CN107198019A - The method that the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw - Google Patents
The method that the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
- A23K50/15—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants containing substances which are metabolically converted to proteins, e.g. ammonium salts or urea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method that the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw; primary raw material is used as using agricultural crop straw; handled by the gas explosion of HTHP; obtain high-energy stalk fodder grass semi-finished product; it is incorporated as 10~20% corn, 5~15% dregs of beans and 2~7% auxiliary material of the agricultural crop straw weight; after stirring, by being got product after extruder grain or briquetting.The present invention destroys the cell membrane stalk of agricultural crop straw by the method for HTHP gas explosion, and making the neutral detergent fiber of agricultural crop straw can significantly reduce, and the cellulose being rich in agricultural crop straw, hemicellulose is used more effectively；Low with cost compared with the full-time grain of traditional plant-eating animal, efficiency is high, and with the trophic structure for being more suitable for the ruminants such as cattle and sheep, feed-use grain can be greatly decreased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method that a kind of animal husbandry makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal of stalk, particularly one kind can drop
The neutral detergent fiber of low stalk, the preparation method for improving the stover high energy forage grass and feed of bovine rumen degradation rate.
Background technology
Currently, the high quality grass feed wretched insufficiency needed for China milk cow, beef cattle, mutton sheep cultivation, Feeds of vegetarian business
Product degree is very low, and the annual forage grass and feed breach in the whole nation is up to more than 1.4 hundred million tons.Simultaneously as northern China pastoral area grassland cattle and sheep mistake
Herd, sand pasture desertification day is by serious, and the shortage of herbage seriously constrains the development of herbivorous stock raising.China is large agricultural country,
Agricultural straw resource very abundant, its total amount the first in the world accounts for the 20%~30% of world's stalk total output, produces farming per year
About 900,000,000 tons of thing stalk, about the 50 of the northern China grassland amount of beating the grass times.At present, straw utilization rate is very low, crop straw burning destruction
The pressure of ecological environment is very big.Crude fiber content in stalk is high, and crude protein, crude fat, contents of saccharide are low, and the Direct-fed phase disappears
Rate is low and nutriture value value difference.Certain processing is typically carried out before feeding animals, general processing mode is broadly divided into thing
Logos, chemical method and bioanalysis, current all kinds of processing methods all can not be such that the overall efficiency of stalk feedingization is significantly carried
Rise.Meanwhile, the making processing of the current full-time grain of all kinds of plant-eating animals expends substantial amounts of grain, and yield is extremely low；It is all kinds of herbvore dynamic
Thing forage grass and feed commercialization is extremely low, greatly hinders the development of all kinds of Livestock cultivation.
Crops straw stalk feed is as the full-time grain of animal, the problem of having not easy to maintain, is existed inside feed and promotes worm
The condition that evil occurs, and advantage is provided for pest infestation, insect live in for a long time inside feed it is different degrees of to feed by
To influence, main harm has：1) the smelly liquid pollution feed and raw material of frass, worm corpse and the secretion of some insects, cause feed quality
Reduction；2) insect spinning, metabolic water can make feed lump, and cause feed mold, shorten the shelf-life of feed；3) some insects
Toxin can be produced, animal health is influenceed；4) after the killed food of damaging by worms of feed, the reduction of quantity is caused；5) it act as pathogenic microorganism
Communication media.
Governments at all levels pay much attention to development of agricultural circulation economy.No.1 Central File is proposed within 2016, is started and is implemented breeding
With reference to circular agriculture demonstration project, breeding combination, agriculture and animal husbandry cycle development are promoted.
Therefore it provides can to stalk carry out it is easy and effective improvement, increase digestibility, improve stalk bovine rumen degradation rate,
The neutral detergent fiber of stalk is reduced, the straw forage feed for adapting to modern peasants needs, the efficient section of commercialization is obtained
The full-time grain of grain plant-eating animal has become those skilled in the art assistant officer's technical problem to be solved.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above, and provide the advantage that at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, sheet
Invention destroys the cell membrane stalk of agricultural crop straw by the method for HTHP gas explosion, makes the neutral detergent of agricultural crop straw fine
Dimension can be significantly reduced, and the cellulose being rich in agricultural crop straw, hemicellulose is used more effectively；With it is traditional herbvore
The full-time grain of animal is compared, low with cost, and efficiency is high, can be significantly with the trophic structure for being more suitable for the ruminants such as cattle and sheep
Feed-use grain is reduced, so as to realize that the real of agricultural crop straw crosses abdomen returning to the field, the ecological circulation turned waste into wealth, to agricultural crop straw
Comprehensive utilization, promote Feeds of vegetarian commercialization or even promote animal husbandry development, save food, environmental protection have it is deep
Remote meaning.
