CN110526762A - A kind of charcoal base organic medical fertilizer and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of charcoal base organic medical fertilizer and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN110526762A CN110526762A CN201810508560.6A CN201810508560A CN110526762A CN 110526762 A CN110526762 A CN 110526762A CN 201810508560 A CN201810508560 A CN 201810508560A CN 110526762 A CN110526762 A CN 110526762A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of charcoal base organic medical fertilizers and its preparation method and application.The organic medical fertilizer includes the raw material components of following weight percent: Diacloden 0.1%-20%, biomass carbon 20%-80%, urea 10%-50%, adhesive 1%-15%.The organic medical fertilizer is prepared by the following method to obtain: the biomass carbon, urea, adhesive and Diacloden being uniformly mixed, mixed material is obtained；Add water in the mixed material and stir evenly, obtains water-containing materials；The water-containing materials are granulated, it is dry to get.After organic medical fertilizer of the invention combines Diacloden, biomass carbon and urea, three can play the role of interaction synergy, insecticidal effect and fertilizer efficiency are all improved significantly, decrement while can be realized farmland fertilizer and pesticide, it is able to extend the lasting period of pesticide and fertilizer simultaneously, plant growth is effectively facilitated, improves crop yield, and the using in farmland amount and application times of fertilizer and pesticide can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural pesticides and technical field of fertilizers, more particularly to a kind of charcoal base organic medical fertilizer and its system
Preparation Method and application.
Background technique
Sugarcane is that most important sugar crop, China's sugarcane acreage rank the third of the world position in the world.China sugarcane master
Producing region is concentrated mainly on west and south border area, and wherein Guangxi, Yunnan are the maximum sugar cane production base in China, cultivated area
90% or more of the whole nation is accounted for yield；These areas are also ethnic minority live inconcentrated communities, and economic development relatively lags behind, and sugar industry is weight
The important channel of the pillar of the economy industry and farmers' income wanted.Sugarcane yield is improved to local economy and peasant with particularly significant
Meaning.In addition, sugarcane is also important bio-energy crop in China, Brazil replaces gasoline using sugarcane large-scale production energy ethanol
Successful, it can be seen that, sugarcane is similarly well worth doing as energy crop.Therefore, Sugarcane Industry is greatly developed, it is ensured that
Sugarcane yield is not only to meet the demand of the needs of our sugar industries and the development of future biological energy industry.
Sugarcane is suitble to plant in fertile soil, place sunny, summer in the winter temperature difference is big, now plants extensively in the torrid zone and Asia
Torrid areas.For cane planting, on the one hand, its growth period is long, and fertilizer requirement is big, and needs repeatedly fertilising, but traditional fertilizer
Utilization rate is not high, not only results in wastage of material, and can cause environmental pollution, and relatively tired in the fertilising application of its Later growth
Difficulty, thus often will appear de- fertile problem；On the other hand, the generation phase of sugarcane primary pest is long, and traditional insecticide drug effect is short,
It needs to carry out multiple desinsection, and in the sugarcane production later period, the difficult problem of laxative can be faced, thus will lead to pest problem.This
Both sides problem can all seriously affect the yield of sugarcane, and fertilising and desinsection are the two big principal elements for influencing sugarcane yield.In
In traditional cane planting technology, apply fertilizer and desinsection be it is separated, need repeatedly to apply fertilizer and multiple desinsection, this undoubtedly increases
Labor intensity and labour number, and will appear the problem that fertilizer efficiency is bad, insect pest preventive effect is bad, to influence sugarcane yield.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, the present invention provides a kind of organic medical fertilizer, which combines insecticide and fertilizer, plays mutually
The effect for making synergy can be improved the drug effect of insecticide, and have longer fertilizer efficiency period while improving utilization rate of fertilizer
With the drug effect phase.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of organic medical fertilizer, the raw material components including following weight percent:
In wherein some embodiments, the organic medical fertilizer includes the raw material components of following weight percent:
In wherein some embodiments, the organic medical fertilizer includes the raw material components of following weight percent:
In wherein some embodiments, the organic medical fertilizer includes the raw material components of following weight percent:
In organic medical fertilizer of the invention, Diacloden is a kind of second generation nicotinoids high-efficient low toxicity insecticide of brand new,
With tag, stomach toxicity, systemic activity, and there is higher activity, better safety, wider array of insecticidal spectrum and speed of action
Fastly, the features such as lasting period is long.It can be not only used for cauline leaf process, seed treatment, can also be used for soil treatment, usage mode multiplicity is made
Various with mode, insecticidal spectrum is wide.Biomass carbon refers to passes through high anneal crack by the biomass rich in carbon under anaerobic or anoxia condition
A kind of solid, porous particles substance with height aromatization, rich in carbon generated is solved, a large amount of carbon and plant nutrient are contained
Substance.Biomass carbon has the performance of charcoal, and surface area is big, hole is flourishing, strong adsorption.The present invention is by Diacloden, urea and biology
Matter charcoal combines, and cooperates the adhesive of certain dosage, makes the organic medical fertilizer being prepared that there is good fertilizer efficiency and desinsection to imitate
Fruit, and there is longer fertilizer efficiency period and drug effect phase.
