CN110402851B - Method for breeding cuttlefish with tiger spot - Google Patents
Method for breeding cuttlefish with tiger spot Download PDFInfo
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- CN110402851B CN110402851B CN201910801165.1A CN201910801165A CN110402851B CN 110402851 B CN110402851 B CN 110402851B CN 201910801165 A CN201910801165 A CN 201910801165A CN 110402851 B CN110402851 B CN 110402851B
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/189—Enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of cuttlefish seedling culture and breeding, in particular to a method for culturing tiger spot cuttlefish seedlings, which comprises the following steps: 1) building a spawning culture pond; 2) optimizing a spawning culture pond; 3) putting the parent of the cuttlefish with tiger spot; 4) performing intensive culture; 5) egg collection; 6) hatching; 7) seedling raising; during the intensive culture, the white croaker or the minnow containing the additive capable of improving the reproductive performance of the parent fish of the tiger spot cuttlefish is used as bait, during the incubation, the water level is controlled to rise and fall so as to simulate the water pressure change of sea tide rising and ebb, the incubation is carried out, and during the seedling culture, the seedlings are fed to the culture stage according to the bait series of artemia nauplius → copepoda → live mysorethorn mysorethnopsis → dead mysorethnopsis. The method is beneficial to accelerating the maturation of the gonad of a parent, improving the gonad development process, shortening the spawning period, obviously improving the hatching rate of fertilized eggs and the robustness of cuttlefish larvae, reducing the number of dead eggs and dead seedlings, improving the seedling raising efficiency and increasing the economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cuttlefish seedling culture and breeding, in particular to a method for culturing tiger spot cuttlefish seedlings.
Background
Sepiella maindroni, Cephalopoda, Sepiidae. Shield shape of the trunk. The length of the carcass is 2 times of the width of the carcass. The back of the body has a plurality of tiger spots. The skeg is wider, has a maximum width slightly less than 1/4 of the skeg width, is positioned at the whole edges of two sides of the skeg part, and is separated at the rear end. The length of the scapula without handle is generally 4321, the sucking disc is 4 rows, and the cutin ring has no teeth. The fourth left carpal stalk of the male. The ear-touching sickle shape has 5-6 rows of suckers with different sizes, wherein 3-4 of the suckers are extra large, and the cutin ring has no teeth. The inner shell is oval. Maximum carcass length 0.43m and maximum body weight 5kg were recorded. Distributed in the coastal waters of the northwest pacific ocean and the north indian ocean. The major operating fisheries are in the south sea, the indian ocean coastal and the gulf waters of martine. The annual maximum yield exceeds 1 million tons, and the fresh food is mainly eaten.
Since the 80 s of the 20 th century, many scholars conducted a great deal of basic research on the biological characteristics of sepia huwensis, the distribution of fishery, resources and ecological environment, breeding biology, proliferation and other aspects, and accumulated beneficial experience for artificial breeding. In the beginning of the 21 st century, the difficulty of artificial breeding of the tiger spot cuttlefish is broken through. But the industrialization of the cuttlefish breeding is not realized at present because a large-scale seedling raising technology is not formed. Therefore, the research of the scale full-artificial breeding technology of the sepia tiger is developed, the scale full-artificial breeding technology process is established, enough seeds are provided for breeding the sepia tiger, and the method has important significance and wide prospect for accelerating the promotion of the industrialization process of breeding the sepia tiger.
