CN103636545A - Ecological breeding method for jointly breeding exopalaemon carinicauda in takifugu flavidus - Google Patents

Ecological breeding method for jointly breeding exopalaemon carinicauda in takifugu flavidus Download PDF

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CN103636545A
CN103636545A CN201310696687.2A CN201310696687A CN103636545A CN 103636545 A CN103636545 A CN 103636545A CN 201310696687 A CN201310696687 A CN 201310696687A CN 103636545 A CN103636545 A CN 103636545A
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fingerling
fish
pond
water
breeding
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CN103636545B (en
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施永海
张根玉
张海明
谢永德
张忠华
刘永士
徐嘉波
刘建忠
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Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station
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SHANGHAI AQUATIC PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION STATION
Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

An ecological breeding method for jointly breeding exopalaemon carinicauda in takifugu flavidus comprises fingerling breeding, seed shrimp breeding, daily management and harvesting of the takifugu flavidus and the exopalaemon carinicauda, and is characterized in that when the water temperature of an outer pond is kept to be 14-15 DEG C, overwintered fingerling is bred in the outer pond, and one aerator is equipped for each 3-5 mu of a pond; before breeding, firstly, the pond is cleared and sterilized; the pond is filled with water after 48 hours of sterilization, the water occupies two thirds of the pond, and the salinity is 5-15; after one week of water filling, the fingerling is bred, and summerlings are bred according to the breeding density of 3,000-5,00 0 fish per mu in the beginning of July; the breeding density of two-age fingerling is 1,000-1,200 fish per mu; the breeding density of three-age fingerling is 800-1,000 fish per mu, and water is added to 1.5m after breeding of the fingerling; in June and July, seed shrimps are scattered into a takifugu flavidus aquaculture pond, and 1.5-3 kilograms of seed shrimps are bred for each mu; feeding is performed for two times every day, the feeding amount per day is 3-8% of the weight of fish, fish bait is eel feed containing 45% of crude protein, and water is changed once every two weeks; and in the mid-to-end November, the takifugu flavidus is caught firstly, the exopalaemon carinicauda is harvested in December, and finally, the pond is cleared for fish catching.

