CN110521485B - Seedling cultivation method for high-quality rivastigmine white grapes - Google Patents
Seedling cultivation method for high-quality rivastigmine white grapes Download PDFInfo
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- CN110521485B CN110521485B CN201910887464.1A CN201910887464A CN110521485B CN 110521485 B CN110521485 B CN 110521485B CN 201910887464 A CN201910887464 A CN 201910887464A CN 110521485 B CN110521485 B CN 110521485B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling cultivation method of high-quality rivastigmine white grapes, which comprises the steps of 1) selecting and cultivating seedlings, 2) preparing soil and digging fixed planting furrows, 3) cultivating, 4) building a shed and covering a film, 5) fertilizing, 6) fixing tips, shaping and trimming, 7) preventing and controlling insect pests, and 8) bagging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of white grape planting, in particular to a seedling culture method of high-quality rivastigmine white grapes.
Background
The Riesling white grape is a grape variety for producing the grape wine, the aroma of the Riesling white grape can be shaped by fragrant, the Riesling white grape has the aroma of various fruits and flowers, the sugar accumulation is slow in the growth process of the Riesling, and the acidity can be maintained for a long time.
However, roots of rivastigmine are particularly easy to be infected by germs, branches which are usually subjected to a cutting method are easy to be infected, the branches are inserted into sandy soil or a culture medium to promote new roots to grow into an independent new grape tree, the end parts of the cut grape branches are soaked in a solution before the cut grape branches are subjected to cutting cultivation to improve the germination rate and the survival rate, the soaking time is usually long, the grape branches are cut from the grape trees 15 days earlier and then soaked in the solution, the process is long, the grape branches lose activity due to water loss or rot due to excessive soaking in the process, and the survival rate of the cut grape branches is reduced.
After the white grapes are planted, the quality of the reyerbadetajo white grapes can be affected in a new environment, and the problem that the white grapes are troubled for cultivation is also solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a seedling culture method of high-quality rivastigmine white grapes.
The scheme of the invention is as follows:
a seedling cultivation method of high-quality rivastigmine white grapes comprises the following steps:
1) selecting and growing seedlings, selecting 2-year mature Riesling white grape branches which are pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and full in bud eyes as seed strips, cutting the seed strips into grape cuttage of 0.5-1 m, wherein more than 3 bud eyes are arranged on the grape cuttage, the lower end of the grape cuttage is an oblique opening, soaking the grape cuttage in a sterilizing solution for 1-2 min, cleaning, soaking the grape cuttage in a nutrient supplement solution for 30-60 min, then inserting the grape cuttage into a culture medium, and dripping 10-20 drops of a maintenance solution into the grape cuttage of the culture medium every 12 h;
2) digging planting furrows in the whole land, and building a garden in a loam land which has flat terrain, loose soil, convenient irrigation and drainage and deep and fertile soil layer; ditching in the north-south direction, digging planting furrows according to the row spacing of 1.5-2.5 m, wherein the width of each planting furrow is 0.5-0.8 m, the depth of each planting furrow is 0.6-0.8 m, sterilizing penetrating fluid is sprayed into each planting furrow, and then a matrix with the thickness of 5-20 cm is filled into each planting furrow, wherein the matrix comprises 20-31% of diatomite and 15-20% of volcanic soil in parts by weight; 10-15% of humus soil; 5-10% of river sand; 3-6% of wood chips; 5-10% of organic fermented fertilizer; 1-3% of plant soot; 2-3% of giant typhonium rhizome; 5-10% of beneficial bacterium liquid; 5-8% of protein powder liquid; 2-3% of glucose solution, namely uniformly mixing diatomite, volcanic soil, humus, river sand, wood dust, organic fermented fertilizer, plant soot and rhizoma typhonii, then pouring the beneficial bacterium solution, the protein powder solution and the glucose solution, and stirring to obtain a granular substrate;
3) cultivating, namely planting the grape cuttage dripped with the maintenance solution in the step 1) in a matrix in a customized ditch, and reserving a clear ploughing zone of 0.3-0.5 m on two sides of grape cuttage seedlings for cultivating and fertilizing;
4) building a shed and covering a film, paving a layer of pennisetum hydridum around the grape cuttage, and then paving a layer of degradable mulching film on the pennisetum hydridum; the rain sheltering facility frame adopts a steel frame greenhouse and a galvanized steel pipe multi-span greenhouse;
5) topdressing, namely spraying fertilizers to the roots or leaf surfaces of the grapes for 1-3 days per week to perform mixed application of urea, plant ash and compound fertilizers, spraying water for 1-3 times per week, and keeping the water content of the soil between 60-80%; applying 800-1000 kg of decomposed chicken manure and 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer to each mu of flowers after the fruit-strengthening fertilizer is applied for 10-15 days; spraying trace elements on the leaf surfaces during fruit expansion;
6) tip fixing, shaping and trimming, wherein when the young shoots on the surface of the rack are too dense, the dense branches are removed, and 7-9 young shoots are returned to the machine per square meter; only one inflorescence is reserved on each bearing branch, redundant auxiliary ears are timely removed 8-10 days before flowering, auxiliary tips below the inflorescence part are completely removed, 3-5 leaves are reserved at the above part for repeated pinching, and tendrils are cut off in time;
7) pest control is carried out, and the pest is intentionally controlled aiming at the planted grapes and intercropping crops so as to reduce the number of pests and improve the number of beneficial pests;
8) bagging, and bagging after fruit expansion period.