The above background disclosure is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention, and does not necessarily belong to the prior art of the present patent application, and should not be used for evaluating the novelty and inventive step of the present application in the case that there is no clear evidence that the above content is disclosed at the filing date of the present patent application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for breeding tiger spot cuttlefish, which can optimize the breeding steps of tiger spot cuttlefish parents, perform intensive culture on the parents, simulate the natural environment to hatch fertilized eggs, and feed cuttlefish larvae with different bait series, is favorable for accelerating the gonad maturation of the parents, improving the gonad development process, shortening the spawning period, remarkably improving the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs and the robustness of the cuttlefish larvae, reducing the number of dead eggs and dead larvae, improving the breeding efficiency and increasing the economic benefit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows:
a method for breeding sepia pharaonis specifically comprises the following steps:
1) building a spawning culture pond: building a semi-buried cement spawning culture pond, wherein the specification is 9-10 m multiplied by 4-5 m multiplied by 1.5-1.8 m, the bottom and the surface of the pond are smooth, an oxygenation, temperature control, pollution discharge and water treatment device is arranged, the bottom of the pond inclines to a drain hole by a gradient of 5%, potassium permanganate is used for disinfection, and the illumination intensity of the culture pond is controlled to be 210-240 Lux; the semi-buried cement spawning culture pond with an oxygen, temperature and water control device is used as a parent optimization and strengthening culture pond and a spawning pond, so that the reproduction regulation and control of the parent are facilitated, the quantity and quality of high-quality parents are improved, the spawning amount is increased, the gonad maturity of the parent is regulated and controlled, the gonad development process and spawning time of the parent are manually intervened and controlled, controllable annual continuous spawning is realized, and the purpose of multi-season large-scale full-artificial seedling culture can be achieved;
2) optimizing a spawning culture pond: the bottom of the spawning culture pond is 1/m2Arranging an egg-attaching net, wherein the egg-attaching net has a mesh of 20-30 mm, is fixed at a position 10-15 mm above the bottom of the pond, is used for filling culture seawater to a depth of 1.2-1.5 m and aerating oxygen at the bottom of the culture pond to keep DO above 7 mg/mL; the egg-attaching net which is fixedly arranged is used as an egg laying and taking carrier, so that egg grains are effectively prevented from being stacked at the bottom of the pond, fertilized eggs are directly moved away together with the egg-attaching net integrally during collection, the stress stimulation to the parent of the tiger spot cuttlefish is reduced, and mutual killing of the cuttlefish such as collision, biting and the like is avoided;
3) putting the parent of the cuttlefish: selecting adult strong trauma-free and full-bodied cuttlefish as parent, wherein the male-female ratio is 2:1, and the breeding density is controlled to be 2-2.5/m2(ii) a The method has the advantages that high-quality parents are selected for artificial intervention reproduction control, the density, the bait specification and the feeding amount of the tiger spot cuttlefishes are controlled, mutual killing of the tiger spot cuttlefishes in the culture process is reduced, the tiger spot cuttlefishes can lay eggs more quickly and more, the spawning rate and the hatching amount are improved, and the method has better economic advantages;
4) and (3) reinforced culture: performing intensive culture on the parent 1 month before spawning, and feeding the albiflora or minnow every day at 8: 00-10: 00 am, wherein the albiflora or minnow contains 0.5-0.8% of fish body weight in vivo and an additive capable of improving reproductive performance of the parent fish of the sepia tiger, and the additive contains hypotaurine and curcumin monophosphate monopotassium salt; feeding fresh shrimps or clamworms at 16: 00-18: 00 in the afternoon, wherein the fresh shrimps or clamworms are uniformly mixed with diatoms and green algae; feeding for 7-10 days in a way of not competing for food, and then gradually increasing the weight of the parent to 8-10 percent; the additive capable of improving reproductive performance of parent fishes of tiger spot cuttlefish and the fresh shrimps or clamworms doped with diatoms and green algae are alternately and intensively fed to the parent bodies of cuttlefish, so that gonad maturity of the parent bodies is accelerated, mating times of the parent bodies are improved, egg laying speed and egg laying amount of the parent bodies are improved, in addition, hypotaurine and curcumin monophosphate monopotassium salt in the additive in the spotted maigre or minnow bodies can further improve quality of fertilized eggs laid by the parent bodies of cuttlefish, hatching rate of the fertilized eggs and robustness of hatched cuttlefish larvae are obviously improved, number of dead eggs and dead seedlings is reduced, seedling raising efficiency is improved, and economic benefit is increased;
