CN110366988A - A kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment - Google Patents
A kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110366988A CN110366988A CN201910812962.XA CN201910812962A CN110366988A CN 110366988 A CN110366988 A CN 110366988A CN 201910812962 A CN201910812962 A CN 201910812962A CN 110366988 A CN110366988 A CN 110366988A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
- A01G27/02—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots having a water reservoir, the main part thereof being located wholly around or directly beside the growth substrate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment, including the cultivation case using thermal insulation material, the top for cultivating case is equipped with cover board, cover board is equipped with multiple culture holes, it cultivates bottom portion and is equipped with water tank, porous plate is equipped between water tank and cultivation case, water tank is equipped with hydroful reflux unit, is discharged after soil bacterial diversity water is full.So set, balcony roof is divulged information, even if opposing seal air remains to enter cultivation case from the gap around base of the plant.Soil moisture evaporation rate is slack-off in cultivation case, and the soil moisture is relatively stable, close to temperature on average, so that solving megathermal period plant root high temperature water shortage leads to undergrowth or death；Low temperature frost phase soil, which easily freezes, destroys root system；Heavy rain causes soil and fertilizer loss to block sewer；Ponding causes root system anaerobic respiration to generate noxious material；Moisture evaporation is fast, and it is hardened that irrigation times are excessively also easy to produce the soil salinization；The big problem in weed growth space.All equal well-growns of experimental plant kind.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Environment Controlled Agricultural Facility technical fields, more specifically to a kind of balcony roof organic imitation crop field
Cultivating device.
Background technique
China's Urbanization Progress is rapid, and shanty town and villages within the city are modified, so that sunny, well-ventilated, is suitble to plant
The balcony and roof quantity and area of object cultivation increase.Reasonable cultivating facility is utilized in these regions, roof is able to achieve and becomes agriculture
Field and hanging garden, balcony become vegetable garden and private garden, can improve urban ecological environment well and can produce organic fruits and vegetables,
The cultural life of people can also be enriched.But current balcony roof cultivating facility is simpler and cruder, cannot successfully manage and occur in cultivation
Unfavorable conditions such as high temperature and drought cryogenic freezing, the big moisture of wind-force evaporate fast etc..Plant growth environment is more severe than field production very
It is more, lead to undergrowth, crop yield is low.
Existing cultivating container is unlimited, and chamber wall does not have heat insulation function.This kind of container is fine in ground cultivation, but
Balcony roof, which there is, biggish uses drawback: 1, summer sunshine is sufficient, is suitble to most plants growth, but balcony roof reinforcing bar is mixed
Solidifying soil thermal capacity is low, and temperature reaches as high as 60 DEG C or more after noon in midsummer, is such as cultivated on a small quantity using common cultivation basin or planting groove,
Soil moisture easily evaporates in high temperature and high wind, in addition the vigorous absorption moisture transpiration of plant, it is easy to lead to soil water shortage,
And once water shortage, the soil moisture will be increased quickly, general horticultural management does not advocate the watering of fine day noon because of temperature difference senior general in addition
Lead to plant adverse reaction, the consequence of high temperature water shortage is that gently then undergrowth weight is then dead for plant；2, low temperature frost phase soil is easy
It freezes and destroys root system；3, heavy rain or heavy rain lead to soil and fertilizer loss blocks sewer, and ponding causes root system anaerobic respiration to produce
Raw noxious material；4, moisture evaporation is fast, and it is hardened that irrigation times are excessively also easy to produce the soil salinization；5, weed growth space is big, special
It is not crop small seedling stage.6, family's nursery, the small-sized rare flower cultivars of cultivation lack place and lack equipment.