Description

The yellow Fugu cover of a kind of chrysanthemum is supported the ecological cultivation method of Exopalaemon carinicauda
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture, the yellow Fugu cover of especially a kind of chrysanthemum is supported the ecological cultivation method of Exopalaemon carinicauda.
Background technology
The yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum ( takifugu flavidus) genus Tetraodontiformes, Puffer suborder, Molidae, Fugu belongs to, and is mainly distributed in China's the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea, belongs to coastal waters, temperate zone demersal fishes, the general migration of not making long distance, mainly take the invertebrates such as shell-fish, shellfish and small fish is food, has very high nutritive value and medical value, is described as first of " the Changjiang river three delicacies ".Pure white as the frost of its muscle, meat flavour fat is beautiful, fresh and tender good to eat, is rich in protein, nutritious, and its internal organs, containing hypertoxic nerve element, are referred to as Tetrodotoxin (TTX), at the utmost point medically, have using value.In the river Puffer fingerling class of cultivation, the yellow Fugu market price of chrysanthemum is the highest at home, reach 150-200 unit/kilogram.Along with the kind of culture fishery is upgraded and structural adjustment, as the kind of special cultivation, the yellow Fugu cultivation of chrysanthemum has also obtained very large development in view of its good economic worth, practical value and biological property, and marketable fish cultured area constantly expands.
Exopalaemon carinicauda ( exopalaemon carinicauda) have another name called white shrimp, suede shrimp, winter jasmine shrimp etc., be a kind of wide temperature, wide salt, omnivorousness, medium-sized economic shrimps that fertility is strong.Its fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, be first-class dish, also can dryingly be processed into dried shrimp, and ovum can drying one-tenth shrimp-roe, and sexual gland can be drying becomes " shrimp brain ", is foreign exchange earning good merchantable brand.Exopalaemon carinicauda is easy to aquaculture management, product marketing is good, cost is low, income is high.
The yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum often adopts pond to cultivate separately at present, although cultural technique comparative maturity, but there are some problems in monoculture: 1) because the yellow Fugu schistostoma of chrysanthemum is larger, stinging be often scattered in the doughy eel feed process fragment of some feeds of food, the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum can not remove these feed chips of ingesting, often sink to the bottom rottenly, this is waste feed not only, and corrupt feed can cause water quality to ruin; 2) in the yellow Fugu monoculture of chrysanthemum pond, breeding density is generally lower, and during results, per mu yield also only has 500-600 jin, does not make full use of space, pond; 3) in the yellow Fugu monoculture of chrysanthemum pond, often easily form the aquatic animal sociales such as copepoda, these aquatic animals can fight for cultivation fish the oxygen of water body, easily cause water hypoxia, the yellow Fugu anoxic of chrysanthemum to raise the nose above water to breathe dead, in addition the aquatic animal of these sociales to arrive certain peak density Hou Hui collective dead, these dead individualities easily cause water quality to ruin.If cover is supported Exopalaemon carinicauda and can be avoided more above-mentioned problems in the yellow Fugu cultivating pool of chrysanthemum, Exopalaemon carinicauda can absorb the yellow Fugu of the chrysanthemum aquatic animal in fallen feed fragment and water body in doughy eel feed process that ingests, simultaneously Exopalaemon carinicauda can be cleared up again and part is utilized original organic sediment at the bottom of pond, has effectively utilized again space, pond.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the yellow Fugu cover of a kind of chrysanthemum and support the ecological cultivation method of Exopalaemon carinicauda.
Production technology step of the present invention comprises: fingerling stocking, seed shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed, the yellow Fugu results of daily management, chrysanthemum, 5 aspects of Exopalaemon carinicauda results, it is characterized by temperature rise in spring, the water temperature on the outer pool can remain on 14-15 ℃, just can progressively put the fingerling of surviving the winter in a suitable place to breed the outer pool cultivates, adopt outdoor earth pond area 2.5-9 mu, every 3-5 mu pond is equipped with 1 1.5Kw aerator; Before putting in a suitable place to breed, first with the clear pond of quicklime of 150-200kg/ mu, sterilize; Use disinfectant water filling after 48 hours, with 60 object bolting silk net filtrations, the water filling 2/3 of water yield elder generation, i.e. depth of water 100cm, water source is natural sea-water, salinity 5-15; After water filling one week, put fingerling in a suitable place to breed, fingerling divides 3 kinds (pond is put in a suitable place to breed a kind of): summer flower fingerling, specification is total length 3-5cm, breeding density is 3000-5000 