeds, stacking the seeds for 3 hours, spreading the seeds and drying the seeds in the air;

step two: fertilizing: in sowing, base fertilizer and seed fertilizer are applied together, generally about 150 kg of organic fertilizer, about 1.5 ton of farmyard manure, 35 kg of phosphoric diamine, 25 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu;

step three: sowing: the seeding quantity per mu is 3.5 kg, 14 ten thousand seedlings are kept per mu, the seeding depth is 3 cm, and the thickness of covering soil is generally 3 cm;

Step four: field management: loosening the soil in time, and intertilling once every 10 days when the height of the seedlings is 10 cm until ridge sealing at the bud stage. Spraying 0.05% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 0.02% boric acid solution in the initial flowering stage, and performing artificial pollination in the full flowering stage;

Step five: harvesting: as the time for plants to bloom and fruit up and down is different in the morning and evening, the plants are not mature regularly. Generally, the flowers are harvested when the lower part of the plant is more than seven percent mature and the upper part of the plant still has a few flowers open. Harvesting at proper time. The buckwheat has a flowering period of 30 days, and seeds are formed 25 to 35 days after flowering. The falling property is strong, and the loss is generally 20%. The time of day is preferably before 11 am in the early morning of rainy days or high humidity.

further, the step uses other trace element solution components as follows: ammonium molybdate (0.006%), potassium permanganate (0.05%), borax (0.02%).

Further, the four artificial pollination modes of the step are that the time is 8 am. The method involves pulling the plant transversely with the wooden pole 2 times, once every 3 days.

Example 2

A buckwheat scientific planting method comprises the following steps:

The method comprises the following steps: breeding treatment: selecting new seeds with uniform sizes of seeds, seed coats and seed shapes, taking farmer varieties as matched varieties, soaking the mixed varieties in warm water at 37.5 ℃ for 12.5 minutes, adding a trace element solution for soaking, mixing the seeds with 20% of methyl isosalix phosphate missible oil or 0.5% of methyl phorate missible oil accounting for 0.4% of the weight of the seeds, stacking the seeds for 3-4 hours after uniformly stirring, spreading and airing;

Step two: fertilizing: during sowing, base fertilizer and seed fertilizer are applied together, about 165 kg of organic fertilizer is generally applied to each mu, about 1.75 tons of farmyard manure is applied to each mu, 40 kg of phosphoric diamine, 27.5 kg of urea and 12.5 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu;

step three: sowing: the seeding quantity per mu is 3.75 kilograms, and 15 ten thousand seedlings per mu are kept. The sowing depth is 3.5 cm, and the thickness of the covering soil is generally 3 cm;

Step four: field management: and loosening the soil in time, and intertilling once every 11 days when the seedlings are 11 cm high until ridge sealing at the bud stage. Spraying 0.05% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 0.02% boric acid solution in the initial flowering stage, and performing artificial pollination in the full flowering stage;

Step five: harvesting: as the time for plants to bloom and fruit up and down is different in the morning and evening, the plants are not mature regularly. Generally, the flowers are harvested when the lower part of the plant is more than seven percent mature and the upper part of the plant still has a few flowers open. Harvesting at proper time. The buckwheat has a flowering period of 32.5 days, and seeds are formed 30 days after flowering. The falling property is strong, and the loss is generally 30%. The time of day is preferably before 11 am in the early morning of rainy days or high humidity.

Further, the four artificial pollination modes of the step are preferably 9 am. The method involves pulling the plant transversely with the wooden pole 2.5 times, once every 3 days.

Example 3

a buckwheat scientific planting method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: breeding treatment: selecting new seeds with uniform size of seeds, seed coats and seed shapes, taking farmer varieties as matched varieties, soaking the mixed varieties in warm water at 40 ℃ for 15 minutes, adding a trace element solution for soaking, mixing the seeds with 20% of methyl isosalix phosphate missible oil or 0.5% of phorate missible oil which is 0.5% of the weight of the seeds, stacking the seeds for 4 hours after uniformly stirring, spreading and airing;

step two: fertilizing: in sowing, base fertilizer and seed fertilizer are applied together, generally about 180 kg of organic fertilizer, about 2.0 ton of farmyard manure, 45 kg of phosphoric diamine, 30 kg of urea and 15 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu;

step three: sowing: the sowing quantity per mu is 4 kilograms, 16 tens of thousands of seedlings are protected per mu, the sowing depth is 4 centimeters, and the thickness of the covering soil is generally 3 centimeters;

Step four: field management: and loosening the soil in time, and intertilling once every 12 days when the seedlings are 12 cm high until ridge sealing at the bud stage. Spraying 0.05% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 0.02% boric acid solution in the initial flowering stage, and performing artificial pollination in the full flowering stage;

step five: harvesting: as the time for plants to bloom and fruit up and down is different in the morning and evening, the plants are not mature regularly. Generally, the flowers are harvested when the lower part of the plant is more than seven percent mature and the upper part of the plant still has a few flowers open. Harvesting at proper time. The buckwheat has a florescence as long as 35 days, and seeds are formed 35 days after the buckwheat blooms. The falling property is strong, and the loss is generally 40%. The time of day is preferably before 11 am in the early morning of rainy days or high humidity.

further, the four artificial pollination modes of the step are preferably 10 am. The method involves pulling the plant transversely with the wooden pole 3 times, once every 3 days.

compared with the prior art, the buckwheat scientific planting method has the advantages that the disease resistance of crops is strong, the growth vigor is good, the yield is obviously increased, the production cost is reduced, the disease resistance and stress resistance of buckwheat planting are improved, the planting cost is reduced, and the planting income is increased.

Claims

1. A buckwheat scientific planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Step five: harvesting: as the time for the plants to bloom and fruit up and down is different in the morning and evening, the plants are not regular in maturity, more than seven mature plants are generally grown at the lower part, and harvesting is suitable when a small amount of flowers are still opened at the upper part, and harvesting is carried out at a proper time; the buckwheat has a long flowering period of 30-35 days, forms seeds 25-35 days after flowering, has strong seed falling performance, generally loses 20-40%, and is best to be used in rainy days or early morning with high humidity until 11 am.

2. The scientific buckwheat planting method according to claim 1, wherein the step uses other trace element solution components: ammonium molybdate (0.006%), potassium permanganate (0.05%), borax (0.02%).

3. the scientific planting method of buckwheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the four artificial pollination steps are carried out at 8-10 am by pulling the plant with the wood rod 2-3 times transversely, once every 3 days.