CN110495342A - A kind of method that hayashishita cultivates mushroom - Google Patents
A kind of method that hayashishita cultivates mushroom Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110495342A CN110495342A CN201910672472.4A CN201910672472A CN110495342A CN 110495342 A CN110495342 A CN 110495342A CN 201910672472 A CN201910672472 A CN 201910672472A CN 110495342 A CN110495342 A CN 110495342A
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- Prior art keywords
- mushroom
- heat
- hayashishita
- bacterium bag
- arched shed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that hayashishita cultivates mushroom, it is related to the technical field of mushroom cultivation, the problem of aiming to solve the problem that the bad control of traditional underwood planting temperature, its key points of the technical solution are that: S1, bacterium bag preparation, the formula of compost includes poplar bits 80%, wheat bran 18%, land plaster 1%, lime 1%, and bacterium bag is made in inoculation；The forest land of 0.7 or more canopy density is chosen in S2, forest land addressing；S3, bacterium furrow excavate, and along boulevard, length direction equidistantly excavates the cultivation bed being square；S4, bacterial strain plantation by mature bacterium bag unpacking and are planted in cultivation bed；Filling water conservation module in gap between cultivation groove sidewall and bacterium bag；S5, temperature control module are set up, and arched shed component is provide with above bacterium furrow, and the adjustment module for adjusting arch temperature of shed is provided on plastic canopy.The method that a kind of hayashishita of the invention cultivates mushroom has using natural resources, forms circular biological development, and temperature regulates and controls convenient advantage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that mushroom is cultivated, a kind of method for cultivating mushroom more particularly, to hayashishita.
Background technique
Edible mushroom is ideal wholefood or multifunctional food, mushroom amino acid rich in, protein, taste
It is delicious.There are many cultivar of mushroom, common are oyster mushroom, mushroom, agaricus bisporus, needle mushroom, phoenix-tail mushroom etc..
In mushroom plantation, generally include greenhouse gardening and field and plant two kinds, when greenhouse gardening required growth ring
Border needs artificial setting, and nutrient environment whole needs are artificial needed for mushroom provides, although small by regional impact, resource consumption
Take it is larger, human cost investment it is larger, do not meet the theory of Green Sustainable.And underwood planting makes full use of hayashishita soil
Resource and Lin Yin advantage are engaged in the three-dimensional laminating production operation such as underwood planting, cultivation, so that each industry of Agriculture, forestry And Animal Husbandry be made to realize that resource is total
The ecological agricultural model enjoy, have complementary advantages, form a circle, to develop in harmony.
Mushroom is more demanding for temperature and the temperature difference, but the mode of underwood planting is due in outdoor, and needs benefit
With natural resources supplIes, the problem of being easy to cause temperature that should not regulate and control.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of method that hayashishita cultivates mushroom, tool
Have using natural resources, the advantages of cycle development.
Foregoing invention purpose of the invention has the technical scheme that
A kind of method that hayashishita cultivates mushroom, includes the following steps,
S1, bacterium bag preparation, the formula of compost includes poplar bits 80%, wheat bran 18%, land plaster 1%, lime 1%, and compost is made
By sterilizing, it is inoculated with after cooling and bacterium bag is made；
The forest land of 0.7 or more canopy density is chosen in S2, forest land addressing；
S3, bacterium furrow excavate, and along boulevard, length direction equidistantly excavates the cultivation bed being square, the distance between adjacent cultivation bed
It is 1 meter, cultivation groove depth is 20 centimetres；
S4, bacterial strain plantation by mature bacterium bag unpacking and are planted in cultivation bed, and there are spacing between adjacent bacterium bag；It is cultivating
Filling water conservation module in gap between groove sidewall and bacterium bag；
S5, temperature control module are set up, and arched shed component is provide with above bacterium furrow, are provided on plastic canopy warm in arched shed for adjusting
The adjustment module of degree.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, poplar bits are selected to replace traditional cotton seed hulls when preparing compost, due to cotton
It is easy to have pesticide residue in seed shell, not only have an impact to the growth of mushroom, but also pesticide residue is easy to be transferred to people with mushroom
Body influences human health, can be gathered materials on the spot using poplar bits, and pesticide residue is few, meets environmentally protective theory, chooses
The woods of 0.7 or more canopy density, for mushroom growth advantageously；It, can be right by the way that water conservation module is arranged in culture tank
Bacterium bag provides damp condition, and when dry soil moisture is few, the soil on mushroom periphery still is able to guarantee enough humidity,
Consequently facilitating the growth of mushroom, later regulates and controls the temperature in arched shed by temperature control module, it is real convenient for the growth to mushroom
Existing temperature regulation.
