CN110521511A - A kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method and its application based on accuracy pesticide applying - Google Patents
A kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method and its application based on accuracy pesticide applying Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110521511A CN110521511A CN201910805722.7A CN201910805722A CN110521511A CN 110521511 A CN110521511 A CN 110521511A CN 201910805722 A CN201910805722 A CN 201910805722A CN 110521511 A CN110521511 A CN 110521511A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dragon fruit
- brown rot
- fruit
- prevention method
- pesticide applying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method and its application based on accuracy pesticide applying that the invention discloses a kind of.The present invention is based on the lasting research to dragon fruit brown rot infestation regularity and screen the bactericidal agent that the lasting period is long, absorbability is good; mainly cause harm the characteristic of young tender tip item according to pathogen; prevention and control impetus is placed on protection tender tip accuracy pesticide applying; by the way that disease prevention and control period is moved forward; reduce primary infection inoculum; gradually replace fruiting branch in spite of illness, realizing, which reduces fruit, causes harm rate, achievees the purpose that dragon fruit brown rot serious orchard of falling ill is effectively controlled.The method of the present invention is tested and is demonstrated by many years of field, and the generation of field dragon fruit brown rot can be effectively controlled and cause harm, greatly reduce spraying times and manually with drug cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant protection, and in particular to a kind of dragon fruit brown rot based on accuracy pesticide applying is comprehensive
Preventing control method and its application.
Background technique
Dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus) is that Cactaceae hylocereus belongs to perennial climber fleshiness plant, former
Originate in the Central America such as Brazil, Mexico area.In the early 1990s, China Taiwan introduces to plant experimentally successfully is passed to continent afterwards.Mesh
Before, dragon fruit has large area plantation on the Guangxi in China, Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places, and dragon fruit has become
For one of the Important Economic crop of peasant programme.
Dragon fruit brown rot caused by being infected by new dark-coloured column section spore bacterium (Neoscytalidium dimidiatum), again
Claim canker, is a kind of crushing fungal disease for seriously threatening dragon fruit industry development.The disease gently then causes pericarp " fiber crops
Point " reduces commodity value, heavy then cause stalk and fruit rot dead, caused average product lose generally 20%~
30%, up to 50% or more when serious, or even ruin garden.The long-term high temperature in South China, high humidity climatic characteristic be very beneficial for fire
Imperial fruit brown rot break out and it is popular.
The prevention and treatment of dragon fruit brown rot at present mainly or rely on chemical pesticide, however preventive effect it is good medicament selection not
More, often several fungicide are used in mixed way orchard worker, will almost be sprayed a chemical pesticide weekly in disease peak of occurrence, be caused
A large amount of financial resource and material resource waste and environmental pollution, and the long-time service of chemical pesticide easily causes drug resistance wind risk.In addition,
4~6 batches of fruits can be hung within dragon fruit 1 year, often the rigid fruit having of blooming of some is mature in the same orchard, chemical medication
Opportunity bad selection, it is easy to cause fruit agriculture residual exceeded, influence quality safety.The entire Growing season of dragon fruit can be by brown rot
Disease causes harm, and South China's morbidity most serious is annual 5~September part, and often high temperature and rainy season, single dependence are chemical at this time
The field control effect of pesticide is poor, and a kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention side precisely, efficiently, safe is needed in production
Method.
Summary of the invention
The primary purpose of the present invention is that the shortcomings that overcoming the prior art and deficiency, according to " putting prevention first, integrated control "
Plant protection policy, adhere to " agricultural and physical control based on, supplemented by chemical prevention " control principle, advocate reasonable employment chemistry agriculture
Medicine provides a kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method based on accuracy pesticide applying.Based on to dragon fruit brown rot infestation regularity
Lasting research and filter out the bactericidal agent that the lasting period is long, absorbability is good, the spy for young tender tip item of mainly being caused harm according to pathogen
Property, prevention and control impetus is placed on the accuracy pesticide applying of protection tender tip, by the way that disease prevention and control period moves forward, reduces First aggression
Source, gradually replaces fruiting branch in spite of illness, and realizing reduces sick branch and fruit is caused harm rate, reaches dragon fruit brown rot and falls ill serious fruit
The purpose that garden is effectively controlled.This method is tested and is demonstrated by many years of field, and field dragon fruit brown rot can be effectively controlled
Generation with cause harm, greatly reduce spraying times and manually with drug cost.
It is another object of the present invention to provide the above-mentioned dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention side based on accuracy pesticide applying
Application of the method in dragon fruit cultivation.