5) egg collection: collecting eggs after 1 month of feeding, taking out fertilized eggs after the fertilized eggs are filled with egg-attached net cloth, sterilizing, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation pool, and simultaneously replacing the egg-attached net; egg granules are effectively prevented from being stacked at the bottom of the pond, the fertilized eggs are directly removed together with the egg-attached net when being collected, and the stress stimulation to the parent of the sepia tiger is reduced by replacing the egg-attached net for egg collection;
6) hatching: placing the egg-attached net fully covered with fertilized eggs in a nursery pond with the thickness of 9m multiplied by 4m multiplied by 1.5m for hatching, wherein the hatching density is 12000-15000 granules/m2(ii) a Controlling the water level to rise and fall so as to simulate the water pressure change of sea tide rising and tide falling, and adopting a pool bottom micro-inflation mode to incubate; the water pressure change of the sea tide rising and ebbing is simulated at least twice every day, so that fertilized eggs can feel the rise and fall of the water level, the environment for the tiger spot cuttlefish to lay eggs in nature is simulated for hatching, the hatching of the tiger spot cuttlefish seedlings and the capability of adapting to the environment are facilitated, and the survival rate of the tiger spot cuttlefish seedlings is improved;
7) seedling culture: stocking the primarily hatched larvae into a seedling pool, controlling the salinity of the seedling pool to be 23-30 per thousand, the pH value to be 7.8-8.0 or so, the ammonia nitrogen to be below 0.01mg/L and OD6mg/mL or above, controlling the illumination intensity to be 1000-2000 Lux, avoiding direct irradiation of sunlight, and preferably uniformly diffusing light; feeding according to a bait series of artemia nauplii → copepods → live mysidae shrimps → dead mysidae shrimps, and when the larvae are completely adapted and can eat the dead bait, emergence of seedlings can be realized, and the feeding stage is started; through feeding with a series of baits, the larva gradually completes the bait adaptation process from artemia larva to copepods to live mysidae and finally to dead mysidae, stress stimulation caused by incapability of adapting the larva of the cuttlefish due to sudden bait conversion is avoided, the larva immunity and survival rate are obviously improved, and the breeding income is increased.
According to the method, the spawning culture pond is optimized, parents are subjected to intensive culture, eggs are efficiently collected, the natural tide rising and tide falling are simulated to hatch, and the cuttlefish fries are gradually fed by the series of baits, so that the high-efficiency and high-survival-rate breeding of the tiger spot cuttlefish can be realized, the spawning amount and the fertilized egg quality of the parents are remarkably improved, the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs and the individual quality of the cuttlefish fries are obviously superior to those of a common tiger spot cuttlefish breeding method, the breeding method is simple and easy to implement, the spawning culture pond, the breeding pond, the egg-attached net and the like can be repeatedly used, and the breeding cost can be controlled.
Preferably, the amount of potassium permanganate used in the sterilization in step 1) is 5g/m3And (5) breeding water.
Preferably, the illumination intensity of the culture pond in the step 1) can be controlled by arranging a transparent plastic skylight matched with shading cloth above the culture pond, arranging a shading net above the culture pond or using a fluorescent lamp to provide illumination in a fully closed state.
Preferably, the egg-adhering net in the step 2) is a net-shaped egg-adhering net formed by binding a 20-30 mm polyethylene net on a 30cm × 40cm plastic frame.
Preferably, the culture seawater of step 2) is pre-treated as follows before being poured into the culture pond: the seawater is taken from a pollution-free sea area, is precipitated in a dark room, is filtered by sand, is sterilized by ozone, is filtered by a 300-mesh net bag, is adjusted to the temperature of 17-20 ℃, has the salinity of 30-33 per thousand and has the pH value of 8.0-8.3, and then can be poured.