The present invention is further arranged to: the water conservation module in step S4 is by the dead leaves after having the land for building of moss, smashing
And soil mixes and in the gap that is filled between bacterium bag and cultivation bed.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, not only nutriment rich in the land for building with moss, but also have
Preferable water absorbency and water retentivity, the periphery that mushroom is arranged in can provide mushroom enough humidity, and be beaten by being mixed into
Broken dead leaves, nutrient is sufficient in the dead leaves after rotting, and can provide nutrient to mushroom.
The present invention is further arranged to: in step S5, arched shed component is bent arched by bamboo cane, and one end of bamboo cane is plugged on
The side of cultivation bed, the other end are plugged on the other side of cultivation bed, and bamboo cane spaced set, adjusting component includes the bamboo in arch
Gauze, heat absorption cloth, heat-insulating cloth, the heat insulation grass blanket being successively provide with from inside to outside on item.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, by the way that arched shed is arranged, mushroom can be provide with, when needing to water to mushroom
When, heat absorption cloth, heat-insulating cloth and heat insulation grass blanket are rolled, sprays water through gauze to mushroom, when needing to heat up, covers heat absorption
Cloth, heat absorption cloth herein can use the plastic cloth of black, can be to rising in arched shed since black has the effect of absorbing heat
Temperature covers heat-insulating cloth when temperature overheats in external environment, reduces transmitting of the external heat into arched shed, heat-insulating cloth herein
It can be replaced with Thermal insulation curtain, heat insulation grass blanket is used to use in night insulation, to realize the regulation to arch temperature of shed.
The present invention is further arranged to: being excavated the nutrition groove for supplementing nutrient in cultivation bed periphery, is filled out in nutrition groove
Fill the filler containing organic nutrient substance.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, it can according to need to fill out in nutrition groove and set filler, and can use and fall in ground
Fallen leaves on face, directly sweep to fallen leaves in nutrition groove, and nutriment supply is realized after fallen leaves rot.
The present invention is further arranged to: filler includes cattle and sheep excrement, fallen leaves, withered branch, bed-silt.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the organic nutrients such as nitrogen phosphorus rich in, are as crops in cattle and sheep excrement
Preferable nutriment.
The present invention is further arranged to: placing earthworm in cultivation bed and nutrition groove.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the inorganic matter in soil can be decomposed by preventing earthworm not only, and
And it can also play the role of loosening the soil.
The present invention is further arranged to: in mushroom early growth period, Yu Shangwu 12 is when afternoon 4 by heat insulation grass blanket and heat-insulated
Cloth is rolled, and absorbs heat to heating up in arched shed by heat absorption cloth, when afternoon 4 after first heat absorption cloth is opened, through gauze to
Water spray in arched shed, later by heat absorption cloth, heat-insulating cloth and heat insulation grass blanket it is broken roll up and cover be located on arched shed, to temperature in arched shed
One night.
Pass through heat absorption cloth since 2 points of noon or so are the temperature highest period in one day by using above-mentioned technical proposal
Temperature in arched shed is brought rapidly up, is sprayed water later to mushroom, is finally kept the temperature a whole night, mushroom is aerated morning, is promoted
Into mushrooming out for mushroom.
The present invention is further arranged to: to the arched shed after heat preservation when second day morning 6 by heat insulation grass blanket, heat-insulating cloth and
Heat absorption cloth winding, to being aerated in arched shed.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the mushroom environment moist and sultry through a whole night, cultivating rate is mentioned significantly
It rises.
The present invention is further arranged to: backfill slot is dug beside trees, backfill is in backfill after discarded bacterium bag is smashed
In slot, nutrient is provided for trees.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, bacterium bag in use for some time, is replaced, discarded bacterium bag backfill
Trees are covered in backfill slot, to realize that nutriment recycles, achieve the effect that more green sustainable development.
In conclusion advantageous effects of the invention are as follows:
1. select poplar bits to replace traditional cotton seed hulls when preparing compost, due to being easy to have pesticide residue in cotton seed hulls,
Not only have an impact to the growth of mushroom, but also pesticide residue is easy to be transferred to human body with mushroom, influences human health, uses poplar
Bits can gather materials on the spot, and pesticide residue is few, meet environmentally protective theory, choose the woods of 0.7 or more canopy density, for
The growth of mushroom is advantageously；By the way that water conservation module is arranged in culture tank, damp condition can be provided to bacterium bag, work as Climate Dryness
When dry soil moisture is few, the soil on mushroom periphery still is able to guarantee enough humidity, consequently facilitating the growth of mushroom, Zhi Houtong
It crosses temperature control module to regulate and control the temperature in arched shed, realizes temperature regulation convenient for the growth to mushroom；
2. by setting arched shed, mushroom can be provide with, when need to mushroom water when, by heat absorption cloth, heat-insulating cloth and
Heat insulation grass blanket is rolled, and is sprayed water through gauze to mushroom, when needing to heat up, is covered heat absorption cloth, heat absorption cloth herein can use
The plastic cloth of black can be to heating up, when temperature overheats in external environment since black has the effect of heat absorption in arched shed
When, heat-insulating cloth is covered, transmitting of the external heat into arched shed is reduced, heat-insulating cloth herein can be replaced with Thermal insulation curtain, be kept the temperature
Careless blanket is used to use in night insulation, to realize the regulation to arch temperature of shed；
3. 2 points of noon or so are the temperature highest period in one day, the temperature in arched shed is brought rapidly up by heat absorption cloth, later
It sprays water to mushroom, finally keeps the temperature a whole night, mushroom is aerated morning, promote mushrooming out for mushroom.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail below.
