CN110521503A - Wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige - Google Patents
Wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige Download PDFInfo
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- CN110521503A CN110521503A CN201910726433.8A CN201910726433A CN110521503A CN 110521503 A CN110521503 A CN 110521503A CN 201910726433 A CN201910726433 A CN 201910726433A CN 110521503 A CN110521503 A CN 110521503A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige, it is constructed using wet-spraying machine, on the basis of original dry spray plant cover concrete formula, grass fiber and soil binder (doubling as water-retaining agent), which is added, improves the globality of substrate and the adhesion in slope surface, by the way that long-acting Common compound fertilizer is added in the substrate instead of the common Common compound fertilizer in part, to improve wet shot substrate later period nutrition condition；Novel wet shot plant cover concrete additive is developed to substitute original additive, improves workability, pH value and microorganism and the nutrition condition of substrate.Material therefor of the present invention is common, and construction efficiency is high, and Construction on Environment is friendly, is suitable for all kinds of engineering slope ecological protections and the restorations of the ecosystem such as building, mine, water conservancy, traffic, has wide popularization and application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to slope ecological reparations (also referred to as slope greening) and protecting slope ecology (also known as ecological slope protection or side slope
Slope protection greening) field, and in particular to arrive wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige.
Background technique
Plant cover concrete ecological vestige is by cement, loam, organic matter, vegetable seeds, fertilizer and plant cover concrete
Additive is mixed to get plant cover concrete slope protection greening substrate (abbreviation substrate, similarly hereinafter) according to proper ratio, then is sprayed with spraying machine
It is mapped in the side slope for needing restoration of the ecosystem or ecological protection and (is mainly used for abrupt slope), the technology of subsequent sprinkling maintenance.On most sides
On slope, often first construct before ejecting anchor pole and linked network, with enhancing base materials spray-up globality and stability.The technology was from 2000
Since front and back comes out, always using dry pressure spray process (using dry type spraying anchor mechanical equipment), large-scale promotion application is various
In water conservancy, mine, building, road slope restoration of the ecosystem and ecological protective measures.By a large amount of engineering practices, it is found that the technology has
There is the mechanical equipment used simple；Substrate spray-up has the advantages that good slope protection performance and erosion resistibility.But there is also bases
Material is hardened, pH value is higher, the not high problem of certain plants germination percentage.Although being developed successively between past more than 10 years a series of
Patented technology (such as modified plant cover concrete green additive preparation method ZL201110380711.2, a kind of vegetation coagulation
Land reform good figure microbial bacterial agent extremely preparation method ZL201611021143.6 etc.) upgrading is subject to original technology, but it is dry
(every set equipment is difficult to break through 300m daily low efficiency formula sprayed construction (referred to as dry spray)2Workload), dust pollution it is big, spray
Gunman's large labor intensity, the high disadvantage of security risk never overcome.
Although wet spraying process has without dust pollution, work efficiency is high, and (every set equipment is daily more than 500m2Work
Amount) the advantages of.But when using wet spraying process, in order to reach spray distance requirement, mixture mobility is larger, for holding when abrupt slope
Easily trickling.The exactly presence of this problem causes wet spraying process not to be used in plant cover concrete ecological slope protection field.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the wet shot plant cover concrete ecological slope protections that one kind good can be attached to abrupt slope
Technology, with low efficiency, big, the sprayed construction risk height of dust pollution etc. for overcoming the dry spray construction technology of existing plant cover concrete
Problem.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
Wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige, there is plane net and anchor pole in slope surface, and plane net is embedded in new spray vegetation
In concrete substrate spray-up；The new spray plant cover concrete substrate spray-up includes loam, cement, the addition of wet shot plant cover concrete
Agent, organic matter, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer and soil binder；New spray plant cover concrete substrate spray-up is applied using wet spraying process
Work, i.e., above-mentioned substrate composition material add water and stir into and are ejected into formation substrate spray-up in slope surface using wet-spraying machine after mud；It is described
Substrate spray-up includes base and surface layer, and surface layer also contains vegetable seeds.
