CN110547157A - Method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles - Google Patents

Method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110547157A
CN110547157A CN201910955999.8A CN201910955999A CN110547157A CN 110547157 A CN110547157 A CN 110547157A CN 201910955999 A CN201910955999 A CN 201910955999A CN 110547157 A CN110547157 A CN 110547157A
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China
Prior art keywords
bud
banana
urea
suckers
pseudostem
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CN201910955999.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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冯斗
禤维言
胡雪恒
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Guangxi University
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Guangxi University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/05Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for removing banana suckers by urea particles, belonging to the field of fruit tree cultivation. The urea particles are used as a bud removing agent, a small cavity is drilled in the growing point area of the banana buds, 20-30 g of urea particles are added, and a local and short-term high-urea-concentration environment is formed, so that the banana buds are killed in a contact-killing manner without damaging mother plants. The method has the advantages of high efficiency of bud absorption of inactivated bananas, quick response, no relapse, safe, environment-friendly, economic and convenient use, wide sources and the like, and the used urea bud removing agent is a fertilizer widely used in daily production.

Description

Method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles
Technical Field
the invention belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles.
Background
Bananas belong to the Musaceae family (Musaceae) Musa genus (Musa) and are recognized by the food and agriculture organization of the united nations as the fourth largest food grain, an important tropical fruit suitable for tropical and southern asia tropical planting, and the third largest fruit in the world next to grapes and citrus. In the world, more than 130 countries for cultivating bananas are available, and the bananas are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions within 30 degrees of north and south latitude. China is one of the major countries of bananas, and banana planting is mainly distributed in places such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Hainan, Fujian and Taiwan, and a small amount of cultivation is also available in the southern part of Sichuan and Guizhou. The banana planting technology has high economic benefit, becomes the agricultural support industry of provinces such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Fujian and the like in China, and plays an important role in the development of hot-area economy and rural society.
Bananas have the habit of sprouting and sprouting, namely after the banana plants grow to a certain degree, axillary buds of underground bulbs of the banana plants sprout and grow and sprout out of the ground to form progeny plants (sprouting). The banana suckers have various characteristics, namely, in the life cycle of a mother plant, the suckers are more in suckers, and the suckers are dispersed in suckers and have long duration. The cultivation method is characterized in that the cultivation method is different according to different varieties and different growing climatic cultivation environments, the number of the cultivation environments is more than ten, the number of the cultivation environments is more than dozens, and the duration can be from spring to autumn. Secondly, in the vegetative growth period and the prophase of the differentiation and growth of the young fruits which grow in the reproduction period, the growth point of the suckling bud is positioned underground, and the continuous meristematic leaves are drawn out of the ground to form a suckling bud plant which consists of pseudostems and grows continuously. Thirdly, the banana suckers are structurally integrated with the parent plant and physically compete with the parent plant, and the banana suckers compete for nutrition with the parent banana plant in the growing process, so that the parent plant grows slowly, buds are taken out and blossoms are delayed, fruits are mature late, and the quality and the yield of the fruits are reduced. The existing research shows that the bud removal in the banana cultivation process can improve the yield by 5-15 percent, and shorten the growth period by 15-30 days, so that the bud removal is an essential link and an important technology for the standardized high-yield cultivation production of bananas.
The growth and development characteristics and morphological structure of the banana buds are important limiting factors for restricting the establishment of a banana bud removing technology and are also key bases for establishing the bud removing technology. In the actual production of bananas nowadays, the traditional manual bud removing method, namely manual cutting and manual digging, is mostly adopted for bud removal of bananas. The former method has the advantages of convenience, simplicity and labor saving, but has the problem that only overground pseudostem parts of the suckers are cut off, and underground suckers growing points which are not removed can continue to grow, develop and extract to grow into new suckers, so that the suckers need to be cut off repeatedly for a plurality of times in the following process. The later method is to use a hoe and other instruments to dig out the whole bud sucking banana plant including the underground part, and has the advantages of thorough bud removal, labor and time waste in the bud removal process, high labor intensity and low efficiency, the mother plant is often injured during the bud removal, mechanical wound is formed after the bud removal, soil around the mother plant is loosened, the mother plant is easy to shake and fall down, and the risk of insect diseases such as banana wilt and the like is increased.
So far, aiming at the defects existing in the traditional manual bud removal of bananas and the characteristics of bud absorption and growth, a plurality of new technologies aiming at the defects existing in the traditional banana bud removal are established. These techniques can be classified into mechanical method bud removal and chemical agent method bud removal. The common feature of the mechanical bud removing technology is that a drill bit, a sharp knife, a blade and the like connected with a drill rod are pressed in and rotated to cut a bud-sucking pseudostem and then the bud-sucking pseudostem is drilled into the ground to stab and damage a bud-sucking growing point, so that the mechanical bud removing is realized. Compared with the traditional manual bud removing technology, the technology overcomes the defect that the manual bud cutting technology needs to remove buds for multiple times to a greater extent, improves the labor intensity to a different extent compared with the manual bud digging method, but still has the following defects to be improved: first, mechanical wounds are inevitably produced to different degrees and the stock plant is easily injured, and thus the risk problem that the wounds are infected with diseases and insects is to be solved. Secondly, the mechanical bud removal is carried out by using a drill rod with a sharp knife, a drill bit or a blade, the mechanical bud removal is carried out by pushing the mechanical bud removal into the bud-absorbing pseudostem and rotating the bud-absorbing growth point to damage the bud-absorbing growth point, the resistance is increased if the drill bit blade with a larger cross section is adopted, the manual operation is labor-consuming and time-consuming, the drill bit blade with a small cross section is used, the bud removal is carried out on the bud-absorbing pseudostem with a larger stem diameter, the growth point at the top end of the bud-absorbing pseudostem can be damaged, some axillary buds at the periphery of the bud-absorbing bulb are not damaged and can be germinated due to the damage of the top end advantages, and. The chemical bud removing technology achieves the purpose of removing buds by regulating and controlling the physiological activity of bud absorption through a chemical, has the advantages of high bud removing efficiency, labor and time saving in operation and the like, but has two problems to be solved: firstly, the high-efficiency and environment-friendly banana bud removing agent is developed and obtained, and secondly, the pesticide application technology with stable pesticide effect and simple and convenient operation is established. The chemical bud removing technology established so far develops and utilizes organic chemical medicines such as flumetralin, pendimethalin, 1, 2-dihydropyridazine-3, 6-diketone, biodiesel, methyl oleate, 2, 4-D butyric acid and the like as main components of a bud removing agent, the application amount of a single plant is small, the harm is small, but the banana bud sucking quantity is large, and the existing residue and possible environmental pollution risk are still to be evaluated if the banana bud sucking quantity is large and the banana bud sucking quantity is applied by continuous cropping. The pesticide application method of the technologies adopts a method of cutting off the bud and then coating a medicament on a cut plane, or firstly cutting off the pseudostem on the bud-sucking land and injecting by using an injector when 1-2 leaves grow out newly, or directly injecting the bud-sucking banana plants. The application technology has higher requirement, the efficiency is not high, the dosage control is not easy, and the problems of unstable bud removing effect and easy phytotoxicity to the parent plant exist. 