CN111018495A - 一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料 - Google Patents

一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料 Download PDF

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CN111018495A
CN111018495A CN201911344880.3A CN201911344880A CN111018495A CN 111018495 A CN111018495 A CN 111018495A CN 201911344880 A CN201911344880 A CN 201911344880A CN 111018495 A CN111018495 A CN 111018495A
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罗旭东
赵嘉亮
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University of Science and Technology Liaoning USTL
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料，其特征在于：将氧化镁粉体和钛酸铝粉体放于球磨机湿磨，得到混合浆料；将混合浆料经干燥和筛分后，得到精细陶瓷粉；将精细陶瓷粉干压成型，得到复相陶瓷坯体；将复相陶瓷坯体置于高温炉中烧结，得到方镁石复相陶瓷材料。本发明方法有效利用钛酸铝膨胀系数低和高温性能好的特点，降低方镁石复相陶瓷材料的热膨胀系数，提高方镁石复相陶瓷材料的烧结性能和抗热震性能。

Description

一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料
技术领域
本发明属于无机化工技术领域，具体涉及一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料。
背景技术
方镁石复相陶瓷材料因具有耐高温、耐冲击、以及耐碱性强等优点，在石油化工，有色金属冶炼，催化剂载体等领域具有重大的应用价值。然而，方镁石复相陶瓷材料因热膨胀系数较大而引发烧结活性差和抗热震性能不佳的问题，导致了它的使用范围受到较大的阻碍。
为了解决这一问题，许多研究人员通过向方镁石中引入二氧化钛、五氧化二钒、稀土金属氧化物等添加剂的方式对其改性。尽管上述添加剂都成功提高了方镁石复相陶瓷材料的烧结性能和抗热震性能，但把二氧化钛添加剂加入到方镁石中，会形成低熔点相，严重影响材料的高温性能，制得试样体积密度为3.32 g/cm3、烧后线收缩率为15.73%、晶粒尺寸为97μm、热震次数为5次；五氧化二钒毒性大，危害身体健康和污染环境，制得试样体积密度为3.40 g/cm3、烧后线收缩率为18.87%、晶粒尺寸为120μm、热震次数为5次；稀土金属氧化成本高，较难实现商业化，掺入氧化钇制得的试样体积密度为3.38 g/cm3、烧后线收缩率为17.31%、晶粒尺寸为114μm、热震次数为6次。钛酸铝因具备非常低的热膨胀系数、优异的抗热震性、以及良好的耐高温性等优点，在玻璃制造业、有色金属铸造、耐火材料等领域中具有广泛应用前景。
发明内容
本发明从添加剂角度出发，提供了一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料，利用钛酸铝热膨胀系数低和耐高温性能好的特点，本发明提供一种钛酸铝增强方镁石陶瓷材料，以克服现有技术存在的缺陷。以氧化镁为原料，以钛酸铝为添加剂，通过固相反应烧结制备方镁石复相陶瓷材料，提高其烧结性能和抗热震性能。
为实现上述目的，本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料，其特征在于，制备步骤如下：
（1）按质量百分比计，将70~95wt%氧化镁粉体（纯度≥98%）和5%~30wt%钛酸铝粉体（纯度≥98%），于球磨机中湿磨2~3.5h，得到混合浆料；
（2）将混合浆料于100~120℃干燥3~6小时后，过200~325目筛，即得到精细陶瓷粉；
（3）将精细陶瓷粉放于模具中，以4~10Mpa干压成型，得到复相陶瓷坯体；
（4）将复相陶瓷坯体置于1400~1500℃高温炉内煅烧3~5h，随炉自然冷却后，即制得方镁石复相陶瓷材料。
