CN110410244A - 具有一体化的水喷射喷嘴的进气歧管 - Google Patents

具有一体化的水喷射喷嘴的进气歧管 Download PDF

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CN110410244A
CN110410244A CN201910316128.1A CN201910316128A CN110410244A CN 110410244 A CN110410244 A CN 110410244A CN 201910316128 A CN201910316128 A CN 201910316128A CN 110410244 A CN110410244 A CN 110410244A
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inlet manifold
water
combustion engine
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M·斯文松
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Volvo Car Corp
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/025Adding water
    • F02M25/028Adding water into the charge intakes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02B47/00Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
    • F02B47/02Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02CGAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/30Adding water, steam or other fluids for influencing combustion, e.g. to obtain cleaner exhaust gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0221Details of the water supply system, e.g. pumps or arrangement of valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10314Materials for intake systems
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    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
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    • F02M35/00Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104Intake manifolds
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    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/12Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with non-fuel substances or with anti-knock agents, e.g. with anti-knock fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
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    • F02M35/10Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10373Sensors for intake systems
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Abstract

用于内燃机的进气歧管,该进气歧管包括连接到内腔的至少一个进气开口,以及连接到该内腔的多个出口管道,其中每个出口管道设置有适于与内燃机的气缸盖密封连接的出口开口,其中该进气歧管以塑料材料注射成型,其中该进气歧管包括模制到该进气歧管中的至少一个水喷射喷嘴。本发明的优点是提供了一种用于内燃机的具有成本效益的水喷射系统。