Grass is made using agricultural crop straw there is provided one kind according to object of the present invention and further advantage in order to realize
The method for eating the full-time grain of animal, it uses agricultural crop straw as primary raw material, is handled by the gas explosion of HTHP, obtain high
Energy straw forage material semi-finished product, are incorporated as 10~20% corn, 5~15% dregs of beans and 2 of the agricultural crop straw weight
~7% auxiliary material, after stirring, by being got product after extruder grain or briquetting；
The auxiliary material includes the raw material of following parts by weight：0.1~0.3 part of durian seed powder, 0.5~1 part of durian peel
Powder, 5~12 parts of bitter melon seed powder, 1~5 part of cucumber seed powder, 6~13 parts of shaddock peel powder, 0.8~1.2 part of feather meal, 4
~9 parts of molasses fermented liquid, the tunning of 3~7 parts of ocean unicellular lower eukaryote, 0.3~0.9 part of dendrobium candidum byproduct,
0.4~1.1 part of ganoderma lucidum byproduct and 0.01~0.03 part of urea.
Preferably, the method that described utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the agricultural crop straw
It is to be mixed to prepare by the one or more in maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk etc..
Preferably, the method that described utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the gas explosion processing tool
Body is：Agricultural crop straw segment is crushed to particle diameter for 2mm~5cm, is put into sealed pressure-resistant reactor, saturation steaming is passed through
Gas, is forced into 8~12kg/cm2, 5~10min is kept at a temperature of 130~160 DEG C, 12~24kg/ is then forced into rapidly
cm2, temperature is risen to 150~220 DEG C, keeps rapid blowdown valve of opening after 2~10min to spray material by jet pipe, cools down
After produce the semi-finished product.
Preferably, the method that described utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the dendrobium candidum pair
Product is the residue after dendrobium candidum effective component extracting；The ganoderma lucidum byproduct is the residue after ganoderma lucidum effective component extracting.
Preferably, the method that described utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the agricultural crop straw
Pretreatment is have passed through before being put into pressure-resistant reactor, following steps are specifically included：
Step A, the agricultural crop straw for crushing cut-out are placed under sunshine and dried 2~3 days, every other day stir once,
0.1~0.5% disinfectant of agricultural crop straw weight is sprayed before stirring every time to agricultural crop straw surface, preliminary treatment straw are obtained
Stalk；The preliminary treatment stalk is put into insect repellant solution and soaked, is taken out after 10~20min, with hot blast drying, repeatedly immersion drying
1~3 time, obtain second processing stalk；
Step B, the second processing stalk obtained in step A is divided into three equal parts, by the second processing of three equal parts
Stalk is laid on plate body successively from top to bottom, between the second processing stalk of lower floor and the second processing stalk in middle level, in
Level is put respectively for the second processing stalk upper surface between the second processing stalk of layer and the second processing stalk on upper strata and upper strata
Put a cavernous body, obtain nonwoven fabric from filaments, by layered thing in temperature be 20~25 DEG C, relative humidity be 50~60% in the environment of it is quiet
Put；The sponge is to be placed in Chinese medicine liquid to soak 40~60min and be made by dry sponge；
Step C, the cavernous body for pressing every 15min the superiors, to apply downward pressure to layered thing, are applied for three times
Continue to stand 30~50min after pressure, then by upper strata second processing stalk, middle level second processing stalk and lower floor's second processing straw
Stalk takes out mixing, produces.
Preferably, the method that described utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the disinfectant be by
Weight ratio is 2:1:3:10 CORTEX ZINGIBERIS RHIZOMAE, shallot root, garlic root and water big fire is boiled and formed.