The purpose of the invention is achieved by the following technical solution:
A kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method based on accuracy pesticide applying, includes the following steps:
(1) clear garden after winter fruit picking, wipes out invalid branch, strikes off invalid spot, and invalid branch and invalid articulate fascia go out orchard, entirely
Garden sprays fungicide；Behind clear garden, fertilizer is used sufficient；
(2) after after the beginning of spring, first tender tip is grown, accurate application repeatedly until tender tip switch to it is aging, as fruiting branch；Newly
Tip duration of germination is enhanced field management；
(3) if it is old orchard, the aging rear all non-fruiting branch tender tips grown of first tender tip are removed；If it is new
Orchard is built, so that it is sprouted young sprout again by Routine Management, accurately application protection is aging to switching to again for young sprout, as fruiting
Branch determines the tender tip item number retained according to tree vigo(u)r and management level, then just removes subsequent all non-fruiting branch tender tips grown；
After every a batch dragon fruit is pollinated successfully, it is anti-that fungicide need to be sprayed in time if scab occur in discovery flue fruits in morbidity optimum period
It controls；
(4) during every a collection of dragon fruit hangs knot, it will enhance field management, build the growing environment of ventilation and penetrating light, gradually
The old and the weak's disease fruiting branch is eliminated, strong tree vigo(u)r is cultivated, until annual fruit picking terminates.
Fungicide described in step (1) is preferably Tebuconazole, iprodione, Flusilazole, prothioconazoles or fludioxonil, and is
Clear water is ready-to-use；If it is fungicide is repeatedly sprayed, medicament rotation is used, and applies a kind of medicament every time.
The effective component concentration of fungicide described in step (1) is preferably 500~1000mg/kg.Fall ill serious fruit
Garden takes high concentration to be administered, and lighter orchard of falling ill takes low concentration to be administered.
The number that sprays of fungicide described in step (1) is preferably 1~2 time, complete stool to spray complete, spray thoroughly, spray it is even；It is more excellent
It is selected as invalid branch and invalid articulate fascia goes out to spray immediately behind orchard 1 time, spray again January next year 1 time.
Fertilizer described in step (1) includes organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.It is applied fertilizer using conventional fertilizer application mode with method.
The organic fertilizer be preferably in the high-quality organic fertilizer for having registration card, decomposed chicken manure fertilizer and peanut press pulp fertilizer at least
It is a kind of.
The dosage of the organic fertilizer is preferably that 2~5kg is applied in strain.
The compound fertilizer is preferably Norway's ternary compound fertilizer (N-P-K:15-15-15).
The dosage of the compound fertilizer is preferably that 0.1~0.25kg is applied in strain.
Accurate application described in step (2) is multiple, it is desirable that tender tip wants complete stool sprays medicament when being no more than 5cm long；It is a
Other shoot first wipe out than earlier, so that shoot grows more unified, facilitates management.
Step is accurately administered in multiple step described in (2): medicament is preferably Tebuconazole, iprodione, Flusilazole, third
Sulphur bacterium azoles, fludioxonil or propiconazole, and it is ready-to-use for clear water；Medicament rotation uses, and applies a kind of medicament every time.
The propiconazole has inhibiting effect to tender tip growth, needs to use after tender tip is aging.
Step is accurately administered in multiple step described in (2): medicament effective component concentration is preferably 500~
1000mg/kg。
Step is accurately administered in multiple step described in (2): spraying time is preferably applied once at interval of 15~25d
Medicine.Serious orchard of falling ill takes high concentration to be administered, and application interval time is short；The lighter orchard of morbidity takes low concentration to be administered, between application
It is long every the time.
Old orchard described in step (3) refer to fruiting 2 years or more, sick index percent rate or diseased fruit rate reach 40% or more
Orchard, the Newly built orchard refers to the orchard of non-fruiting or a small amount of fruiting in 2 years.
Fungicide described in step (3) is preferably Tebuconazole, iprodione, Flusilazole, prothioconazoles or fludioxonil, and is
Clear water is ready-to-use；If it is fungicide is repeatedly sprayed, medicament rotation is used, and applies a kind of medicament every time.
The spraying time of fungicide described in step (3) is preferably the flowering stage of every a collection of dragon fruit to first fruiting period.
The number that sprays of fungicide described in step (3) is preferably 1~2 time, complete stool to spray complete, spray thoroughly, spray it is even.
Fungicide effective component concentration is preferably 100~250mg/kg described in step (3).Serious orchard of falling ill takes
High concentration application, is administered 2 times；The lighter orchard of morbidity takes low concentration to be administered, and is administered 1 time.
The tender tip item number retained described in step (3) according to tree vigo(u)r and management level decision, preferably every plant reservation 6~
10.