Further preferably, the additives of step 4) comprise: the food comprises, by weight, 3-8 parts of vitamin E, 2-5 parts of tea polyphenol, 3-6 parts of ginger concentrate, 4-5 parts of hypotaurine, 20-40 parts of chitosan, 1-1.5 parts of protease, 1-2 parts of mono-potassium salt of curcumin monophosphate and 5-10 parts of mineral salt. The additive is beneficial to accelerating gonad maturation of a tiger spot cuttlefish parent, improving gonad development process and shortening spawning period, and hypotaurine and curcumin monophosphate monopotassium salt in the additive play a coordinating role to further improve the quality of fertilized eggs laid by the cuttlefish parent, remarkably improve the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs and the robustness of hatched cuttlefish larvae, reduce the number of dead eggs and dead seedlings, improve seedling raising efficiency and increase economic benefits;
preferably, the diatoms of step 4) are selected from at least one of Cyclotella, Chaetoceros and Nitzschia closterium; the green algae can be at least one of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Platymonas; in this application, mix fresh shrimp or clamworm with the mixed alga of diatom and green alga and throw and feed for tiger spot cuttlefish parent, can improve the food intake of parent on the one hand, further improve the parent and grow up, accelerate gonad maturity, diatom and green alga that on the other hand scatters in the aquaculture water still are favorable to purifying the water, prevent water pollution.
Further preferably, the weight ratio of the diatom to the green algae in the step 4) is 3-5: 1.
Further preferably, the proportion of the mixed algae of the diatoms and the green algae in the step 4) doped with the fresh shrimps or the clamworms is 10-15%.
Further preferably, in the reinforced culture process of the step 4), water is changed and dirt is removed every day, the change conditions of physicochemical factors such as water temperature, salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen are observed at fixed points at fixed time, and when abnormality is found, corresponding measures are taken to process in time; checking the health state of the parents every day, feeding and spawning, timely disposing the dead parents and timely supplementing the tiger-spot cuttlefish parents of the corresponding sex.
Preferably, the water pressure change for simulating the sea tide rising and falling in the step 6) can be carried out in the following way: and filling water for 5-6 hours every day to raise the water level from the position 50cm higher than the egg-attached net, pumping water for 5-6 hours to lower the water level from the position 50cm higher than the egg-attached net to the position 50cm higher than the egg-attached net, and repeating the steps to make the roes feel the water pressure change similar to the rising tide and the falling tide of the sea.
Further preferably, the hatching water of step 6) is the culture seawater of step 2).
Preferably, the incubation process of step 6) is continuously oxygenated, DO is maintained above 6mg/mL, the illumination is not more than 120Lux, and the noise is not more than 40 db.
Preferably, the stocking density of the initially hatched larvae of step 7) is as follows: the cultivation density is controlled to 10000-15000 tails/m3Gradually decreasing the concentration to 5000-10000 pieces/m in the middle and later stages3And later period is reduced to 2000-5000 pieces/m3。
Preferably, the series of different baits of step 7) is: when the initial hatching larva is opened, the artemia nauplii can be directly fed, and the bait density is 5 per mL; feeding copepods and nauplii thereof after 3 days of age, and keeping the density at 2-3/mL; feeding live mysidae larvae in the sea area after 14 days, wherein the feeding amount is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae; when the trunk length of the cuttlefish seedlings reaches 1.2cm, starting to domesticate dead baits, feeding the dead mysidacea a small number of times in the early stage, and increasing the feeding amount day by day until most of the larvae can eat the dead baits; when the larva is completely adapted and can eat dead bait, the seedling can emerge and enter a growing stage.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose also comprises the application of the method for breeding the cuttlefish with tiger spot in cuttlefish culture.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the method comprises the following steps of feeding cuttlefish parents with croakers or minnow bodies containing additives capable of improving reproductive performance of parent fishes of tiger spot cuttlefish and fresh shrimps or clamworms doped with diatoms and green algae alternately, so that the method is favorable for accelerating gonad maturity of the parents, improving mating times of the parents and further improving spawning speed and spawning amount of the parents;