The base include loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, organic matter, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer and
Soil binder, the construction proportion of base are (every cube is newly mixed substrate) and preparation method are as follows: loam 0.2-0.6m3, organic matter
0.1-0.15m3, cement 20-50kg, wet shot plant cover concrete additive 15-40kg, depot fertilizer 0.4-0.8kg, Common compound fertilizer
0.3-0.7kg, soil binder 0.1-0.3kg；Wherein, the volume of grass fiber accounts for 40%-50%, rotten rice husk in organic matter
Or the volume of vinasse accounts for 50%-60%；Grass fiber uses length for the cutted straw of 20-80mm or broken wheat straw；When preparing substrate, first
Water is added, adds loam, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, fully mixes and make mixture volume 1m3,
It is eventually adding wet shot plant cover concrete additive and soil binder, mix is uniformly rear to be painted.
The surface layer includes loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, Common compound fertilizer, depot fertilizer, soil bonding
Agent, organic matter and vegetable seeds, the construction proportion of surface layer are (every cube is newly mixed substrate) and preparation method are as follows: loam 0.2-
0.6m3, organic matter 0.1-0.2m3, cement 0-30kg, wet shot plant cover concrete additive 0-25kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.5-
0.8kg, depot fertilizer 0.4-1.2kg, soil binder 0.2-0.3kg, vegetable seeds 100-200g；Wherein, vegetable seeds medium-height grass
The granule number ratio of this and shrub is 2-3:1-2；The volume of grass fiber accounts for 20%-40%, rotten rice husk or wine in organic matter
The volume of grain accounts for 60%-80%；Grass fiber uses length for the cutted straw of 20-80mm or broken wheat straw；When preparing substrate, first it is added
Water adds loam, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, fully mixes and makes mixture volume 1m3, finally
Wet shot plant cover concrete additive, soil binder and vegetable seeds is added, mix is uniformly rear to be painted.
The loam selects surface soil, and native depth is taken to be less than 3m, and removes the sand grains that partial size is greater than 0.75cm.
The soil binder selects polyacrylamide, doubles as water-retaining agent.
The depot fertilizer uses durable composite fertilizer, and wherein N-P-K content ratio is 3-4:4-5:1-2；In Common compound fertilizer
N-P-K content ratio is 2-3:1-2:1-2.
The groundwork thickness is 5-10cm, surface thickness 1-2cm.
Three dimensional network+plane net substitution can also be used in the plane net；When using three dimensional network+plane net, lower layer three
Net is tieed up, upper layer is plane net.
Centrifugal pump or plunger pump type wet-spraying machine may be selected in the wet-spraying machine；It is general to combine when using plunger pump hydroseeder
It is conveyed using pressure wind.
Wet shot plant cover concrete additive used is prepared by the following steps:
(1) composite bacterial powders A (abbreviation powders A) is prepared:
In parts by weight, by 5-8 parts of raw material strain bacillus megaterium phosphorus decomposing Gongzhuling mutation, Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-4
After part, 5-10 parts of Plesiomonas, 40-70 parts of colloid bacillus cereus mixing, it is put into the aqueous sucrose solution that concentration is 2% at room temperature
Culture 24 hours, re-dry obtain the powder B rich in bacterium；By false indigo Autoinducer and Mo Leilan Sinorhizobium
10-20 parts are put into the aqueous solution that sucrose concentration is 2%, urea concentration is 0.5% and cultivate at room temperature 72 hours, and re-dry obtains
Powder C containing bacterium；Powder B and powder C mix are finally obtained into powders A；
Two kinds of raw material bacterium false indigo Autoinducers and Mo Leilan Sinorhizobium are added with arbitrary proportion；
(2) composite bacterial powder D (abbreviation powder D) is prepared:
In parts by weight, it by 20-30 parts of raw material strain Trichoderma viride, 10-15 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 15-20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, puts
Enter and cultivated at room temperature in the aqueous solution of starch-containing 8%, glucose 2%, agar 1% 24 hours, obtains the powder containing bacterium after dry
Last D；
(3) mixture E is prepared:
In parts by weight, it by 8-15 parts of land plaster, 40-45 parts of ground phosphate rock, 10-15 parts of Iron Ore Powder mixing, is obtained after dry
Mixture E；
(4) wet shot plant cover concrete additive is prepared:
In parts by weight, it by 1-2 parts of powders A, 1-2 parts of powder D, 80-90 parts of mixture E, fully mixes to obtain wet shot
Plant cover concrete additive；
Iron Ore Powder used, ground phosphate rock partial size are 40-60 mesh；Land plaster partial size is 100-200 mesh；
Powders A, powder D and the mixture E moisture content is less than 8%；
The land plaster is beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder；
Raw material strain living bacteria count (cfu) used is greater than 0.20 hundred million/g.