Therefore, megathermal period soil moisture how is solved and easily evaporates that plant high temperature water shortage is made to cause plant strain growth bad or dead
It dies；Low temperature frost phase soil, which easily freezes, destroys root system；Heavy rain or heavy rain cause soil and fertilizer loss to block sewer, and ponding is led
Root system anaerobic respiration is caused to generate noxious material；Moisture evaporation is fast, and it is hardened that irrigation times are excessively also easy to produce the soil salinization；Weeds are raw
Long spacing is big；The problem of scarce place of small-sized rare flower cultivars lacks equipment is cultivated in family's nursery, becomes those skilled in the art to be solved
Important technological problems certainly.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment, to solve in megathermal period soil
Moisture, which easily evaporates, makes plant high temperature water shortage cause plant strain growth bad or dead；Low temperature frost phase soil, which easily freezes, destroys root system；
Heavy rain or heavy rain lead to soil and fertilizer loss blocks sewer, and ponding causes root system anaerobic respiration to generate noxious material；Moisture content
Evaporation is fast, and it is hardened that irrigation times are excessively also easy to produce the soil salinization；Weed growth space is big；Family's nursery, cultivation are small-sized rare
Flowers lack the problem of place lacks equipment.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment, including the cultivation case for cultivating plants, the cultivation case
Material is thermal insulation material, and the bottom of the cultivation case is equipped with water tank, is equipped between the water tank and the cultivation case porous
Plate, so that extra water through the porous plate enters the water tank in the soil of the cultivation case, the water tank is equipped with
For the hydroful reflux unit of draining, the top of the cultivation case is equipped with cover board, and the cover board is equipped with multiple culture holes, each
Be respectively equipped with two pieces of semilune temperature and humidity holding plates in the culture hole, two pieces of semilune temperature and humidity holding plates docking, with
It forms the plant stretched out for plants stems and stretches out hole.
It preferably, further include drip irrigation emitter, the drip irrigation emitter is equipped with multiple drip heads, and each drip head protrudes into described
It cultivates case and is uniformly distributed.
It preferably, further include radiator fan, the radiator fan is connected to the cultivation case by the blast pipe that radiates.
It preferably, further include that soil moisture temperature sensor and the soil moisture temperature sensor can communicate to connect
Controller, for control solenoid valve that trickle irrigation channel opens or closes and for place the radiator fan, the solenoid valve with
The integrated box of the controller, the radiator fan and the solenoid valve are communicatively coupled with the controller respectively, work as institute
When stating soil moisture temperature sensor and detecting soil moisture in the cultivation case lower than preset value, the controller controls institute
Solenoid valve unlatching is stated, trickle irrigation channel is opened；When the soil moisture temperature sensor detects that the soil in the cultivation case is wet
When degree is higher than preset value, the controller controls the solenoid valve and closes, and trickle irrigation channel is closed；When the soil moisture temperature passes
When sensor detects that the soil moisture in the cultivation case is higher than preset value, the controller controls the radiator fan and opens；
When the soil moisture temperature sensor detects the soil moisture in the cultivation case lower than preset value, the controller control
The radiator fan is made to close.
Preferably, heating heating wire is equipped in the cultivation case.
It preferably, further include cultivation device, the cultivation device includes positioned at the lower pond of lower part, positioned at top
The upper pool in portion and water pump for the water in the lower pond to be pumped into the upper pool, the lower pond and the upper pool it
Between be equipped with upper hose, the hydroful reflux unit is connected to the lower pond, and the upper pool passes through with the drip irrigation emitter to be lauched
Pipe connection.
Preferably, the upper pool is connected to running water pipe, and floating ball is equipped between the running water pipe and the upper pool
Valve, when the water level of the upper pool is lower than predeterminated position, the ball-cock assembly is opened, and intake tunnel is opened；When the upper pool
Water level is higher than predeterminated position, and the ball-cock assembly is closed, and intake tunnel is closed.
Preferably, at least one cultivation for being used to place the cultivation case is equipped between the upper pool and the lower pond
Frame.
Preferably, the cultivation device is additionally provided with deep rooting plant cultivation case, soil in the deep rooting plant cultivation case
Depth be greater than it is described cultivation case in soil depth.
Preferably, the bottom end of the cultivation device is equipped with tool placed layer.