As a preferable technical scheme, the sterilization liquid in the step 1) is 3-5% of carrot juice by weight; 5-8% of rice washing water; 6-10% of wicker powder; 1-5% of bamboo leaf powder; 6-10% of ginger juice; and mixing the carrot juice, the rice washing water, the wicker powder, the bamboo leaf powder and the ginger juice, and uniformly mixing the mixture and the water according to a feeding ratio of 1: 5-10 to obtain the sterilizing liquid.
As a preferred technical scheme, the culture medium in the step 1) comprises sterile red soil, broad-leaved forest humus, chicken manure, sheep manure, cow manure, lime, tartary buckwheat seed shells, attapulgite and silt in a feeding ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0.5:0.02:1.5, and is subjected to high-pressure high-temperature sterilization and deinsectization treatment, and then is uniformly stirred at normal temperature.
As a preferable technical scheme, the humus soil under the broad-leaved forest is fermented for more than half a year.
As a preferable technical scheme, the thickness of pennisetum hydridum in the step 4) is 2-3 cm.
As a preferable technical scheme, the feeding ratio of glucose, potato supernatant, water, distiller's grains, cytokinin, ground phosphate rock and gibberellin in the maintenance liquid in the step 1) is 3:6:80:7: 3: 5: 1, stirring uniformly at normal temperature.
Preferably, the beneficial bacteria liquid in the above-mentioned Pinzhou Europe 2) is one of growth bacteria liquid and lactic acid bacteria liquid.
As a preferable technical scheme, the bagging time in the step 8) is preferably 9-11 am and 2-6 pm in fine days, and the clusters must be sprayed with a bactericide and an insecticide before bagging; .
According to a preferable technical scheme, the specification of the bagging in the step 8) is a paper bag with the length of 34-36 cm and the width of 23-25 cm.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the method for cultivating the high-quality Riesling white grape seedlings comprises the steps of 1) selecting the seedlings, selecting the Riesling white grape branches mature in 2 years and pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and full in bud eyes as seed strips, cutting the seed strips into grape cuttage with the length of 0.5-1 m, wherein more than 3 bud eyes are arranged on the grape cuttage, the lower end of the grape cuttage is provided with an oblique opening, soaking the grape cuttage in a sterilizing solution for 1-2 min, cleaning, soaking the grape cuttage in a nutrient supplement solution for 30-60 min, then inserting the grape cuttage into a culture medium, and dripping 10-20 drops of a maintenance solution into the grape cuttage of the culture medium every 12 h; 2) digging planting furrows in the whole land, and building a garden in a loam land which has flat terrain, loose soil, convenient irrigation and drainage and deep and fertile soil layer; ditching in the north-south direction, digging planting furrows according to the row spacing of 1.5-2.5 m, wherein the width of each planting furrow is 0.5-0.8 m, the depth of each planting furrow is 0.6-0.8 m, sterilizing penetrating fluid is sprayed into each planting furrow, and then a matrix with the thickness of 5-20 cm is filled into each planting furrow, wherein the matrix comprises 20-31% of diatomite and 15-20% of volcanic soil in parts by weight; 10-15% of humus soil; 5-10% of river sand; 3-6% of wood chips; 5-10% of organic fermented fertilizer; 1-3% of plant soot; 2-3% of giant typhonium rhizome; 5-10% of beneficial bacterium liquid; 5-8% of protein powder liquid; 2-3% of glucose solution, namely uniformly mixing diatomite, volcanic soil, humus, river sand, wood dust, organic fermented fertilizer, plant soot and rhizoma typhonii, then pouring the beneficial bacterium solution, the protein powder solution and the glucose solution, and stirring to obtain a granular substrate; 3) cultivating, namely planting the grape cuttage dripped with the maintenance solution in the step 1) in a matrix in a customized ditch, and reserving a clear ploughing zone of 0.3-0.5 m on two sides of grape cuttage seedlings for cultivating and fertilizing; 4) building a shed and covering a film, paving a layer of pennisetum hydridum around the grape cuttage, and then paving a layer of degradable mulching film on the pennisetum hydridum; the rain sheltering facility frame adopts a steel frame greenhouse and a galvanized steel pipe multi-span greenhouse; 5) topdressing, namely spraying fertilizers to the roots or leaf surfaces of the grapes for 1-3 days per week to perform mixed application of urea, plant ash and compound fertilizers, spraying water for 1-3 times per week, and keeping the water content of the soil between 60-80%; applying 800-1000 kg of decomposed chicken manure and 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer to each mu of flowers after the fruit-strengthening fertilizer is applied for 10-15 days; spraying trace elements on the leaf surfaces during fruit expansion; 6) tip fixing, shaping and trimming, wherein when the young shoots on the surface of the rack are too dense, the dense branches are removed, and 7-9 young shoots are returned to the machine per square meter; only one inflorescence is reserved on each bearing branch, redundant auxiliary ears are timely removed 8-10 days before flowering, auxiliary tips below the inflorescence part are completely removed, 3-5 leaves are reserved at the above part for repeated pinching, and tendrils are cut off in time; 7) pest control is carried out, and the pest is intentionally controlled aiming at the planted grapes and intercropping crops so as to reduce the number of pests and improve the number of beneficial pests; 8) bagging, and bagging after fruit expansion period.
