CN110495351A - A kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110495351A CN110495351A CN201910893304.8A CN201910893304A CN110495351A CN 110495351 A CN110495351 A CN 110495351A CN 201910893304 A CN201910893304 A CN 201910893304A CN 110495351 A CN110495351 A CN 110495351A
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- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 241000222519 Agaricus bisporus Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 244000251953 Agaricus brunnescens Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 13
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 244000250129 Trigonella foenum graecum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000001484 Trigonella foenum graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000001019 trigonella foenum-graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- JPFCOVZKLAXXOE-XBNSMERZSA-N (3r)-2-(3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-8-[(2r,3r,4r)-3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-4-yl]-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromene-3,5,7-triol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(OC)=C(O)C=C1C1[C@H](O)CC(C(O)=CC(O)=C2[C@H]3C4=C(O)C=C(O)C=C4O[C@@H]([C@@H]3O)C=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)=C2O1 JPFCOVZKLAXXOE-XBNSMERZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000222518 Agaricus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001991 Proanthocyanidin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-D-glucopyranose Natural products OCC1OC(O)C(O)C(O)C1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940125532 enzyme inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002532 enzyme inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005714 functional activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002646 lignocellulolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001724 microfibril Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 protide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of edible fungi cultivation, more particularly to a kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix and preparation method thereof comprising the component of following parts by weight: 15-25 parts of stalk, 15-25 parts of bagasse, 15-25 parts of Alfalfa with White Flower, 10-14 parts of banana skin, 30-40 parts of black liquid, 3-10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of auxiliary material；Cultivation matrix of the invention is full of nutrition, surface is magnetic porous carbon layer, can absorb the moisture in air, play water retention, and reduce pollution rate；The cellular construction and polypeptide moiety for containing the hemicellulose being degraded, cellulose, lignin in matrix, enable to mushroom quickly to absorb, promote mushroom increasing both production and income, and miscellaneous bacteria is few in matrix, reduce the otherness of microbiologic population, reduce living contaminants.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of edible fungi cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
In Agaricus fungi have rich in nutrients, as protein, amino acid, fat, unsaturated fatty acid, polysaccharide,
Vitamin and microelement etc..In addition, also containing functional activities substances such as carbohydrate, protide, carbohydrates.Therefore, should
Most of fungies have edible value and medical value in category, such as agaricus bisporus, Brazilian mushroom, reddish brown squama mushroom.
Agaricus bisporus is also known as white mushroom, mushroom, mushroom, and European and American countries operator is often referred to as common cultivation mushroom
Or button mushroom.Because of its delicious flavour, meat fertilizer is tender, full of nutrition, deep to be liked there is the title of " world mushroom " by masses.
Studies have shown that agaricus bisporus production is to carry out the process of Degradation and Transformation to lignocellulosic.Lignocellulosic is main
It is made of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.Cellulose is plant cell wall main component, is by D- glucopyranose with β-
Natural chain macromolecule polysaccharide substance made of 1,4 glucosides key connections.Hemicellulose is the second largest of lignocellulose biomass
Ingredient, cellulose is linked to be microfibril by hemicellulose, and it is connected with lignin, provides complexity for cell wall structure intensity
Network connection.The hemicellulose level of different plant fiber materials, composed structure are all different.Lignin is by several alcohol lists
A kind of complicated phenol polymer that body is formed, is a kind of macromolecule aromatic compound of rich content in nature.Lignin
Structure is complicated, stablizes, and does not dissolve in any solvent, is stabilized is difficult to be degraded in nature.Cellulose, hemicellulose and wood
Quality layer of structure is fine and close, other compound substances more difficult to degrade are simultaneously protected by it, and limits lignocellulosic to a certain extent
Degradation and utilization.