The old and the weak's disease fruiting branch is phased out described in step (4) to realize by orchard Routine Management mode, specifically:
1) dragon fruit fruiting period arranges every plant of 6~10 fruitful branches, and other branches are then erased bud and flower, reduces shoot growth angle,
Promote nutrient growth, cultivates as strong preliminary result branch；2) within the phase of yielding positive results, extra nutrition branch is wiped out, to reduce
The consumption and increase sunlight irradiation of nutrient；To guarantee fruit quality, artificial flower thinning should be carried out after 7~8d of buddingging, every batch of spends every
Fruitful branch stays 3~4 full buds；5~7d of Xie Huahou, every is selected and remain 2~3 pollinations successfully healthy and strong fruit, others one
Rule is wiped out；It stays fruit that can cover bagging with brown paper, can guarantee that fruit uniformly ripening, commodity are consistent, avoid worm, bee from biting, reach
Non-polluted edible safety standard requirement；3) after fruit picking, dredge it is weak stay strong, wipe out the more 2~triennial old branch item of result, sick branch
And the thin and weak branch of bottom, to be conducive to next round bearing basal shoot nutrient accumulation.
Enhancement of field management described in the method for the present invention is orchard Routine Management measure, including liquid manure, weeding, insect pest
Deng management, specifically: 1) water management: fruit expanding period will keep ground moistening, with sharp fruit growth；2) fertilizing management: knot
Mainly based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer should select low nitrogen, high phosphorus, high potassium ternary compound fertilizer to fruit tree, and fertilising, which mostly uses, spreads fertilizer over the fields,
Avoid trench digging to apply deeply, to avoid injuring the root, in fruit expanding period, 1~2kg of strain organic fertilizer, 0.1~0.25kg of ternary compound fertilizer, every batch of
After young fruit is formed, root outer spraying foliar fertilizer 1~2 time, to improve fruit quality；3) weeding management: preferential machine weeding will wipe out
Grass be covered on stems of dragon fruits base portion surrounding；4) Pest management: attention control food fly is caused harm fruit, pass through fruit bagging, hang it is yellow
It plate and sprays the measures such as insecticide and is prevented and treated.
Application of the above-mentioned dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method based on accuracy pesticide applying in dragon fruit cultivation.
The present invention has the following advantages and effects with respect to the prior art:
Inventor is based on the lasting research to dragon fruit brown rot infestation regularity and filters out that the lasting period is long, absorbability is good
Prevention and control impetus is placed on the accuracy pesticide applying of protection tender tip by bactericidal agent, the characteristic for young tender tip item of mainly being caused harm according to pathogen
On, by the way that disease prevention and control period moves forward, reduce primary infection inoculum, gradually replace fruiting branch in spite of illness, realize reduce sick branch and
Fruit is caused harm rate, achievees the purpose that dragon fruit brown rot serious orchard of falling ill is effectively controlled.
(1) in prevention and control thinking, disease prevention and control Forward reduces primary infection inoculum to protect based on tender tip.Make full use of fire
The infestation regularity of imperial fruit brown rot and the bactericidal agent that the lasting period is long, absorbability is good hold germ and are difficult to infect to aging branch
The characteristics of, disease prevention and control are focused in the protection of spring tender tip, promote the strong tender tip of early spring sprouting using winter top dressing is used sufficient, by applying
Protect tender tip aging to its medicine, the accuracy pesticide applying mode for having applied medicine, then wipe out it is subsequent grow non-fruiting branch tender tip, gradually wash in a pan
Sick and weak fruiting branch is eliminated, dragon fruit brown rot can be mitigated significantly and caused harm.
(2) on prevention and control strategy, pay attention to reinforcing water and fertilizer management, give full play to dragon fruit itself premunition.Vigorous branches is cultivated, is added
Fast tender tip is aging, guarantee branch health, fruit could be reduced as far as possible and infected probability, greatly reduce subsequent disease control at
This.In addition, serious orchard of falling ill will be paid special attention to prevent and treat ant, ant is creeped everywhere, and pathogen is very easy to be transmitted to
Tender tip or fruit.
(3) it in the selection of prevention and control medicament, makes full use of that absorbability is strong, the lasting period is long, the medicament of wide sterilization spectrum, reaches primary
Application, the simultaneous purpose for preventing other fungal diseases.Selected Tebuconazole, iprodione, Flusilazole, propiconazole, rosickyite in the present invention
In the medicaments such as bacterium azoles, fludioxonil, in addition to fludioxonil, other medicaments all have the spies such as absorbability is strong, the lasting period is long, wide sterilization spectrum
Point is practiced by inventor's indoor measurement and field prevention and control, and application selects one of medicament can (wherein propiconazole every time
Medicament is in the use of tender tip the middle and late growth stage), it is preferential to select foreign pesticide major company liquid dosage form product, without being further added by other apply
Medicine auxiliary agent has good control efficiency, greatly improves the specific aim and validity of controlling disease, and it is anti-to significantly reduce orchard worker's drug
Control cost.