In technical solution provided by the invention, a kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment, including planted for cultivating
The cultivation case of strain, the bottom for cultivating case are equipped with water tank, porous plate are equipped between water tank and cultivation case, so as to cultivate the soil of case
Water in earth enters water tank through porous plate, and water tank is equipped with the hydroful reflux unit for draining, cultivates and set at the top of case
There is cover board, cover board is equipped with multiple culture holes.So set, balcony roof ventilation preferably, even if opposing seal air remain to from
Gap around base of the plant enters in cultivation case, and tests and show that soil can be received with plant root growth in cultivation case
Contracting, cultivation chamber interior wall generates gap, and generates aerial root in soil surface, is able to satisfy root system respiration needs, cultivates moisture content in case
Evaporation rate is slack-off, and the soil moisture is relatively stable, and close to temperature on average, superfluous water enters lower part water tank, passes through after water storage is full
Hydroful reflux unit is discharged to external water storage device, and water tank has heat insulation effect, prevents low temperature frost phase soil from easily freezing and destroys root
System, cultivates the top setting cover board of case, and plants stems stretch out culture hole growth, reduce the growing space of weeds, to solve
Megathermal period soil moisture, which easily evaporates, makes plant high temperature water shortage cause plant strain growth bad or dead；Low temperature frost phase soil is easily tied
Ice destroys root system；Heavy rain or heavy rain cause soil and fertilizer loss to block sewer, and ponding causes root system anaerobic respiration to have
Noxious material；Moisture evaporation is fast, and it is hardened that irrigation times are excessively also easy to produce the soil salinization；Weed growth space is big；Family's nursery, training
It educates small-sized rare flower cultivars and lacks the problem of place lacks equipment.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that case is cultivated in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment in the embodiment of the present invention.
In Fig. 1~2:
1- cultivates case, 2- water tank, 3- porous plate, 4- cultivation device, 5- hydroful reflux unit, 6- culture hole, 7-
Plant stretches out hole, 8- semilune temperature and humidity holding plate, 9- drip irrigation emitter, 10- soil moisture temperature sensor, 11- integrated box, 12-
Downcomer, 13- power supply circuit, 14- upper pool, pond under 15-, 16- water pump, 17- upper hose, 18- ball-cock assembly, 19- tool are put
Layer, 20- cultivating stand are set, 21- deep rooting plant cultivates case, 22- water level controller, 23- balcony ceiling fixture, the 24- sun
Energy power supply unit, 25-wifi remote camera, 26- balcony balustrade, 27- heat dissipation blast pipe, 28- heat heating wire.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, technical solution of the present invention will be carried out below
Detailed description.Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained institute without making creative work
There is other embodiment, belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.
Present embodiment is designed to provide a kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment, solves high temperature
Phase soil moisture, which easily evaporates, makes plant high temperature water shortage cause plant strain growth bad or dead；Low temperature frost phase soil easily freezes broken
Bad root system；Heavy rain or heavy rain lead to soil and fertilizer loss blocks sewer, and ponding causes root system anaerobic respiration to generate Toxic
Matter；Moisture evaporation is fast, and it is hardened that irrigation times are excessively also easy to produce the soil salinization；Weed growth space is big；Family's nursery, cultivation are small
Type rare flower cultivars lack the problem of place lacks equipment.
Hereinafter, being illustrated referring to attached drawing to embodiment.In addition, embodiments illustrated below is not to recorded in claim
Summary of the invention rise any restriction effect.In addition, the full content of composition represented by following example is not limited to as right
Necessary to the solution invented documented by it is required that.
Fig. 1~2 are please referred to, present embodiment provides a kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment, including
For the cultivation case 1 of cultivating plants, cultivates case 1 and use thermal insulation material, preferably use polystyrene extruded sheet, extruded sheet is not easy
It is permeable, lower thermal coefficient can be kept for a long time, and moderate, polystyrene foam plastics can also be used, can also be used
Polyurethane foam material.Cultivating 1 surface of case can be plank, thermoplastic plate, it is preferred to use glass fiber reinforced plastics composite material, surface apply
The glass reinforced plastic cultivation case 1 of brush F-C paint is specious, and outdoor service life avoided white up to 20 years or more to a certain extent
Pollution.It cultivates and uses organic nutrient soil in case 1, crop field environmental condition can be imitated by organic production regulation and realize balcony roof fruits and vegetables
Plantation.The bottom for cultivating case 1 is equipped with water tank 2, and water tank 2 is highly about 50 millimeters, the soil horizon of water tank 2 and cultivation case 1
It is isolated by porous plate 3, cultivates water extra in the soil of case 1 through porous plate 3 and enter water tank 2.Water tank 2 is equipped with and is used for
The hydroful reflux unit 5 of draining, hydroful reflux unit 5 are siphon pipe, then certainly when the water level in water tank 2 reaches preset water level
Dynamic emptying.Siphon pipe is inverted u-shaped, and one end connects external Drainage pipe, and one end is placed in 2 bottom of water tank, and the top of siphon pipe is leaned on
Nearly 3 lower part of porous plate, with the rising of the water surface in water tank 2, the water level in siphon pipe also rises, when the top for being more than siphon pipe
When water start to outbound flow, at this moment top air pocket is driven by circulating water, outbound flows with water in negative pressure state, in this way can be with
Constantly water in water tank 2 is drawn into close to bottom nozzle end.