'a banana chemical bud removing device (201520282690.4)' and 'a chemical bud removing device (201621470638.2)' establish a pesticide application technology which adopts motor drive and uses an injection head with a spirally arranged pesticide spraying hole to insert a bud absorbing pseudostem, and the simplicity and the stability of pesticide application operation are improved to a certain extent. The banana bud picking and removing device (201520357469.0) is a bud removing technology which combines mechanical and chemical agents, but the mechanical bud removing technology still adopts a scheme similar to the above technology that a drill bit is inserted into the bud by a drill rod. In addition, the medicine injection channel of the technology has the problem of unsmooth and uneven medicine liquid conveying caused by the fact that the outlet is easy to be blocked. "a device for mechanical and chemical bud removal of banana (application No. 201910835752.2)" provides a novel technique for the simple application of liquid and solid bud removal agents for chemical bud removal.
So far, the technology can not be popularized in banana production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles is provided, and the used urea bud removing agent is a fertilizer commonly used in daily production and has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, high efficiency, economy, convenience in use and wide source.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The urea particles are used as the banana bud removing agent, and the single bud sucking amount is 10 to 40 grams.
Preferably, the urea granules as the sprout removing agent are used in an amount of 20 g to 30 g, depending on the size of the sprout to be removed.
The application of said sprout-removing agent urea is carried out by selecting sprout-absorbing with base diameter of 3 cm and above 3 cm to remove sprout, and cutting the pseudostem on the sprout-absorbing ground with sharp instrument at 5 cm to 10 cm from the sprout-absorbing ground; then, downwards excavating pseudostem tissues in the middle of the suckers in the middle of the cutting surfaces of the suckers by using a punching tool to form a cylindrical cavity, wherein the diameter of the cavity is 1.8-2.0 cm, the depth of the cavity reaches the underground growth point area of the suckers, and the depth of the cavity is 10-20 cm according to the size of the suckers to be removed and the amount of urea particles to be used; finally, 20 g to 30 g urea granules were added to the cavity.
Preferably, the cavity boring tool uses a simple and efficient hole punch. The puncher is a hollow slender pipe with the length of 80-90 cm, the outer diameter of 1.8-2.0 cm and the wall thickness of 1.2-1.5 mm, the lower end of the pipe is ground into a sharp knife edge shape, the upper end of the pipe is fixedly connected with a short circular pipe handle, a discharge hole is arranged on the side wall of the long pipe at a position 15-25 cm away from the lower end, and a short cylindrical plug with the lower end being an inclined surface is firmly arranged in the inner cavity of the pipe at the upper end of the discharge hole. When cavity drilling is carried out, a handle of the puncher is held by the right hand, the lower end of the puncher is arranged in the middle of the plane of the cut bud sucking pseudostem, then the lower end of the puncher is inserted into the bud sucking pseudostem by pressing the handle lightly with force for 10-20 cm and deeply reaching the growth point area of the pseudostem, the puncher is twisted by a cis-needle for 90 degrees and then rotates by 90 degrees counterclockwise, and finally the puncher is pulled away from the bud sucking by slight force. Thus, the delicate tissues in the middle and top growing point regions of the suckers are pressed into the cavities of the lower organs of the puncher and are twisted off and taken away from the suckers to form cavities. Repeating the above operation can complete cavity punching of the next bud suction, and the bud suction tissue which is pressed in and cut off during the previous punching and is remained in the tube cavity at the lower end of the puncher is pressed upwards and pushed upwards by the new bud suction tissue pressed in the cavity during the next punching, and finally the bud suction tissue is discharged out of the puncher from the discharge hole under the guidance of the short cylindrical blocking inclined plane.
The technical principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
It is known that improper application of urea in production can cause the burning of roots and seedling and even death of crops, therefore, the common thinking is that urea cannot be used in too large amount and too high concentration. We pay attention to the difference of the damage degree of improper urea to crops, and inspired by 'attacking poison with poison', we firstly form the thinking of 'whether the urea can be used for weeding banana buds in a proper way without damaging mother plants', aiming at the problem, the technical principle of the invention is established by research and experiment: a local and short-term high urea concentration environment is established in a bud growing point area, so that the bud is killed in a contact-killing manner without damaging a mother plant. The establishment of the technology benefits from the research and mining of the following two characteristics of banana bud absorption: firstly, the physiological banana bud can form more root flowing liquid after cutting off the overground pseudostem. A limited small amount of urea is applied to the bud sucking area, and dissolved by root flow liquid to form a high urea concentration environment, and the concentration is gradually diluted along with the increase of root flow; secondly, the banana bud is structurally brittle, tender and breakable in the growing point region of the overground longitudinal fibrous pseudostem and the underground true stem. Lays an important foundation for establishing a simple and convenient drug application mode of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the following examples, banana stock plants of substantially uniform size were first selected and then bud removal was performed on suckers whose base diameters reached 3 cm and 3 cm or more. When the bud removal is carried out, except that only the aboveground pseudostem treatment of the bud absorption is cut in the control group 2, holes are punched by using a simple and efficient puncher in other embodiments after the bud absorption is cut, the holes reach the growing point area of the bud absorption and are 10 cm to 20 cm in height, and urea particles and clean water (the control group) which are required by the corresponding embodiment are applied in the cavity.
Example 1: 5 g of urea granules were added to the cavity.
Example 2: 10 grams of urea prills were added to the cavity.
Example 3: 20 g of urea granules were added to the cavity.
Example 4: 30 g of urea granules were added to the cavity.
Example 5: 40 grams of urea prills were added to the cavity.
Control group 1: after the pseudostem on the bud-absorbing ground is cut off, a cavity is drilled and the ground is filled with clear water.
Control group 2: only the pseudostem of the part above the rain is cut off, and no cavity is drilled.
The treatment of each example was repeated three times, and the number of suckling deaths was checked and the mortality was counted at 2 weeks after the treatment, and the number of leaf growth of the stock plant and the amount of increase in the pseudostem circumference at 50 cm from the ground were observed at 3 weeks.
The effects of the implementation are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 Effect of the invention on the degermination with different amounts of Urea
it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and any equivalent alterations and equivalent changes made to the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention. The technical contents claimed by the invention are all described in the claims.