(4) in spraying medicine concentration selection, pay attention to high level matches with low level.When the dragon fruit spring tender tip phase has no result or morbidity is serious
Orchard can suitably increase fungicide spraying medicine concentration, fungicide spraying times and concentration are reduced after fruiting, or even do not apply, dropped significantly
The low residual exceeded risk of fruit agriculture, improves Product quality and safety.
(5) in preventing control method operability and control effect, the present invention is based on the Synthetical prevention method of accuracy pesticide applying behaviour
Work is combined closely with Routine Management method, and main sides heavy dressing is to medicine and has applied medicine protection tender tip, is wiped out non-fruiting branch tender tip, is reduced
Primary infection inoculum, strong operability significantly reduce peasant household's control cost.For serious orchard of falling ill, implement fire of the invention
Imperial fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method, current year disease are just effectively controlled, and for not falling ill, orchard can play good prevention
Effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the efficient pesticide control indoor inhibitory effect of dragon fruit brown rot is taken pictures figure, wherein figure (A) is 430 grams per liters penta
Azoles alcohol suspending agent fungistatic effect, figure (B) are 50% fludioxonil wettable powder fungistatic effect.
Fig. 2 is that dragon fruit growing state is taken pictures figure in the old orchard of embodiment 2, wherein figure check plot (A) is not administered control
Dragon fruit growing state take pictures figure, figure (B) is that the dragon fruit growing state of trial zone application control is taken pictures figure.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
The selection of 1 fungicide type of embodiment
Choosing document report has preferable fungistatic effect or produces upper common 16 kinds of fungicide, using inhibition zone method, mixed
Having germ conidium, (germ is dragon fruit ulcer bacteria newly dark-coloured column section spore bacterium (Neoscytalidium dimidiatum)
DF-CH8 is disclosed on GenBank, accession number JX128103.1) PDA plate hole in same concentration (1000mg/ is added
Kg) isometric different agents, 25 DEG C of cultures measure different agents in vitro by observing inhibition zone extinction time
Inhibit the lasting period of dragon fruit brown rot germ mycelia growth, the results are shown in Table 1.
The results show that finding 50% fludioxonil wettable powder, 250 the third rings of grams per liter by observation inhibition zone extinction time
5 kinds of medicaments pair such as azoles missible oil, 40% prothioconazoles suspending agent, 430 grams per liter tebuconazole suspension concentrates, 400 grams per liter Flusilazoles
The inhibition zone of dragon fruit brown rot germ is big and obvious, and inhibition zone does not disappear after opposite culture 15d, shows longer antibacterial holding effect
Phase.Wherein, shown in fungistatic effect such as Fig. 1 (A) of 430 grams per liter tebuconazole suspension concentrates, 50% fludioxonil wettable powder it is antibacterial
Shown in effect such as Fig. 1 (B).Big and obvious, the face-off for inhibition zone of the 500 grams per liter iprodione suspending agents to dragon fruit brown rot germ
Inhibition zone becomes smaller after culture 13d, and inhibition zone not yet completely disappears after opposite culture 15d, also shows the longer antibacterial lasting period.
3 kinds of medicament early stages such as 450 grams per liter prochloraz aqueous emulsions, 250 grams per liter difenoconazole missible oil, 40% nitrile bacterium azoles wettable powder
Obvious to the inhibition zone of dragon fruit brown rot germ, inhibition zone fades away after 9~11d of opposite culture, shows medium antibacterial
Lasting period.3 kinds of medicines such as 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 40% probenazole wettable powder, 250 grams per liter Fluoxastrobin suspending agents
Agent early stage is obvious to the inhibition zone of dragon fruit brown rot germ, and inhibition zone fades away after 5~7d of opposite culture, the antibacterial lasting period one
As.70% Wettable propineb powder, 2% kasugarnycin aqua, 75% Bravo wettable powder, 125 grams per liter epoxiconazoles are outstanding
4 kinds of medicament early stages such as floating agent are smaller to the inhibition zone of dragon fruit brown rot germ, and inhibition zone disappears substantially after opposite culture 3d, performance
The shorter antibacterial lasting period out.Therefore, Tebuconazole, propiconazole, third are preferentially selected in dragon fruit brown rot chemical prevention practice
The fungicide kind of the lasting periods such as sulphur bacterium azoles, fludioxonil, iprodione, Flusilazole length.