Preferably, the method that described utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the system of the insect repellant solution
Preparation Method is：Weigh by weight white flesh in 10~20 parts of durian peel, 30~40 parts of cordate houttuynia, 8~15 parts
Folium eucalypti and 2~6 parts of anistree leaf, are mixed and crush, obtain mixed material, and 40~50 parts of rice washing is added into the mixed material
Filtered while hot after water, 2~6h of moderate heat infusion, obtain filtrate and filter residue, the formic acid of 1~3 part of addition, 0.4~0.9 into the filtrate
The diethyl phthalate and 0.03~0.07 part of citronellal of part stir, and produce the insect repellant solution.
Preferably, the method that described utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the system of the Chinese medicine liquid
Preparation Method is：It is 1 by weight ratio:2:0.3:4:1.7:2.5:3.6:1.2:1.8 sweet wormwood, honeysuckle, sudangrass, lucerne grass of last year,
Pine needle meal, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Poria cocos, bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae and notopterygium root decoct the Chinese medicine slag extracted after pharmaceutical component, with the filter residue according to weight ratio
For 1:0.3 ratio mixing, plus the 20~30min of water infusion of 4 times of weight of the filter residue are collected by filtration filtrate and obtain the second filter while hot
Liquid, as described Chinese medicine liquid.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect：
1st, the present invention can be available for the edible high-quality high energy forage grass of Livestock to raise using the stalk resource production of China's abundant
Material, realizes that the fodder of stalk resource is utilized, Feeds of vegetarian commercialized degree is improved energetically, promotes the herbvore poultry men such as cattle and sheep
The development of the Animal Product Processing Industries such as aquaculture, beef and mutton processing is raiseeed, the present invention not only can effectively solve the problems, such as crop straw burning,
It can also turn waste into wealth, promote the development of cattle and sheep industry, and then drive peasant employment, promote increasing peasant income, be conducive to implementing at different levels
The industrial policy of government, promotes Agricultural recycling economy to accelerate development；
2nd, the present invention destroys the cell wall structure of agricultural crop straw by gas explosion method, makes the neutral detergent of agricultural crop straw
Fiber can be significantly reduced, and the nutrient needed for the livestock such as fibroid, hemicellulose for being rich in agricultural crop straw is more had
The utilization of effect, improves the content of thick protein in agricultural crop straw, so as to reach the digestibility for improving agricultural crop straw；In farming
Corn, dregs of beans and auxiliary material are added in thing stalk, makes the nutrition that full-time grain is made more abundant, balanced, is more suitable for cattle and sheep etc. and ruminates
The nutrition arrangement of animal, by durian seed powder, durian peel powder, bitter melon seed powder, cucumber seed powder, shaddock peel powder, feather meal, molasses fermented
Liquid, the tunning of ocean unicellular lower eukaryote, dendrobium candidum byproduct, ganoderma lucidum byproduct and urea, the auxiliary material of composition, rich in herbvore
Amino acid, carbohydrate, protein and various trace elements needed for animal, while increasing the fragrance of full-time grain, improve full-time grain
Palatability, and the recycling of various vegetables pericarp the like waste is realized, turn waste into wealth；
3rd, agricultural crop straw is pre-processed, is initially positioned under sunshine and dries suppression bacterial reproduction, kill part thin
Bacterium, disinfectant is made with ginger, shallot and the byproduct of garlic, is had the advantages that environmental protection, can effectively be sterilized, and can improve
The smell of agricultural crop straw；Agricultural crop straw is passed through into insect repellant solution dipping pretreatment, make the obtained full-time grain of animal have insect prevention,
Effect of expelling parasite, it is to avoid pest infestation and the problem of cause to substantially reduce full-time grain quality, and the guarantor of full-time grain can be extended
Cordate houttuynia, anistree leaf in matter phase, insect repellant solution and the organic substance with fragranced can improve the mouthfeel of full-time grain, so as to increase
The appetite of strong animal；The cavernous body that the Chinese medicine liquid of better nutritivity value will be soaked with is put with second processing stalk layer stackup, and is spaced
Certain time presses, and enables to the active ingredient in Chinese medicine liquid slowly to penetrate into stalk, improves the utilization rate of Chinese medicine liquid, it is ensured that
The Chinese medicine liquid of stalk absorbed inside reaches saturation, so as to lift the nutritive value of full-time grain；
4th, raw material sources of the present invention are wide, and auxiliary material and various processing is made in the discarded object for reclaiming vegetables, pericarp, Chinese medicine slag etc.