2) the additive is beneficial to accelerating gonad maturation of a tiger spot cuttlefish parent, improving gonad development process and shortening spawning period, and hypotaurine and curcumin monophosphate monopotassium salt in the additive play a coordinating role to further improve the quality of fertilized eggs laid by the cuttlefish parent, remarkably improve the hatching rate of the fertilized eggs and the robustness of hatched cuttlefish larvae, reduce the number of dead eggs and dead seedlings, improve seedling raising efficiency and increase economic benefits;
3) the water pressure change of the rising tide and the receding tide of the sea is simulated, the fertilized eggs can feel the rise and the subsidence of the water level, the environment of the tiger spot cuttlefish spawning in nature is simulated for hatching, the hatching and the environment adapting capacity of the tiger spot cuttlefish seedlings are facilitated, and the survival rate of the tiger spot cuttlefish seedlings is improved;
4) feeding according to a bait series of artemia nauplii → copepods → live mysidae shrimps → dead mysidae shrimps, and when the larvae are completely adapted and can eat the dead bait, emergence of seedlings can be realized, and the feeding stage is started; by feeding with serial baits, the larvae gradually complete the adaptation process of the baits from artemia larvae to copepods to live mysidae and finally dead mysidae, stress stimulation caused by incapability of adapting the cuttlefish larvae due to sudden bait conversion is avoided, the immunity and survival rate of the larvae are obviously improved, and the culture benefit is increased;
5) the seedling raising method is simple and easy to implement, the spawning culture pond, the seedling raising pond, the egg attaching net and the like can be repeatedly used, and the seedling raising cost can be controlled.
The invention adopts the technical scheme to provide the model essay, makes up the defects of the prior art, and has reasonable design and convenient operation.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The present invention uses the methods and materials described herein; other suitable methods and materials known in the art may be used. The materials, methods, and examples described herein are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. All publications, patent applications, patents, provisional applications, database entries, and other references mentioned herein, and the like, are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
Example 1:
a method for breeding sepia pharaonis specifically comprises the following steps:
1) building a spawning culture pond: building a semi-buried cement spawning culture pond with the specification of 10m multiplied by 5m multiplied by 1.5m, wherein the bottom and the surface of the pond are smooth, and are provided with an oxygen increasing, temperature controlling, pollution discharging and water treating device, the bottom of the pond inclines to a drain hole by a gradient of 5 percent, the bottom of the pond is disinfected by potassium permanganate, and the illumination intensity of the culture pond is controlled to be 220 Lux;
2) optimizing a spawning culture pond: the bottom of the spawning culture pond is 1/m2Arranging an egg-attaching net, wherein the egg-attaching net has a mesh of 25mm, is fixed at a position 10mm above the bottom of the pond, is used for filling culture seawater to a depth of 1.2m, and is used for supplying oxygen by inflating the bottom of the culture pond to keep DO at 7.2 mg/mL;
3) putting the parent of the cuttlefish: selecting adult strong cuttlefish without trauma and with abundant carcasses as parent, wherein the male-female ratio is 2:1, and the breeding density is controlled at 2.5/m2；
4) And (3) reinforced culture: intensive culture is carried out on the parent 1 month before spawning, the white croaker is fed at 9:00 am every day, the white croaker contains 0.5 percent of fish body weight and an additive capable of improving the reproductive performance of the parent fish of the cuttlefish with tiger spot, and the additive contains hypotaurine and curcumin monophosphate monopotassium salt; feeding fresh shrimps at 17:00 in the afternoon, wherein the fresh shrimps are uniformly mixed with diatom and green algae; feeding for 10 days at a rate of not competing for food, and then gradually increasing to 10% of the body weight of the parent;
5) egg collection: collecting eggs after 1 month of feeding, taking out fertilized eggs after the fertilized eggs are filled with egg-attached net cloth, sterilizing, putting the fertilized eggs into an incubation pool, and simultaneously replacing the egg-attached net;
6) hatching: placing the egg-attached net full of fertilized eggs in a nursery pond with the density of 12000 eggs/m for hatching, wherein the hatching density is 9m multiplied by 4m multiplied by 1.5m2(ii) a Controlling the water level to rise and fall so as to simulate the water pressure change of sea tide rising and tide falling, and adopting a pool bottom micro-inflation mode to incubate;
7) seedling culture: and (3) breeding the primarily hatched larvae into a seedling pool, controlling the salinity of the seedling pool to be 25 per thousand, the pH value to be about 8.0, the ammonia nitrogen to be 0.008mg/L and the OD6.5mg/mL, controlling the illumination intensity to be 1200Lux, avoiding direct sunlight and preferably uniformly diffusing light.