The invention has the advantages that:
the quality of the planted rehicone white grapes is good, the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is less during planting, the produced rehicone white grapes are bright in color and luster, full in pulp, high in acidity value and even and large in size, meanwhile, the grapes do not easily fall off, the growth of the grapes is effectively promoted, the total yield of the rehicone white grapes is improved, the quality is improved, the yield is improved by 25-40% compared with the traditional planting yield, and the disease rate is reduced by 15-30%.
Detailed Description
In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the invention provides a seedling cultivation method of high-quality rivastigmine white grapes to solve the problems in the background art.
A seedling cultivation method of high-quality rivastigmine white grapes comprises the following steps:
1) selecting and growing seedlings, selecting 2-year mature Riesling white grape branches which are pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and full in bud eyes as seed strips, cutting the seed strips into grape cuttage of 0.5-1 m, wherein more than 3 bud eyes are arranged on the grape cuttage, the lower end of the grape cuttage is an oblique opening, soaking the grape cuttage in a sterilizing solution for 1-2 min, cleaning, soaking the grape cuttage in a nutrient supplement solution for 30-60 min, then inserting the grape cuttage into a culture medium, and dripping 10-20 drops of a maintenance solution into the grape cuttage of the culture medium every 12 h;
2) digging planting furrows in the whole land, and building a garden in a loam land which has flat terrain, loose soil, convenient irrigation and drainage and deep and fertile soil layer; ditching in the north-south direction, digging planting furrows according to the row spacing of 1.5-2.5 m, wherein the width of each planting furrow is 0.5-0.8 m, the depth of each planting furrow is 0.6-0.8 m, sterilizing penetrating fluid is sprayed into each planting furrow, and then a matrix with the thickness of 5-20 cm is filled into each planting furrow, wherein the matrix comprises 20-31% of diatomite and 15-20% of volcanic soil in parts by weight; 10-15% of humus soil; 5-10% of river sand; 3-6% of wood chips; 5-10% of organic fermented fertilizer; 1-3% of plant soot; 2-3% of giant typhonium rhizome; 5-10% of beneficial bacterium liquid; 5-8% of protein powder liquid; 2-3% of glucose solution, namely uniformly mixing diatomite, volcanic soil, humus, river sand, wood dust, organic fermented fertilizer, plant soot and rhizoma typhonii, then pouring the beneficial bacterium solution, the protein powder solution and the glucose solution, and stirring to obtain a granular substrate;
3) cultivating, namely planting the grape cuttage dripped with the maintenance solution in the step 1) in a matrix in a customized ditch, and reserving a clear ploughing zone of 0.3-0.5 m on two sides of grape cuttage seedlings for cultivating and fertilizing;
4) building a shed and covering a film, paving a layer of pennisetum hydridum around the grape cuttage, and then paving a layer of degradable mulching film on the pennisetum hydridum; the rain sheltering facility frame adopts a steel frame greenhouse and a galvanized steel pipe multi-span greenhouse;
5) topdressing, namely spraying fertilizers to the roots or leaf surfaces of the grapes for 1-3 days per week to perform mixed application of urea, plant ash and compound fertilizers, spraying water for 1-3 times per week, and keeping the water content of the soil between 60-80%; applying 800-1000 kg of decomposed chicken manure and 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer to each mu of flowers after the fruit-strengthening fertilizer is applied for 10-15 days; spraying trace elements on the leaf surfaces during fruit expansion;
6) tip fixing, shaping and trimming, wherein when the young shoots on the surface of the rack are too dense, the dense branches are removed, and 7-9 young shoots are returned to the machine per square meter; only one inflorescence is reserved on each bearing branch, redundant auxiliary ears are timely removed 8-10 days before flowering, auxiliary tips below the inflorescence part are completely removed, 3-5 leaves are reserved at the above part for repeated pinching, and tendrils are cut off in time;
7) pest control is carried out, and the pest is intentionally controlled aiming at the planted grapes and intercropping crops so as to reduce the number of pests and improve the number of beneficial pests;
8) bagging, and bagging after fruit expansion period.