Liquid, realizes resource reutilization, reduces the cost of the present invention, and preparation method of the present invention is simple and convenient to operate, the nutritional ingredient of feed
Comprehensive and abundant, quality control is convenient, and the shelf-life is longer, it is easy to deposit, can large-scale industrial production.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or many
The presence or addition of individual other elements or its combination.
It should be noted that experimental method described in following embodiments, is conventional method unless otherwise specified, institute
Reagent and material are stated, unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained.
<Embodiment 1>
A kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, it comprises the following steps：
Step 1: maize straw and wheat stalk segment are crushed into particle diameter for 2mm, it is subsequently placed under sunshine and dries 2
My god, every other day stir once, spray 0.1% sterilization of agricultural crop straw weight before stirring every time to agricultural crop straw surface
Water, obtains preliminary treatment stalk；The preliminary treatment stalk is put into insect repellant solution and soaked, is taken out after 10min, with hot blast drying,
Immersion drying 1 time, obtains second processing stalk repeatedly；Second processing stalk is divided into three equal parts, at described the second of three equal parts
Reason stalk is laid on plate body successively from top to bottom, between the second processing stalk of lower floor and the second processing stalk in middle level,
The second processing stalk upper surface difference level between the second processing stalk in middle level and the second processing stalk on upper strata and upper strata
Place a cavernous body, obtain nonwoven fabric from filaments, by layered thing in temperature be 20 DEG C, relative humidity be 50% in the environment of stand；Institute
It is to be placed in Chinese medicine liquid to soak 40min and be made by dry sponge to state sponge；
Disinfectant be by weight ratio be 2:1:3:10 CORTEX ZINGIBERIS RHIZOMAE, shallot root, garlic root and water big fire is boiled and formed；
The preparation method of the insect repellant solution is：White flesh in 10 parts of durian peel, 30 parts of fish are weighed by weight
Raw meat grass, 8 parts of folium eucalypti and 2 parts of anistree leaf, are mixed and crush, obtain mixed material, and 40 parts are added into the mixed material
Filtered while hot after rice washing water, moderate heat infusion 2h, obtain filtrate and filter residue, the formic acid of 1 part of addition, 0.4 part of neighbour into the filtrate
Diethyl phthalate and 0.03 part of citronellal stir, and produce the insect repellant solution；
The preparation method of the Chinese medicine liquid is：It is 1 by weight ratio:2:0.3:4:1.7:2.5:3.6:1.2:1.8 sweet wormwood,
Honeysuckle, sudangrass, lucerne grass of last year, pine needle meal, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Poria cocos, bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae and notopterygium root decoct the Chinese medicine slag extracted after pharmaceutical component,
With the filter residue using weight ratio as 1:0.3 ratio mixing, adds the water infusion 20min of described 4 times of weight of Chinese medicine slag, while hot mistake
Filter, collects filtrate and obtains the second filtrate, as described Chinese medicine liquid；
Step 2: the cavernous body of the superiors is pressed straight down every 15min, to apply downward pressure to layered thing
Continue to stand 30min after power, three pressures, then by upper strata second processing stalk, middle level second processing stalk and lower floor second
Handle stalk and take out mixing, obtain pretreated agricultural crop straw；
Step 3: the pretreated agricultural crop straw that step 2 is obtained is put into sealed pressure-resistant reactor, it is passed through
Saturated vapor, is forced into 8kg/cm2, 5min is kept at a temperature of 130 DEG C, 12kg/cm is then forced into rapidly2, temperature is risen to
150 DEG C, keep rapid blowdown valve of opening after 2min to spray material by jet pipe, after cooling high-energy stalk fodder grass half into
Product；
Step 4: being incorporated as 10% jade of agricultural crop straw weight in the straw forage material semi-finished product obtained to step 3
Rice, 5% dregs of beans and 2% auxiliary material, after stirring, by producing the full-time grain of herbivore after extruder grain；
The auxiliary material includes the raw material of following parts by weight：0.1 part of durian seed powder, 0.5 part of durian peel powder, 5 parts
Bitter melon seed powder, 1 part of cucumber seed powder, 6 parts of shaddock peel powder, 0.8 part of feather meal, 4 parts of molasses fermented liquid,
The tunning of 3 parts of ocean unicellular lower eukaryote, 0.3 part of dendrobium candidum byproduct, 0.4 part of ganoderma lucidum byproduct and
0.01
The urea of part；The dendrobium candidum byproduct is the residue after dendrobium candidum effective component extracting；The ganoderma lucidum pair
Product
For the residue after ganoderma lucidum effective component extracting.