The construction method of above-mentioned wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige, comprising the following steps:
1) slope surface is arranged net: being laid with plane net in slope surface and is fixed with anchor pole, anchor pole is inserted into slope according to certain spacing
Face, and it is exposed；
2) plant cover concrete substrate is prepared；
3) plant cover concrete substrate is sprayed using wet spraying process, construct respectively base and surface layer, using multiple layering injection
Form of construction work reach design jetting thickness.
In conjunction with above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) wet spraying process is used, construction efficiency can be greatly improved, reduce dust pollution；Also using centrifugal pump wet-spraying machine
The risk and labor intensity of sprayed construction can be reduced；Thicker substrate is sprayed using plunger pump wet shot function, wide adaptation range is raw
It produces high-efficient.
(2) formula is improved, grass fiber is introduced and substitutes part organic matter, to increase the globality of wet shot substrate；Introduce tool
Having the soil binder (as water-retaining agent) of cementation reduces wet shot substrate mobility by its water suction and the colloid generated
With its adhesion of raising；Expand the use scope of wet spraying process.
(3) it introduces long-acting Common compound fertilizer and replaces the common Common compound fertilizer in part, to improve wet shot substrate later period nutrition shape
Condition.
(4) material therefor of the present invention is common, and most of material or local material can be effectively controlled construction cost.Have
Great application value, every set equipment achievable 500m daily2Above workload.
(5) construction in layer technique is used, each jetting thickness is reduced, the moisture in new spray-up is enable to be absorbed by old spray-up
A part reduces the mobility of new spray-up, improves its adhesion.Joint soil binder and wet shot plant cover concrete additive
The hydration of the water sorption of middle gypsum, cement, can quickly improve substrate consistency, make its be used in abrupt slope also and have it is attached well
.
(6) novel wet shot plant cover concrete additive is used, it is public that bacillus megaterium phosphorus decomposing is introduced in additive
Main ridge mutation, Pseudomonas fluorescens, the nucleic acid and phosphatide of organic matter, release phosphorus nutrient in the substrate that can degrade very well；It introduces adjacent
Monad can decompose the phosphorus contained in the rock phosphate in powder in substrate, provide enough phosphorus nutrients in the middle and later periods for side slope vegetation；
The mixture that false indigo Autoinducer or Mo Leilan Sinorhizobium or both are introduced in additive is conducive to promote
Into widely used pionner --- the germination and growth of leguminous plant (such as false indigo, alfalfa) improve substrate nitrogen
The sustainable supply of nutrient；
Colloid bacillus cereus is introduced in wet shot plant cover concrete additive, auxin substance, gibberellin substance Yin can be secreted
The growth promoting substances such as indolylbutyric acid, extraneous root strong sprout, directly enhancing plant anti-adversity ability；
Colloid bacillus cereus can decompose hydrolysis product of cement in substrate --- and the element silicon in silicate is utilized for plant, is made
The wax coat for obtaining plant thickens, and improves plant drought ability.Colloid bacillus cereus is by somatic cells in seed or crop root
Surrounding growth breeding, a large amount of organic acid and enzyme are generated in its metabolic process, makes the silicate and aluminosilicate of indissoluble in substrate
The mineral such as salt decompose, and K, P, Si, Mg, Zn etc. are released in the form of an ion, absorb, utilize for root system of plant；
Colloid bacillus cereus can also promote substrate crumb structure to be formed, and prevent substrate hardened；Substrate capillary phenomenon is destroyed, is prevented
Only substrate moisture evaporates, and further increases drought-resistant ability；
Trichoderma viride, aspergillus oryzae and saccharomyces cerevisiae are introduced in wet shot plant cover concrete additive, can comparatively fast degrade base
Plant fiber present in material provides enough nutrients for root system of plant.These nutrients discharge after usually after construction 6 months, energy
Chemical fertilizer is taken over well, and nutrient is provided.Root system of plant has been formed at this time, can be taken over plant fiber and be made to the reinforcement of substrate reinforcement
With, will not because of plant fiber rot and adversely affect；
Joined more land plaster in wet shot plant cover concrete additive, not only can early stage can be quickly anti-with tricalcium aluminate
Entringite should be generated, the mobility of substrate is reduced, improves substrate adhesion；Free and hydration reaction in cement can also be digested
The alkali of generation generates Na2SO4、K2SO4With Ca (OH)2(generating entringite), realizes the pH value for reducing substrate, is conducive to plant germination.