1 16 kinds of fungicide of table are to dragon fruit brown rot germ inhibition zone radius size and in vitro antibacterial lasting period length
Note: "-" indicates that no inhibition zone or inhibition zone disappear
The old orchard dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention of embodiment 2
One 20 mu of orchard (variety type is red meat dragon fruit) in Heyuan City, Guangdong Province, the town Feng An, Zijin County, spring in 2012
Orchard establishment, concrete column cultivation, 4 plants of dragon fruits of every column, mu plant 110 concrete columns.Since grower lacks plant protection knowledge, it is ignorant of disease
Control method, annual dragon fruit brown rot cause harm seriously, and fruit flower skin phenomenon is prominent, and the sick tip and diseased fruit rate produce almost up to 100%
Measure low, economic benefits comparison is poor.The inventor of in early December, 2016 is using the orchard as an experiment and demonstration point, with the present invention
A kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method based on accuracy pesticide applying carry out demonstration.Concrete operations are as follows:
(1) primary infection inoculum is reduced in winter clear garden；Winter top dressing is used sufficient, the coming year is cultivated and strengthens the tip.
It wipes out morbidity serious branch mid-December, excavates the big scab on aging branch, will especially have black dot
Scab excavate completely, take out of outside garden and burn or buried destruction.500 times of 500 grams per liter iprodione suspending agent is immediately sprayed behind clear garden
Liquid, medicament spray is comprehensively, spray is saturating, sprays uniformly, and clear water is ready-to-use, reaches thoroughly clear garden purpose.Late January next year, full garden are sprayed again
Shi Yici 50% fludioxonil wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid.The uniform ring-type of surrounding from cement pillar about 30cm spread fertilizer over the fields 20 jin it is high-quality
Organic fertilizer, 1 jin of peanut press pulp fine powder and 0.5 jin of compound fertilizer, Norway, notice that fertilizer cannot contact stems of dragon fruits base portion.Two rows of concrete columns
Centre begins to rehearse depth of water ditch, covers institute Shi Dongfei with soil, cultivates strong tree vigo(u)r for the coming year and lays the foundation.In addition, winter frost day
Gas covers film frost protection.
(2) accuracy pesticide applying protection tender tip is aging to its, cultivates healthy and strong tender tip, it is aging to accelerate tender tip.
Early March sprays 500 times of liquid of a 430 grams per liter tebuconazole suspension concentrates, and early April sprays a 400 grams per liter fluorine
500 times of liquid of silicon azoles missible oil, late April spray 500 times of liquid of a 430 grams per liter tebuconazole suspension concentrates, spray mid-May one time 250
500 times of liquid of grams per liter propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate.All medicaments be required to spray is complete, spray thoroughly, spray it is even, clear water is ready-to-use.Water and fertilizer management is by normal
Rule method carries out, and concrete operations are as follows: mower grass, the grass cut off are covered on concrete column surrounding, notices that soil conservation is wet,
Every 20~30 compound fertilizers, Tian Shiyici Norway, every concrete column spreads fertilizer over the fields 0.5 jin every time.Pest control routinely manages progress, March
An effective cypermethrin prevention and treatment ant and moth class larva are sprayed the middle ten days and mid-April.
(3) remove first tender tip it is aging after the non-fruiting branch tender tip that grows, prevention fruit infection.
First young sprout of the first tenday period of a month in May has switched to aging, wipes out individual aging shoots in spite of illness, stops the fruiting branch of health
Item, wipe out first tender tip it is aging after all non-fruiting branch tender tips grown, take away orchard and concentrate and burn or buried.Late May,
The flowers are in blossom for first, sprays 1000 times of liquid of a 20% prothioconazoles suspending agent after the success of first fruit fruiting；Late July, second
2000 times of liquid of a 430 grams per liter tebuconazole suspension concentrates are sprayed after criticizing the success of fruit fruiting；Late August, after third batch fruit fruiting success
Shi Yici 400 grams per liter Flusilazole, 2000 times of liquid；Early October sprays after the 4th batch of fruit (last batch of fruit) fruiting success
2000 times of liquid of 500 grams per liter iprodione suspending agent.All medicaments be required to spray is complete, spray thoroughly, spray it is even, clear water is ready-to-use.
(4) period reinforces water and fertilizer management, is phased out the old and the weak's disease fruiting branch.
Fruit expanding period will keep ground moistening, with sharp fruit growth.The a collection of fruit of every extension, every concrete column uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields 10kg
Chicken dung fertilizer and ternary compound fertilizer 0.4kg.Every concrete column arranges 30~40 fruitful branches every time, and other branches are erased flower
Flower bud and flower, as preliminary result branch.Budding and carry out artificial flower thinning after 7d, every batch of spends every fruitful branch to stay 3~4 full buds.