<Embodiment 2>
A kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, it comprises the following steps：
Step 1: cotton stalk, wheat stalk and soybean stalk segment are crushed into particle diameter for 5cm, the sun is subsequently placed in
Dry 3 days, every other day stirred once under light, agricultural crop straw weight is sprayed to agricultural crop straw surface before stirring every time
0.5% disinfectant, obtains preliminary treatment stalk；The preliminary treatment stalk is put into insect repellant solution and soaked, is taken out after 20min,
With hot blast drying, immersion drying 3 times, obtains second processing stalk repeatedly；Second processing stalk is divided into three equal parts, by three equal parts
The second processing stalk is laid on plate body successively from top to bottom, in the second processing stalk and the second processing in middle level of lower floor
The second processing stalk upper surface between stalk, between the second processing stalk on the second processing stalk in middle level and upper strata and upper strata
Respectively the cavernous body of horizontal positioned one, obtain nonwoven fabric from filaments, by layered thing in temperature be 25 DEG C, relative humidity be 60% in the environment of
Stand；The sponge is to be placed in Chinese medicine liquid to soak 60min and be made by dry sponge；
Disinfectant be by weight ratio be 2:1:3:10 CORTEX ZINGIBERIS RHIZOMAE, shallot root, garlic root and water big fire is boiled and formed；
The preparation method of the insect repellant solution is：White flesh in 20 parts of durian peel, 40 parts of fish are weighed by weight
Raw meat grass, 15 parts of folium eucalypti and 6 parts of anistree leaf, are mixed and crush, obtain mixed material, and 50 parts are added into the mixed material
Filtered while hot after rice washing water, moderate heat infusion 6h, obtain filtrate and filter residue, the formic acid of 3 parts of addition, 0.9 part of neighbour into the filtrate
Diethyl phthalate and 0.07 part of citronellal stir, and produce the insect repellant solution；
The preparation method of the Chinese medicine liquid is：It is 1 by weight ratio:2:0.3:4:1.7:2.5:3.6:1.2:1.8 sweet wormwood,
Honeysuckle, sudangrass, lucerne grass of last year, pine needle meal, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Poria cocos, bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae and notopterygium root decoct the Chinese medicine slag extracted after pharmaceutical component,
With the filter residue using weight ratio as 1:0.3 ratio mixing, adds the water infusion 30min of described 4 times of weight of Chinese medicine slag, while hot mistake
Filter, collects filtrate and obtains the second filtrate, as described Chinese medicine liquid；
Step 2: the cavernous body of the superiors is pressed straight down every 15min, to apply downward pressure to layered thing
Continue to stand 50min after power, three pressures, then by upper strata second processing stalk, middle level second processing stalk and lower floor second
Handle stalk and take out mixing, obtain pretreated agricultural crop straw；
Step 3: the pretreated agricultural crop straw that step 2 is obtained is put into sealed pressure-resistant reactor, it is passed through
Saturated vapor, is forced into 12kg/cm2, 10min is kept at a temperature of 160 DEG C, 24kg/cm is then forced into rapidly2, by temperature liter
To 220 DEG C, keep rapid blowdown valve of opening after 10min to spray material by jet pipe, high-energy stalk fodder grass half is obtained after cooling
Finished product；
Step 4: being incorporated as 20% jade of agricultural crop straw weight in the straw forage material semi-finished product obtained to step 3
Rice, 15% dregs of beans and 7% auxiliary material, after stirring, by producing the full-time grain of herbivore after briquetting；
The auxiliary material includes the raw material of following parts by weight：0.3 part of durian seed powder, 1 part of durian peel powder, 12 parts of hardship
Squash seed meal, 5 parts of cucumber seed powder, 13 parts of shaddock peel powder, 1.2 parts of feather meal, 9 parts of molasses fermented liquid, 7 parts of ocean are low
Deng biological tunning, 0.9 part of dendrobium candidum byproduct, 1.1 parts of ganoderma lucidum byproduct and 0.03 part of urea；The iron
Skin stem of noble dendrobium byproduct is the residue after dendrobium candidum effective component extracting；The ganoderma lucidum byproduct is after ganoderma lucidum effective component extracting
Residue.