The method that a kind of hayashishita disclosed by the invention cultivates mushroom, includes the following steps, S1, bacterium bag preparation, compost
Formula includes poplar bits 80%, wheat bran 18%, land plaster 1%, lime 1%, is sterilized after compost is made, and is inoculated with after cooling and bacterium is made
Packet；
The forest land of 0.7 or more canopy density is chosen in S2, forest land addressing；
S3, bacterium furrow excavate, and along boulevard, length direction equidistantly excavates the cultivation bed being square, the distance between adjacent cultivation bed
It is 1 meter, cultivation groove depth is 20 centimetres；
S4, bacterial strain plantation by mature bacterium bag unpacking and are planted in cultivation bed, and there are spacing between adjacent bacterium bag；It is cultivating
Filling water conservation module in gap between groove sidewall and bacterium bag；
S5, temperature control module are set up, and arched shed component is provide with above bacterium furrow, are provided on plastic canopy warm in arched shed for adjusting
The adjustment module of degree.
Poplar bits are selected to replace traditional cotton seed hulls when preparing compost, it is residual with pesticide due to being easy in cotton seed hulls
It stays, not only has an impact to the growth of mushroom, but also pesticide residue is easy to be transferred to human body with mushroom, influences human health, uses
Poplar bits can gather materials on the spot, and pesticide residue is few, meet environmentally protective theory, choose the woods of 0.7 or more canopy density,
For mushroom growth advantageously；By the way that water conservation module is arranged in culture tank, damp condition can be provided to bacterium bag, work as gas
When waiting arid soil moisture less, the soil on mushroom periphery still is able to guarantee enough humidity, consequently facilitating the growth of mushroom, it
The temperature in arched shed is regulated and controled by temperature control module afterwards, realizes temperature regulation convenient for the growth to mushroom.
Wherein water conservation module by with moss land for building, smash after dead leaves and soil mix and be filled in bacterium bag and
In gap between cultivation bed；Not only nutriment rich in land for building with moss, but also there is preferable water suction
Property and water-retaining property, the periphery that mushroom is set enough humidity can be provided mushroom, and by being mixed into the dead leaves smashed,
Nutrient is sufficient in dead leaves after rotting, can provide nutrient to mushroom.
In step S5, arched shed component is bent arched by bamboo cane, and one end of bamboo cane is plugged on the side of cultivation bed, the other end
It is plugged on the other side of cultivation bed, bamboo cane spaced set, adjusting component includes successively covering from inside to outside in the bamboo cane of arch
If gauze, heat absorption cloth, heat-insulating cloth, heat insulation grass blanket.By the way that arched shed is arranged, mushroom can be provide with, when needing to mushroom
When watering, heat absorption cloth, heat-insulating cloth and heat insulation grass blanket are rolled, sprays water through gauze to mushroom, when needing to heat up, covers suction
Hot cloth, heat absorption cloth herein can use the plastic cloth of black that can carry out in arched shed since black has the effect of heat absorption
Heating covers heat-insulating cloth when temperature overheats in external environment, reduces transmitting of the external heat into arched shed, herein heat-insulated
Cloth can be replaced with Thermal insulation curtain, and heat insulation grass blanket is used to use in night insulation, to realize the regulation to arch temperature of shed.
The nutrition groove for supplementing nutrient is excavated in cultivation bed periphery, filling out containing organic nutrient substance is filled in nutrition groove
Material.It can according to need to fill out in nutrition groove and set filler, and can use the fallen leaves fallen on the ground, fallen leaves are directly swept into battalion
It supports in slot, nutriment supply is realized after fallen leaves rot.
Filler includes cattle and sheep excrement, fallen leaves, withered branch, bed-silt.Nitrogen phosphorus rich in etc. is organic in cattle and sheep excrement
Nutrient is the preferable nutriment as crops.
Earthworm is placed in cultivation bed and nutrition groove.The inorganic matter in soil can be carried out by preventing earthworm not only
It decomposes, but also can play the role of loosening the soil.