In wherein some embodiments, the biomass carbon is by sugarcane leaf, bagasse, rice straw, wheat stalk and corn
One of stalk a variety of is prepared.
In wherein some embodiments, the preparation method of the biomass carbon includes the following steps: that biology will be used to prepare
The raw material of matter charcoal, which is filled into, to be sealed rear calcination, be warming up to the heating rate of 9-11 DEG C/min in the container of calcination
180-220 DEG C, 1.5-2.5h is kept the temperature, the raw material for being used to prepare biomass carbon is carbonized in advance；Then similarly to rise
Warm rate is warming up to 520-580 DEG C, pyrolysis charring 2-4h；Cooling, discharging, be crushed to get；The raw material for preparing biomass carbon
It is one of sugarcane leaf, bagasse, rice straw, wheat stalk and corn stover or a variety of.
In wherein some embodiments, the preparation method of the biomass carbon includes the following steps: that biology will be used to prepare
The raw material of matter charcoal, which is filled into, to be sealed rear calcination, be warming up to the heating rate of 9-11 DEG C/min in the container of calcination
190-210 DEG C, 1.5-2.5h is kept the temperature, the raw material for being used to prepare biomass carbon is carbonized in advance；Then similarly to rise
Warm rate is warming up to 540-560 DEG C, pyrolysis charring 2-4h；Cooling, discharging, be crushed to get.
In wherein some embodiments, the raw material for being used to prepare biomass carbon is filled into can filling in the container of calcination
Density is 0.4-0.6g/m3；And/or the cooling is to be cooled to 55-65 DEG C.
In wherein some embodiments, the adhesive is selected from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, glucose, sucrose, starch, pre-
Gelling starch, gelatin, Arabic gum, methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose polyethylene glycol and poly-
At least one of vinyl alcohol.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned organic medical fertilizer.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
The preparation method of above-mentioned organic medical fertilizer, comprising the following steps:
The biomass carbon, urea, adhesive and Diacloden are uniformly mixed, mixed material is obtained；
Add water in the mixed material and stir evenly, obtains water-containing materials；
The water-containing materials are granulated, it is dry to get.
In wherein some embodiments, the water content in the water-containing materials is 20%-40wt%.
In wherein some embodiments, the water content in the water-containing materials is 21%-25wt%.
In wherein some embodiments, the temperature of the drying is 40 DEG C -70 DEG C, and the time of the drying is that 20-28 is small
When.
In wherein some embodiments, the temperature of the drying is 55 DEG C -65 DEG C, and the time of the drying is that 22-26 is small
When.
In wherein some embodiments, before the mixing by biomass carbon, urea, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and Diacloden
Further include following steps: biomass carbon and urea are crushed respectively, and crosses 10-60 mesh.It is preferred that crossing 30-50 mesh.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods of crop planting.
Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of method of crop planting, comprising the following steps: apply above-mentioned organic medical fertilizer.
In wherein some embodiments, the amount of application of the organic medical fertilizer is thousand grams/acre of 25-75.
In wherein some embodiments, the crops are sugarcane.
Of the invention has charcoal base organic medical fertilizer and its preparation method and application to have the advantages that
Organic medical fertilizer of the invention combines Diacloden, urea and biomass carbon, and cooperates the adhesive of certain dosage
(especially sodium carboxymethylcellulose) makes the organic medical fertilizer being prepared while having good fertilizer efficiency and insecticidal effect, and
With longer fertilizer efficiency period and drug effect phase.
Wherein, biomass carbon and being used cooperatively for adhesive have suitable suction-operated to Diacloden, can make thiophene worm
Piperazine carries out slowly stable release with suitable rate of release, can guarantee thiophene worm while extending the drug release time limit of Diacloden
The reasonable function concentration of piperazine guarantees its prolonged efficient insecticide effect, can effectively play prevention and treatment pest above and below the ground
Effect, and reduce the farmland amount of coming into operation of insecticide and the number that comes into operation.
Meanwhile biomass carbon and being used cooperatively for adhesive also have suitable suction-operated to urea, can effectively inhale
Attached urea and stay in biomass carbon with suitable speed progress slowly steadily discharge, have good sustained release function to urea
Can, be conducive to the utilization rate for improving urea, extend fertilizer efficiency period, reduces the amount of coming into operation of fertilizer and the number that comes into operation.And biomass carbon
Itself have the function of providing fertilizer efficiency there is the synergistic effect for improving fertilizer efficiency after cooperating with urea, so as to be further reduced
The amount of coming into operation of fertilizer.
After the present invention combines Diacloden, biomass carbon and urea, three can play the role of interaction synergy, insecticidal effect
It is all improved significantly with fertilizer efficiency, decrement while can be realized farmland fertilizer and pesticide can not only effectively prevent ground pest
And subterranean pest-insect, and fertilizer efficiency is good, while can extend the lasting period of pesticide and fertilizer simultaneously, and it is raw can to effectively facilitate crop
It is long, improve the yield of the crops such as sugarcane.
Organic medical fertilizer provided by the invention is not only easy to use, and can reduce the using in farmland amount of fertilizer and pesticide with
And application times, manpower and material resources are reduced, the planting cost of the crops such as sugarcane, additional income are reduced.
Specific embodiment
Charcoal base organic medical fertilizer and its preparation method and application of the invention is made into one below in conjunction with specific embodiment
Step detailed description.
Embodiment 1
The formula composition of charcoal base organic medical fertilizer provided in this embodiment is following (by weight percentage): biomass carbon
50%, urea 45%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4.9%, Diacloden 0.1%.
The preparation method is as follows:
After biomass carbon and urea being crushed respectively uniformly, 40 meshes are crossed；Then raw material is weighed according to aforementioned proportion, be added
Into blender, it is uniformly mixed, obtains mixed material；Then water is added in mixed material, until the mass ratio of water and mixed material
Water-containing materials are obtained after mixing evenly for 0.3:1；Water-containing materials are sent into pelletizer and are granulated, the medicine fertilizer after granulating and forming is sent
Enter dryer, 60 DEG C of dryings are for 24 hours to get the charcoal base organic medical fertilizer.
In the present embodiment, biomass carbon the preparation method is as follows: bagasse is filled into porcelain crucible, seal postposition
In calcination in Muffle furnace, packed density is controlled in 0.5g/m3；200 DEG C are raised to the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, keeps the temperature 2h, it is real
The pre- charing of existing bagasse；Then 550 DEG C of pyrolysis charring 3h are warming up to same heating rate；When temperature is reduced to 60 DEG C
Discharging is crushed, and crosses 40 meshes, is sealed and stored spare.
