CN110451938A - 一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料 - Google Patents

一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料 Download PDF

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CN110451938A
CN110451938A CN201910704995.2A CN201910704995A CN110451938A CN 110451938 A CN110451938 A CN 110451938A CN 201910704995 A CN201910704995 A CN 201910704995A CN 110451938 A CN110451938 A CN 110451938A
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aluminium
fine powder
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resistant materials
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罗旭东
陈娜
李季佳
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University of Science and Technology Liaoning USTL
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Abstract

本发明专利涉及一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，以板状刚玉、烧结钛酸铝、致密刚玉为骨料，以板状刚玉细粉、烧结钛酸铝细粉、二氧化钛微粉、α‑氧化铝微粉为基质，以氟化铝细粉作为催化剂。外加上述物料5‑10wt%的水，通过预混、混炼、成型、干燥和烧成，可以得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料。钛酸铝晶须的引入可以提高耐火材料的韧性、增加冲击强度。本发明方法有效利用在铝钛质耐火材料中生成钛酸铝晶须，从而提高铝钛质耐火材料的高温力学性能和抗热震稳定性。

Description

一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料
技术领域
本发明涉及无机化工技术领域，具体涉及一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料。
背景技术
随着我国国民经济的飞速发展，使得钢铁、玻璃、水泥和有色金属等工业的发展日新月异，同时对耐火材料提出了愈来愈高的要求，研制开发优质、高效、无污染的耐火材料以满足各种高温工业的需求，是从事耐火材料研究开发人员的重要任务。铝钛之间原位生成的高熔点钛酸铝晶须，具有优良的抗侵蚀性、热震稳定性等优点。因而，铝钛耐火材料是结构、性能优良且无污染的环保型耐火材料，是一种优质的环保型耐火材料，对各种高温工业窑炉使用寿命的提高具有十分重要的意义。且原位生成的钛酸铝晶须分布均匀，具有优良的耐高温、耐腐蚀、优越的热震稳定性和力学性能，避免了外加晶须分布不均匀导致的因局部温度过热而开裂，甚至炸裂的现象。钛酸铝晶须的引入可以提高耐火材料的韧性、增加冲击强度。因此，本发明方法有效利用在铝钛质耐火材料中原位生成钛酸铝晶须，从而提高铝钛质耐火材料的高温力学性能和抗热震稳定性。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，以板状刚玉、烧结钛酸铝、致密刚玉为骨料，以板状刚玉细粉、烧结钛酸铝细粉、二氧化钛微粉、α-氧化铝微粉为基质，以氟化铝细粉作为催化剂，经预混、混炼、成型、干燥、烧成，得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料。
为实现上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，其特征在于，以板状刚玉、烧结钛酸铝、致密刚玉为骨料，以板状刚玉细粉、烧结钛酸铝细粉、二氧化钛微粉、α-氧化铝微粉为基质，以氟化铝细粉作为催化剂，经预混、混炼、成型、干燥和烧成，得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料，其具体操作步骤如下：
步骤一，预混，将粒径为3-0.074mm的板状刚玉骨料20-25wt%、粒径为3-0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝骨料20-25wt%、粒径为3-0.074mm的致密刚玉骨料20-25wt%、粒径小于0.074mm的板状刚玉细粉5-10wt%、粒径小于0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝细粉5-10wt%、粒径小于0.045mm的二氧化钛微粉5-10wt%、粒径小于0.045mm的α-氧化铝微粉5-10wt%和粒径小于0.074mm的氟化铝细粉1-5wt%，在混炼机中进行充分混炼，得预混物料；
步骤二，混炼，外加步骤一所得预混物料5-10wt%的水，加入到预混物料中，置于混炼机中继续混炼，得到混炼后的浆料；
步骤三，成型，将混炼后的浆料放入模具中进行成型浇注，待样品在模具中养护24-48小时后脱模，得到物料坯体；
步骤四，干燥，将脱模后的物料坯体于60-80℃下干燥5-10小时，再置于100-150℃的条件下继续干燥24-48小时；
步骤五，烧成，将干燥后的物料坯体于1300-1550℃的烧结窑炉中煅烧2-6小时，随炉自然冷却后取出，即得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料。
所述步骤五中烧结窑炉为隧道窑、梭式窑、辊道窑、箱式电阻炉中的任一种。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：1）本发明制备的钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料在各种原料的共同配合作用下，具有良好的韧性，能够承受较大的外力作用，受到碰撞时不易碎裂； 2）铝钛耐火材料是结构、性能优良且无污染的环保型耐火材料，是一种优质的环保型耐火材料，对各种高温工业窑炉使用寿命的提高具有十分重要的意义，晶须可以对砖体起到增韧的作用，晶须的长径比过大增韧效果较差，长径比过小则生成物不能成为晶须，称作晶粒，长径比为15~20之间增强效果最好。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的制备方法做进一步说明：
实施例1：
本实施例给出的一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，有以下原料组成：粒径为3-0.074mm的板状刚玉骨料20kg、粒径为3-0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝骨料20kg、粒径为3-0.074mm的致密刚玉骨料20kg、粒径小于0.074mm的板状刚玉细粉9kg、粒径小于0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝细粉9kg、粒径小于0.045mm的二氧化钛微粉9kg、粒径小于0.045mm的α-氧化铝微粉9kg、粒径小于0.074mm的氟化铝细粉4kg。通过预混、混炼、成型、干燥和烧成，制备钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，具体操作步骤如下：
步骤一，预混，首先将板状刚玉骨料、烧结钛酸铝骨料、致密刚玉骨料、板状刚玉细粉、烧结钛酸铝细粉、二氧化钛微粉、α-氧化铝微粉和氟化铝细粉在混炼中进行充分混炼，得预混物料；
步骤二，混炼，外加5kg水，加入到步骤一得到的预混物料中，置于混炼机中充分混炼，得到混炼后的浆料；
步骤三，成型，将混炼后的浆料放入模具中进行成型浇注，待样品在模具中养护24小时后脱模，形成物料坯体；
步骤四，干燥，将脱模后的物料坯体于60℃下干燥5小时，再置于100℃的条件下干燥24小时；
步骤五，烧成，将干燥后的物料坯体于1350℃的箱式电阻炉中煅烧2小时，随炉自然冷却后取出，即得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料。
本实施例制备的钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料中的钛酸铝晶须的长径比为15.2，高温抗折强度为13.5MPa，抗热震稳定性为12次。
实施例2：
本实施例给出的一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，有以下原料组成：粒径为3-0.074mm的板状刚玉骨料22kg、粒径为3-0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝骨料22kg、粒径为3-0.074mm的致密刚玉骨料22kg、粒径小于0.074mm的板状刚玉细粉8kg、粒径小于0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝细粉8kg、粒径小于0.045mm的二氧化钛微粉8kg、粒径小于0.045mm的α-氧化铝微粉8kg、粒径小于0.074mm的氟化铝细粉2kg。通过预混、混炼、成型、干燥和烧成，制备钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，具体操作步骤如下：
步骤一，预混，首先将板状刚玉骨料、烧结钛酸铝骨料、致密刚玉骨料、板状刚玉细粉、烧结钛酸铝细粉、二氧化钛微粉、α-氧化铝微粉和氟化铝细粉在混炼机中进行充分混炼，得预混物料；
步骤二，混炼，外加7kg水，加入到步骤一得到的预混物料中，置于混炼机中充分混炼，得到混炼后的浆料；
步骤三，成型，将混炼后的浆料放入模具中进行成型浇注，待样品在模具中养护24小时后脱模，形成物料坯体；
步骤四，干燥，将脱模后的物料坯体于70℃下干燥8小时，再置于130℃的条件下干燥36小时；
步骤四，烧成，将干燥后的物料坯体于1450℃的箱式电阻炉中煅烧3小时，随炉自然冷却后取出，即得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料。
本实施例制备的钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料中的钛酸铝晶须的长径比为16.8，高温抗折强度为14.3MPa，抗热震稳定性为17次。
实施例3：
本实施例给出的一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，有以下原料组成：粒径为3-0.074mm的板状刚玉骨料23kg、粒径为3-0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝骨料23kg、粒径为3-0.074mm的致密刚玉骨料23kg、粒径小于0.074mm的板状刚玉细粉7kg、粒径小于0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝细粉7kg、粒径小于0.045mm的二氧化钛微粉7kg、粒径小于0.045mm的α-氧化铝微粉7kg、粒径小于0.074mm的氟化铝细粉3kg。通过预混、混炼、成型、干燥和烧成，制备钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，具体操作步骤如下：
步骤一，预混，首先将板状刚玉骨料、烧结钛酸铝骨料、致密刚玉骨料、板状刚玉细粉、烧结钛酸铝细粉、二氧化钛微粉、α-氧化铝微粉和氟化铝细粉在混炼机中进行充分混炼，得预混物料；
步骤二，混炼，外加10kg水，加入到步骤一得到的预混物料中，置于混炼机中充分混炼，得到混炼后的浆料；
步骤三，成型，将混炼后的浆料放入模具中进行成型浇注，待样品在模具中养护24小时后脱模，形成物料坯体；
步骤四，干燥，将脱模后的物料坯体于80℃下干燥10小时，再置于150℃的条件下干燥48小时；
步骤五，烧成，将干燥后的物料坯体于1550℃的箱式电阻炉中煅烧4小时，随炉自然冷却后取出，即得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料。
本实施例制备的钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料中的钛酸铝晶须的长径比为17.4，高温抗折强度为15.8MPa，抗热震稳定性为15次。