Description

具有一体化的水喷射喷嘴的进气歧管
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的进气歧管,其中该进气歧管包括模制到该进气歧管中的水喷射喷嘴。
背景技术
在使用以例如汽油运行的火花点火式内燃机的车辆中,将水喷射到用于气缸的进气中是已知的。可以喷射水以取代燃料富集、减少爆震(knock)和/或降低进气温度。喷射的水可用于减少有害排放和/或增加内燃机的功率输出。可以在空气入口处通过单个水喷射喷嘴将水喷射到进气歧管,使得喷射的水是到内燃机的进气的一部分,或者可以通过分开的水喷射喷嘴靠近每个气缸的入口阀喷射水,其中靠近每个入口阀布置一个水喷射喷嘴。
通常通过布置在车辆的进气歧管中的水喷射喷嘴来喷射水,在这种情况下水喷射喷嘴被安装在进气歧管的壁中的通孔中,使得水喷射喷嘴的出口开口定位在进气歧管的空气通道中。水从水箱供应并通过压力泵前进到水喷射喷嘴,该压力泵向水喷射喷嘴供应经加压的水。水喷射喷嘴通常设置有开闭机构,例如电磁阀,该开闭机构在要喷射水时打开。
一个或更多水喷射喷嘴被安装到进气歧管壁中的进气歧管通孔。到水喷射喷嘴的水是从压力泵通过水管来供应的。这种解决方案要求若干部件和发动机舱中的空间,并且为了安装可能是耗时的。因此存在改进的空间。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种改进的进气歧管,其包括模制到该进气歧管中的水喷射喷嘴。本发明的进一步目的是提供一种包括这种进气歧管的内燃机。本发明的又一个目的是提供一种包括这种进气歧管的车辆。
根据本发明的针对问题的解决方案在关于进气歧管的权利要求1、关于内燃机的权利要求10中以及关于车辆的权利要求11中的特征部分中描述。其他权利要求包含本发明的进气歧管的有利的进一步发展。
在用于内燃机的进气歧管中,该进气歧管包括连接到内腔的至少一个进气开口,并且包括连接到内腔的多个出口管道,在这种情况下,每个出口管道设置有适于与内燃机的气缸盖密封连接的出口开口,其中进气歧管以塑料材料注射成型,本发明的目的被实现,因为进气歧管包括模制到该进气歧管中的至少一个水喷射喷嘴。
通过根据本发明的进气歧管的该第一实施例,提供了一种进气歧管,其包括模制到该进气歧管中的嵌入式水喷射喷嘴。进气歧管嵌入式水喷射喷嘴允许用于内燃机的水喷射系统的容易且具有成本效益的安装。水喷射喷嘴可以以这种方式定位在预定位置,并且还有可能使用非对称的水喷射喷嘴,所述非对称的水喷射喷嘴可以在期望的喷洒方向上定位而没有手动组装期间未对准的风险。
进气歧管还优选地包括一体化的第一水导管,该第一水导管将水引导至水喷射喷嘴。水导管优选地一体化在进气歧管的壁中。进气歧管还可包括适于保持水喷射阀的嵌入式水喷射阀接口。水喷射阀接口优选地也在注射成型过程期间模制到进气歧管中,并且然后可以在启动成型过程之前将水喷射阀接口定位在预定的且期望的位置。水喷射阀例如通过螺纹或保持装置安装在水喷射阀接口中。进气歧管还可包括一体化在进气歧管中的第二水导管,该第二水导管将水喷射阀连接到向水喷射喷嘴供应经加压的水的水泵。
附图说明
下面将参考附图对本发明进行更详细地描述,其中:
图1示出了根据本发明的进气歧管的第一示例,
图2示出了根据本发明的进气歧管的第二示例,
图3示出了根据本发明的进气歧管的第三示例,
图4示出了根据本发明的进气歧管的剖视图,并且
图5示出了包括根据本发明的进气歧管的车辆。
具体实施方式
在下面描述的本发明的具有进一步发展的各实施例仅被视为示例,并且决不限制由专利权利要求所提供的保护的范围。
图1至图4示出了进气歧管1的示例,其包括至少一个嵌入式水喷射喷嘴。图5示出了包括进气歧管的车辆。
进气歧管1适于接收来自空气过滤器的进气并将其分配到内燃机。进气歧管还可包括其他部件,例如空气冷却器或废气再循环系统。在一些发动机中,进气歧管中还包括一个或更多燃料喷射器。为此,进气歧管1包括进气开口2,该进气开口2通过空气导管被连接到例如空气过滤器。进气开口2通向进气歧管的内腔3,该内腔3通常类似于在内燃机长度的至少一部分上延伸的较大的管,对于直的内燃机尤是如此。内腔终止于多个出口管道4,该出口管道4适于将来自内腔的空气引导至内燃机的入口端口。在四缸内燃机中,内腔可以终止于两个中间出口管道(如图2所示),在这种情况下每个中间出口管道将终止于两个分开的出口管道,或者内腔可以直接终止于四个分开的出口管道(如图1所示)。每个出口管道终止于出口开口5,该出口开口5适于被连接到气缸盖的入口端口,靠近气缸的入口阀。
进气歧管由塑料材料制造。在现代车辆中,进气歧管通常通过对塑料材料进行注射成型来制造。塑料材料优选是包含增强纤维的复合塑料材料。注射成型将允许进气歧管的各种腔和管道的容易且可靠的形成。进气歧管可以制造为单个部件或者可以由若干部件组装而成。
在所示的进气歧管中,在进气歧管的塑料材料中嵌入一个或更多水喷射喷嘴6。水喷射喷嘴在成型之前定位在模具中,并且在进气歧管的注射成型期间嵌入进气歧管的壁中。以这种方式,水喷射喷嘴以牢固且气密的方式安装,具有正确的对准和喷洒方向。进气歧管将还包括第一水导管7,该第一水导管7在水喷射喷嘴处终止。第一水导管7适于向水喷射喷嘴供应经加压的水并且被连接到水泵。水泵将能够提供例如在10-14bar的范围内的合适压力。第一水导管7也一体化在进气歧管中并且在注射成型过程中形成。
图1示出了包括单个水喷射喷嘴6的进气歧管1的示例。在此,水喷射喷嘴靠近进气开口2定位使得水喷雾将能够在空气/水喷雾混合物前进到四个分开的出口管道4之前在内腔中混合。
图2示出了包括两个中间出口管道的进气歧管1的示例,在这种情况下每个中间出口管道包括水喷射喷嘴6。每个中间出口管道分叉成两个分开的出口管道4。在空气/水喷雾混合物进入两个出口管道之前,喷射的水将与中间出口管道中的空气混合。
图3示出了进气歧管1的示例,其中内腔终止于四个分开的出口管道。每个出口管道4设置有水喷射喷嘴6。在此,水喷射喷嘴定位成靠近每个出口管道的出口开口5,靠近内燃机的进气阀。
进气歧管中水喷射喷嘴的数量和位置适应于内燃机的各种要求和规格。一些内燃机使用水喷射用于提高内燃机的功率输出,并且在这种情况下,水喷射位置可以进一步远离内燃机的进气口定位以在进入燃烧室之前降低进气温度。以这种方式,喷射的水用于在进入燃烧室之前降低进气的温度,并且水喷射喷嘴可以布置成更靠近进气歧管的进气口。一些内燃机使用水喷射以通过取代燃料富集来提高燃料效率和/或以减少爆震。在这种情况下,可以更靠近内燃机的进气口执行水喷射,并且水喷射喷嘴可以定位成更靠近内燃机的进气口,靠近进气阀。
图4示出了进气歧管1的剖视图。出口管道4的出口开口5被连接到内燃机的气缸盖17的入口端口19。在此,水喷射喷嘴6嵌入出口管道4的壁中,靠近出口开口5。这允许当进气阀16打开时将水喷射到燃烧室18中。水喷射喷嘴6通过第一水导管7连接到水喷射阀接口8。水喷射阀接口8也嵌入出口管道的壁中,并且可以例如包括带螺纹的构件。在水喷射阀接口8中安装有喷射阀9。喷射阀9优选地是电控喷射阀。喷射阀将打开或关闭第一水导管7以便将水喷射到内燃机的进气口中。喷射阀9优选地布置成相对靠近水喷射喷嘴6。
第二水导管10将喷射阀连接到水泵11。第二水导管优选地也一体化在进气歧管的本体中,例如一体化在进气歧管的壁中。用于水泵的接口也可以嵌入进气歧管的本体中。由于仅要求一个水泵,所以水泵可以良好地布置在进气歧管的外部。在包括多于一个水喷射喷嘴的进气歧管中,第二水导管可以分岔,使得一个水导管通向各个喷射阀。通过将所有水导管与水喷射喷嘴和用于喷射阀的接口一起一体化在进气歧管本体中,获得了比常规解决方案要求更少部件的具有成本效益的解决方案。
在所示的示例中,进气歧管设置有嵌入式喷射阀接口8,该喷射阀接口8适于保持水喷射阀9。水喷射阀优选地是开/关阀,例如适于打开和关闭通向水喷射喷嘴6的水导管7的机电电磁阀。喷射阀接口8适配于要使用的喷射阀9。喷射阀接口可以例如包括均连接到阀的水入口和水出口,在这种情况下喷射阀使用内置阀座用于打开和关闭对水喷射喷嘴的水供应。该接口也可以包括阀座,喷射阀抵靠该阀座打开和关闭对水喷射喷嘴的水供应。该接口可以仅形成在进气歧管的塑料材料中或者可以包括适于喷射阀的安装的金属插入件,例如带螺纹的部件。
在所示的示例中,进气歧管包括适于从水泵11供应水的第二水导管10。将用于水泵的接口嵌入进气歧管中会是可能的。水泵通过喷射阀向水喷射喷嘴供应经加压的水。通过使第二水导管一体化在进气歧管中,从水泵到水入口到进气歧管仅须完成一个水连接。通过使从水泵通向喷射阀的第二水导管一体化,简化了水喷射系统的组装,因为使用了更少的部件并且因为必须完成更少的连接。此外,减少了对于发动机舱中的水喷射系统的空间要求。
水泵从水箱14抽水用于水喷射系统。水泵可以布置在水箱中或者可以布置在水箱外部。
图5示出了包括内燃机31的车辆30,该内燃机31包括根据本发明的进气歧管1。该内燃机是火花点火式汽油发动机,其可以用涡轮或增压器增压。
本发明不应被视为限于上述各实施例,在随后的专利权利要求的范围内许多另外的变型和修改是可能的。
附图标记
1:进气歧管
2:进气开口
3:内腔
4:出口管道
5:出口开口
6:水喷射喷嘴
7:第一水导管
8:水喷射阀接口
9:喷射阀
10:第二水导管
11:水泵
12:出口管道壁
13:第三水导管
14:水箱
15:本体
16:进气阀
17:气缸盖
18:燃烧室
19:入口端口
30:车辆
31:内燃机

Claims (11)

1.用于内燃机的进气歧管(1),所述进气歧管(1)包括连接到内腔(3)的至少一个进气开口(2),并且包括连接到所述内腔(3)的多个出口管道(4),其中每个出口管道(4)设置有适于与内燃机的气缸盖密封连接的出口开口(5),其中所述进气歧管(1)以塑料材料注射成型,其中所述进气歧管(1)包括模制到所述进气歧管(1)中的至少一个水喷射喷嘴(6)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的进气歧管,其中所述水喷射喷嘴(6)由金属制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的进气歧管,其中所述进气歧管(1)还包括一体化在所述进气歧管(1)的本体(15)中的第一水导管(7),其中所述第一水导管(7)被连接到所述水喷射喷嘴(6)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的进气歧管,其中所述进气歧管(1)包括布置在所述内腔(3)中的单个水喷射喷嘴(6)。
5.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的进气歧管,其中每个出口管道(4)包括水喷射喷嘴(6)。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的进气歧管,其中所述进气歧管还包括适于保持水喷射阀(9)的至少一个水喷射阀接口(8)。
7.根据权利要求3至6中任一项所述的进气歧管,其中所述进气歧管还包括一体化在所述进气歧管(1)的本体(15)中的第二水导管(10),所述第二水管道(10)被连接到所述水喷射阀接口(8)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的进气歧管,其中所述第二水导管(10)被连接到适于保持水泵的接口。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的进气歧管,其中所述进气歧管由彼此组装的至少两个单独的部件制成。
10.内燃机,其中所述内燃机(31)包括根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的进气歧管(1)。
11.车辆,其中所述车辆(30)包括根据权利要求10所述的内燃机(31)。
CN201910316128.1A 2018-04-26 2019-04-19 具有一体化的水喷射喷嘴的进气歧管 Pending CN110410244A (zh)

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