The preferred embodiment also has the following limiting factors a-n:
a, the dosage of the potassium permanganate in the disinfection in the step 1) is 5g/m3Culturing water;
b, controlling the illumination intensity of the culture pond in the step 1), wherein transparent plastic skylights matched with shading cloth are arranged above the culture pond, a shading net is arranged above the culture pond, or a fluorescent lamp is used for illumination in a fully closed state;
c, binding the egg-adhering net in the step 2) on a plastic frame of 30cm multiplied by 40cm by using a 25mm polyethylene net to obtain a net-shaped egg-adhering net;
d, the culture seawater in the step 2) can be poured into a culture pond after being pretreated as follows: the seawater is taken from a pollution-free sea area, is subjected to darkroom precipitation, sand filtration and ozone disinfection, is filtered by a 300-mesh net bag, is adjusted to 18 ℃, has the salinity of 32 per thousand and has the pH value of 8.0, and then can be poured;
e, the additives of step 4) comprise: vitamin E5 parts, tea polyphenol 4 parts, ginger concentrate 5 parts, hypotaurine 4 parts, chitosan 25 parts, protease 1.4 parts, curcumin monophosphate monopotassium salt 1.2 parts, and mineral salt 6 parts;
f, the diatom of step 4) is a Cyclotella tenera; the green algae is Chlorella pyrenoidosa;
g, the weight ratio of the diatoms and the green algae in the step 4) is 4: 1;
h, the proportion of the mixed algae of the diatom and the green algae in the step 4) mixed with the fresh shrimps is 10 percent;
i, in the reinforced culture process of the step 4), changing water and removing dirt every day, regularly observing the change conditions of physicochemical factors such as water temperature, salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen at fixed points, and taking corresponding measures to process in time when abnormality is found; checking the health state of the parents every day, and the conditions of ingestion and spawning, timely disposing the dead parents and timely supplementing the tiger spot cuttlefish parents of the corresponding sex;
j, simulating the water pressure change of the sea tide rising and falling in the step 6) can be carried out according to the following modes: filling water for 6 hours every day to raise the water level from the horizontal position of the egg-attached net to the position 50cm higher than the egg-attached net, then pumping water for 6 hours to lower the water level from the position 50cm higher than the egg-attached net to the horizontal position of the egg-attached net, and repeating the steps in a cycle to make the roes feel the water pressure change similar to the rising tide and the receding tide of the sea;
k, the hatching water in the step 6) is the culture seawater in the step 2);
l, continuously oxygenating in the hatching process of the step 6), maintaining DO6.4mg/mL, the illumination intensity of 100Lux and the noise of not more than 40 db;
m, the stocking density of the initially hatched larvae in the step 7) is as follows: the cultivation density is controlled to 12000 tail/m3Gradually decreases to 8000 pieces/m in the middle and later period3Later stage of the reaction is reduced to 3000 pieces/m3；
n, the series feeding steps of different baits in the step 7) are as follows: when the initial hatching larva is opened, the artemia nauplii can be directly fed, and the bait density is 5 per mL; feeding copepods and nauplii thereof after 3 days of age, and keeping the density at 3/mL; feeding live mysidae larvae in the sea area after 14 days, wherein the feeding amount is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae; when the trunk length of the cuttlefish seedlings reaches 1.2cm, starting to domesticate dead baits, feeding the dead mysidacea a small number of times in the early stage, and increasing the feeding amount day by day until most of the larvae can eat the dead baits; when the larva is completely adapted and can eat dead bait, the seedling can emerge and enter a growing stage.