300 millimeters high in cultivation case 1, deep rooting plant cultivates in case high 500 millimeters or more.The top for cultivating case 1 is equipped with lid
The material of plate, cover board is identical as the cultivation material of case 1, opens up the culture hole 6 of 75 millimeters of serial diameter, pitch of holes on the cover board
150 millimeters, two pieces of semilune temperature and humidity holding plates 8 are set in culture hole 6, the top edge of two pieces of semilune temperature and humidity holding plates 8 is prominent
1 millimeter out, the upper end diameter is 77 millimeters, and lower end diameter is 74.5 millimeters, two pieces of insertion cultivations of semilune temperature and humidity holding plate 8
In hole 6, guarantee will not fall down.The semilune temperature and humidity holding plate 8 of two pieces of same sizes docks, and the plant that centre is formed stretches out
Hole 7, bore dia are 30 millimeters, and base of the plant stretches out plant and stretches out the growth of hole 7, and it is in cultivation case 1 and extraneous that plant, which stretches out hole 7 also,
Gas exchanges provide channel, and reduce the growing space of weeds.Two pieces of semilune temperature and humidity holding plates 8 are taken out when cultivation operation
It can transplant seedlings or harvest, solve the drawbacks of cover board can not take out sometimes when cultivating larger plant, usually convenient for holding cultivation
Temperature and humidity in case 1.The plant do not cultivated stretches out hole 7 with sponge plug beyond the Great Wall.According to plant size with 150 when practical cultivation
Millimeter spacing is that unit determines that 150 millimeters of plant/line spacing can be used in plant/line spacing, leaf vegetables, and capsicum, eggplant etc. are using 300 millis
Rice, sponge gourd, cucumber, balsam pear, tomato are more a little bigger.
So set, balcony roof ventilation preferably, even if opposing seal air remain to from the gap around base of the plant into
Enter to cultivate in case 1, and test and show that soil can be shunk with plant root growth in cultivation case, cultivation chamber interior wall generates empty
Gap, and aerial root is generated in soil surface, it is able to satisfy root system respiration needs.
The pellet shape in imitative crop field is made in organic nutrient soil in another cultivation case 1, and gas permeability is fine.Cultivate moisture evaporation in case 1
Rate is slack-off, and the soil moisture is relatively stable, close to temperature on average, avoids high temperature water shortage, moisture evaporation is slow, and irrigation times subtract
It is few, avoid the generation soil salinization hardened.Cultivation case 1 has heat insulation effect, can prevent low temperature frost phase frost in the soil from destroying root system.
Superfluous water enters the water tank 2 of cultivation 1 lower part of case, is discharged to external water storage device by siphon pipe after water storage is full, prevents ponding.
In addition, it can be changed to shading net in summer cover board since this equipment has heat preservation, cooling, heating, moisture-keeping functions,
Cover board can be changed to awning film in winter, and heating heating wire 28 can be spread in soil, is formed a small-sized greenhouse, can be with
Vernalization, nursery, the small-sized rare flower cultivars of cultivation etc. on porous plate in the case.
Vernalization can spread out upper two layers wet towel on porous plate 3, and seed is put in centre, and soil is heated heating wire 28 and soil
Earth Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor probe is put in the water of water tank 2, due to the convection properties of water, can constant germination temperature, for melon
Class leaf vegetables presprouting of seeds is used.
Megathermal period nursery and rare flower cultivars cultivation, can remove cover board, upper covering shading net avoids direct sunlight, porous
Directly spread a thin layer Nutrition Soil on plate, underthrust absorbent cotton sliver, soil is upper can to put biscuiting basin or commercially available small flower again, cultivation seedling in basin
And rare flower cultivars, water can wick into soil horizon above from lower part water tank 2, keep the wet of soil.Due to element
Saggar(-ger) good water absorption is influenced by the flowing of balcony roof air, and water easily evaporates, and temperature in case 1 is cultivated after evaporation just to be reduced, week
It is same to enclose soil, cold air sinks, and surrounding and bottom are heat-barrier material, is formed one in entirely cultivation case 1 in this way
It is a to moisten refrigerant subenvironment.Commercially available small flower is poor due to the soil water evaporation of place mat on porous plate 3 and basin soil water evaporation, effect
Seldom.Hypothermic phase nursery and can not resist cold rare flower cultivars cultivation, only heat-preserving cover plate above need to be changed to greenhouse film, with vernalization grasp
Make similar.Since cultivation case 1 has the function of heat preservation and heat dissipation, it is able to satisfy home gardening needs.