In addition, semi-hydrated gypsum powder more than needed can also rapid condensation hardening (part moisture content can be consumed by generating dihydrate gypsum), reduce new spray
The mobility of substrate improves the cohesiveness of new spray substrate, attachment when steep side slope is used for conducive to substrate；
The ground phosphate rock and Iron Ore Powder being added in substrate are mentioned using the nutrient balance of substrate for middle and later periods slope surface nutrient supply
It has supplied to ensure.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described.
Fig. 1 is the floor plan of anchor pole of the present invention and plane net in slope surface.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the section structure of the Fig. 1 at A-A.
In figure: plane net 1, anchor pole 2, base 3, surface layer 4.
Specific embodiment
The preparation of wet shot plant cover concrete additive:
Bacterium used in the present invention is specific as follows:
Bacillus megaterium phosphorus decomposing Gongzhuling mutation (Bacillus.megatherium var.phosphaticum
kungchuling)；
Pseudomonas fluorescens (P.fluorescens)；
Plesiomonas (Plesiomonas Habs and Schubert)；
Colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus Krassilnikov)；
False indigo Autoinducer (M.amorphae) or Mo Leilan Sinorhizobium (S.morelense)；
Colloid bacillus cereus (Bacillus mucilaginosus Krassilnikov)；
Strain Trichoderma viride (Trichoderma viride)；
Aspergillus oryzae (Aspergillus oryzae (Asp.oryzae))；
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
Wet shot plant cover concrete addictive preparation method, steps are as follows:
(1) composite bacterial powders A is prepared:
In parts by weight, by 5-8 parts of raw material strain bacillus megaterium phosphorus decomposing Gongzhuling mutation, Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-4
After part, 5-10 parts of Plesiomonas, 40-70 parts of colloid bacillus cereus mixing, it is put into the aqueous sucrose solution that concentration is 2% at room temperature
Culture 24 hours, re-dry obtain the powder B rich in bacterium；By false indigo Autoinducer or Mo Leilan Sinorhizobium or
10-20 parts of mixture of the two are put into the aqueous solution that sucrose concentration is 2%, urea concentration is 0.5% that cultivate 72 at room temperature small
When, re-dry obtains the powder C containing bacterium；Powder B and powder C mix are finally obtained into powders A.The original of composite bacterial powders A
Material strain specific formula is shown in Table 1.
Raw material strain specific formula (unit: Kg) table 1 of composite bacterial powders A
Raw material strain living bacteria count (cfu) used is greater than 0.20 hundred million/g.
(2) composite bacterial powder D is prepared:
In parts by weight, it by 20-30 parts of raw material strain Trichoderma viride, 10-15 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 15-20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, puts
Enter and cultivated at room temperature in the aqueous solution of starch-containing 8%, glucose 2%, agar 1% 24 hours, obtains the powder containing bacterium after dry
Last D.
The raw material strain specific formula of composite bacterial powder D is shown in Table 2.
Raw material strain specific formula (unit: Kg) table 2 of composite bacterial powder D
| Serial number | Trichoderma viride | Aspergillus oryzae | Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
| 1 | 20 | 10 | 15 |
| 2 | 25 | 12 | 17 |
| 3 | 30 | 15 | 20 |
| 4 | 20 | 15 | 15 |
| 5 | 25 | 10 | 20 |
Raw material strain living bacteria count (cfu) used is greater than 0.20 hundred million/g.
(3) mixture E is prepared:
In parts by weight, it by 8-15 parts of land plaster, 40-45 parts of ground phosphate rock, 10-15 parts of Iron Ore Powder mixing, is obtained after dry
Mixture E；The raw material specific formula of mixture E is shown in Table 3.