Embodiment 2
The formula composition of charcoal base organic medical fertilizer provided in this embodiment is following (by weight percentage): biomass carbon
50%, urea 45%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4.5%, Diacloden 0.5%.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Embodiment 3
The formula composition of charcoal base organic medical fertilizer provided in this embodiment is following (by weight percentage): biomass carbon
50%, urea 45%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4%, Diacloden 1%.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Embodiment 4
The formula composition of charcoal base organic medical fertilizer provided in this embodiment is following (by weight percentage): biomass carbon
50%, urea 40%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 5%, Diacloden 5%.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Comparative example 1
The formula composition for the charcoal base organic medical fertilizer that this comparative example provides is following (by weight percentage): kaolin
50%, urea 45%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4%, Diacloden 1%.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Comparative example 2
The formula composition for the charcoal base organic medical fertilizer that this comparative example provides is following (by weight percentage): biomass carbon
51%, urea 45%, adhesive 4%.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Comparative example 3
The formula composition for the charcoal base organic medical fertilizer that this comparative example provides is following (by weight percentage): biomass carbon
95%, sodium carboxymethylcellulose 4%, Diacloden 1%.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment 1-4 and comparative example 1-3 medicine fertilizer prepared is used for sugarcane production test, in addition check plot is set:
Control 1: any medicine fertilizer is not applied.
Control 2: 49.5kg urea and 0.5kg Diacloden are applied respectively.
Steps are as follows for specific experiment: cane planting phase, ditch spread.11 processing, each processing 3 is respectively set according to table 1
It repeats, each cell 30m2, each minizone sets protection row.In dosage in table by the medicine fertilizer particle of different ratio ratio according to above-mentioned
It spreads fertilizer over the fields respectively.The sugarcane seedling number, withered calculation, average plant height of each test group are investigated within 60 days after application respectively.Average plant height investigation side
Method is 20 plants of sugarcane seedlings of random measurement in the test section of each test group, calculates its average；Number of emerging and withered heart rate investigation are entire
Test section.As a result it is as shown in the table.
The different test groups of table 1 are to sugarcane emergence, growth and the influence of withered heart rate
The result shows that: it can be improved sugarcane emergence rate using medicine of the invention fertile (embodiment 1-4), significantly reduce the withered heart
Rate also has facilitation to the growth of sugarcane.And it is substantially better than using the effect of medicine fertilizer and urea and Diacloden is used alone
Effect (control 2), biomass carbon and urea and Diacloden have the function of synergy, can be improved fertilizer efficiency and the thiophene worm of urea
The drug effect of piperazine can promote sugarcane production.Comparative example 1 compared with Example 3, uses kaolin to replace biomass carbon as adsorption material
Material, fertilizer efficiency and drug effect illustrate that the selection of adsorbent material is very crucial much worse than embodiment 3.In addition, binding test result is recommended
Crop field medicine fertilizer usage amount is 50kg/ mus.
Embodiment 6
Medicine fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1-4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 3 is used for preventing disease and pest test, in addition setting control
Area:
Control 1: any medicine fertilizer is not applied.
Control 2: 49.5kg urea and 0.5kg Diacloden are applied respectively.
Control 3: application 0.5kg Diacloden.
Steps are as follows for specific experiment: choosing, there is the sugarcane field of various soil insects and ground pest to be used as test plot,
Each test plot is not less than 30m2, seedling stage spreads fertilizer over the fields, earths up after medicine, respectively after application one day and three days observation grub, sugarcane tortoise,
The control efficiency of sugarcane head curculionid, termite and root-knot nematode.Specific experiment the results are shown in Table 2 and table 3.
The statistical method of control efficiency is as follows:
To soil pass pest for, apply this medicine fertilizer after the 1st day and the 3rd day, respectively investigation records medicine fertilizer processing cell
With each Mortality of insect of check plot, to calculate the control efficiency to the pest.