Claims (4)

1. A method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles is characterized by comprising the following steps: for the banana bud to be removed, firstly, a sharp cutter is used for cutting off the overground pseudostem part, then, the middle tissue of the bud-absorbing pseudostem is dug downwards by a punching tool to form a cylindrical cavity in the middle of the cutting surface of the bud-removed overground pseudostem, and then, urea particles are added into the cavity.
2. The method for removing banana suckers by using urea granules according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the base of the suckling bud to be removed is not less than 3 cm, and the overground pseudostem of the suckling bud is cut off at a position 5 cm to 10 cm away from the suckling bud.
3. The method for removing banana suckers by using urea granules according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diameter of the cavity punched by the puncher is 1.8-2.0 cm, the height is 10-20 cm, and the cavity reaches the growth point area of the pseudostem.
4. The method for removing banana suckers by using urea granules according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the amount of urea granules added to each cavity of the suckling bud is between 20 and 30 grams.
CN201910955999.8A 2019-09-25 2019-09-25 Method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles Pending CN110547157A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111684995A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-22 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103477887A (en) * 2013-08-26 2014-01-01 广西大学 Chemical prevention and control technology for water sprouts of bananas
CN107439290A (en) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-08 广西大学 A kind of banana inhales bud machinery and removes bud technology

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103477887A (en) * 2013-08-26 2014-01-01 广西大学 Chemical prevention and control technology for water sprouts of bananas
CN107439290A (en) * 2016-05-31 2017-12-08 广西大学 A kind of banana inhales bud machinery and removes bud technology

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王玲,杨琼芬,陈军,程耿: "香蕉组培苗栽培技术" *
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111684995A (en) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-22 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 Method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles

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