Xie Huahou 5d, every is selected and remain 2~3 pollinations successfully healthy and strong fruit, other to wipe out without exception.Stay fruit special bagging net cover
Bag, avoids trypetid from causing harm.After each fruit picking, dredge it is weak stay strong, wipe out result more 2~triennial old branch item, sick branch and bottom
Thin and weak branch is phased out the old and the weak's disease fruiting branch.
(5) timely clear garden after annual fruit picking, uses sufficient winter top dressing, cultivates the coming year and strengthens the tip.
Last batch of fruit harvest after, immediately set about clear garden, winter as described above clear garden and fertilizing method into
Row.
In test, stay 1 row (10 cement pillars) be do not apply fungicide check plot, check plot in addition to not applying fungicide,
It operates identical.Shown in dragon fruit upgrowth situation such as Fig. 2 (A) of check plot.
The present embodiment is carried out in strict accordance with method of the invention, and the fruit dragon fruit brown rot prevention and treatment obtains preferable control
Effect, the sick tip and disease fruit of the current year rate that causes harm substantially reduce, and the lesion area of morbidity accounts for entire young sprout or entire pericarp area
10% hereinafter, fragmentary morbidity, investigation result are shown in Table 2.By using within continuous 2 years Synthetical prevention method of the invention, the fruit the
2 years flue fruit disease tip rates and diseased fruit rates further decrease, and investigation result is shown in Table 3.The dragon fruit upgrowth situation of trial zone is as schemed
Shown in 2 (B).The dragon fruit brown rot of the fruit finally obtains effective control, and remarkable in economical benefits is promoted.
2 First Year of table implements the flue orchard disease tip and diseased fruit rate investigation of the method for the present invention
Note: random 5 points of samplings, every 20 young sprouts of investigation or 20 fruits are classified by the sick tip or disease fruit proportion.
0 grade: the whole disease-free spot of young sprout or fruit surface disease-free spot；1 grade: lesion area account for entire young sprout or entire pericarp area 5% with
Under；3 grades: lesion area accounts for entire young sprout or entire pericarp area 6%~10%；5 grades: lesion area accounts for entire young sprout or entire
Pericarp area 11%~20%；7 grades: lesion area accounts for entire young sprout or entire pericarp area 21%~40%；9 grades: scab face
Product accounts for entire young sprout or 41% or more entire pericarp area.
3 second year of table implements the flue orchard disease tip and diseased fruit rate investigation of the method for the present invention
Note: investigation method is the same as table 2.
Embodiment 3 creates flue orchard brown rot Synthetical prevention
Guangzhou, Guangdong is from changing one, area, 50 mu of orchards (kind be red meat dragon fruit), 2017 end of the year orchard establishments, and 2018 2
The end of month transplanting, row's formula cultivation, is equipped with trickle irrigation and equipment of sprinkler irrigation, and the anti-grass of covering with ground sheeting of breathing freely, mu plants 1000 plants.Grower has centainly
Cultivate administration experience, management level is higher, but lacks plant protection knowledge, and a large amount of mixed fungicide of application, exist indiscriminate every time
With with abuse problem.Inventor in early April, 2018 using the orchard as an experiment and demonstration point, dragon fruit in orchard at this time
Brown rot sporadicly occurs, with a kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method of the invention effectively control disease development and
Sprawling.Concrete operations are as follows:
(1) tip, application protection young sprout, until whole fruiting tender tips are aging are attacked in fertilising.
Water and fertilizer management carries out according to a conventional method, and branch trimming carries out according to a conventional method, and the branch sheared off takes garden Wai Ji out of
In burn or buried.Early April sprays 500 times of liquid of a 430 grams per liter tebuconazole suspension concentrates, spray mid-May one time 400 grams/
1000 times of liquid of Flusilazole are risen, late June sprays 1000 times of liquid of a 1000 grams per liter iprodione suspending agent, and late July sprays
1000 times of liquid of 250 grams per liter propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, late August spray 3000 times of liquid of a 50% fludioxonil wettable powder, and 9
The last ten-days period moon spray 1000 times of liquid of a 430 grams per liter tebuconazole suspension concentrates.10~December does not spray fungicide again.Application is equal every time
It is required that spray is complete, spray is saturating, spray is even, clear water is ready-to-use.During June to September, the noon that the sun compares solarization sprays water mist, with drop
Low field temperature, avoids dragon fruit stalk from being burnt by the sun.Pest control routinely manages progress, and mid-April and mid-May are each
An effective cypermethrin prevention and treatment ant and moth class larva are sprayed.