Comparative example 2:
comparative example 2 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the intensively cultured spotted maigre of step 4) contains no additives.
Comparative example 3:
comparative example 3 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the additive in the intensively cultured spotted maigre of step 4) does not contain the mono potassium salt of curcumin monophosphate and hypotaurine.
Comparative example 4:
comparative example 4 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the fresh shrimps in the intensively cultured albiflora of step 4) are not incorporated with algae.
Comparative example 5:
comparative example 5 is substantially the same as example 1 except that fresh shrimps in the bodies of the spotted maigre cultured intensively in step 4) are stirred with only diatom.
Comparative example 6:
comparative example 6 is substantially the same as example 1 except that the water level is not controlled to rise and fall to simulate the water pressure change of sea tide rising and falling during incubation in step 6), and incubation is performed only by submerging the egg-attached net full of fertilized eggs with water level.
Experimental example: and (3) detecting the egg laying amount, the hatching rate and the seedling survival rate in the example 1 and the comparative examples 2-6:
the average number of eggs laid by each female tiger spot cuttlefish parent, the hatching rate and the survival rate of the young fries under the different breeding methods in example 1 and comparative examples 2-6 are counted and shown in table 1. As can be seen from table 1, in the preferred embodiment 1 of the present application, the individual egg laying amount, hatching rate and seedling survival rate are all high, so that the method can significantly improve the hatching rate of fertilized eggs and the robustness of hatched cuttlefish larvae, reduce the number of dead eggs and dead seedlings, improve the seedling raising efficiency, and increase the economic benefit.
TABLE 1 statistics of spawning number, hatching rate and seedling survival rate in the whole spawning period
Conventional techniques in the above embodiments are known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, will not be described in detail herein.
While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointed out novel features as applied to various embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions, and changes in the form and details of the device or method illustrated may be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. In addition, the various features and methods described above may be used independently of one another, or may be combined in various ways. All possible combinations and sub-combinations are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure. Many of the embodiments described above include similar components, and thus, these similar components are interchangeable in different embodiments. While the invention has been disclosed in the context of certain embodiments and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and/or uses and obvious modifications and equivalents thereof. Accordingly, the invention is not intended to be limited by the specific disclosure of preferred embodiments herein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for breeding cuttlefish with tiger spot is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) building a spawning culture pond: building a semi-buried cement spawning culture pond, wherein the bottom and the surface of the pond are smooth, and the pond is provided with an oxygen increasing device, a temperature controlling device, a pollution discharging device and a water treating device, the bottom of the pond inclines towards a drain hole by a gradient of 5 percent, and the bottom of the pond is sterilized by potassium permanganate, and the illumination intensity of the culture pond is controlled to be 210-240 Lux;
2) optimizing a spawning culture pond: the bottom of the spawning culture pond is 1/m2Arranging an egg-attaching net, wherein the egg-attaching net has a mesh of 20-30 mm, is fixed at a position 10-15 mm above the bottom of the pond, is used for filling culture seawater to a depth of 1.2-1.5 m and aerating oxygen at the bottom of the culture pond to keep DO above 7 mg/mL;
3) putting the parent of the cuttlefish: selecting adult strong trauma-free and full-bodied cuttlefish as parent, wherein the male-female ratio is 2:1, and the breeding density is controlled to be 2-2.5/m2；
4) And (3) reinforced culture: performing intensive culture 1 month before spawning, and feeding albiflora or minnow in the morning, wherein 0.5-0.8% of additive containing hypotaurine and curcumin monophosphate monopotassium salt is wrapped in the albiflora or minnow; feeding fresh shrimps or clamworms in the afternoon, wherein the fresh shrimps or clamworms are uniformly mixed by diatom and green algae; feeding for 7-10 days without competing for food, and then gradually increasing the weight of the parent to 8-10 percent;