1 day control efficiency test data to sugarcane soil-borne disease insect pest after the application of 2 medicine fertilizer of table
3 days control efficiency test datas to sugarcane soil-borne disease insect pest after the application of 3 medicine fertilizer of table
Test result shows: after applying organic medical fertilizer of the invention, having preferable prevention and treatment effect to sugarcane soil-borne disease insect pest
Fruit.Comparative example 1 compared with Example 3, uses kaolin replacement biomass carbon as adsorbent material, control efficiency is much worse than implementation
Example 3 illustrates that the selection of adsorbent material plays a key effect to the drug effect for improving medicine fertilizer, and biomass carbon can significantly improve Diacloden
Drug effect.Comparative example 3 compared with Example 3, does not add urea, and drug effect is also poorer than embodiment 3, illustrates medicine fertilizer of the invention
Middle biomass carbon and urea and being used in compounding for Diacloden have the function of synergy, and the cooperation of biomass carbon and urea can be with
The drug effect of Diacloden is further increased, and is substantially better than the effect that urea and Diacloden is used alone using the effect of medicine fertilizer
(control 2).
Embodiment 7
Embodiment 1-4, comparative example 1-2 the medicine fertilizer prepared are used for fertilizer efficiency test, in addition check plot is set:
Control 1: any medicine fertilizer is not applied.
Control 2: 49.5kg urea and 0.5kg Diacloden are applied respectively.
Control 3: application 50kg urea.
Steps are as follows for specific experiment: specific operation process is to choose kind of the field for having sugarcane, 11 cells is arranged, each
Cell is not less than 30m2, wherein the medicine fertilizer usage amount of each cell is according to shown in table 4.Fertilization time is planting season.Wait harvest
When, each cell production is measured respectively and counts as follows, and wherein increase of production rate is calculated relative to control 1.
Experimental result is as shown in table 4:
Table 4
Test result shows: after applying organic medical fertilizer of the invention, crops (sugarcane) yield is obviously improved, and works as thiophene
For worm piperazine at 1%, the increase of production rate of sugarcane is up to 50.76%.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of organic medical fertilizer, which is characterized in that the raw material components including following weight percent:
2. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material components including following weight percent:
3. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the raw material components including following weight percent:
4. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the biomass carbon is by sugarcane leaf, sugarcane
One of slag, rice straw, wheat stalk and corn stover a variety of are prepared；And/or
The adhesive be selected from hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, glucose, sucrose, starch, pregelatinized starch, gelatin, Arabic gum,
At least one of methylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol.
5. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the biomass carbon includes following step
Rapid: the raw material for being used to prepare biomass carbon, which is filled into, rear calcination is sealed, with 9-11 DEG C/min's in the container of calcination
Heating rate is warming up to 180-220 DEG C, keeps the temperature 1.5-2.5h, is carbonized in advance to the raw material for being used to prepare biomass carbon；
Then it is warming up to 520-580 DEG C with same heating rate, pyrolysis charring 2-4h；Cooling, discharging, be crushed to get；The preparation
The raw material of biomass carbon is one of sugarcane leaf, bagasse, rice straw, wheat stalk and corn stover or a variety of.
6. organic medical fertilizer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that being filled into the raw material for being used to prepare biomass carbon can
Packed density in the container of calcination is 0.4-0.6g/m3；And/or the cooling is to be cooled to 55-65 DEG C.
7. a kind of preparation method of organic medical fertilizer described in any one of claims 1-6, which comprises the following steps:
The biomass carbon, urea, adhesive and Diacloden are uniformly mixed, mixed material is obtained；
Add water in the mixed material and stir evenly, obtains water-containing materials；
The water-containing materials are granulated, it is dry to get.
8. the preparation method of organic medical fertilizer according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the water content in the water-containing materials
For 20%-40wt%；And/or the temperature of the drying is 40 DEG C -70 DEG C, the time of the drying is 20-28 hours.
9. a kind of method of crop planting, which comprises the following steps: described in application any one of claim 1-6
Organic medical fertilizer.
10. the method for crop planting according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the amount of application of the organic medical fertilizer is
Thousand grams/acre of 25-75.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111096333A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-05-05 | 广东省生物资源应用研究所 | Application of biomass charcoal in preparation of termite repellent |
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