Claims (2)

1.一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，其特征在于，以板状刚玉、烧结钛酸铝、致密刚玉为骨料，以板状刚玉细粉、烧结钛酸铝细粉、二氧化钛微粉、α-氧化铝微粉为基质，以氟化铝细粉作为催化剂，经预混、混炼、成型、干燥和烧成，得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料，其具体操作步骤如下：
步骤一，预混，将粒径为3-0.074mm的板状刚玉骨料20-25wt%、粒径为3-0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝骨料20-25wt%、粒径为3-0.074mm的致密刚玉骨料20-25wt%、粒径小于0.074mm的板状刚玉细粉5-10wt%、粒径小于0.074mm的烧结钛酸铝细粉5-10wt%、粒径小于0.045mm的二氧化钛微粉5-10wt%、粒径小于0.045mm的α-氧化铝微粉5-10wt%和粒径小于0.074mm的氟化铝细粉1-5wt%，在混炼机中进行充分混炼，得预混物料；
步骤二，混炼，外加步骤一所得预混物料5-10wt%的水，加入到预混物料中，置于混炼机中继续混炼，得到混炼后的浆料；
步骤三，成型，将混炼后的浆料放入模具中进行成型浇注，待样品在模具中养护24-48小时后脱模，得到物料坯体；
步骤四，干燥，将脱模后的物料坯体于60-80℃下干燥5-10小时，再置于100-150℃的条件下继续干燥24-48小时；
步骤五，烧成，将干燥后的物料坯体于1300-1550℃的烧结窑炉中煅烧2-6小时，随炉自然冷却后取出，即得到具有钛酸铝晶须增强的铝钛质耐火材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸铝晶须增强铝钛质耐火材料，其特征在于，所述步骤五中烧结窑炉为隧道窑、梭式窑、辊道窑、箱式电阻炉中的任一种。
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