It further include drip irrigation emitter 9 in specific embodiments of the present invention, drip irrigation emitter 9 is equipped with more as optional embodiment
A drip head, each drip head protrude into cultivation case 1 and are uniformly distributed, drip head soil watering into cultivation case 1.
It further include radiator fan in some embodiments, radiator fan is connected to cultivation case 1 by the blast pipe 27 that radiates, if
It is higher to cultivate the temperature inside the box, can be dried and be radiated into cultivation case 1 by radiator fan, the soil moisture is made to be maintained at 28 DEG C or less.
It further include soil moisture temperature sensor 10, controller and for controlling trickle irrigation in the preferred embodiment of the present embodiment
The solenoid valve that channel opens or closes, soil moisture temperature sensor 10 and solenoid valve are communicatively coupled with controller respectively,
When soil moisture temperature sensor 10 detects the soil moisture in cultivation case 1 lower than preset value, controller controls solenoid valve
It opens, trickle irrigation channel is opened；When soil moisture temperature sensor 10 detects that the soil moisture in cultivation case 1 is higher than preset value
When, controller controls solenoid valve and closes, and trickle irrigation channel is closed；Radiator fan is communicatively coupled with controller, works as soil moisture
When temperature sensor 10 detects that the soil moisture in cultivation case 1 is higher than preset value, controller controls radiator fan and opens；Work as soil
When earth Moisture/temperaturesensor sensor 10 detects the soil moisture in cultivation case 1 lower than preset value, controller controls radiator fan and closes
It closes.So set, soil moisture temperature can be made to remain in reasonable range in the plant growth busy season.Soil moisture temperature
Prestige alliance scholar brand soil moisture 4~20mA of temperature transmitter (model VMS-3000-TR-I20) can be used in sensor, the transmitter
There are soil moisture output line and soil moisture output line.By this two lines in solenoid valve, radiator fan and control circuit box 11
With power supply ground terminal connect respectively after upper 100 Ohmic resistance resistance by side of the positive electrode have 0.4-2.0 volt voltage change correspond to 4~
The output of 20mA electric current, then adjustable resistance is flanked close to anode in above-mentioned two resistance respectively, then connect NPN type triode base stage (such as
9013 models), controller can be relay, and contact relay is distinguished in transistor collector side, and two relays connect solenoid valve respectively
With small-sized centrifugal radiator fan, adjustable resistance is adjusted when soil moisture is partially dry and opens solenoid valve trickle irrigation, when the soil moisture is higher
When adjust another adjustable resistance and open radiator fan.
Controller, solenoid valve and radiator fan are arranged in integrated box 11, are prevented from being exposed to outside and are easily damaged.Control
Device, solenoid valve and radiator fan pass through power supply circuit 13 and connect with solar power supply apparatus 24.
Since balcony area is relatively narrow, the multifunctionality of equipment is necessary.Preferably, this equipment also has
Vernalization, cold season nursery function.For example many vegetable seeds such as balsam pear, bottle gourd require heating vernalization, need after early spring budding
Heat nursery.Be furnished on porous plate 3 soil heating heating wire, only need in above-mentioned temperature-control circuit one NPN type three of adjunction
Pole pipe, then contact relay, the normally closed termination soil of relay heat heating wire, rotary adjustable resistance calibration heating ceiling temperature.When
When warm temperature rises to ceiling temperature, the actuating of relay, heating circuit is cut off；When warm temperature is lower than ceiling temperature,
Relay power supply circuit is cut off, and heats closing of circuit.Cooling heating change-over switch is separately set, radiator fan malfunction after heating is prevented
Make, by switch conversion to cooling shelves when summer need to cool down.Alternating current can be used in heating wire heating.Vernalization can be spread out on porous plate 3
Seed is put in two layers of wet towel, centre, and soil is heated heating wire 28 and soil moisture temperature sensor probe is put in water storage
In the water of case 2, due to the convection properties of water, can constant germination temperature, for melon leaf vegetables presprouting of seeds use.