<Embodiment 3>
A kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, it comprises the following steps：
Step 1: rice straw and soybean stalk segment are crushed into particle diameter for 2.6cm, it is subsequently placed under sunshine and dries
2.5 days, every other day stir once, the 0.3% of agricultural crop straw weight is sprayed to agricultural crop straw surface before stirring every time
Disinfectant, obtains preliminary treatment stalk；The preliminary treatment stalk is put into insect repellant solution and soaked, takes out, is blown with hot blast after 15min
Dry, immersion drying 2 times, obtains second processing stalk repeatedly；Second processing stalk is divided into three equal parts, by described the second of three equal parts
Processing stalk be laid in successively on plate body from top to bottom, lower floor second processing stalk and middle level second processing stalk it
Between, the second processing stalk upper surface difference water between the second processing stalk on the second processing stalk in middle level and upper strata and upper strata
The cavernous body of placing flat one, obtains nonwoven fabric from filaments, by layered thing in temperature be 22 DEG C, relative humidity be 55% in the environment of stand；
The sponge is to be placed in Chinese medicine liquid to soak 50min and be made by dry sponge；
Disinfectant be by weight ratio be 2:1:3:10 CORTEX ZINGIBERIS RHIZOMAE, shallot root, garlic root and water big fire is boiled and formed；
The preparation method of the insect repellant solution is：White flesh in 15 parts of durian peel, 35 parts of fish are weighed by weight
Raw meat grass, 12 parts of folium eucalypti and 4 parts of anistree leaf, are mixed and crush, obtain mixed material, and 45 parts are added into the mixed material
Filtered while hot after rice washing water, moderate heat infusion 4h, obtain filtrate and filter residue, the formic acid of 2 parts of addition, 0.7 part of neighbour into the filtrate
Diethyl phthalate and 0.05 part of citronellal stir, and produce the insect repellant solution；
The preparation method of the Chinese medicine liquid is：It is 1 by weight ratio:2:0.3:4:1.7:2.5:3.6:1.2:1.8 sweet wormwood,
Honeysuckle, sudangrass, lucerne grass of last year, pine needle meal, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Poria cocos, bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae and notopterygium root decoct the Chinese medicine slag extracted after pharmaceutical component,
With the filter residue using weight ratio as 1:0.3 ratio mixing, adds the water infusion 25min of described 4 times of weight of Chinese medicine slag, while hot mistake
Filter, collects filtrate and obtains the second filtrate, as described Chinese medicine liquid；
Step 2: the cavernous body of the superiors is pressed straight down every 15min, to apply downward pressure to layered thing
Continue to stand 40min after power, three pressures, then by upper strata second processing stalk, middle level second processing stalk and lower floor second
Handle stalk and take out mixing, obtain pretreated agricultural crop straw；
Step 3: the pretreated agricultural crop straw that step 2 is obtained is put into sealed pressure-resistant reactor, it is passed through
Saturated vapor, is forced into 10kg/cm2, 8min is kept at a temperature of 145 DEG C, 30kg/cm is then forced into rapidly2, by temperature liter
To 185 DEG C, keep rapid blowdown valve of opening after 6min to spray material by jet pipe, after cooling high-energy stalk fodder grass half into
Product；
Step 4: being incorporated as 15% jade of agricultural crop straw weight in the straw forage material semi-finished product obtained to step 3
Rice, 10% dregs of beans and 5% auxiliary material, after stirring, by producing the full-time grain of herbivore after extruder grain；
The auxiliary material includes the raw material of following parts by weight：0.2 part of durian seed powder, 0.8 part of durian peel powder, 9 parts
Bitter melon seed powder, 3 parts of cucumber seed powder, 10 parts of shaddock peel powder, 1.0 parts of feather meal, 7 parts of molasses fermented liquid, 5 parts of ocean
The tunning of unicellular lower eukaryote, 0.6 part of dendrobium candidum byproduct, 0.8 part of ganoderma lucidum byproduct and 0.02 part of urea；It is described
Dendrobium candidum byproduct is the residue after dendrobium candidum effective component extracting；The ganoderma lucidum byproduct is ganoderma lucidum effective component extracting
Residue afterwards.
<Embodiment 4>
A kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the difference with embodiment 3 is, crops
Stalk segment is placed under sunshine after crushing and dried 2.5 days, pretreated agricultural crop straw is produced, then according to embodiment 3
In the operation of step three~step 4 method, finally give the full-time grain of plant-eating animal.