Raw material specific formula (unit: Kg) table 3 of mixture E
| Serial number | Land plaster | Ground phosphate rock | Iron Ore Powder |
| 1 | 8 | 40 | 10 |
| 2 | 12 | 42 | 12 |
| 3 | 15 | 45 | 15 |
| 4 | 15 | 40 | 15 |
| 5 | 8 | 45 | 10 |
Iron Ore Powder used, ground phosphate rock partial size are 40-60 mesh；Land plaster partial size is 100-200 mesh；The land plaster is
Beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder.
(4) wet shot plant cover concrete additive is prepared:
In parts by weight, by 1-2 parts of composite bacterial powders A, D1-2 parts of composite bacterial powder and mixture E 80-90
Part is uniformly mixed, and obtains this wet shot plant cover concrete additive.
The raw material specific formula of wet shot plant cover concrete additive is shown in Table 4.
Raw material specific formula (unit: Kg) table 4 of wet shot plant cover concrete additive
| Serial number | Composite bacterial powders A | Composite bacterial powder D | Mixture E |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 80 |
| 2 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 85 |
| 3 | 2 | 2 | 90 |
| 4 | 1 | 2 | 90 |
| 5 | 1.5 | 2 | 80 |
1-2 parts of composite bacterial powders A, composite bacterial powder D and mixture E moisture content are less than 8%.
It will be stand-by by wet shot plant cover concrete additive obtained by the above method.
Construction embodiment 1
Bank slope under the road of In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River, side slope be weak weathering limestone, 55 ° of the gradient.The proposed adoption present invention gives birth to
State slope protection.
14# iron wire is laid in slope surface, mesh is that the zinc-plated plane wire netting of 6cm × 6cm machine volume is used in combinationScrew-thread steel anchor
Bar is fixed, and anchor pole is inserted into slope surface 30cm, exposed 6-8cm according to the spacing of 1.5m × 1.5m.Plane net is apart from slope surface 5-6cm；Newly
It sprays plant cover concrete substrate to construct using wet spraying process, that is, includes 8cm thickness base and 1cm thickness surface layer.
The base is by loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, organic matter, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, soil
Earth adhesive composition, the construction proportion of base are (every cube is newly mixed substrate): loam 0.6m3, organic matter 0.1m3, cement 20kg,
Wet shot plant cover concrete additive 20kg, depot fertilizer 0.8kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.3kg, soil binder 0.1kg；Wherein, have
The volume of grass fiber accounts for 40% in machine matter, and the volume of rotten rice husk or vinasse accounts for 60%；Grass fiber uses length for 20-80mm
Cutted straw；When preparing substrate, water is first added, adds loam, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, sufficiently mixes
Merging makes mixture volume 1m3, be eventually adding wet shot plant cover concrete additive and soil binder, after mix is uniform to
Spray.
The surface layer is bonded by loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, Common compound fertilizer, depot fertilizer, soil
Agent, organic matter, vegetable seeds composition, the construction proportion of surface layer are (every cube is newly mixed substrate): loam 0.6m3, organic matter
0.15m3, wet shot plant cover concrete additive 10kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.5kg, depot fertilizer 0.4kg, soil binder 0.3kg,
Lily magnolia, false indigo, alfalfa, herba eleusines indicae, Bermuda grass, coreopsis, Zinnia are spent more in vegetable seeds 100g, vegetable seeds selection
Composition, every kind of plant minimum dosage 2g；Wherein, the granule number ratio of draft and shrub is 2:1 in vegetable seeds；Organic matter medium-height grass
The volume of fiber accounts for 20%, and the volume of rotten rice husk or vinasse accounts for 80%；Grass fiber uses length for the broken rice of 20-80mm
Grass；When preparing substrate, water is first added, adds loam, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, fully mixes and makes
Mixture volume is 1m3, it is eventually adding wet shot plant cover concrete additive, soil binder and vegetable seeds, after mix is uniform
It is to be painted.
The cement uses Portland pozzolana cement or slag silicate cement.
The loam selects surface soil, and native depth is taken to be less than 3m, and removes the sand grains that partial size is greater than 0.75cm.
The soil binder selects polyacrylamide, doubles as water-retaining agent.
The depot fertilizer uses durable composite fertilizer, and wherein N-P-K content ratio is 3:4:2；N P and K in Common compound fertilizer
Content ratio 3:1:1.