The sterilization liquid in the step 1) is 3-5% of carrot juice by weight; 5-8% of rice washing water; 6-10% of wicker powder; 1-5% of bamboo leaf powder; 6-10% of ginger juice; and mixing the carrot juice, the rice washing water, the wicker powder, the bamboo leaf powder and the ginger juice, and uniformly mixing the mixture and the water according to a feeding ratio of 1: 5-10 to obtain the sterilizing liquid.
The culture medium in the step 1) comprises sterile red soil, broad-leaved forest humus, chicken manure, sheep manure, cow manure, lime, tartary buckwheat seed shells, attapulgite and silt in a feeding ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0.5:0.02:1.5, and is subjected to high-pressure high-temperature sterilization and deinsectization treatment, and then is uniformly stirred at normal temperature.
The humus soil under the broad-leaved forest is fermented for more than half a year.
The thickness of pennisetum hydridum in the step 4) is 2-3 cm.
The feeding ratio of glucose, potato supernatant, water, distiller's grains residue, cytokinin, ground phosphate rock and gibberellin in the maintenance solution in the step 1) is 3:6:80:7: 3: 5: 1, stirring uniformly at normal temperature.
The beneficial bacterium liquid in the Buzhou-Ou 2) is one of growth bacterium liquid and lactic acid bacterium liquid.
The bagging time in the step 8) is preferably 9-11 am and 2-6 pm in fine days, and the clusters must be sprayed with a bactericide and an insecticide before bagging; .
The specification of the bagging in the step 8) is a paper bag with the length of 34-36 cm and the width of 23-25 cm.
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
1) selecting and growing seedlings, selecting 2-year mature Riesling white grape branches which are pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and full in bud eyes as seed strips, cutting the seed strips into grape cuttage of 0.5m, wherein more than 3 bud eyes are arranged on the grape cuttage, the lower end of the grape cuttage is an oblique opening, soaking the grape cuttage in a sterilizing solution for 1min, cleaning, soaking the grape cuttage in a nutrient supplement solution for 30min, then inserting the grape cuttage into a culture medium, and dripping 10 drops of a maintenance solution into the grape cuttage of the culture medium every 12 h;
2) digging planting furrows in the whole land, and building a garden in a loam land which has flat terrain, loose soil, convenient irrigation and drainage and deep and fertile soil layer; ditching in the north-south direction after planting in a flat land, digging planting furrows according to the row spacing of 1.5m, wherein the width of each planting furrow is 0.5m, the depth of each planting furrow is 0.6m, sterilizing penetrating fluid is sprayed into each planting furrow, and then a matrix with the thickness of 5cm is filled into each planting furrow, wherein the matrix comprises 20% of diatomite and 15% of volcanic soil in parts by weight; 10% of humus soil; 5% of river sand; 3% of wood chips; 5% of organic fermented fertilizer; 1% of plant soot; 2% of giant typhonium rhizome; 5% of beneficial bacterium liquid; 5% of protein powder liquid; 2% of glucose solution, namely uniformly mixing diatomite, volcanic soil, humus, river sand, wood dust, organic fermented fertilizer, plant soot and rhizoma typhonii, then pouring the beneficial bacterium solution, the protein powder solution and the glucose solution, and stirring to obtain a granular substrate;
3) cultivating, namely planting the grape cuttage dripped with the maintenance solution in the step 1) in a matrix in a customized ditch, and reserving a clear ploughing zone of 0.3m on two sides of grape cuttage seedlings for cultivating and fertilizing;
4) building a shed and covering a film, paving a layer of pennisetum hydridum around the grape cuttage, and then paving a layer of degradable mulching film on the pennisetum hydridum; the rain sheltering facility frame adopts a steel frame greenhouse and a galvanized steel pipe multi-span greenhouse;
5) topdressing, namely spraying fertilizers to the roots or leaf surfaces of the grapes for 1-3 days per week to perform mixed application of urea, plant ash and compound fertilizers, spraying water for 1-3 times per week, and keeping the water content of the soil between 60-80%; applying 800-1000 kg of decomposed chicken manure and 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer to each mu of flowers after the fruit-strengthening fertilizer is applied for 10-15 days; spraying trace elements on the leaf surfaces during fruit expansion;
6) tip fixing, shaping and trimming, wherein when the young shoots on the surface of the rack are too dense, the dense branches are removed, and 7-9 young shoots are returned to the machine per square meter; only one inflorescence is reserved on each bearing branch, redundant auxiliary ears are timely removed 8-10 days before flowering, auxiliary tips below the inflorescence part are completely removed, 3-5 leaves are reserved at the above part for repeated pinching, and tendrils are cut off in time;
7) pest control is carried out, and the pest is intentionally controlled aiming at the planted grapes and intercropping crops so as to reduce the number of pests and improve the number of beneficial pests;
8) bagging, and bagging after fruit expansion period.
