CN110558171A - Fertilizer liquid banana bud removing agent and use method thereof - Google Patents
Fertilizer liquid banana bud removing agent and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 240000005561 Musa balbisiana Species 0.000 title 1
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- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- PWNAWOCHVWERAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Flumetralin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C=1C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=1N(CC)CC1=C(F)C=CC=C1Cl PWNAWOCHVWERAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N methyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pendimethalin Chemical compound CCC(CC)NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C)C(C)=C1[N+]([O-])=O CHIFOSRWCNZCFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/02—Sulfur; Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid fertilizer banana bud remover and a use method thereof, belonging to the field of fruit tree cultivation. The method is characterized in that urea aqueous solution and potassium sulfate saturated solution are used as bud removing agents, the bottle mouth of a plastic bottle with a flat small opening filled with bud removing fertilizer solution is inserted into the middle of a bud absorbing cutting surface for removing overground part pseudostems through cutting, and the formed short-time and local high-concentration urea and potassium sulfate solution environment is used for killing banana bud absorbing growth point tissues in a contact killing mode to achieve bud removal. The method has the advantages of high efficiency of bud absorption of inactivated bananas, quick response, no relapse, and the used bud removing agent is urea and potassium sulfate which are widely used in daily production, and has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, economy, convenient use, wide principle source and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of banana planting, and particularly relates to a liquid fertilizer banana bud remover and a using method thereof.
Technical Field
Bananas belong to Musa (Musaceae) genus Musa (Musa) family, and more than 130 countries for cultivating bananas in the world are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions within 30 degrees of latitude in North and south. Bananas are recognized by the food and agriculture organization of the united nations as the fourth largest food, and are also important tropical fruits suitable for tropical and southern Asia tropical planting, second only to grapes and citrus in the world. China is one of the major producing countries of bananas, and banana planting is mainly distributed in places such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Hainan, Fujian and Taiwan, and a small amount of cultivation is also available in the southern part of Sichuan and Guizhou. The banana planting has high economic benefit, becomes agricultural supporting industry in provinces such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan and Fujian in China, and plays an important role in the development of hot-area economy and rural society.
The banana has the characteristic of sprouting, namely after the banana plants grow to a certain degree, the axillary buds of the underground corms sprout and grow to sprout and sprout out of the ground to form progeny plants. The number and the duration of the suction buds are different according to varieties and growing climatic cultivation environments, less are more than ten, more are dozens, and the duration can be from spring to autumn. The competition between the growth of banana bud and the nutrition of the mother banana plant can lead to slow growth, late bud drawing and flowering and late fruit ripening of the mother plant, and reduce the quality and yield of the fruit. The existing research shows that the yield can be improved by 5-15% by removing buds in the banana cultivation process, and the growth period is shortened by 15-30 days. The implementation of bud removal is an essential technical link and an important technology for standardized high-yield cultivation production of bananas.
The growth and development characteristics and morphological structure of the banana buds are important limiting factors for restricting the establishment of a banana bud removing technology and are also key bases for establishing the bud removing technology. In the actual production of bananas nowadays, the traditional manual bud removing method, namely manual cutting and manual digging, is mostly adopted for bud removal of bananas. The former method has the advantages of convenience, simplicity and labor saving, but has the problem that only overground pseudostem parts of the suckers are cut off, and underground suckers growing points which are not removed can continue to grow, develop and extract to grow into new suckers, so that the suckers need to be cut off repeatedly for a plurality of times in the following process. The later method is to use a hoe and other instruments to dig out the whole bud sucking banana plant including the underground part, has the advantages of thorough bud removal, and has the defects of labor and time waste in the bud removal process, high labor intensity and low efficiency, the mother plant is often injured during the bud removal, mechanical wound is formed after the bud removal, soil around the mother plant is loosened, the mother plant is easy to shake and fall down, and the risk of insect pests such as banana wilt and the like is increased.