(2) according to the how much decision spraying medicine concentrations and number of orchard dragon fruit bough brown rot scab during fruiting.
Late September, the flowers are in blossom for first, first fruit finds dragon fruit fruiting branch brown rot disease branch pole after pollinating successfully
It is few, therefore any fungicide is not applied.Water and fertilizer management, pruning, flower and fruit management during fruiting etc. carry out according to a conventional method.Stay fruit
With special bagging net cover bag, trypetid is avoided to cause harm.
(3) timely clear garden after fruit picking, uses sufficient winter top dressing.
After new garden first time fruiting harvesting in December, timely clear garden.Branch in spite of illness is wiped out, is excavated big on aging branch
Scab is especially excavated completely with the scab of black dot, takes concentration outside garden out of and burns or buried.The garden Qing Yuanhouquan sprays once
250 500 times of grams per liter propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate liquid.It is compound that 2 tons of high-quality organic fertilizers, 200 jin of peanut press pulp fine powders and 50 jin of Norway are spread fertilizer over the fields per acre
Fertilizer.Notice that fertilizer not contact stems of dragon fruits base portion, cover institute Shi Dongfei with soil, cultivates strong tree vigo(u)r for the coming year and lay base
Plinth.
Using Synthetical prevention method of the invention, the brown rot in the new garden of dragon fruit causes harm extremely gently, and branch scab sporadicly occurs,
Fruit disease incidence effectively controls the generation and sprawling of dragon fruit brown rot within 5%.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method based on accuracy pesticide applying, characterized by the following steps:
(1) clear garden after winter fruit picking, wipes out invalid branch, strikes off invalid spot, and invalid branch and invalid articulate fascia go out orchard, full garden spray
Apply fungicide；Behind clear garden, fertilizer is used sufficient；
(2) after after the beginning of spring, first tender tip is grown, accurate application repeatedly until tender tip switch to it is aging, as fruiting branch；Young sprout is sprouted
During hair, enhance field management；
(3) if it is old orchard, the aging rear all non-fruiting branch tender tips grown of first tender tip are removed；If it is newly-built fruit
Garden makes it sprout young sprout again by Routine Management, and accurately application protection is aging to switching to again for young sprout, as fruiting branch, root
The tender tip item number retained is determined according to tree vigo(u)r and management level, then just removes subsequent all non-fruiting branch tender tips grown；It is each
After batch dragon fruit pollinate successfully, in optimum period of falling ill, if finding, there is scab in flue fruits, need to spray bactericidal agent for preventing and treating in time；
(4) during every a collection of dragon fruit hangs knot, it will enhance field management, build the growing environment of ventilation and penetrating light, be phased out
The old and the weak's disease fruiting branch, cultivates strong tree vigo(u)r, until annual fruit picking terminates.
2. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to claim 1 based on accuracy pesticide applying, it is characterised in that:
Fungicide described in step (1) and step (3) be Tebuconazole, iprodione, Flusilazole, prothioconazoles or fludioxonil, and
It is ready-to-use for clear water；If it is fungicide is repeatedly sprayed, medicament rotation is used, and applies a kind of medicament every time；
Step is accurately administered in multiple step described in (2): medicament be Tebuconazole, iprodione, Flusilazole, prothioconazoles,
Fludioxonil or propiconazole, and it is ready-to-use for clear water；Medicament rotation uses, and applies a kind of medicament every time.
3. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to claim 1 based on accuracy pesticide applying, it is characterised in that:
The effective component concentration of fungicide described in step (1) is 500~1000mg/kg；
The number that sprays of fungicide described in step (1) is 1~2 time；
The effective component concentration of fungicide described in step (3) is 100~250mg/kg；
The number that sprays of fungicide described in step (3) is 1~2 time.
4. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to claim 1 based on accuracy pesticide applying, it is characterised in that:
Fertilizer described in step (1) includes organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer；
The organic fertilizer is at least one of high-quality organic fertilizer, decomposed chicken manure fertilizer and peanut press pulp fertilizer；
The compound fertilizer is Norway's ternary compound fertilizer.
5. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to claim 4 based on accuracy pesticide applying, it is characterised in that:
The dosage of the organic fertilizer is that 2~5kg is applied in strain；
The dosage of the compound fertilizer is that 0.1~0.25kg is applied in strain.
6. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to claim 1 based on accuracy pesticide applying, it is characterised in that:
Accurate application described in step (2) is repeatedly that tender tip is required to want complete stool sprays medicament when being no more than 5cm long；It is individual new
Branch first wipe out than earlier, so that shoot grows more unified, facilitates management.
7. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to claim 1 based on accuracy pesticide applying, it is characterised in that:
Step is accurately administered in multiple step described in (2): medicament effective component concentration is 500~1000mg/kg；
Step is accurately administered in multiple step described in (2): spraying time is at interval of 15~25d Shi Yici medicine.
8. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to claim 1 based on accuracy pesticide applying, it is characterised in that:
The spraying time of fungicide described in step (3) is the flowering stage of every a collection of dragon fruit to first fruiting period.
9. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to claim 1 based on accuracy pesticide applying, it is characterised in that: step
Suddenly the tender tip item number retained is determined according to tree vigo(u)r and management level described in (3), retains 6~10 for every plant.
10. the dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 based on accuracy pesticide applying is in dragon fruit
Application in cultivation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910805722.7A CN110521511B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Pitaya brown rot comprehensive prevention and control method based on precise pesticide application and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910805722.7A CN110521511B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Pitaya brown rot comprehensive prevention and control method based on precise pesticide application and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110521511A true CN110521511A (en) | 2019-12-03 |
| CN110521511B CN110521511B (en) | 2021-12-17 |
Family
ID=68664959
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910805722.7A Active CN110521511B (en) | 2019-08-29 | 2019-08-29 | Pitaya brown rot comprehensive prevention and control method based on precise pesticide application and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110521511B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104969805A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-14 | 融安县植保植检站 | Plague bacteria brown rot prevention and treatment method |
| CN105532214A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Integrated control method for micobial disease based on dragon fruit |
| CN105660217A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-06-15 | 璧典附 | Novel method for preventing peach tree brown rot |
| CN108496670A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-09-07 | 赣州市南康区俊萍果业发展有限公司 | A kind of red navel orange standardized planting technology of dragon time |
-
2019
- 2019-08-29 CN CN201910805722.7A patent/CN110521511B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660217A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-06-15 | 璧典附 | Novel method for preventing peach tree brown rot |
| CN104969805A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-14 | 融安县植保植检站 | Plague bacteria brown rot prevention and treatment method |
| CN105532214A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | 防城港市星湖生态农业有限公司 | Integrated control method for micobial disease based on dragon fruit |
| CN108496670A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-09-07 | 赣州市南康区俊萍果业发展有限公司 | A kind of red navel orange standardized planting technology of dragon time |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 蒲金基等: "芒果病害综合防治技术", 《中国热带农业》 * |
| 郑庆伟: "火龙果褐腐病防治建议", 《农药市场信息》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110521511B (en) | 2021-12-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106982640B (en) | A kind of sandy loess wheat stalk crushes corn machine live broadcasting method under returning to the field | |
| Shukla et al. | Sugarcane in India | |
| CN103004449A (en) | Cultivation and management method of organic cotton | |
| CN105875128A (en) | Planting method of Chinese prickly ash | |
| CN107006258B (en) | Comprehensive prevention and control method for dragon fruit canker | |
| CN102860210A (en) | Method of growing seedlings of taxus mairei | |
| CN105165316A (en) | Rice cultivation method capable of effectively preventing disease and pest | |
| CN104855090A (en) | Cultivation method for autumn flowering peony | |
| CN102870641A (en) | Breeding method for honey plum | |
| CN107114191A (en) | A kind of peach trunk shape planting culture method | |
| CN106576727A (en) | Pollution-free sunflower culture method | |
| CN105052524A (en) | Planting method for interplanting potatoes in young orchard | |
| CN105794584A (en) | Potted fruit tree, soft-seed pomegranate and chrysanthemum three-crop interplanting method in greenhouse planting | |
| CN111492906A (en) | Green comprehensive prevention and control method for southern melon vegetable thrips | |
| CN108575589B (en) | Method for realizing continuous crop rotation of four crops by integrating water, fertilizer and pesticide in sunlight greenhouse | |
| CN107347429A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of polygonum capitatum | |
| CN110073905A (en) | A kind of method of south China orchard weed management control | |
| CN110786199B (en) | Citrus planting method | |
| CN111052963A (en) | Method for preventing and treating diseases and insect pests of Chinese wolfberry | |
| CN102845205A (en) | Efficient cultivation method of wheat and corn | |
| CN104380953B (en) | A kind of method of plastic greenhouse cultivation fleabane flower | |
| CN110547166A (en) | method for root-limiting cultivation of polygonatum cyrtonema under high-gradient forest | |
| CN108283065A (en) | A kind of method of suitable Turfan Sweet Potato For High. yield Production cultivation | |
| CN110521511A (en) | A kind of dragon fruit brown rot Synthetical prevention method and its application based on accuracy pesticide applying | |
| CN111374006A (en) | Method for planting colorful fragrant rice by rice and shrimp co-cultivation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |