CN110423179A - A kind of method that soil orients conditioner, preparation method and use soil conditioner plantation alfalfa - Google Patents
A kind of method that soil orients conditioner, preparation method and use soil conditioner plantation alfalfa Download PDFInfo
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- CN110423179A CN110423179A CN201910828932.8A CN201910828932A CN110423179A CN 110423179 A CN110423179 A CN 110423179A CN 201910828932 A CN201910828932 A CN 201910828932A CN 110423179 A CN110423179 A CN 110423179A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of soil orientation conditioner, preparation method and the methods for planting alfalfa using the soil conditioner, belong to agricultural plantation technology field.The soil that the present invention is suitable for salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa orients conditioner, it is made of following components weight percent: desulfurization gypsum powder 25-30%, weathered coal 20-25%, decomposed cow dung 20-25%, nitragin 10-15%, rice straw powder 10-15%, calcium sulfate 5-10%.The characteristics of soil orientation conditioner of the present invention takes into account growth characteristics and the salt-soda soil of alfalfa, simple at being grouped as, each component interaction can not only improve the emergence rate of alfalfa in salt-soda soil, shorten seedling-growing time；The effect of strong sprout can also be played；The yield of current year alfalfa can not only be improved, and has ensured the alfalfa output in the coming year.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of soil orientation conditioner, preparation method and
Use the method for soil conditioner plantation alfalfa.
Background technique
Saline-alkali soil is the general name of solonchak and alkaline earth.Solonchak refers mainly to chloride or the higher salinization soil of sulfate,
Soil is in alkalinity, but pH value is not necessarily very high.Alkaline earth refers to carbonate containing or the phosphatic soil of weight, and pH value is higher, and soil is in
The content of organic matter of alkalinity, saline-alkali soil is few, and soil fertility is low, and physicochemical character is poor, more to the harmful anions and canons of crop, crop
It is not easy to promote seedling.
Saline alkali land area is wide in world wide, according to UNESCO and food and agricultural organization's incomplete statistics, entirely
The area in world salt-soda soil is 9.5 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 99,130,000 hectares, close to 100,000,000 hectares, that is, 1,500,000,000 mu.Its
In, 2.8 hundred million mu of salt-soda soils are to be badly in need of transformation, in this 2.8 hundred million mu of salinization lands, have 1.4 hundred million mu it is red in 1,800,000,000 mu of arable lands
It is 1.4 hundred million mu remaining within line, it is the Unutilized Energy that Ministry of Land and Resources defines.
A kind of good perennial leguminous plant of alfalfa, palatability is good, and it is a kind of good herbage that grass product matter is high；
And there is certain salt tolerant alkali ability, can be planted in slight alkaline land, but growing way and yield are bad.Saline Ground in Xinjiang area
Wide, wherein based on sandyization salt-soda soil, forefathers have done the research of a large amount of soil conditioners in Saline Ground in Xinjiang for Southern Xinjiang,
The soil conditioners such as humic acid, zeolite, desulfurized gypsum product studies salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa, single product
Using effect from the point of view of, desulfurized gypsum behaves oneself best to the emergence rate and output increased of current year plantation alfalfa, but coming year
Alfalfa output does not obtain effective guarantee.Do not have also for alfalfa in salt-soda soil plantation special-purpose soil conditioner product at present
Have, the special-purpose soil conditioner for researching and developing a kind of salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa, and mating salt-soda soil method of administration is needed, to have
Effect improves the survival rate and yield of salt-soda soil alfalfa.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind to be suitable for salt-soda soil plantation purple
The soil orientation conditioner of russian fenugreek herb and the method for using soil conditioner plantation alfalfa, realize that Saline Ground in Xinjiang is big
Area plants alfalfa, plays the effect in improvement salt-soda soil.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of soil orientation conditioner suitable for salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa, by following components weight percent group
At:
Desulfurization gypsum powder 25-30%, weathered coal 20-25%, decomposed cow dung 20-25%, nitragin 10-15%, rice
Straw powder 10-15%, calcium sulfate 5-10%.