so far, aiming at the defects existing in the traditional manual bud removal of bananas and the characteristics of bud absorption and growth, a plurality of new technologies aiming at the defects existing in the traditional banana bud removal are established. These techniques can be classified into mechanical method bud removal and chemical agent method bud removal. The common feature of the mechanical bud removing technology is that a drill bit, a sharp knife, a blade and the like connected with a drill rod are pressed in and rotated to cut a bud-sucking pseudostem and then the bud-sucking pseudostem is drilled into the ground to stab and damage a bud-sucking growing point, so that the mechanical bud removing is realized. Compared with the traditional manual bud removing technology, the technology overcomes the defect that the manual bud cutting technology needs to remove buds for multiple times to a greater extent, improves the labor intensity to a different extent compared with the manual bud digging method, but still has the following defects to be improved: first, mechanical wounds are inevitably produced to different degrees and the stock plant is easily injured, and thus the risk problem that the wounds are infected with diseases and insects is to be solved. Secondly, the mechanical bud removal is carried out by using a drill rod with a sharp knife, a drill bit or a blade, the mechanical bud removal is carried out by pushing the mechanical bud removal into the bud-absorbing pseudostem and rotating the bud-absorbing growth point to damage the bud-absorbing growth point, the resistance is increased if the drill bit blade with a larger cross section is adopted, the manual operation is labor-consuming and time-consuming, the drill bit blade with a small cross section is used, the bud removal is carried out on the bud-absorbing pseudostem with a larger stem diameter, the growth point at the top end of the bud-absorbing pseudostem can be damaged, some axillary buds at the periphery of the bud-absorbing bulb are not damaged and can be germinated due to the damage of the top end advantages, and. The chemical bud removing technology achieves the purpose of removing buds by regulating and controlling the physiological activity of bud absorption through a chemical, has the advantages of high bud removing efficiency, labor and time saving in operation and the like, but has two problems to be solved: firstly, the high-efficiency and environment-friendly banana bud removing agent is developed and obtained, and secondly, the pesticide application technology with stable pesticide effect and simple and convenient operation is established. The chemical bud removing technology established so far develops and utilizes organic chemical medicines such as flumetralin, pendimethalin, 1, 2-dihydropyridazine-3, 6-diketone, biodiesel, methyl oleate, 2, 4-D butyric acid and the like as main components of a bud removing agent, the application amount of a single plant is small, the harm is small, but the banana bud sucking quantity is large, and the existing residue and possible environmental pollution risk are still to be evaluated if the banana bud sucking quantity is large and the banana bud sucking quantity is applied by continuous cropping. The pesticide application method of the technologies adopts a method of cutting off the bud and then coating a medicament on a cut plane, or firstly cutting off the pseudostem on the bud-sucking land and injecting by using an injector when 1-2 leaves grow out newly, or directly injecting the bud-sucking banana plants. The application technology has higher requirement, the efficiency is not high, the dosage control is not easy, and the problems of unstable bud removing effect and easy phytotoxicity to the parent plant exist. 'a banana chemical bud removing device (201520282690.4)' and 'a chemical bud removing device (201621470638.2)' establish a pesticide application technology which adopts motor drive and uses an injection head with a spirally arranged pesticide spraying hole to insert a bud absorbing pseudostem, and the simplicity and the stability of pesticide application operation are improved to a certain extent. The banana bud picking and removing device (201520357469.0) is a bud removing technology which combines mechanical and chemical agents, but the mechanical bud removing technology still adopts a scheme similar to the above technology that a drill bit is inserted into the bud by a drill rod. In addition, the medicine injection channel of the technology has the problem of unsmooth and uneven medicine liquid conveying caused by the fact that the outlet is easy to be blocked. "a device for mechanical and chemical bud removal of banana (application No. 201910835752.2)" provides a novel technique for the simple application of liquid and solid bud removal agents for chemical bud removal.
So far, the technology can not be popularized in banana production.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The banana bud removing agent is urea aqueous solution and potassium sulfate aqueous solution, and one bud removing agent is used for each bud absorption. When the urea aqueous solution is used, the using amount of a single suckling bud is 80 milliliters of the urea aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 60 percent and above; when an aqueous potassium sulfate solution is used, 80 ml of a saturated aqueous potassium sulfate solution is used as a single suckling bud.
Preferably, the aqueous urea solution sprout remover is used in a concentration of 60 to 90% by mass, depending on the size of the suckers to be removed.
Preferably, the bud of the banana plants in the early vegetative growth stage is removed, the urea aqueous solution bud removing agent is used independently, the bud of the banana plants in the superimposed vegetative growth and reproductive growth stages is removed, and the urea aqueous solution and the potassium sulfate aqueous solution with the concentrations are used cooperatively; and (3) removing buds of plants in the later reproductive growth stage, and independently using the potassium sulfate saturated aqueous solution bud removing agent.