The GYP-90 type wet-spraying machine of wet blasting construction selection Henan Geng Li machinery production (while assisting pressure using 9 cubes/point
Wind), base reaches design jetting thickness using the form of construction work that the injection of two secondary clearings, surface layer are once sprayed.
Construction embodiment 2
Certain southwestern mine quarrying slab field side slope (road side slope), side slope are weak-weathered rock side slope, and the gradient is 70 °, height 40m,
The proposed adoption present invention carries out restoration of the ecosystem.
14# iron wire is laid in slope surface, mesh is that the zinc-plated plane wire netting of 6cm × 6cm machine volume is used in combinationScrew-thread steel anchor
Bar is fixed, and anchor pole is inserted into slope surface 35cm, exposed 8-10cm according to the spacing of 1m × 1m.Plane net is apart from slope surface 6-8cm；New spray is planted
It is constructed by concrete substrate using wet spraying process, that is, includes 9cm thickness base and 1cm thickness surface layer.
The base is by loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, organic matter, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, soil
Earth adhesive composition, the construction proportion of base are (every cube is newly mixed substrate): loam 0.4m3, organic matter 0.15m3, cement 45kg,
Wet shot plant cover concrete additive 35kg, depot fertilizer 0.6kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.6kg, soil binder 0.2kg；Wherein, have
The volume of grass fiber accounts for 50% in machine matter, and the volume of rotten rice husk or vinasse accounts for 50%；Grass fiber uses length for 20-80mm
Cutted straw；When preparing substrate, water is first added, adds loam, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, sufficiently mixes
Merging makes mixture volume 1m3, be eventually adding wet shot plant cover concrete additive and soil binder, after mix is uniform to
Spray.
The surface layer is bonded by loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, Common compound fertilizer, depot fertilizer, soil
Agent, organic matter, vegetable seeds composition, the construction proportion of surface layer are (every cube is newly mixed substrate): loam 0.4m3, organic matter
0.10m3, cement 25kg, wet shot plant cover concrete additive 25kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.8kg, depot fertilizer 0.8kg, soil bonding
Agent 0.3kg, vegetable seeds 150g；Vegetable seeds selection spend more lily magnolia, false indigo, alfalfa, horse spine, Manila, Trifolium repense,
Korea lawn grass, Zinnia；Every kind of plant is no less than 3g；Wherein, the granule number ratio of draft and shrub is 3:1 in vegetable seeds；Have
The volume of grass fiber accounts for 30% in machine matter, and the volume of rotten rice husk or vinasse accounts for 70%；Grass fiber uses length for 20-80mm
Cutted straw；When preparing substrate, water is first added, adds loam, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, sufficiently mixes
Merging makes mixture volume 1m3, it is eventually adding wet shot plant cover concrete additive, soil binder and vegetable seeds, mix
It is to be painted after uniformly.
The cement uses ordinary portland cement.
The loam selects surface soil, and native depth is taken to be less than 3m, and removes the sand grains that partial size is greater than 0.75cm.
The soil binder selects polyacrylamide, doubles as water-retaining agent.
The depot fertilizer uses durable composite fertilizer, and wherein N-P-K content ratio is 4:5:2；N P and K in Common compound fertilizer
Content ratio is 3:2:2.
Wet blasting construction selection is gloomy to make every effort to overcome HPB80120K type wet type removed-earth jet sowing machine, using the construction party of multiple layering injection
Formula reaches design jetting thickness (3 injections of base, surface layer 1 time injection).
Construction embodiment 3
North China highway subgrade slope (cut slope), side slope are granite, and rock is complete, 75 ° of the gradient, height 60m.It is quasi-
Ecological Slope protection is carried out using the present invention.
Plastic three-dimensional net is first laid in slope surface, re-laying mesh is 5cm × 5cm flat plastic net, if at the top of three dimensional network
Dry place is bound with plane net, and plane net is fixed onOn twisted steel anchor rod；Anchor pole is inserted into slope surface according to the spacing of 1m × 1m
40cm, exposed 8-10cm.Plane net is apart from slope surface 7-8cm；New spray plant cover concrete substrate is constructed using wet spraying process, that is, includes
9cm thickness base and 2cm thickness surface layer.