Composition used in soil orientation conditioner is relatively easy, prepares simply, and function and effect are obvious.Desulfurization gypsum powder
Effect: the calcium ion in desulfurized gypsum can be replaced with the exchangeable calcium ion in alkaline land soil, reduce soil alkali
Property；The effect of weathered coal: weathered coal can improve alkaline land soil structure, increase soil permeability, be conducive to soil salt dtex
It is not the removing of sodium ion, while also reduces the value of potassium, sodium ion and calcium and magnesium ion, enhancing soil water storage protects dike ability, mentions
High nutrition elements fed is horizontal；The effect of decomposed cow dung: the content of organic matter is high, is conducive to increase soil fertility, improves soil knot
Structure and raising soil microbial activities, a great number of elements nutrition is rich in crops comprehensively needed for and microelement and microorganism hair
A large amount of physiological activators are generated during ferment, can promote crop growth；The effect of nitragin: it is capable of fixing in air
Nitrogen, provide a large amount of nitrogenous fertilizer for host plant, to achieve the purpose that volume increase, do not planting green manure or new clearage kind for many years
Rhizobium Inoculation when planting leguminous green manure, can ensure that leguminous green manure well-grown；Rice straw powder: being used for microorganism decomposition, improves
Soil organic matter content increases soil permeability；Potassium sulfate effect: the effect of potassium sulfate: potassium sulfate is physiologically acid salt, application
Soil pH can be reduced in basic soil, it is indispensable important fertilizer.
On the basis of above scheme, it is described suitable for salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa soil orient conditioner, by with
Lower component weight percent composition: desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung 20%, nitragin 10%, water
Rice straw powder 15%, calcium sulfate 10%.
Using above-mentioned soil orientation conditioner in the method for salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa, steps are as follows:
(1) salt-soda soil weeding
15-20 days before rotary tillage soil-working, the herbicide spraying when fine day is calm sprays uniformly 1 mu of 0.5 bottle of ground (weeding
Agent is 2 first glyphosates, including 4 chlorine isopropyl amine salt of 2 first glyphosate isopropyl amine salts 43.5%, glyphosate isopropyl amine salt 41% and 2 first
2.5%, every bottle of 500g)；
(2) capping salt is struck off
Saline Ground in Xinjiang surface layer generally will form surface salt crust, and salt alkali content is high, and before rotary tillage, application bull-dozer removes table
Face salt crust, depth 10-15cm；
(3) rotary tillage soil
After removing surface salt deposit, rotary cultivator rotary tillage soil, rotary tillage depth 20-25cm, ground does not have large clod, soil crushing
Uniformly；
(4) application soil orients conditioner
After soil rotary tillage, application fertilizer distributor spreads fertilizer over the fields soil and orients conditioner 50-60kg/ mus；
(5) rotary tillage soil again
After having applied soil orientation conditioner, rotary tillage is carried out with rotary cultivator again, soil orientation conditioner rotary tillage is buried,
Rotary tillage depth 20-25cm, rotary tillage are uniform；
(6) ferti-seeding
Soil orients after conditioner rotary tillage 2-3 days, carries out alfalfa ferti-seeding, per acre application rate 1.5-2kg, line-spacing
25-30cm, depth of planting 2-3cm；20-25kg/ mus of dose of compound fertilizer (ternary compound fertilizer 15-15-15).
The advantages of technical solution of the present invention:
The characteristics of soil orientation conditioner of the invention takes into account growth characteristics and the salt-soda soil of alfalfa, at being grouped as letter
Single, each component interaction can not only improve the emergence rate of alfalfa in salt-soda soil, shorten seedling-growing time；It can also play
The effect of strong sprout；Alfalfa Growing is carried out using soil of the present invention orientation conditioner, alfalfa grows fine, the numerous leaf of branch
Cyclopentadienyl can more adapt to grow in salt-soda soil, and hay yield significantly improves；In addition, using the plantation side of alfalfa of the present invention
Method, can not only improve the yield of current year alfalfa, and ensure the alfalfa output in the coming year.
Specific embodiment
Term as used in the present invention generally has those of ordinary skill in the art usual unless otherwise specified
The meaning of understanding.