The application of the bud removing agent fertilizer solution is implemented according to the following method, firstly, the bud removing agent fertilizer solution is respectively filled in small flat light plastic bottles with the volume of 80 ml, after the fertilizer solution is filled in the bottles, the bottle openings are sealed by sealing films, and 1 banana bud sucking is processed by each bottle of the fertilizer solution. The height of the bottle is not more than 5 cm, the inner diameter of the bottle mouth is 1.5 cm to 2 cm, and the height of the bottle neck is 1.5 cm to 2 cm; when the bud removal is carried out, a sharp cutter is used for cutting off the pseudostem of the overground part of the bud absorption part at the position 2-5 cm away from the bud absorption part, then, the bottle mouth of a bottle filled with a fertilizer liquid bud removal agent is aligned to the middle of the plane of the bud absorption cut, the bottle is lightly pressed, the bottle neck is inserted into the pseudostem of the bud absorption part, and the pseudostem tissue pierces through a sealing film and is inserted into the bottle mouth for 1.5 cm-2 cm.
The technical principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
it is known that improper application of fertilizers such as urea potassium sulfate in production can cause burn roots, seedling damage and death of crops, and therefore, the common thinking is that the amount and concentration of urea cannot be too large when the urea is used. We pay attention to the difference of the damage degree of improper use of urea, potassium sulfate and the like to crops, and inspired by 'attacking poison with poison', firstly, the thinking of 'whether the urea, the potassium sulfate and the like can be used for weeding banana suckers rightly without damaging mother plants' is formed, and then the invention is established by research and experiment aiming at the problem. The technical principle of the invention is as follows: a local and short-term high-concentration urea and potassium sulfate environment is established in a bud growing point area, so that the bud is killed in a contact-killing manner without damaging a mother plant. One of the important keys for establishing the technology of the invention is that the important characteristic of banana bud is utilized by research and development, namely, the physiological characteristic that more root flowing liquid is formed after the banana bud cuts off the overground pseudostem. When urea and potassium sulfate aqueous solution with limited quantity and high concentration are applied to the bud absorption area, the firstly formed 'high-concentration fertilizer solution environment' kills tissues in the bud absorption growing point area, and then the fertilizer solution concentration is diluted by the root flow solution which is continuously secreted and is reduced to remove the 'high-concentration fertilizer solution environment', so that a 'transient, local and contact-killing type' bud removing mechanism is formed. The invention provides a method for removing banana suckers by utilizing fertilizer liquid, wherein the fertilizer liquid is urea aqueous solution and potassium sulfate aqueous solution, is a fertilizer commonly used in daily production, and has the advantages of safety, environmental protection, high efficiency, economy, convenience in use, wide raw material source and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
The banana variety material for implementing the bud-removing test is the bud-sucking of the first generation banana of the No. 1 canna. The degermination is carried out with a saturated aqueous solution of urea (with partly insoluble granules). Three treatments with different fertilizer solution dosages of 200 ml, 250 ml and 300 ml are set. 5 banana plants are treated by using each fertilizer solution, and 15 mother plants are obtained by repeating the steps for three times. When the bud removal is carried out, firstly, fertilizer liquid with the test dosage is filled into a daily-used 550 ml mineral water bottle, the bottle is sealed by a sealing film, and 1 banana bud absorption is processed by each bottle of fertilizer liquid; then, randomly selecting banana plants with basically consistent sizes (each plant has suckers with different sizes and different numbers), and cutting off pseudostems of overground parts of the suckers at positions 2-5 cm away from the ground by using a sharp cutter; finally, a bottle of fertilizer liquid is taken, the bottle mouth is aligned to the middle of the plane of the bud suction incision, then the bottle is lightly pressed, the bottle mouth end of the bottle is inserted into the pseudostem of the bud suction, and the pseudostem tissue pierces the sealing film and is inserted into the bottle mouth to reach 2 cm to 3 cm. In the test, a blank control is set by using clear water to replace urea fertilizer liquid.
The suckling mortality rate at 14 days after the sprout removal treatment and the increase in the thickness (diameter 50 cm from the ground) of the leaves and pseudostems of the stock plant at 21 days were counted. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 De-bud Effect of bananas with different amounts of saturated aqueous solution of urea
Remarking: in the test process, in two treatments of 250 ml and 300 ml, 2 treatments of 250 ml and 3 treatments of 300 ml are respectively carried out in a common mineral water bottle, and the buds are not killed because the plastic bottle is inclined to fall and lose the fertilizer liquid.