In addition, balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment further includes cultivation device 4, relatively due to balcony area
It is narrow, the structure combined is cultivated using three-dimensional and plane, cultivation device 4 includes positioned at the lower pond 15 of lower part, positioned at top
The upper pool 14 in portion and water pump 16 for the water in lower pond 15 to be pumped into upper pool 14, set between lower pond 15 and upper pool 14
There is upper hose 17, upper pool 14 is connected to drip irrigation emitter 9 by downcomer 12.It further include the water level controller being electrically connected with water pump
22, when the water level in the lower pond 15 is higher than the first predeterminated position, water level controller 22 controls the water pump and opens, and makes to be lauched
The water in pond 15 is pumped into upper pool 14 by upper hose 17, when the water level in pond 15 is lower than the second predeterminated position instantly, water level controller
The 22 control water pumps are closed.Water level controller 22 is connect by power supply circuit 13 with solar power supply apparatus 24.Further,
Hydroful reflux unit 5 is connected to lower pond 15, and automatic siphon after 2 hydroful of water tank is made to pass back into lower pond 15.Such as use plane
Cultivation is securable on the inside of guardrail when balcony guardrail 26 is metal structure, can also be placed directly on ground or other shelfs.
As optional embodiment, in specific embodiments of the present invention, upper pool 14 is connected to running water pipe, originally
14 are equipped with ball-cock assembly 18 between water pipe and upper pool, and when 14 water levels of upper pool are lower than predeterminated position, ball-cock assembly 18 is opened, water inlet
It opens in channel；When the water level of upper pool 14 is higher than predeterminated position, ball-cock assembly 18 is closed, and intake tunnel is closed.So set, making
Pond 14 is automatically replenished, and keeps appropriate water level.
Further, at least one cultivating stand 20 for being used to place cultivation case 1 is equipped between upper pool 14 and lower pond 15.
The side positioned at lower pond 15 of cultivation device 4 is additionally provided with deep rooting plant cultivation case 21, and deep rooting plant cultivates the knot of case 21
Structure and cultivation case 1 are consistent, and the soil level that deep rooting plant cultivates case 21 is greater than cultivation case 1.The large size melon and fruit class such as pumpkin, wax gourd
Plant water requirement is big, is cultivated with deep rooting plant cultivation case 21, cultivates 300 millimeters high in case 1, height in deep rooting plant cultivation case 21
500 millimeters or more.The bottom end of cultivation device 4 is equipped with tool placed layer 19, for placing the cover board removed, culture hole accessory
And plant protection tool etc..
For the stabilization for keeping cultivation device 4, balcony day is equipped at four, the top angle of the shelf of cultivation device 4
Flower board fixer 23, balcony ceiling fixture 23 increase foot pad using adjustable, which uses internal and external threads fitting knot
Structure, internal screw thread outside, which is inserted into stand tube, to be fixed, and external screw thread one end is foot pad, is screwed in after fixing internal screw thread and is realized Telescopic,
It is close to fix with balcony ceiling.For energy conservation and environmental protection, this facility all uses solar photovoltaic generation system to power, and plants in solid
Solar power supply apparatus 24 is arranged in the top for training device 4.It is also provided with wifi remote camera 25 and long-range control relay, it can
Remotely plant strain growth situation is observed in real time with mobile phone or computer, it can remote manual manipulation water pump, the equipment work such as solenoid valve.For more
Daylighting well, whole device can determine moisture storage capacity and cultivation 1 quantity of case according to design load-bearing close to balcony balustrade 26.
This equipment be can also be used and pour aqueous mode manually after cutting is solar powered in more season rainy days.But in high temperature
Phase pours under aqueous mode manually, and plant growing way does not have that automatic mode is good, and yield is without automatic mode height, large labor intensity.Manual
It pours under aqueous mode, the megathermal period is tested every case daily and at least poured twice.
Organic farming is simpler compared with nutrient fluid cultivation, and loading onto Nutrition Soil and having added to manage usually after fertilizer only needs to water, and uses
Organic production regulation allow using pesticide, growth the busy season impose organic fertilizer.