5) egg collection: collecting eggs after 1 month of feeding, taking out fertilized eggs after the fertilized eggs are filled with egg-attached net cloth, sterilizing, putting into an incubation pool, and simultaneously replacing the egg-attached net;
6) hatching: placing the egg-attached net full of fertilized eggs in a nursery pond at 12000-15000 granules/m2Hatching; controlling the water level to rise and fall so as to simulate the water pressure change of sea tide rising and tide falling, and adopting a pool bottom micro-inflation mode to incubate;
7) seedling culture: stocking the primarily hatched larvae into a seedling pool, controlling the salinity of the seedling pool to be 23-30 per thousand, the pH value to be 7.8-8.0, the ammonia nitrogen to be below 0.01mg/L and OD6mg/mL to be above, and controlling the uniform diffused light illumination intensity to be 1000-2000 Lux; when the larva is completely adapted and can eat dead bait, the seedling can emerge and enter a growing stage;
the additive in the step 4) comprises: the food comprises, by weight, 3-8 parts of vitamin E, 2-5 parts of tea polyphenol, 3-6 parts of ginger concentrate, 4-5 parts of gynostemma pentaphylla, 20-40 parts of chitosan, 1-1.5 parts of protease, 1-2 parts of mono-potassium salt of curcumin monophosphate and 5-10 parts of mineral salt.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the egg-adhering net is a net-shaped egg-adhering net which is formed by binding a polyethylene net with the thickness of 20-30 mm on a plastic frame with the thickness of 30cm multiplied by 40 cm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the culture seawater in the step 2) can be poured into a culture pond after being pretreated as follows: the seawater is taken from a pollution-free sea area, is precipitated in a dark room, is filtered by sand, is sterilized by ozone, is filtered by a 300-mesh net bag, is adjusted to the temperature of 17-20 ℃, has the salinity of 30-33 per thousand and has the pH value of 8.0-8.3, and then can be poured.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the diatom in the step 4) is at least one of Cyclotella tenella, Chaetoceros and Nitzschia closterium; the green algae is at least one of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Platymonas mellea.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the diatom to the green algae in the step 4) is 3-5: 1.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the water pressure change for simulating the sea tide rising and falling in the step 6) is carried out according to the following mode: and filling water for 5-6 hours every day to raise the water level from the position 50cm higher than the egg-attached net, pumping water for 5-6 hours to lower the water level from the position 50cm higher than the egg-attached net to the position 50cm higher than the egg-attached net, and repeating the steps to make the roes feel the water pressure change similar to the rising tide and the falling tide of the sea.
7. Root of herbaceous plantThe method of claim 1, wherein: the stocking density of the initially hatched larvae in the step 7) is as follows: the cultivation density is controlled to 10000-15000 tails/m3Gradually decreasing the concentration to 5000-10000 pieces/m in the middle and later stages3And later period is reduced to 2000-5000 pieces/m3。
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the larva feeding step in the step 7) comprises the following steps: directly feeding artemia nauplii when the initial hatching larvae are opened, wherein the bait density is 5/mL; feeding copepods and nauplii thereof after 3 days of age, and keeping the density at 2-3/mL; feeding live mysidae larvae in the sea area after 14 days, wherein the feeding amount is increased or decreased according to the feeding condition of the larvae; when the trunk length of the cuttlefish seedlings reaches 1.2cm, starting to domesticate dead baits, feeding the dead mysidacea a small number of times in the early stage, and increasing the feeding amount day by day until most of the larvae can eat the dead baits; when the larva is completely adapted and can eat dead bait, the seedling can emerge and enter a growing stage.
9. The application of the method for breeding the sepia tigeris of any one of claims 1 to 8 in sepia tigeris breeding.
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| CN113455428B (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-05-27 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Artificial breeding method for Mafu fish |
| CN116019034A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-04-28 | 宁波大学 | Overwintering cultivation method for cuttlefish parents |
| CN115005131A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-06 | 广西海洋研究所有限责任公司 | Feeding habit domestication method for cuttlefish with white spot |
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