Example 2:
In this example, the same procedures and observations as in example 1 were carried out except that the saturated aqueous solution of potassium sulfate was used instead of the saturated aqueous solution of urea used in the treatment in example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 bud removal Effect of bananas with different amounts of saturated aqueous solution of potassium sulfate
Example 3
The material for implementing the bud removal test is the bud absorption of banana variety Gui Banana No. 9. And (4) removing buds by adopting urea aqueous solutions with different concentrations. The method comprises the steps of setting 5 treatments with different concentrations such as 15%, 30%, 60% and 90% aqueous solution and saturated (at normal temperature, a little undissolved urea particles are prepared after standing overnight) aqueous solution in percentage by mass, wherein the number of banana plants treated with each treatment concentration is 3, and the total number of banana plants is 9 after 3 times of treatment. The amount of fertilizer solution used for each treatment was 80 ml per suckling bud. In order to avoid the bottle from falling down in the treatment process, the bottle is contained in a flat small-caliber light plastic small bottle with the volume of 80 milliliters, the height of the bottle is not more than 5 centimeters, the inner diameter of the bottle opening is 1.5 centimeters to 2 centimeters, and the height of the bottle neck is 1.5 centimeters to 2 centimeters. The procedure and observation for removing sprouts were as described in example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 bud removal Effect of bananas with different concentrations of urea aqueous solution
Example 4
in this example, the same procedures and observations as in example 1 were carried out except that the urea aqueous solutions of different concentrations used in example 3 were replaced with potassium sulfate aqueous solutions of different concentrations for the purpose of removing sprouts, and the set fertilizer solution mass percentage concentrations were changed to 3 types of treatments, i.e., 5% and 10% potassium sulfate aqueous solutions, and saturated (at room temperature, a little insoluble urea particles were prepared after standing overnight) potassium sulfate aqueous solutions. The results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 bud removal Effect of bananas with different concentrations of aqueous potassium sulfate solution
It should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and any equivalent alterations and equivalent changes made to the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention. The technical contents claimed by the invention are all described in the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A liquid fertilizer banana bud remover and a using method thereof are characterized in that: during the bud picking period of the banana, a sharp cutter is used for cutting off the pseudostem of the overground part of the bud at the position 2-5 cm away from the ground of the bud base, then the bottle mouth of a small plastic bottle filled with a fertilizer liquid bud remover in advance is aligned to the middle of the bud picking section, the bottle neck is inserted into the pseudostem of the bud by slightly pressing the bottle, and the pseudostem tissue is inserted into the bottle mouth.
2. The liquid fertilizer banana bud remover and the use method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid fertilizer banana bud remover comprises the following components: the fertilizer solution bud removing agent comprises two kinds, wherein one kind is urea aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 60% -90%, the other kind is potassium sulfate aqueous solution with the saturated concentration, one kind of bud removing agent is used for each banana bud absorption during bud removal, and the dosage of the bud removing agent for each bud absorption is 80 milliliters in one bottle.
3. The liquid fertilizer banana bud remover and the use method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid fertilizer banana bud remover comprises the following components: the method comprises the following steps of (1) removing buds of banana plants in vegetative growth period, using the urea aqueous solution bud removing agent with the concentration alone, removing buds of banana plants in the superposition period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and using the urea aqueous solution and the potassium sulfate aqueous solution with the concentrations in a matching manner; and (3) removing buds of plants in the reproductive growth period, and independently using the potassium sulfate saturated aqueous solution bud removing agent.
4. The liquid fertilizer banana bud remover and the use method thereof as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid fertilizer banana bud remover comprises the following components: the small plastic bottle for containing the fertilizer liquid bud removing agent is a flat small-caliber light plastic bottle with the volume of 80 ml, the height of the bottle is not more than 5 cm, the inner diameter of the bottle opening is 1.5 cm to 2 cm, and the height of the bottle neck is 1.5 cm to 2 cm; after the plastic bottle is filled with the fertilizer liquid bud removing agent, the bottle mouth is sealed by a sealing film; when bud is removed, the bottle neck is inserted into the bud-absorbing tissue to reach 1.5 cm to 2 cm, and the pseudostem tissue punctures the sealing film of the bottle neck and is inserted into the bottle neck to 1.5 cm to 2 cm.
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| CN201910956000.1A CN110558171A (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Fertilizer liquid banana bud removing agent and use method thereof |
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| CN201910956000.1A Pending CN110558171A (en) | 2019-09-25 | 2019-09-25 | Fertilizer liquid banana bud removing agent and use method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111684995A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles |
| CN112544358A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for reducing morbidity of first-generation tissue culture seedlings of blight-resistant banana varieties |
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| CN204560362U (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-08-19 | 海南大学 | A kind of banana chemistry is except bud device |
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| CN105685073A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-22 | 贵州省烟草公司铜仁市公司 | Urea paste tobacco suckercide and applying method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111684995A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-22 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for removing banana suckers by using urea particles |
| CN112544358A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-26 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for reducing morbidity of first-generation tissue culture seedlings of blight-resistant banana varieties |
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