In mushroom early growth period, heat insulation grass blanket and heat-insulating cloth are rolled when afternoon 4, are inhaled by heat absorption cloth by Yu Shangwu 12
Heat is received to heating up in arched shed, first heat absorption cloth is opened later when afternoon 4, is sprayed water through gauze into arched shed, will be inhaled later
Hot cloth, heat-insulating cloth and heat insulation grass blanket break to roll up and cover and be located on arched shed, to one night of temperature in arched shed.Due to 2 points of left sides of noon
The right side is the temperature highest period in one day, is brought rapidly up by heat absorption cloth to the temperature in arched shed, is sprayed water later to mushroom, finally
A whole night is kept the temperature, mushroom is aerated morning, promotes mushrooming out for mushroom.
Arched shed after heat preservation is wound heat insulation grass blanket, heat-insulating cloth and heat absorption cloth when second day morning 6, in arched shed
It is aerated.The mushroom environment moist and sultry through a whole night, cultivating rate are greatly improved.
Backfill slot is dug beside trees, backfill provides nutrient in backfill slot for trees after discarded bacterium bag is smashed.
Bacterium bag in use for some time, is replaced, and discarded bacterium bag is backfilling into backfill slot and covers to trees, thus
It realizes nutriment circulation, achievees the effect that more green sustainable development.
The embodiment of present embodiment is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not limits protection of the invention according to this
Range, therefore: the equivalence changes that all structures under this invention, shape, principle are done, should all be covered by protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method that hayashishita cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
S1, bacterium bag preparation, the formula of compost includes poplar bits 80%, wheat bran 18%, land plaster 1%, lime 1%, and compost is made
By sterilizing, it is inoculated with after cooling and bacterium bag is made；
The forest land of 0.7 or more canopy density is chosen in S2, forest land addressing；
S3, bacterium furrow excavate, and along boulevard, length direction equidistantly excavates the cultivation bed being square, the distance between adjacent cultivation bed
It is 1 meter, cultivation groove depth is 20 centimetres；
S4, bacterial strain plantation by mature bacterium bag unpacking and are planted in cultivation bed, and there are spacing between adjacent bacterium bag；It is cultivating
Filling water conservation module in gap between groove sidewall and bacterium bag；
S5, temperature control module are set up, and arched shed component is provide with above bacterium furrow, are provided on plastic canopy warm in arched shed for adjusting
The adjustment module of degree.
2. the method that a kind of hayashishita according to claim 1 cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: the water conservation module in step S4
By with moss land for building, smash after dead leaves and soil mix and in the gap that is filled between bacterium bag and cultivation bed.
3. the method that a kind of hayashishita according to claim 1 cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: in step S5, arched shed component
Bent by bamboo cane arched, one end of bamboo cane is plugged on the side of cultivation bed, and the other end is plugged on the other side of cultivation bed, bamboo cane
Spaced set, adjusting component includes the gauze being successively provide with from inside to outside in the bamboo cane of arch, heat absorption cloth, heat-insulating cloth, guarantor
Warm grass blanket.
4. the method that a kind of hayashishita according to claim 1 cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: excavate and use in cultivation bed periphery
In the nutrition groove of supplement nutrient, the filler containing organic nutrient substance is filled in nutrition groove.
5. the method that a kind of hayashishita according to claim 4 cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: filler include cattle and sheep excrement,
Fallen leaves, withered branch, bed-silt.
6. the method that a kind of hayashishita according to claim 5 cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: in cultivation bed and nutrition groove
Interior placement earthworm.
7. the method that a kind of hayashishita according to claim 3 cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: in mushroom early growth period, in
Roll heat insulation grass blanket and heat-insulating cloth when afternoon 4 in the morning 12, absorbs heat to heating up in arched shed, afternoon by heat absorption cloth
First heat absorption cloth is opened after when 4, sprays water through gauze into arched shed, later breaks heat absorption cloth, heat-insulating cloth and heat insulation grass blanket
It rolls up and covers and be located on arched shed, to one night of temperature in arched shed.
8. the method that a kind of hayashishita according to claim 7 cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: to the arched shed after heat preservation in the
Heat insulation grass blanket, heat-insulating cloth and heat absorption cloth are wound when morning 6 on the two, to being aerated in arched shed.
9. the method that a kind of hayashishita according to claim 1 cultivates mushroom, it is characterised in that: dig backfill beside trees
Slot, backfill provides nutrient in backfill slot for trees after discarded bacterium bag is smashed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114847081A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-05 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Method for effectively promoting fruiting of two-crop mushrooms in common steel-frame temperature-control greenhouse in winter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114847081A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-05 | 河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所 | Method for effectively promoting fruiting of two-crop mushrooms in common steel-frame temperature-control greenhouse in winter |
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