During cultivation of agaricus bisporus, a series of participations that microorganism and mushroom mycelium in cultivation matrix generate are wooden
The ectoenzyme of matter cellulose degradation can effectively degrade and utilize the lignocellulosic in compost.According to the composition of lignocellulosic
Lignocellulolytic enzymes can be divided into cellulose degradation enzyme system, hemicellulose degrading enzymes system and lignin-degrading enzymes by element
System；Lignocellulosic composition, structure and related degradation enzyme system lead to the difference of microbiologic population in cultivation matrix there are larger difference
The Preference and selectivity that anisotropic and mushroom utilizes, so that the morning and evening of fructification generation, how many and quality are influenced, it is final to influence
The yield and quality of mushroom.So the quality control to cultivation matrix is most important.
Existing cultivation matrix consider more matrix only from the aspect of property full of nutrition, as CN201910049929.6,
The cultivation of agaricus bisporus material heap material material of CN201610659999.X, the two are easy to get, are full of nutrition, containing there are many unknown growths
Promotive factor, but not operatively utilize the lignocellulosic in cultivation matrix.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, provide a kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix and preparation method thereof.
It is realized particular by following technical scheme:
A kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix comprising the component of following parts by weight: 15-25 parts of stalk, bagasse 15-25
Part, 15-25 parts of Alfalfa with White Flower, 10-14 parts of banana skin, 30-40 parts of black liquid, 3-10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5-8 parts of auxiliary material.
The auxiliary material is by gypsum and plant ash 1:(3-7 in mass ratio) it forms.
The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following parts by weight: 30-40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-11 parts of potassium sulfate, chlorination
3-9 parts of sodium, 13-19 parts of calcium superphosphate.
It is a further object to provide the preparation methods of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix:
S1 takes black liquid after pretreatment, and black liquor wadding aggressiveness is made；After taking banana skin extracted, banana skin is made and extracts
Object；
S2 wads a quilt with cotton black liquor aggressiveness, stalk, bagasse, Alfalfa with White Flower mixing 10-15min, and is aided in mixed process micro-
Wave radiation processing, then pressure maintaining handles 5-7min under the lower pressure of 30-50MPa, then boosts to the high pressure of 140-160MPa
Under the conditions of pressure maintaining handle 8-14min, add banana tegument extract mix after, carry out degradation treatment, obtain degradation product；
7-13min is mixed in degradation product, inorganic fertilizer, auxiliary material by S3, is aided with magnetization treatment in stirring.
The black liquid is the black liquor obtained by raw material of various agricultural crop straws by neutral ammonium sulfite process.It makes
Solid content in paper black liquor, organic matter account for about 65%-70%, mainly lignin and hemicellulose, pectin, polysaccharide and its difference
The degradation material of degree.
The preprocess method of the black liquid are as follows: glacial acetic acid is first added in black liquid and is quickly uniformly mixed,
Glacial acetic acid additional amount is the 0.1 ‰ -0.5 ‰ of black liquid weight ratio；Into above-mentioned mixed liquor, manganese dioxide is stirred and evenly mixed again, often
It rises and 0.1-0.3 μ g is added in black liquid；70 DEG C -90 DEG C are warming up in whipping process, after reacting 30-40min, to every liter of papermaking
Tea polyphenols 5-13mg is added in black liquor, is warming up to 100-120 DEG C, reacts 20-30min, obtains reaction solution；Reaction solution mixed liquor is existed
It is centrifuged 10-20min under 5000-8000r/min high-speed stirred, is filtered by vacuum after standing, black liquor wadding aggressiveness is obtained.
The extracting method of the banana skin are as follows: take banana skin directly grind and during the grinding process isothermal holding to cross 100
The powder of mesh, powder is placed in extraction kettle, and the aqueous soup solution that mass fraction is 10-15%, mass fraction 30- is added
50% ethanol solution, yeast selenium extract 50-60min under the conditions of being 65-85 DEG C in temperature, are centrifugated 5-8min after cooling,
Take supernatant be concentrated under the conditions of temperature is 45-50 DEG C, vacuum degree is 0.1-0.3MPa original volume 1/4 to get；Wherein, fertile
The additional amount of soap aqueous solution is the 40-60% of banana skin quality, and the additional amount of ethanol solution is 1-1.3 times of banana skin quality,
The additional amount of yeast selenium is the 10-15ppm of banana skin quality.