tail/mu, because the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum breeding season is in May, obtains then summer flower fingerling at the beginning of 7 months, therefore, the summer flower fingerling stocking time is at the beginning of 7 months; 2 age fish fingerling, specification is 50-70g/ tail, breeding density is 1000-1200 tail/mu; 3 age fish fingerling, specification is 200g/ tail, breeding density is 800-1000 tail/mu, screens and reject predacious fish when fingerling draws in the net to put in a suitable place to breed, progressively adds water to 1.5m after fingerling stocking; To 6-7 month, by cage, in the seed shrimp pool, gather in the crops Exopalaemon carinicauda seed shrimp, remove trash fish, seed shrimp bulk storage, in the yellow Fugu cultivating pool of chrysanthemum, is put in a suitable place to breed and opened aerator front half an hour, to improve the survival rate of shrimp, put 3-6 jin in a suitable place to breed for every mu; Bait throwing in every day 2 times, daily ration of feeding is the 3-8% of fish body weight, bait, for the eel feed containing crude protein 45%, before throwing something and feeding is made into mash feed dough shape, throws something and feeds in bait table, every mu of bait table that 2-3 60cm * 60cm is set, after throwing something and feeding, check food situation at every turn, in 2 hours, eat up and be advisable, according to the situation of ingesting, adjust in time the next throwing amount of raising simultaneously, within every 2 weeks, change water 1 time; Generally, to mid or late November, the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum will enter canopy and survive the winter, and (mesh specification: net 2-3cm) draws in the net to fish for the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum, allows shrimp spill from mesh as far as possible, avoids the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum to kill shrimp, causes shrimp quality to decline first to use large mesh; Fingerling specification is at 50-60g/ tail then, and survival rate is at 85-95%; The fingerling specification in 2 ages is at 200g/ tail, and the above ratio that can go on the market of specification 250g/ tail is at 20-30%, and survival rate is more than 85%, 3 age fish specification at 300g/ tail, the above ratio that can go on the market of specification 250g/ tail is at 80-90%, survival rate is more than 90%; After the yellow Fugu of 95% chrysanthemum is fished for out, gather in the crops Exopalaemon carinicauda December, for guaranteeing the survival rate of shrimp, fish for Exopalaemon carinicauda and divide three steps: first adopt cage net to fish for Exopalaemon carinicauda, then with leather strap net draw in the net (polythene net) go out shrimp, finally clean up the pond and fish for, output is at 50-100 pound/acre, and every mu has a net increase of benefit: 800-1500 unit.
The present invention with respect to the outstanding feature of prior art is: 1) Exopalaemon carinicauda has effectively utilized the feed fragment that the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum is scattered in stinging the doughy eel feed process of food, can clear up again and part is utilized original organic sediment at the bottom of pond simultaneously, avoid it to sink to the bottom the water quality of rotting and causing and ruined; 2) avoided the formation of the aquatic animal sociales such as copepoda in pond, made pond water quality more stable; 3) take full advantage of space, pond, excavated pond productive potential, improved the usage factor of pond waters, expanded water body production capacity, in the situation that not increasing input, increased the output in pond, improved economic benefit.The present invention is easy and simple to handle, is easy to be accepted and promote.
Embodiment
Embodiment-: production technology step comprises:
1, fingerling stocking: in temperature rise in spring, the water temperature on the outer pool can remain on 14-15 ℃, now just can progressively put the fingerling of surviving the winter in a suitable place to breed the outer pool and cultivate, adopts outdoor earth pond area 2.5-9 mu, and every 3-5 mu pond is equipped with 1 1.5Kw aerator; Before putting in a suitable place to breed, first with the clear pond of quicklime of 150-200kg/ mu, sterilize; Use disinfectant water filling after 48 hours, with 60 object bolting silk net filtrations, the general first water filling 2/3 of the water yield, about 100cm, water source is natural sea-water, salinity 5-15; After water filling one week, put fingerling in a suitable place to breed, fingerling divides 3 kinds (pond is put in a suitable place to breed a kind of): summer flower fingerling, specification is total length 3-5cm, breeding density is 3000-5000 tail/mu, because the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum breeding season is in May, obtains then summer flower fingerling at the beginning of 7 months, therefore, the summer flower fingerling stocking time is at the beginning of 7 months; 2 age fish fingerling, specification is 50-70g/ tail, breeding density is 1000-1200 tail/mu; 3 age fish fingerling, specification is 200g/ tail, breeding density is 800-1000 tail/mu, screens and reject predacious fish when fingerling draws in the net to put in a suitable place to breed, progressively adds water to 1.5m after fingerling stocking;