The sterilizing liquid in the step 1) is carrot juice 3% in parts by weight; 5% of rice washing water; 6% of wicker powder; 1% of bamboo leaf powder; 6% of ginger juice; mixing the carrot juice, rice washing water, wicker powder, bamboo leaf powder and ginger juice, and uniformly mixing the mixture and water according to a feeding ratio of 1:5 to obtain the sterilizing liquid.
The culture medium in the step 1) comprises sterile red soil, broad-leaved forest humus, chicken manure, sheep manure, cow manure, lime, tartary buckwheat seed shells, attapulgite and silt in a feeding ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0.5:0.02:1.5, and is subjected to high-pressure high-temperature sterilization and deinsectization treatment, and then is uniformly stirred at normal temperature.
The humus soil under the broad-leaved forest is fermented for more than half a year.
The thickness of pennisetum hydridum in the step 4) is 2 cm.
The feeding ratio of glucose, potato supernatant, water, distiller's grains residue, cytokinin, ground phosphate rock and gibberellin in the maintenance solution in the step 1) is 3:6:80:7: 3: 5: 1, stirring uniformly at normal temperature.
The beneficial bacterium liquid in the Buzhou-Ou 2) is one of growth bacterium liquid and lactic acid bacterium liquid.
The bagging time in the step 8) is preferably 9-11 am and 2-6 pm in fine days, and the clusters must be sprayed with a bactericide and an insecticide before bagging; .
The specification of the bagging in the step 8) is a paper bag with the length of 34-36 cm and the width of 23-25 cm.
Example 2:
1) selecting and growing seedlings, selecting 2-year mature Riesling white grape branches which are pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and full in bud eyes as seed strips, cutting the seed strips into 1m grape cuttage, wherein more than 3 bud eyes are formed in the grape cuttage, the lower end of the grape cuttage is an oblique opening, soaking the grape cuttage in a sterilizing solution for 2min, cleaning, soaking the grape cuttage in a nutrient supplement solution for 60min, then inserting the grape cuttage into a culture medium, and dripping 20 drops of a maintenance solution into the grape cuttage of the culture medium every 12 h;
2) digging planting furrows in the whole land, and building a garden in a loam land which has flat terrain, loose soil, convenient irrigation and drainage and deep and fertile soil layer; ditching in the north-south direction, digging planting furrows with a row spacing of 2.5m, wherein the width of each planting furrow is 0.8m, the depth of each planting furrow is 0.8m, sterilizing penetrating fluid is sprayed into the planting furrows, and then a matrix with the thickness of 20cm is filled into the planting furrows, wherein the matrix comprises 31% of diatomite and 20% of volcanic soil in parts by weight; 15% of humus soil; 10% of river sand; 6% of wood chips; 10% of organic fermented fertilizer; 3% of plant soot; 3% of giant typhonium rhizome; 10% of beneficial bacterium liquid; 8% of protein powder liquid; 3% of glucose solution, namely uniformly mixing diatomite, volcanic soil, humus, river sand, wood dust, organic fermented fertilizer, plant soot and rhizoma typhonii, then pouring the beneficial bacterium solution, the protein powder solution and the glucose solution, and stirring to obtain a granular substrate;
3) cultivating, namely planting the grape cuttage dripped with the maintenance solution in the step 1) in a matrix in a customized ditch, and reserving a clear ploughing zone of 0.5m on two sides of grape cuttage seedlings for cultivating and fertilizing;
4) building a shed and covering a film, paving a layer of pennisetum hydridum around the grape cuttage, and then paving a layer of degradable mulching film on the pennisetum hydridum; the rain sheltering facility frame adopts a steel frame greenhouse and a galvanized steel pipe multi-span greenhouse;
5) topdressing, namely spraying fertilizers to the roots or leaf surfaces of the grapes for 1-3 days per week to perform mixed application of urea, plant ash and compound fertilizers, spraying water for 1-3 times per week, and keeping the water content of the soil between 60-80%; applying 800-1000 kg of decomposed chicken manure and 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer to each mu of flowers after the fruit-strengthening fertilizer is applied for 10-15 days; spraying trace elements on the leaf surfaces during fruit expansion;
6) tip fixing, shaping and trimming, wherein when the young shoots on the surface of the rack are too dense, the dense branches are removed, and 7-9 young shoots are returned to the machine per square meter; only one inflorescence is reserved on each bearing branch, redundant auxiliary ears are timely removed 8-10 days before flowering, auxiliary tips below the inflorescence part are completely removed, 3-5 leaves are reserved at the above part for repeated pinching, and tendrils are cut off in time;
7) pest control is carried out, and the pest is intentionally controlled aiming at the planted grapes and intercropping crops so as to reduce the number of pests and improve the number of beneficial pests;
8) bagging, and bagging after fruit expansion period.