所述步骤1中氧化镁粉体粒径为150~100nm，钛酸铝粉体粒径为20~50nm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：1）本发明以氧化镁粉体为原料，以钛酸铝粉体为添加剂，能够形成良好的颗粒级配，在高温烧结过程中，钛酸铝颗粒一方面会填充于氧化镁颗粒间隙，提高方镁石复相陶瓷材料的致密度；另一方面，会分布于氧化镁颗粒晶界处，抑制裂纹扩展，提高方镁石复相陶瓷材料的抗热震性能。2）球磨机湿磨混合方式，有效地提高混合浆料均匀性，颗粒间结合更加紧密，提高方镁石复相陶瓷材料的烧结性能。
附图说明
图1为制备方镁石复相陶瓷材料流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例1
将9.0kg粒径为80nm的氧化镁粉体（纯度≥98%）和1.0kg粒径为30nm的钛酸铝粉体（纯度≥98%），于球磨机中湿磨2h，得到混合浆料；将混合浆料于110℃干燥5小时后，过325目筛，即得到精细陶瓷粉；将精细陶瓷粉放于模具中，以10Mpa干压成型，得到复相陶瓷坯体；将复相陶瓷坯体置于1500℃高温炉内煅烧3h，随炉自然冷却后，即制得方镁石复相陶瓷材料。
按GB/T 2997~2000 测试样的体积密度；按QB/T 1548~1992测试样品烧后线收缩率；在Zeiss~ΣIGMA~HD型扫描电子显微镜下测量试样的晶粒尺寸；抗热震性试验是将试样直接放入1100℃炉膛内保温20 min，取出放在常温循环水中保持3min 后取出自然放置5min。上述过程重复直至试样断裂或出现大的掉块。本实施例制备的方镁石~钛酸铝复相陶瓷材料体积密度为3.51g/cm3，烧后线收缩率为17.07%，晶粒尺寸为125nm，热震次数为8次。
实施例2
将8.3kg粒径为70nm的氧化镁粉体（纯度≥98%）和1.7kg粒径为20nm的钛酸铝粉体（纯度≥98%），于球磨机中湿磨2h，得到混合浆料；将混合浆料于110℃干燥5小时后，过325目筛，即得到精细陶瓷粉；将精细陶瓷粉放于模具中，以10Mpa干压成型，得到复相陶瓷坯体；将复相陶瓷坯体置于1550℃高温炉内煅烧3h，随炉自然冷却后，即制得方镁石复相陶瓷材料。
按GB/T 2997~2000 测试样的体积密度；按QB/T 1548~1992测试样品烧后线收缩率；在Zeiss~ΣIGMA~HD型扫描电子显微镜下测量试样的晶粒尺寸；抗热震性试验是将试样直接放入1100℃炉膛内保温20 min，取出放在常温循环水中保持3min 后取出自然放置5min。上述过程重复直至试样断裂或出现大的掉块。本实施例制备的方镁石~钛酸铝复相陶瓷材料体积密度为3.63g/cm3，烧后线收缩率为20.93%，晶粒尺寸为150nm，热震次数为13次。
实施例3
将7.5kg粒径为65nm的氧化镁粉体（纯度≥98%）和2.5kg粒径为15nm的钛酸铝粉体（纯度≥98%），于球磨机中湿磨2h，得到混合浆料；将混合浆料于110℃干燥5小时后，过325目筛，即得到精细陶瓷粉；将精细陶瓷粉放于模具中，以10Mpa干压成型，得到复相陶瓷坯体；将复相陶瓷坯体置于1600℃高温炉内煅烧4h，随炉自然冷却后，即制得方镁石复相陶瓷材料。
按GB/T 2997~2000 测试样的体积密度；按QB/T 1548~1992测试样品烧后线收缩率；在Zeiss~ΣIGMA~HD型扫描电子显微镜下测量试样的晶粒尺寸；抗热震性试验是将试样直接放入1100℃炉膛内保温20 min，取出放在常温循环水中保持3min 后取出自然放置5min。上述过程重复直至试样断裂或出现大的掉块。本实施例制备的方镁石~钛酸铝复相陶瓷材料体积密度为3.68g/cm3，烧后线收缩率为22.07%，晶粒尺寸为180nm，热震次数为18次。

Claims (2)

1.一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料，其特征在于，制备步骤如下：
（1）按质量百分比计，将70~95wt%纯度≥98%的氧化镁粉体和5%~30wt%纯度≥98%的钛酸铝粉体，于球磨机中湿磨2~3.5h，得到混合浆料；
（2）将混合浆料于100~120℃干燥3~6小时后，过200~325目筛，即得到精细陶瓷粉；
（3）将精细陶瓷粉放于模具中，以4~10Mpa压力干压成型，得到复相陶瓷坯体；
（4）将复相陶瓷坯体置于1400~1500℃高温炉内煅烧3~5h，随炉自然冷却后，即制得方镁石复相陶瓷材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种钛酸铝增强方镁石复相陶瓷材料，其特征在于，所述步骤1中氧化镁粉体粒径为150~100nm，钛酸铝粉体粒径为20~50nm。
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