2, seed shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed: generally arrive 6-7 month, gather in the crops Exopalaemon carinicauda seed shrimp by cage in the seed shrimp pool, remove trash fish, seed shrimp bulk storage is arrived in the yellow Fugu cultivating pool of chrysanthemum, put in a suitable place to breed and open aerator front half an hour, to improve the survival rate of shrimp, put 3-6 jin in a suitable place to breed for general every mu;
3, daily management: bait throwing in every day 2 times, daily ration of feeding is the 3-8% of fish body weight, bait, for the eel feed containing crude protein 45%, before throwing something and feeding is made into mash feed dough shape, throws something and feeds in bait table, general every mu of bait table that 2-3 60cm * 60cm is set, after throwing something and feeding, check food situation at every turn, generally in 2 hours, eat up and be advisable, according to the situation of ingesting, adjust in time the next throwing amount of raising simultaneously, within every 2 weeks, change water 1 time;
4, the yellow Fugu results of chrysanthemum: generally to mid or late November, the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum will enter canopy and survive the winter, and first uses large mesh (mesh specification: net 2-3cm) draws in the net to fish for the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum, allows shrimp spill from mesh as far as possible, avoid the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum to kill shrimp, cause shrimp quality to decline.Generally fingerling specification is in 50-60g/ tail left and right then, and survival rate is at 85-95%; The fingerling specification in 2 ages is in about 200g/ tail, and the above ratio that can go on the market of specification 250g/ tail is at 20-30%, and survival rate is more than 85%, 3 age fish specification in 300g/ tail left and right, the above ratio that can go on the market of specification 250g/ tail is at 80-90%, survival rate is more than 90%;
5, Exopalaemon carinicauda results: after the yellow Fugu of 95% chrysanthemum is fished for out, gather in the crops Exopalaemon carinicauda December, for guaranteeing the survival rate of shrimp, fish for Exopalaemon carinicauda and divide three steps: first adopt cage net to fish for Exopalaemon carinicauda, then with leather strap net, draw in the net out shrimp, finally clean up the pond and fish for, output is at 50-100 pound/acre, and every mu has a net increase of benefit: 800-1500 unit.
Embodiment bis-: according to embodiment-described method,
2013, in the cultivation of the yellow Fugu prime fish of chrysanthemum kind, cover was supported Exopalaemon carinicauda, pond, Shanghai Aquatic Product Institute's Technique of Raising Seeedling center (2 #west), area is 2.5 mu, July 10, puts summer flower fry 12000 tails in a suitable place to breed, specification 3-5cm, breeding density is 4800 tail/mus, and 10-15 day in July is put 15 jin of shrimp species in a suitable place to breed, November 13 draws in the net to gather in the crops large size fingerling 11500 tails, specification is in 45g/ tail left and right, survival rate is 95.8%, 1035 jin of the yellow Fugu gross weights of chrysanthemum, and feed coefficient is: 1.91.December 3, results Exopalaemon carinicauda was 201 jin, and every per mu yield goes out 80.4 jin, and mu has a net increase of benefit: 1300 yuan.
Embodiment tri-: according to embodiment-described method, 2013, in the cultivation of the yellow Fugu prime fish of chrysanthemum kind, cover was supported Exopalaemon carinicauda, Shanghai Aquatic Product Institute's Technique of Raising Seeedling center 1 #the The South Pool pool, area is 2.5 mu, July 10, puts summer flower fry 12000 tails in a suitable place to breed, specification 3-5cm, breeding density is 4800 tail/mus, and 10-15 day in July is put 15 jin of shrimp species in a suitable place to breed, November 13 draws in the net to gather in the crops large size fingerling 11600 tails, specification is in 55g/ tail left and right, survival rate is 96.6%, 1276 jin of the yellow Fugu gross weights of chrysanthemum, and feed coefficient is: 1.82.December 4, results Exopalaemon carinicauda was 267 jin, specification: 270 tail/jin, and every per mu yield goes out 106.8 jin, and mu has a net increase of benefit: 1600 yuan.
Embodiment tetra-: according to embodiment-described method, 2013, in the yellow Fugu young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years cultivation of chrysanthemum, cover was supported Exopalaemon carinicauda, the west 1-6 of Shanghai Aquatic Product Institute #pond, area is 9 mu, April 22, young fish of two years, fingerlings of two years 13540 tails, specification 68g/ tail, counts 1842 jin, and breeding density is 1500 tail/mus; Put into 24.8 jin of Exopalaemon carinicauda seed shrimps on July 3, specification 460 tail/jin, draw in the net on November 14th, 2013 and to December 11 the dry pool catch altogether, yellow globefish 13043 tails of chrysanthemum, survival rate is: 96.3%; Average heavy 240g/ tail, counts 5478.0 jin, 608.6 jin of average yield per mus, and feed coefficient is: 2.24.4-11 day in December is gathered in the crops 475.6 jin of Exopalaemon carinicaudas, specification: 360 tail/jin, and every per mu yield goes out 52.8 jin, and mu has a net increase of benefit: 800 yuan.