The sterilizing liquid in the step 1) is 5% of carrot juice by weight; 8% of rice washing water; 10% of wicker powder; 5% of bamboo leaf powder; 10% of ginger juice; mixing the carrot juice, rice washing water, wicker powder, bamboo leaf powder and ginger juice, and uniformly mixing the mixture and water according to a feeding ratio of 1:10 to obtain the sterilizing liquid.
The culture medium in the step 1) comprises sterile red soil, broad-leaved forest humus, chicken manure, sheep manure, cow manure, lime, tartary buckwheat seed shells, attapulgite and silt in a feeding ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0.5:0.02:1.5, and is subjected to high-pressure high-temperature sterilization and deinsectization treatment, and then is uniformly stirred at normal temperature.
The humus soil under the broad-leaved forest is fermented for more than half a year.
The thickness of pennisetum hydridum in the step 4) is 3 cm.
The feeding ratio of glucose, potato supernatant, water, distiller's grains residue, cytokinin, ground phosphate rock and gibberellin in the maintenance solution in the step 1) is 3:6:80:7: 3: 5: 1, stirring uniformly at normal temperature.
The beneficial bacterium liquid in the Buzhou-Ou 2) is one of growth bacterium liquid and lactic acid bacterium liquid.
The bagging time in the step 8) is preferably 9-11 am and 2-6 pm in fine days, and the clusters must be sprayed with a bactericide and an insecticide before bagging; .
The specification of the bagging in the step 8) is a paper bag with the length of 34-36 cm and the width of 23-25 cm.
Example 3:
1) selecting and growing seedlings, selecting 2-year mature Riesling white grape branches which are pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and full in bud eyes as seed strips, cutting the seed strips into grape cuttage of 0.6m, wherein more than 3 bud eyes are arranged on the grape cuttage, the lower end of the grape cuttage is an oblique opening, soaking the grape cuttage in a sterilizing solution for 2min, cleaning, soaking the grape cuttage in a nutrient supplement solution for 45min, then inserting the grape cuttage into a culture medium, and dripping 12 drops of a maintenance solution on the grape cuttage of the culture medium every 12 h;
2) digging planting furrows in the whole land, and building a garden in a loam land which has flat terrain, loose soil, convenient irrigation and drainage and deep and fertile soil layer; ditching in the north-south direction, digging planting furrows according to the row spacing of 2m, wherein the width of each planting furrow is 0.6m, the depth of each planting furrow is 0.6m, sterilizing penetrating fluid is sprayed into each planting furrow, and then a matrix with the thickness of 12cm is filled into each planting furrow, wherein the matrix comprises 25 weight parts of diatomite and 18 weight parts of volcanic soil; 12% of humus soil; 8% of river sand; 5% of wood chips; 8% of organic fermented fertilizer; 2% of plant soot; 2% of giant typhonium rhizome; 6% of beneficial bacterium liquid; 6% of protein powder liquid; 2% of glucose solution, namely uniformly mixing diatomite, volcanic soil, humus, river sand, wood dust, organic fermented fertilizer, plant soot and rhizoma typhonii, then pouring the beneficial bacterium solution, the protein powder solution and the glucose solution, and stirring to obtain a granular substrate;
3) cultivating, namely planting the grape cuttage dripped with the maintenance solution in the step 1) in a matrix in a customized ditch, and reserving a clear ploughing zone with the thickness of 0.4m on two sides of grape cuttage seedlings for cultivating and fertilizing;
4) building a shed and covering a film, paving a layer of pennisetum hydridum around the grape cuttage, and then paving a layer of degradable mulching film on the pennisetum hydridum; the rain sheltering facility frame adopts a steel frame greenhouse and a galvanized steel pipe multi-span greenhouse;
5) topdressing, namely spraying fertilizers to the roots or leaf surfaces of the grapes for 1-3 days per week to perform mixed application of urea, plant ash and compound fertilizers, spraying water for 1-3 times per week, and keeping the water content of the soil between 60-80%; applying 800-1000 kg of decomposed chicken manure and 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer to each mu of flowers after the fruit-strengthening fertilizer is applied for 10-15 days; spraying trace elements on the leaf surfaces during fruit expansion;
6) tip fixing, shaping and trimming, wherein when the young shoots on the surface of the rack are too dense, the dense branches are removed, and 7-9 young shoots are returned to the machine per square meter; only one inflorescence is reserved on each bearing branch, redundant auxiliary ears are timely removed 8-10 days before flowering, auxiliary tips below the inflorescence part are completely removed, 3-5 leaves are reserved at the above part for repeated pinching, and tendrils are cut off in time;
7) pest control is carried out, and the pest is intentionally controlled aiming at the planted grapes and intercropping crops so as to reduce the number of pests and improve the number of beneficial pests;
8) bagging, and bagging after fruit expansion period.