The temperature of the isothermal holding is 50-60 DEG C.
The frequency 1200-1500MHz of the microwave radiation.
The degradation treatment is 20-30min to be handled in the water vapor atmosphere for be placed in processed material 130-170 DEG C, then be transferred to
Pressure maintaining handles 5-9min under the condition of high voltage of 100-120MPa.
The operating condition of the magnetization treatment: magnetizing field strength 600-800A/m, power 3-7kW.
The utility model has the advantages that
Cultivation matrix of the invention is full of nutrition, surface is magnetic porous carbon layer, can absorb the moisture in air, play
Water retention, and reduce pollution rate；In matrix containing be degraded hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin cellular construction and
Polypeptide moiety enables to mushroom quickly to absorb, and promotes mushroom increasing both production and income, and miscellaneous bacteria is few in matrix, reduces micropopulation
The otherness fallen, reduces living contaminants.
1, the oxidation resistance of agaricus bisporus can be improved in banana skin of the present invention, persistently keeps the temperature during the grinding process, not only may be used
So that banana skin crushes uniformly, granularity is small, and it is few to reduce proanthocyanidin loss；Yeast is added in banana skin extraction process
Selenium enables to perfume (or spice) so that yeast selenium is wrapped in the colloid substances of banana skin extraction, while utilizing suds and ethanol solution
Polyphenol component dissolves out in any of several broadleaf plants skin, so that the interaction of yeast selenium and polyphenol component, and active reduction is prevented, and then facilitate
Promote the growth of agaricus bisporus and the promotion of disease resistance.
2, the present invention realizes the fast dewatering in mixed process using microwave radiation, while making surface of material group phase
Interaction improves the compatibility of material；In conjunction with the processing of low pressure, high pressure, sterilization, enzyme inhibitor effect is not only acted as, has also been made
The structure of lignocellulosic becomes loose, adds after banana tegument extract mixes and degrades, not only effectively degrades wooden fibre
Dimension element, prevents steam treatment in the process noxious material to be volatilized；It is acted on using vapor so that being divided in banana skin
The carbonaceousfuel components such as the cellulose of solution are further heated, and form porous carbon membranes, and notice vapor is heat-treated so that loose is wooden
Cellulose, protein structure softening, and then be conducive to its rupture.Using the biodegrading process of physics, the work of inoculating microbe is prevented
With, and then the disequilibrium of microbiologic population is prevented, and solve the problems, such as that zymotechnique is rambunctious.
3, the present invention pre-processes black liquid, not only obtains the lignocellulosic elements in black liquid, real
Show the recycling of resource, be also catalyzed and converted wherein nutritional ingredient, converts food for the chemical reagent in alkali paper-making
With the absorbable nutritive salt of bacterium, the fast-growth of agaricus bisporus can be promoted.Tea polyphenols are added in pretreatment to be conducive to convert
The stability of process, prevents substance to be oxidized.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below, but the invention is not limited to these realities
Mode is applied, it is claimed to still fall within the claims in the present invention for any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit
Range.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix comprising the component of following parts by weight: 25 parts of stalk, 25 parts of bagasse, white
25 parts of russian fenugreek herb, 14 parts of banana skin, 40 parts of black liquid, 10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 8 parts of auxiliary material；
The auxiliary material is made of gypsum and plant ash 1:7 in mass ratio；
The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following parts by weight: 40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 11 parts of potassium sulfate, 9 parts of sodium chloride,
19 parts of calcium superphosphate.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix comprising the component of following parts by weight: 15 parts of stalk, 15 parts of bagasse, white
15 parts of russian fenugreek herb, 10 parts of banana skin, 30 parts of black liquid, 3 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5 parts of auxiliary material；
The auxiliary material is made of gypsum and plant ash 1:3 in mass ratio；
The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following parts by weight: 30 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of sodium chloride,
13 parts of calcium superphosphate.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix comprising the component of following parts by weight: 20 parts of stalk, 20 parts of bagasse, white
20 parts of russian fenugreek herb, 12 parts of banana skin, 35 parts of black liquid, 5 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 7 parts of auxiliary material；
The auxiliary material is made of gypsum and plant ash 1:5 in mass ratio；
The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following parts by weight: 35 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 8 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of sodium chloride,
16 parts of calcium superphosphate.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix comprising the component of following parts by weight: 15 parts of stalk, 15 parts of bagasse, white
25 parts of russian fenugreek herb, 10 parts of banana skin, 40 parts of black liquid, 8 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 6 parts of auxiliary material；
The auxiliary material is made of gypsum and plant ash 1:4 in mass ratio；
The inorganic fertilizer is composed of the following parts by weight: 32 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 10 parts of potassium sulfate, 5 parts of sodium chloride,
17 parts of calcium superphosphate.