Claims (1)

1. the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum overlaps the ecological cultivation method of supporting Exopalaemon carinicauda, production technology step comprises that fingerling stocking, seed shrimp are put in a suitable place to breed, daily management, the yellow Fugu results of chrysanthemum, 5 aspects of Exopalaemon carinicauda results, it is characterized in that in temperature rise in spring, when the water temperature on the outer pool can remain on 14-15 ℃, the fingerling of surviving the winter is progressively put the outer pool in a suitable place to breed and is cultivated, adopt outdoor earth pond area 2.5-9 mu, every 3-5 mu pond is equipped with 1 1.5Kw aerator; Before putting in a suitable place to breed, first with the clear pond of quicklime of 150-200kg/ mu, sterilize; Use disinfectant water filling after 48 hours, with 60 object bolting silk net filtrations, first water filling 2/3, i.e. depth of water 100cm, water source is natural sea-water, salinity 5-15; After water filling one week, put fingerling in a suitable place to breed, fingerling divides 3 kinds (pond is put in a suitable place to breed a kind of): summer flower fingerling, and specification is total length 3-5cm, and breeding density is 3000-5000 tail/mu, and the summer flower fingerling stocking time is at the beginning of 7 months; 2 age fish fingerling, specification is 50-70g/ tail, breeding density is 1000-1200 tail/mu; 3 age fish fingerling, specification is 200g/ tail, breeding density is 800-1000 tail/mu, screens and reject predacious fish when fingerling draws in the net to put in a suitable place to breed, progressively adds water to 1.5m after fingerling stocking; To 6-7 month, by cage, in the seed shrimp pool, gather in the crops Exopalaemon carinicauda seed shrimp, remove trash fish, in the yellow Fugu cultivating pool of chrysanthemum, put seed shrimp bulk storage in a suitable place to breed 3-6 jin for every mu, put in a suitable place to breed and open aerator front half an hour; Bait throwing in every day 2 times, daily ration of feeding is the 3-8% of fish body weight, bait, for the eel feed containing crude protein 45%, before throwing something and feeding is made into mash feed dough shape, throws something and feeds in bait table, every mu of bait table that 2-3 60cm * 60cm is set, after throwing something and feeding, check food situation at every turn, in 2 hours, eat up and be advisable, according to the situation of ingesting, adjust in time the next throwing amount of raising simultaneously, within every 2 weeks, change water 1 time; To mid or late November, the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum will enter canopy and survive the winter, and first uses large mesh (mesh specification: net 2-3cm) draws in the net to fish for the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum, allows shrimp spill from mesh as far as possible; After the yellow Fugu of 95% chrysanthemum is fished for out, gather in the crops Exopalaemon carinicauda December, be the survival rate that guarantees shrimp, fish for Exopalaemon carinicauda and divide three steps: first adopt cage net to fish for Exopalaemon carinicauda, then with leather strap net, draw in the net out shrimp, finally clean up the pond and fish for.
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CN104982354A (en) * 2015-06-12 2015-10-21 上海市水产研究所 Ecological cultivation method of fugu flavidus intercropping barracuda parental fish
CN105660486A (en) * 2016-03-14 2016-06-15 上海市水产研究所 Breeding method for intercropping mullet parents and fugu obscurus
CN106386588A (en) * 2016-09-18 2017-02-15 中国海洋大学 Efficient, low-carbon and environment-friendly Takifugu rubripes ecological culture mode
CN111990302A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-11-27 芜湖华际信息科技有限公司 Shrimp roe quick arranging and taking device simulating combing movement
CN115669576A (en) * 2022-10-26 2023-02-03 上海市水产研究所(上海市水产技术推广站) Method for improving overwintering survival rate of coilia ectenes second-instar fingerlings

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104982354A (en) * 2015-06-12 2015-10-21 上海市水产研究所 Ecological cultivation method of fugu flavidus intercropping barracuda parental fish
CN105660486A (en) * 2016-03-14 2016-06-15 上海市水产研究所 Breeding method for intercropping mullet parents and fugu obscurus
CN106386588A (en) * 2016-09-18 2017-02-15 中国海洋大学 Efficient, low-carbon and environment-friendly Takifugu rubripes ecological culture mode
CN106386588B (en) * 2016-09-18 2018-05-29 中国海洋大学 A kind of ecological cultivation method of Fugu rubripes
CN111990302A (en) * 2020-09-03 2020-11-27 芜湖华际信息科技有限公司 Shrimp roe quick arranging and taking device simulating combing movement
CN111990302B (en) * 2020-09-03 2022-01-25 聊城易海食品有限公司 Shrimp roe quick arranging and taking device simulating combing movement
CN115669576A (en) * 2022-10-26 2023-02-03 上海市水产研究所(上海市水产技术推广站) Method for improving overwintering survival rate of coilia ectenes second-instar fingerlings

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