The sterilizing liquid in the step 1) is 4% of carrot juice by weight; 7% of rice washing water; 7% of wicker powder; 2% of bamboo leaf powder; 8% of ginger juice; mixing the carrot juice, rice washing water, wicker powder, bamboo leaf powder and ginger juice, and uniformly mixing the mixture and water according to a feeding ratio of 1:9 to obtain the sterilizing liquid.
The culture medium in the step 1) comprises sterile red soil, broad-leaved forest humus, chicken manure, sheep manure, cow manure, lime, tartary buckwheat seed shells, attapulgite and silt in a feeding ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0.5:0.02:1.5, and is subjected to high-pressure high-temperature sterilization and deinsectization treatment, and then is uniformly stirred at normal temperature.
The humus soil under the broad-leaved forest is fermented for more than half a year.
The thickness of pennisetum hydridum in the step 4) is 2 cm.
The feeding ratio of glucose, potato supernatant, water, distiller's grains residue, cytokinin, ground phosphate rock and gibberellin in the maintenance solution in the step 1) is 3:6:80:7: 3: 5: 1, stirring uniformly at normal temperature.
The beneficial bacterium liquid in the Buzhou-Ou 2) is one of growth bacterium liquid and lactic acid bacterium liquid.
The bagging time in the step 8) is preferably 9-11 am and 2-6 pm in fine days, and the clusters must be sprayed with a bactericide and an insecticide before bagging; .
The specification of the bagging in the step 8) is a paper bag with the length of 34-36 cm and the width of 23-25 cm.
Comparing the white grape single plants planted by the conventional method with the white grape single plants planted by the examples 1, 2 and 3, the yield of the single plant in the example 1 is 25 percent higher than that planted by the conventional method; the yield of the single plant in example 2 is 33.6% higher than that of the single plant planted by the conventional method, and the yield of the single plant in example 3 is 40% higher than that of the single plant planted by the conventional method.
Comparing the disease occurrence of 100 strains of white grapes planted by the conventional method with that of the white grapes planted by the conventional method, wherein the disease rate of the white grapes planted by the conventional method is 16.8% higher than that of the white grapes planted by the conventional method under the same 100 strain comparison; the disease rate of white grapes planted by the conventional method is higher than that of the white grapes planted by the embodiment 2 by 30.3 percent; the disease rate of white grapes planted by the conventional method is 28.7% higher than that of example 3.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A seedling culture method for high-quality rivastigmine white grapes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting and growing seedlings, selecting 2-year mature Riesling white grape branches which are pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and full in bud eyes as seed strips, cutting the seed strips into grape cuttage of 0.5-1 m, wherein more than 3 bud eyes are arranged on the grape cuttage, the lower end of the grape cuttage is an oblique opening, soaking the grape cuttage in a sterilizing solution for 1-2 min, cleaning, soaking the grape cuttage in a nutrient supplement solution for 30-60 min, then inserting the grape cuttage into a culture medium, and dripping 10-20 drops of a maintenance solution into the grape cuttage of the culture medium every 12 h; the culture medium comprises sterile red soil, broad-leaved forest humus soil, chicken manure, sheep manure, cow manure, lime, tartary buckwheat seed shells, attapulgite and silt with the feeding ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:0.5:0.02:1.5, and the culture medium is sterilized at high pressure and high temperature, deinsectized and uniformly stirred at normal temperature after being treated; the maintenance liquid comprises glucose, potato supernatant, water, distiller's grains, cytokinin, ground phosphate rock and gibberellin, wherein the feeding ratio of the glucose to the potato supernatant to the water to the gibberellin is 3:6:80:7: 3: 5: 1, stirring uniformly at normal temperature;