Embodiment 5-8
Provide the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix on the basis of examples 1 to 4 respectively:
S1 takes black liquid after pretreatment, and black liquor wadding aggressiveness is made；After taking banana skin extracted, banana skin is made and extracts
Object；
Black liquor wadding aggressiveness, stalk, bagasse, Alfalfa with White Flower mixing 15min are aided with microwave spoke by S2 in mixed process
Processing is penetrated, then pressure maintaining handles 7min under the lower pressure of 50MPa, then boosts to pressure maintaining under the condition of high voltage of 160MPa and handle
14min carries out degradation treatment, obtains degradation product after adding banana tegument extract mixing；
13min is mixed in degradation product, inorganic fertilizer, auxiliary material by S3, is aided with magnetization treatment in stirring；
The black liquid is the black liquor obtained by raw material of various agricultural crop straws by neutral ammonium sulfite process.It makes
Solid content in paper black liquor, organic matter account for about 70%, mainly lignin and hemicellulose, pectin, polysaccharide and its in various degree
Degradation material；
The preprocess method of the black liquid are as follows: glacial acetic acid is first added in black liquid and is quickly uniformly mixed,
Glacial acetic acid additional amount is the 0.5 ‰ of black liquid weight ratio；Into above-mentioned mixed liquor, manganese dioxide is stirred and evenly mixed again, every liter of papermaking
0.3 μ g is added in black liquor；It is warming up to 90 DEG C in whipping process, after reacting 40min, tea polyphenols are added into every liter of black liquid
13mg is warming up to 120 DEG C, reacts 30min, obtains reaction solution；Reaction solution mixed liquor is centrifuged under 8000r/min high-speed stirred
20min is filtered by vacuum after standing, and black liquor wadding aggressiveness is obtained；
The extracting method of the banana skin are as follows: take banana skin directly grind and during the grinding process isothermal holding to cross 100
The powder of mesh, powder is placed in extraction kettle, and it is 50% that aqueous soup solution, mass fraction that mass fraction is 15%, which is added,
Ethanol solution, yeast selenium extract 60min under the conditions of being 85 DEG C in temperature, are centrifugated 8min after cooling, take supernatant in temperature
Be concentrated under the conditions of being 00.3MPa for 50 DEG C, vacuum degree original volume 1/4 to get；Wherein, the additional amount of aqueous soup solution is perfume
The 60% of any of several broadleaf plants cortex amount, the additional amount of ethanol solution are 1.3 times of banana skin quality, and the additional amount of yeast selenium is banana skin quality
15ppm；
The temperature of the isothermal holding is 60 DEG C；
The frequency 1500MHz of the microwave radiation；
The degradation treatment is 30min to be handled in the water vapor atmosphere for be placed in processed material 170 DEG C, then be transferred to 120MPa's
Pressure maintaining handles 9min under condition of high voltage；
The operating condition of the magnetization treatment: magnetizing field strength 800A/m, power 7kW.