The base is by loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, organic matter, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, soil
Earth adhesive composition, the construction proportion of base are (every cube is newly mixed substrate): loam 0.2m3, organic matter 0.15m3, cement 50kg,
Wet shot plant cover concrete additive 40kg, depot fertilizer 0.8kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.7kg, soil binder 0.3kg；Wherein, have
The volume of grass fiber accounts for 50% in machine matter, and the volume of rotten rice husk or vinasse accounts for 50%；Grass fiber uses length for 20-80mm
Broken wheat straw；When preparing substrate, water is first added, adds loam, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, sufficiently mixes
Merging makes mixture volume 1m3, be eventually adding wet shot plant cover concrete additive and soil binder, after mix is uniform to
Spray.
The surface layer is bonded by loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, Common compound fertilizer, depot fertilizer, soil
Agent, organic matter, vegetable seeds composition, the construction proportion of surface layer are (every cube is newly mixed substrate): loam 0.2m3, organic matter
0.10m3, cement 30kg, wet shot plant cover concrete additive 30kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.5kg, depot fertilizer 1.2kg, soil bonding
Agent 0.3kg, vegetable seeds 200g；Vegetable seeds selection spend more lily magnolia, false indigo, alfalfa, Vitex negundo var cannabifolia, Chinese pennisetum, Bermuda grass,
Rye grass, coreopsis；Every kind of plant is no less than 3g；Wherein, the granule number ratio of draft and shrub is 3:2 in vegetable seeds；Have
The volume of grass fiber accounts for 40% in machine matter, and the volume of rotten rice husk or vinasse accounts for 60%；Grass fiber uses length for 20-80mm
Cutted straw；When preparing substrate, water is first added, adds loam, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, sufficiently mixes
Merging makes mixture volume 1m3, it is eventually adding wet shot plant cover concrete additive, soil binder and vegetable seeds, mix
It is to be painted after uniformly.
The cement uses portland cement.
The loam selects surface soil, and native depth is taken to be less than 3m, and removes the sand grains that partial size is greater than 0.75cm.
The soil binder selects polyacrylamide, doubles as water-retaining agent.
The depot fertilizer uses durable composite fertilizer, and wherein N-P-K content ratio is 3:5:2；N P and K in Common compound fertilizer
Content ratio is 2:2:2.
Wet blasting construction selection is gloomy to make every effort to overcome HPB80120K type wet type removed-earth jet sowing machine, using the construction party of multiple layering injection
Formula reaches design jetting thickness (5 injections of base, surface layer 2 times injections).
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige, including have plane net (1) and anchor pole (2), feature in slope surface
Be: plane net (1) is embedded in new spray plant cover concrete substrate spray-up；The new spray plant cover concrete substrate spray-up mainly by
Loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, organic matter, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, soil binder composition；New spray is planted
It is constructed by concrete substrate spray-up using wet spraying process, i.e., above-mentioned substrate composition material utilizes wet-spraying machine after adding water and stirring into mud
It is ejected into formation substrate spray-up in slope surface；The substrate spray-up includes base (3) and surface layer (4), and surface layer (4) also contains plant species
Son.
2. wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: base (3) packet
Loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, organic matter, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer, soil binder are included, base applies
Work proportion is (every cube is newly mixed substrate) and preparation method are as follows: loam 0.2-0.6 m3, organic matter 0.1-0.15 m3, cement 20-
50 kg, wet shot plant cover concrete additive 15-40 kg, depot fertilizer 0.4-0.8 kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.3-0.7 kg, soil
Adhesive 0.1-0.3 kg；Wherein, the volume of grass fiber accounts for 40%-50% in organic matter, and the volume of rotten rice husk or vinasse accounts for
50%-60%；Grass fiber uses length for the cutted straw of 20-80mm or broken wheat straw；When preparing substrate, water is first added, adds earth
Soil, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer fully mix and make 1 m of mixture volume3, it is eventually adding wet shot plant
By concrete additive and soil binder, mix is uniformly rear to be painted.
3. wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: surface layer (4) packet
Include loam, cement, wet shot plant cover concrete additive, Common compound fertilizer, depot fertilizer, soil binder, organic matter, vegetable seeds
Composition, the construction proportion of surface layer are (every cube is newly mixed substrate) and preparation method are as follows: loam 0.2-0.6 m3, organic matter 0.1-
0.2 m3, cement 0-30 kg, wet shot plant cover concrete additive 0-25 kg, Common compound fertilizer 0.5-0.8 kg, depot fertilizer
0.4-1.2 kg, soil binder 0.2-0.3 kg, vegetable seeds 100-200 g；Wherein, draft and shrub in vegetable seeds
Granule number ratio is 2-3:1-2；The volume of grass fiber accounts for 20%-40% in organic matter, and the volume of rotten rice husk or vinasse accounts for
60%-80%；Grass fiber uses length for the cutted straw of 20-80mm or broken wheat straw；When preparing substrate, water is first added, adds earth
Soil, organic matter, cement, depot fertilizer, Common compound fertilizer fully mix and make 1 m of mixture volume3, it is eventually adding wet shot plant
By concrete additive, soil binder and vegetable seeds, mix is uniformly rear to be painted.
4. wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the loam selects table
Soil takes native depth less than 3 m, and removes the sand grains that partial size is greater than 0.75 cm.
5. wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the soil binder
Polyacrylamide is selected, water-retaining agent is doubled as.
6. wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the depot fertilizer uses
Durable composite fertilizer, wherein N-P-K content ratio is 3-4:4-5:1-2；N-P-K content ratio is 2-3:1- in Common compound fertilizer
2:1-2.
7. wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the base (3) is thick
Degree is 5-10 cm, and surface layer (4) is with a thickness of 1-2 cm.
8. wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plane net
(1) using three dimensional network+plane net substitution；When using three dimensional network+plane net, lower layer is three dimensional network, and upper layer is plane net.
9. wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wet shot vegetation used is mixed
Solidifying soil additive is prepared by the following steps:
(1) composite bacterial powders A is prepared:
In parts by weight, by 5-8 parts of raw material strain bacillus megaterium phosphorus decomposing Gongzhuling mutation, 2-4 parts of Pseudomonas fluorescens, neighbour
After 5-10 parts of monad, 40-70 parts of colloid bacillus cereus mixing, it is put into the aqueous sucrose solution that concentration is 2% and cultivates 24 at room temperature
Hour, re-dry obtains the powder B rich in bacterium；By false indigo Autoinducer or Mo Leilan Sinorhizobium or both
10-20 parts of mixture are put into the aqueous solution that sucrose concentration is 2%, urea concentration is 0.5% and cultivate at room temperature 72 hours, re-dry
Obtain the powder C containing bacterium；Powder B and powder C mix are finally obtained into powders A；
Kind raw material bacterium false indigo Autoinducer and the mixing of Mo Leilan Sinorhizobium are added when using with arbitrary proportion；
(2) composite bacterial powder D is prepared:
In parts by weight, it by 20-30 parts of raw material strain Trichoderma viride, 10-15 parts of aspergillus oryzae, 15-20 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae, is put into
Starch-containing 8%, it is cultivated at room temperature 24 hours in the aqueous solution of glucose 2%, agar 1%, obtains the powder D containing bacterium after dry；
(3) mixture E is prepared:
In parts by weight, it by 8-15 parts of land plaster, 40-45 parts of ground phosphate rock, 10-15 parts of Iron Ore Powder mixing, is mixed after dry
Object E；
(4) wet shot plant cover concrete additive is prepared:
In parts by weight, it by 1-2 parts of powders A, 1-2 parts of powder D, 80-90 parts of mixture E, fully mixes to obtain wet shot plant
By concrete additive；
Iron Ore Powder used, ground phosphate rock partial size are 40-60 mesh；Land plaster partial size is 100-200 mesh；
Powders A, powder D and the mixture E moisture content is less than 8%；
The land plaster is beta-type semi-hydrated gypsum powder；
Raw material strain living bacteria count (cfu) used is greater than 0.20 hundred million/g.
10. the construction method of wet shot plant cover concrete ecological vestige described in any claim in claim 1-9,
It is characterized in that: the following steps are included:
1) slope surface is arranged net: it is laid with plane net in slope surface and is fixed with anchor pole, anchor pole is inserted into slope surface according to certain spacing, and
It is exposed；
2) plant cover concrete substrate is prepared；
3) plant cover concrete substrate is sprayed using wet spraying process, construct respectively base and surface layer, using applying for multiple layering injection
Work mode reaches design jetting thickness.
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