2) digging planting furrows in the whole land, and building a garden in a loam land which has flat terrain, loose soil, convenient irrigation and drainage and deep and fertile soil layer; ditching in the north-south direction, digging planting furrows according to the row spacing of 1.5-2.5 m, wherein the width of each planting furrow is 0.5-0.8 m, the depth of each planting furrow is 0.6-0.8 m, sterilizing penetrating fluid is sprayed into each planting furrow, and then a matrix with the thickness of 5-20 cm is filled into each planting furrow, wherein the matrix comprises 20-31% of diatomite and 15-20% of volcanic soil in parts by weight; 10-15% of humus soil; 5-10% of river sand; 3-6% of wood chips; 5-10% of organic fermented fertilizer; 1-3% of plant soot; 2-3% of giant typhonium rhizome; 5-10% of beneficial bacterium liquid; 5-8% of protein powder liquid; 2-3% of glucose solution, namely uniformly mixing diatomite, volcanic soil, humus, river sand, wood dust, organic fermented fertilizer, plant soot and rhizoma typhonii, then pouring the beneficial bacterium solution, the protein powder solution and the glucose solution, and stirring to obtain a granular substrate;
3) cultivating, namely planting the grape cuttage dripped with the maintenance solution in the step 1) in a matrix in a customized ditch, and reserving a clear ploughing zone of 0.3-0.5 m on two sides of grape cuttage seedlings for cultivating and fertilizing;
4) building a shed and covering a film, paving a layer of pennisetum hydridum around the grape cuttage, and then paving a layer of degradable mulching film on the pennisetum hydridum; the rain sheltering facility frame adopts a steel frame greenhouse and a galvanized steel pipe multi-span greenhouse;
5) topdressing, namely spraying fertilizers to the roots or leaf surfaces of the grapes for 1-3 days per week to perform mixed application of urea, plant ash and compound fertilizers, spraying water for 1-3 times per week, and keeping the water content of the soil between 60-80%; applying 800-1000 kg of decomposed chicken manure and 20-30 kg of compound fertilizer to each mu of flowers after the fruit-strengthening fertilizer is applied for 10-15 days; spraying trace elements on the leaf surfaces during fruit expansion;
6) tip fixing, shaping and trimming, wherein when the young shoots on the surface of the rack are too dense, the dense branches are removed, and 7-9 young shoots are returned to the machine per square meter; only one inflorescence is reserved on each bearing branch, redundant auxiliary ears are timely removed 8-10 days before flowering, auxiliary tips below the inflorescence part are completely removed, 3-5 leaves are reserved at the above part for repeated pinching, and tendrils are cut off in time;
7) pest control is carried out, and the pest is intentionally controlled aiming at the planted grapes and intercropping crops so as to reduce the number of pests and improve the number of beneficial pests;
8) bagging, and bagging after fruit expansion period.
2. The seedling culture method of high-quality raschel white grapes according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the sterilization liquid in the step 1) is 3-5% of carrot juice by weight; 5-8% of rice washing water; 6-10% of wicker powder; 1-5% of bamboo leaf powder; 6-10% of ginger juice; and mixing the carrot juice, the rice washing water, the wicker powder, the bamboo leaf powder and the ginger juice, and uniformly mixing the mixture and the water according to a feeding ratio of 1: 5-10 to obtain the sterilizing liquid.
3. The seedling culture method of high-quality raschel white grapes according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the humus soil under the broad-leaved forest is fermented for more than half a year.
4. The seedling culture method of high-quality raschel white grapes according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the thickness of pennisetum hydridum in the step 4) is 2-3 cm.
5. The seedling culture method of high-quality raschel white grapes according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the beneficial bacterium liquid in the step 2) is one of growth bacterium liquid and lactic acid bacterium liquid.
6. The seedling culture method of high-quality raschel white grapes according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and 8) bagging time is preferably 9-11 am and 2-6 pm in fine days, and the clusters are sprayed with a bactericide and an insecticide before bagging.
7. The seedling culture method of high-quality raschel white grapes according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the specification of the bagging in the step 8) is a paper bag with the length of 34-36 cm and the width of 23-25 cm.
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| DE3216912A1 (en) * | 1982-05-06 | 1983-11-10 | Franz 7602 Oberkirch Wiegele | Vine-cutting device |
| CN103975821B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2016-01-13 | 吐鲁番枣尔康农业科技开发有限责任公司 | Grape second fruiting method |
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| CN107873282A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-04-06 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of grape cuttage and seedling culture method |
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