<Embodiment 5>
A kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the difference with embodiment 3 is, described auxiliary
Expect for calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium constituent, P elements, magnesium elements, copper, ferro element, Zn-ef ficiency and manganese element.Other operations and parameter
Be the same as Example 3.
<Embodiment 6>
A kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, the difference with embodiment 3 is, pre-processes
Agricultural crop straw afterwards is handled without the step three in embodiment 3 without gas explosion, directly with agricultural crop straw weight
15% corn, 10% dregs of beans and the mixing of 5% auxiliary material, it is dynamic by producing food grass after extruder grain after stirring
The full-time grain of thing, other operations and parameter be the same as Example 3.
<Embodiment 7>
A kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, it is specially：Agricultural crop straw is cut off
Particle diameter is crushed to for 2.6cm, is placed under sunshine and dries 2.5 days, then add agricultural crop straw weight 15% corn,
10% dregs of beans and 5% auxiliary material, after stirring, by producing the full-time grain of herbivore after extruder grain, other behaviour
Make and parameter be the same as Example 3.
<Comparative example>
Full-time to plant-eating animal made from the embodiment of the present invention 3~7 grain carry out nutritional ingredient, digestibility, parasitic ovum and
The detection of bacterium, the holding time compares, and its result is as shown in table 1：
As shown in Table 1, the full-time grain of plant-eating animal made from embodiment 3 compares embodiment 4~7 more high-quality high energy, animal
Palatability it is optimal, crude protein content substantially increases crude fiber content and significantly reduced, the more conducively digestion of feed in animal body
Absorb, digestible crude protein is dramatically increased；Total number of bacteria is greatly reduced；Parasitic ovum in stalk is all killed, so that
Reach the purpose for greatly improving the feed shelf-life.
Wherein, embodiment 3 is compared to the difference of embodiment 4, embodiment 3 to agricultural crop straw have passed through immersion insect repellant solution,
The processing operation of Chinese medicine liquid is penetrated into, agricultural crop straw is passed through into insect repellant solution dipping pretreatment, there is the obtained full-time grain of animal
Insect prevention, effect of expelling parasite, it is to avoid pest infestation and the problem of cause to substantially reduce full-time grain quality, and full-time grain can be extended
Shelf-life, cordate houttuynia, anistree leaf in insect repellant solution and the organic substance with fragranced can improve the mouthfeel of full-time grain, from
And strengthen the appetite of animal；The cavernous body that the Chinese medicine liquid of better nutritivity value will be soaked with is put with second processing stalk layer stackup, and
Separated in time presses, and enables to the active ingredient in Chinese medicine liquid slowly to penetrate into stalk, improves the utilization rate of Chinese medicine liquid,
Ensure that the Chinese medicine liquid of stalk absorbed inside reaches saturation, so as to lift the nutritive value of full-time grain；
Embodiment 3 is compared to the difference of embodiment 5, adds rich in various amino acid, protein, carbohydrate and animal institute
The various micro- auxiliary materials needed, greatly promote the nutritive value of full-time grain, improve palatability；Embodiment 3 compares embodiment 6
Difference be, embodiment 3 have passed through gas explosion processing, destroy agricultural crop straw cell wall structure, make in agricultural crop straw
Property washing fiber can significantly reduce, the nutrient needed for the livestock such as fibroid, hemicellulose for being rich in agricultural crop straw is obtained
To more effective utilization, the content of thick protein in agricultural crop straw is improved, so as to reach the digestibility for improving agricultural crop straw.
Number of devices and treatment scale described herein are the explanations for simplifying the present invention.To the present invention application,
Modifications and variations will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method that utilization agricultural crop straw makes the full-time grain of plant-eating animal, it is characterised in that made using agricultural crop straw
For primary raw material, handled by the gas explosion of HTHP, obtain high-energy stalk fodder grass semi-finished product, be incorporated as the crops straw
10~20% corn, 5~15% dregs of beans and 2~7% auxiliary material of stalk weight, after stirring, are made by extruding
Got product after grain or briquetting；
The auxiliary material includes the raw material of following parts by weight：0.1~0.3 part of durian seed powder, 0.5~1 part of durian peel powder, 5
~12 parts of bitter melon seed powder, 1~5 part of cucumber seed powder, 6~13 parts of shaddock peel powder, 0.8~1.2 part of feather meal, 4~9 parts
Molasses fermented liquid, the tunning of 3~7 parts of ocean unicellular lower eukaryote, 0.3~0.9 part of dendrobium candidum byproduct, 0.4~
1.1 parts of ganoderma lucidum byproduct and 0.01~0.03 part of urea.
2. the method for the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Agricultural crop straw is mixed by the one or more in maize straw, wheat stalk, rice straw, cotton stalk, soybean stalk etc.
Close and be made.
3. the method for the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described
Gas explosion is handled：Agricultural crop straw segment is crushed to particle diameter for 2mm~5cm, is put into sealed pressure-resistant reactor, leads to
Enter saturated vapor, be forced into 8~12kg/cm2, 5~10min is kept at a temperature of 130~160 DEG C, 12 are then forced into rapidly
~24kg/cm2, temperature is risen to 150~220 DEG C, keeps rapid blowdown valve of opening after 2~10min to spray material by jet pipe
Go out, the semi-finished product are produced after cooling.
4. the method for the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described
Dendrobium candidum byproduct is the residue after dendrobium candidum effective component extracting；The ganoderma lucidum byproduct is ganoderma lucidum effective component extracting
Residue afterwards.
5. the method for the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that described
Agricultural crop straw have passed through pretreatment before being put into pressure-resistant reactor, specifically include following steps：
Step A, the agricultural crop straw for crushing cut-out are placed under sunshine and dried 2~3 days, every other day stir once, every time
0.1~0.5% disinfectant of agricultural crop straw weight is sprayed before stirring to agricultural crop straw surface, preliminary treatment stalk is obtained；
The preliminary treatment stalk is put into insect repellant solution and soaked, is taken out after 10~20min, with hot blast drying, repeatedly immersion drying 1~
3 times, obtain second processing stalk；
Step B, the second processing stalk obtained in step A is divided into three equal parts, by the second processing stalk of three equal parts
It is laid in successively on plate body from top to bottom, between the second processing stalk of lower floor and the second processing stalk in middle level, middle level
The second processing stalk upper surface difference horizontal positioned one between second processing stalk and the second processing stalk on upper strata and upper strata
Cavernous body, obtains nonwoven fabric from filaments, by layered thing in temperature be 20~25 DEG C, relative humidity be 50~60% in the environment of stand；
The sponge is to be placed in Chinese medicine liquid to soak 40~60min and be made by dry sponge；
Step C, every 15min to pressing the cavernous bodies of the superiors, to apply downward pressure, three pressures to layered thing
Continue to stand 30~50min afterwards, then by upper strata second processing stalk, middle level second processing stalk and lower floor's second processing stalk
Mixing is taken out, is produced.
6. the method for the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described
Disinfectant be by weight ratio be 2:1:3:10 CORTEX ZINGIBERIS RHIZOMAE, shallot root, garlic root and water big fire is boiled and formed.
7. the method for the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that described
The preparation method of insect repellant solution is：Weigh by weight white flesh in 10~20 parts of durian peel, 30~40 parts of cordate houttuynia,
8~15 parts of folium eucalypti and 2~6 parts of anistree leaf, mix and crush, obtain mixed material, into the mixed material add 40~
Filtered while hot after 50 parts of rice washing water, 2~6h of moderate heat infusion, obtain the first filtrate and filter residue, into first filtrate add 1~
3 parts of formic acid, 0.4~0.9 part of diethyl phthalate and 0.03~0.07 part of citronellal stir, and produce described
Insect repellant solution.
8. the method for the full-time grain of plant-eating animal is made using agricultural crop straw as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described
The preparation method of Chinese medicine liquid is：It is 1 by weight ratio:2:0.3:4:1.7:2.5:3.6:1.2:1.8 sweet wormwood, honeysuckle, the Sudan
Grass, lucerne grass of last year, pine needle meal, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Poria cocos, bulbus fritillariae cirrhosae and notopterygium root decoct the Chinese medicine slag extracted after pharmaceutical component, with the filter residue
It is 1 according to weight ratio:Filter is collected by filtration in 0.3 ratio mixing, plus the 20~30min of water infusion of 4 times of weight of the filter residue while hot
Liquid obtains the second filtrate, as described Chinese medicine liquid.
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Application publication date: 20170926 |