Embodiment 9-12
Provide the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix on the basis of examples 1 to 4 respectively:
S1 takes black liquid after pretreatment, and black liquor wadding aggressiveness is made；After taking banana skin extracted, banana skin is made and extracts
Object；
Black liquor wadding aggressiveness, stalk, bagasse, Alfalfa with White Flower mixing 10min are aided with microwave spoke by S2 in mixed process
Processing is penetrated, then pressure maintaining handles 5min under the lower pressure of 30MPa, then boosts to pressure maintaining under the condition of high voltage of 140MPa and handle
8min carries out degradation treatment, obtains degradation product after adding banana tegument extract mixing；
7min is mixed in degradation product, inorganic fertilizer, auxiliary material by S3, is aided with magnetization treatment in stirring；
The black liquid is the black liquor obtained by raw material of various agricultural crop straws by neutral ammonium sulfite process.It makes
Solid content in paper black liquor, organic matter account for about 65%, mainly lignin and hemicellulose, pectin, polysaccharide and its in various degree
Degradation material；
The preprocess method of the black liquid are as follows: glacial acetic acid is first added in black liquid and is quickly uniformly mixed,
Glacial acetic acid additional amount is the 0.1 ‰ of black liquid weight ratio；Into above-mentioned mixed liquor, manganese dioxide is stirred and evenly mixed again, every liter of papermaking
0.1 μ g is added in black liquor；It is warming up to 70 DEG C in whipping process, after reacting 30min, tea polyphenols 5- is added into every liter of black liquid
13mg is warming up to 100 DEG C, reacts 20min, obtains reaction solution；Reaction solution mixed liquor is centrifuged under 5000r/min high-speed stirred
10min is filtered by vacuum after standing, and black liquor wadding aggressiveness is obtained；
The extracting method of the banana skin are as follows: take banana skin directly grind and during the grinding process isothermal holding to cross 100
The powder of mesh, powder is placed in extraction kettle, and it is 30% that aqueous soup solution, mass fraction that mass fraction is 10%, which is added,
Ethanol solution, yeast selenium extract 50min under the conditions of being 65 DEG C in temperature, are centrifugated 5min after cooling, take supernatant in temperature
Be concentrated under the conditions of being 0.1MPa for 45 DEG C, vacuum degree original volume 1/4 to get；Wherein, the additional amount of aqueous soup solution is banana
The 40% of cortex amount, the additional amount of ethanol solution are 1 times of banana skin quality, and the additional amount of yeast selenium is banana skin quality
10ppm；
The temperature of the isothermal holding is 50 DEG C；
The frequency 1200MHz of the microwave radiation；
The degradation treatment is 20min to be handled in the water vapor atmosphere for be placed in processed material 130 DEG C, then be transferred to 100MPa's
Pressure maintaining handles 5min under condition of high voltage；
The operating condition of the magnetization treatment: magnetizing field strength 600A/m, power 3kW.