Combined with specific embodiments below, and referring to the data further detailed description present invention.Following embodiment only be
It illustrates the present invention, rather than limits the scope of the invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
Proportion one: desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 25%, decomposed cow dung 20%, nitragin 10%, rice straw powder
10%, calcium sulfate 10%；
Proportion two: desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung 20%, nitragin 10%, rice straw powder
15%, calcium sulfate 10%；
Proportion three: desulfurization gypsum powder 30%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung 20%, nitragin 10%, rice straw powder
10%, calcium sulfate 10%；
Proportion four: desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung 20%, nitragin 15%, rice straw powder
15%, calcium sulfate 5%；
Proportion five: desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung 25%, nitragin 10%, rice straw powder
15%, calcium sulfate 5%；
The preparation method of soil orientation conditioner: ground sundries is removed in the spacious smooth region of selection, and surface spreads one layer of modeling
Expect film, each component is mixed, is stirred, guarantees to mix well.
Planting alfalfa using the soil orientation conditioner of said ratio one to proportion four, the results are shown in Table 1:
Influence of 1 different ratio of table to Alfalfa Growing
Conditioner is oriented to the soil of different ratio after comparison, it was found that, proportion two is shorter on seedling-growing time, is conducive to
Seedling；Emergence rate is higher, and the Herbage harvest of current year is higher, and the hay yield in the coming year is also highest；Later period is to match two as research
Object.
Embodiment 2. is in Saline Ground in Xinjiang salt content 3.5 ‰, the salt-soda soil that pH is 8.4
Experimental group operation is as follows: planting soil is sand, and 15 days before rotary tillage soil-working, herbicide spraying glyphosate is wanted
It asks and is sprayed when fine day is calm, sprayed uniformly, 1 mu of 0.5 bottle of ground；Before rotary tillage, application bull-dozer removes surface salt crust, depth
10cm；After removing surface salt deposit, rotary cultivator rotary tillage soil, rotary tillage depth 25cm are applied, ground does not have large clod, and soil crushes equal
It is even；After soil rotary tillage, application fertilizer distributor spreads fertilizer over the fields soil orientation conditioner (desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung
20%, nitragin 10%, rice straw powder 15%, calcium sulfate 10%) 50kg/ mus；After having applied soil orientation conditioner, then
Secondary application rotary cultivator carries out rotary tillage, soil orientation conditioner rotary tillage is buried, it is desirable that rotary tillage depth 20cm, rotary tillage are uniform；Soil
2 days after orientation conditioner rotary tillage, alfalfa ferti-seeding is carried out, per acre application rate 2kg, line-spacing 30cm, depth of planting 3cm；
The compound fertilizer that 25kg/ mus of dose.
Control group operation: before application soil orientation conditioner, rotary tillage is carried out again without soil rotary tillage, after application and is entered
Soil, other operating methods are identical.Test result such as table 2.
Influence of the different implantation methods of table 2 to the growth performance of alfalfa
Embodiment 3. is in Saline Ground in Xinjiang salt content 3.8 ‰, the salt-soda soil that pH is 8.1.
Experimental group operation is as follows: planting soil is sand, and 18 days before rotary tillage soil-working, herbicide spraying glyphosate is wanted
It asks and is sprayed when fine day is calm, sprayed uniformly, 1 mu of 0.5 bottle of ground；Before rotary tillage, application bull-dozer removes surface salt crust, depth
12cm；After removing surface salt deposit, rotary cultivator rotary tillage soil, rotary tillage depth 20cm are applied, ground does not have large clod, and soil crushes equal
It is even；After soil rotary tillage, application fertilizer distributor spreads fertilizer over the fields soil orientation conditioner (desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung
20%, nitragin 10%, rice straw powder 15%, calcium sulfate 10%) 60kg/ mus；After having applied soil orientation conditioner, then
Secondary application rotary cultivator carries out rotary tillage, soil orientation conditioner rotary tillage is buried, it is desirable that rotary tillage depth 20cm, rotary tillage are uniform；Soil
2 days after orientation conditioner rotary tillage, alfalfa ferti-seeding is carried out, per acre application rate 1.5kg, line-spacing 30cm, depth of planting
3cm；The compound fertilizer that 20kg/ mus of dose.
Control group operation: before application soil orientation conditioner, rotary tillage is carried out again without soil rotary tillage, after application and is entered
Soil, other operating methods are identical.Test result such as table 3.
Influence of the different implantation methods of table 3 to the growth performance of alfalfa
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, being not that the invention has other forms of limitations, appoint
What those skilled in the art changed or be modified as possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above equivalent variations etc.
Imitate embodiment.But without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the invention to above embodiments institute
Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling made, still fall within the protection scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of soil suitable for salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa orients conditioner, it is characterised in that: by following components by weight
Measure percentage composition:
Desulfurization gypsum powder 25-30%, weathered coal 20-25%, decomposed cow dung 20-25%, nitragin 10-15%, rice straw
Powder 10-15%, calcium sulfate 5-10%.
2. the soil for being suitable for salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa according to claim 1 orients conditioner, it is characterised in that: by
Following components weight percent composition: desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung 20%, nitragin 10%,
Rice straw powder 15%, calcium sulfate 10%.
3. a kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps:
(1) salt-soda soil weeding；
(2) capping salt is struck off；
(3) rotary tillage soil；
(4) application soil orients conditioner；
(5) rotary tillage soil again；
(6) ferti-seeding；
The soil orientation conditioner of step (4) application is made of following components weight percent:
Desulfurization gypsum powder 25-30%, weathered coal 20-25%, decomposed cow dung 20-25%, nitragin 10-15%, rice straw
Powder 10-15%, calcium sulfate 5-10%.
4. the method for salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step (4) application
Soil orientation conditioner is made of following components weight percent:
Desulfurization gypsum powder 25%, weathered coal 20%, decomposed cow dung 20%, nitragin 10%, rice straw powder 15%, calcium sulfate
10%.
5. according to the method for the salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa of claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the step (4) uses
The mode of spreading fertilizer over the fields applies soil orientation conditioner, and the usage amount that soil orients conditioner is 50-60kg/ mus.
6. the method for salt-soda soil plantation alfalfa according to claim 5, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
(1) salt-soda soil weeding
15-20 days before rotary tillage soil-working, the herbicide spraying when fine day is calm is sprayed uniformly, 1 mu of 0.5 bottle of ground；
(2) capping salt is struck off
Before rotary tillage, application bull-dozer removes surface salt crust, depth 10-15cm；
(3) rotary tillage soil
After removing surface salt deposit, rotary cultivator rotary tillage soil, rotary tillage depth 20-25cm, ground do not have a large clod, and soil crushes equal
It is even；
(4) application soil orients conditioner
Soil orientation conditioner is applied using the mode of spreading fertilizer over the fields, the usage amount that soil orients conditioner is 50-60kg/ mus；
(5) rotary tillage soil again
After having applied soil orientation conditioner, rotary tillage is carried out with rotary cultivator again, soil orientation conditioner rotary tillage is buried, rotary tillage
Depth 20-25cm, rotary tillage are uniform；
(6) ferti-seeding
Soil orients after conditioner rotary tillage 2-3 days, carries out alfalfa ferti-seeding, per acre application rate 1.5-2kg, line-spacing 25-
30cm, depth of planting 2-3cm；The compound fertilizer that 20-25kg/ mus of dose.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110896698A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-03-24 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for improving beach bathing daub land into rice field |
| CN111034562A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for improving and planting rice in saline-alkali soil |
| CN111073657A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-04-28 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Soil conditioner for northeast soda saline-alkali soil, preparation method of soil conditioner and method for planting spring wheat by using soil conditioner |
| CN112088738A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-18 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for planting rice in high and cold saline-alkali soil |
| CN112210387A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-12 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Soil directional conditioner special for saline-alkali soil cotton and method for planting cotton in saline-alkali soil |
| CN112210386A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-12 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Soil directional conditioner special for saline-alkali soil castor planting and method for saline-alkali soil castor planting |
| CN112400638A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-26 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | High-yield cultivation method for rice in saline-alkali soil |
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| CN112088738A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-12-18 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for planting rice in high and cold saline-alkali soil |
| CN112210387A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-12 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Soil directional conditioner special for saline-alkali soil cotton and method for planting cotton in saline-alkali soil |
| CN112210386A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-12 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Soil directional conditioner special for saline-alkali soil castor planting and method for saline-alkali soil castor planting |
| CN112400638A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-26 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | High-yield cultivation method for rice in saline-alkali soil |
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