Embodiment 13-16
Provide the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix on the basis of examples 1 to 4 respectively:
S1 takes black liquid after pretreatment, and black liquor wadding aggressiveness is made；After taking banana skin extracted, banana skin is made and extracts
Object；
Black liquor wadding aggressiveness, stalk, bagasse, Alfalfa with White Flower mixing 12min are aided with microwave spoke by S2 in mixed process
Processing is penetrated, then pressure maintaining handles 6min under the lower pressure of 30-50MPa, then boosts to pressure maintaining under the condition of high voltage of 150MPa
11min is handled, after adding banana tegument extract mixing, degradation treatment is carried out, obtains degradation product；
10min is mixed in degradation product, inorganic fertilizer, auxiliary material by S3, is aided with magnetization treatment in stirring；
The black liquid is the black liquor obtained by raw material of various agricultural crop straws by neutral ammonium sulfite process；It makes
Solid content in paper black liquor, organic matter account for about 68%, mainly lignin and hemicellulose, pectin, polysaccharide and its in various degree
Degradation material；
The preprocess method of the black liquid are as follows: glacial acetic acid is first added in black liquid and is quickly uniformly mixed,
Glacial acetic acid additional amount is the 0.3 ‰ of black liquid weight ratio；Into above-mentioned mixed liquor, manganese dioxide is stirred and evenly mixed again, every liter of papermaking
0.2 μ g is added in black liquor；It is warming up to 80 DEG C in whipping process, after reacting 35min, tea polyphenols are added into every liter of black liquid
9mg is warming up to 110 DEG C, reacts 25min, obtains reaction solution；Reaction solution mixed liquor is centrifuged under 6000r/min high-speed stirred
15min is filtered by vacuum after standing, and black liquor wadding aggressiveness is obtained；
The extracting method of the banana skin are as follows: take banana skin directly grind and during the grinding process isothermal holding to cross 100
The powder of mesh, powder is placed in extraction kettle, and it is 40% that aqueous soup solution, mass fraction that mass fraction is 13%, which is added,
Ethanol solution, yeast selenium extract 55min under the conditions of being 75 DEG C in temperature, are centrifugated 7min after cooling, take supernatant in temperature
Be concentrated under the conditions of being 0.2MPa for 48 DEG C, vacuum degree original volume 1/4 to get；Wherein, the additional amount of aqueous soup solution is banana
The 60% of cortex amount, the additional amount of ethanol solution are 1.1 times of banana skin quality, and the additional amount of yeast selenium is banana skin quality
13ppm；
The temperature of the isothermal holding is 56 DEG C；
The frequency 1400MHz of the microwave radiation；
The degradation treatment is 25min to be handled in the water vapor atmosphere for be placed in processed material 150 DEG C, then be transferred to 110MPa's
Pressure maintaining handles 7min under condition of high voltage；
The operating condition of the magnetization treatment: magnetizing field strength 700A/m, power 5kW.
Test example 1
The application is cultivated using the cultivation matrix of following test group, and compares the feelings of each group yield and biological transformation ratio
Condition, the specific method is as follows:
Cultivation matrix selection is as follows:
Test group 1: embodiment 15；
Test group 2: the difference with embodiment 15 is: black liquid is not preprocessed；
Test group 3: the difference with embodiment 15 is: banana skin is un-extracted；
Test group 4: the difference with embodiment 15 is: without magnetization；
Test group 5: the difference with embodiment 15 is: without microwave radiation；
Test group 6: it is with the difference of embodiment 15: black liquor wadding aggressiveness, stalk, bagasse, Alfalfa with White Flower is mixed
12min, and it is aided with microwave radiation processing in mixed process, after adding banana tegument extract mixing, in the low of 30-50MPa
Pressure maintaining handles 6min under the conditions of pressure, then boosts to pressure maintaining under the condition of high voltage of 150MPa and handle 11min, then carry out degradation treatment,
Obtain degradation product；
Test group 7: the difference with embodiment 15 is: not using banana skin；
Cultural method: 1) feeding and sowing: every square metre of feeding 110kg, bacterial classification usage amount be compost weight 0.7%~
0.8%.It is flattened in feeding, while covering thin film moisturizing, carry out bacterium germination and management of producing mushroom later；2) bacterium germination and management of producing mushroom:
During bacterium germination, the temperature of compost is kept a close eye on, control compost temperature is at 24~26 DEG C, relative air humidity 95%, dioxy
Change concentration of carbon and is not less than 3000mg/kg；Mycelia is long to overburden layer 2/3 or so, and mushroom house starts to cool down, and within 5~6d time, makes mushroom
The temperature in room drops to 17 DEG C from 22 DEG C, and gas concentration lwevel drops to 1000mg/kg, cooling extent and draft power from 5000mg/kg
Degree is gentle, promotes mycelia kink at fructification；When the upper mushroom flower bud thumb size of mushroom bed, water spray promotes fructification to expand.Mushroom
Temperature control in room is at 17 DEG C, gas concentration lwevel 1000mg/kg or so, relative air humidity 90% or so.
Test result: each group yield per unit area is counted after maturation harvesting, the results are shown in Table 1:
Table 1
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix, which is characterized in that it includes the component of following parts by weight: 15-25 parts of stalk, sweet
15-25 parts of bagasse, 15-25 parts of Alfalfa with White Flower, 10-14 parts of banana skin, 30-40 parts of black liquid, 3-10 parts of inorganic fertilizer, auxiliary material 5-
8 parts.
2. cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the auxiliary material presses quality by gypsum and plant ash
Than 1:(3-7) composition.
3. cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the inorganic fertilizer by following parts by weight group
It is grouped as: 30-40 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 5-11 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-9 parts of sodium chloride, 13-19 parts of calcium superphosphate.
4. the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as described in claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
S1 takes black liquid after pretreatment, and black liquor wadding aggressiveness is made；After taking banana skin extracted, banana tegument extract is made；
Black liquor wadding aggressiveness, stalk, bagasse, Alfalfa with White Flower mixing 10-15min are aided with microwave spoke by S2 in mixed process
Processing is penetrated, then pressure maintaining handles 5-7min under the lower pressure of 30-50MPa, then boosts to the condition of high voltage of 140-160MPa
Lower pressure maintaining handles 8-14min, after adding banana tegument extract mixing, carries out degradation treatment, obtains degradation product；
7-13min is mixed in degradation product, inorganic fertilizer, auxiliary material by S3, is aided with magnetization treatment in stirring.
5. the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the pre- place of the black liquid
Reason method are as follows: glacial acetic acid is first added in black liquid and is quickly uniformly mixed, glacial acetic acid additional amount is black liquid weight
The 0.1 ‰ -0.5 ‰ of ratio；Into above-mentioned mixed liquor, manganese dioxide is stirred and evenly mixed again, and 0.1-0.3 μ g is added in every liter of black liquid；
It is warming up to 70 DEG C -90 DEG C in whipping process, after reacting 30-40min, tea polyphenols 5-13mg is added into every liter of black liquid, rises
Temperature reacts 20-30min, obtains reaction solution to 100-120 DEG C；By reaction solution mixed liquor under 5000-8000r/min high-speed stirred
It is centrifuged 10-20min, is filtered by vacuum after standing, black liquor wadding aggressiveness is obtained.
6. the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the extraction side of the banana skin
Method are as follows: take banana skin directly to grind and powder is placed in extraction kettle to the powder sieved with 100 mesh sieve by isothermal holding during the grinding process
In, be added mass fraction be 10-15% aqueous soup solution, mass fraction be 30-50% ethanol solution, yeast selenium, Yu Wen
Degree is centrifugated 5-8min after cooling to extract 50-60min under the conditions of 65-85 DEG C, take supernatant temperature be 45-50 DEG C, it is true
Reciprocal of duty cycle be 0.1-0.3MPa under the conditions of be concentrated into original volume 1/4 to get；Wherein, the additional amount of aqueous soup solution is banana cortex
The 40-60% of amount, the additional amount of ethanol solution are 1-1.3 times of banana skin quality, and the additional amount of yeast selenium is banana skin quality
10-15ppm.
7. the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the temperature of the isothermal holding
It is 50-60 DEG C.
8. the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the frequency of the microwave radiation
1200-1500MHz。
9. the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the degradation treatment is will to locate
Reason object, which is placed in 130-170 DEG C of water vapor atmosphere, handles 20-30min, then is transferred to pressure maintaining under the condition of high voltage of 100-120MPa
Handle 5-9min.
10. the preparation method of cultivation of agaricus bisporus matrix as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the work of the magnetization treatment
Make condition: magnetizing field strength 600-800A/m, power 3-7kW.
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