With regard to some main vegetables and grape, fig by organic production regulation 6 buildings southeast to balcony and roof system
Column experiment, it was demonstrated that said effect can be reached, the type of test has: capsicum, tomato, eggplant, cowpea, kidney bean, sponge gourd, cucumber,
Wax gourd, pumpkin, balsam pear, watermelon, pakchoi, water spinach, sweet potato, green onion, curled mallow, grape, fig, romaine lettuce, three-coloured amaranth, leek.
All kinds all produce aerial root in soil surface, and roof container heavy rain does not also have ponding, and plant grows fine.Time-division in midsummer
Growing way has also been more than field production crop, because at this moment crop field also starts water shortage and since bottom concealment dead twigs and withered leaves is more, disease pest
Evil is more.Summer installs shading screen additional on cultivating stand on this basis, and winter installs film additional around cultivating stand, and cultivation effect can be more
It is good.The application combines the advantages of balcony roof cultivation: illumination is sufficient；Wind-force greatly will not hypocapnia；The big benefit of day and night temperature
In sucrose accumulation；Pest and disease damage is relatively light etc.；Overcome current balcony roof cultivation disadvantage to a certain extent: moisture loss is fast,
The fine day easily non-irrigated rainy day is easily flooded；Freeze seedling when burn seedlings low temperature when high temperature；Volume weight of soils lacks salination easy to harden etc..The acquirement of above-mentioned advantage
Main is exactly that one that can meet organic production regulation is provided by the balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment of the application
Convenient stable root growth environment.
For field production since soil layer is deep, the items physicochemical property such as temperature humidity salinity pH value is more stable, is suitble to root system raw
It is long.Balcony roof is limited by load-bearing capacity, it is impossible to be indiscriminately imitated, it is unstable that the application solves root growth environment to a certain extent
This fixed problem enables plant to approach the growth of the environmental condition in crop field.Pure mountain soil, the decomposed object of crop material are used simultaneously
And miberal powder etc. has prevented heavy metals exceeding standard and pesticide residue so that biogas slurry is concentrated as top dressing with organic nutrient soil.Some are mentioned
Automobile exhaust pollution balcony roof fruits and vegetables in air out, it is believed that first is that plant itself have the function of degradation of contaminant with
It raises flowers and purifies that air is the same, what another plant stomata absorbed is that carbon dioxide micro in air compares gas with human breathing effect
Body exchange is weak mostly, so worrying that tail gas pollution balcony roof fruits and vegetables are extra.In addition country just improves ecology energetically now
Environment, urban ground greening are done well, and vertical greening includes that balcony roof greening is also done well, just has many pionners to help
Air is purified, people can also breathe more ozone, eat the fruits and vegetables of healthier cleaning.Organic farming is the green of sustainable development
Color cultivation, is best suitable for plant demand.
It should be noted that the device or component of the different function in above-mentioned each embodiment can be combined, for example,
Balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment in the present embodiment cultivates the bottom of case 1 including the cultivation case 1 for cultivating plants
Portion is equipped with the water tank 2 of heat preservation material, porous plate 3 is equipped between water tank 2 and cultivation case 1, so that more in the soil of cultivation case 1
Remaining water enters water tank 2 through porous plate 3, and water tank 2 is equipped with the siphon pipe for draining, and the top of cultivation case 1 is equipped with lid
Plate, cover board are equipped with multiple culture holes 6, are respectively equipped with two pieces of semilune temperature and humidity holding plates 8 in each culture hole 6, and two and half
Month shape temperature and humidity holding plate 8 docks, to form the plant stretching hole 7 stretched out for plants stems.It further include drip irrigation emitter 9 and radiation air
Fan, drip irrigation emitter 9 are equipped with multiple drip heads, and each drip head protrudes into cultivation case 1 and is uniformly distributed, radiator fan and cultivation case 1
It is connected to by heat dissipation blast pipe 27.Further include soil moisture temperature sensor 10, can communicate with soil moisture temperature sensor 10
The controller of connection and the solenoid valve opened or closed for controlling trickle irrigation channel, radiator fan and solenoid valve respectively with controller
It is communicatively coupled, when soil moisture temperature sensor 10 detects the soil moisture in cultivation case 1 lower than preset value, control
Device controls solenoid valve and opens, and trickle irrigation channel is opened；When soil moisture temperature sensor 10 detects the soil moisture in cultivation case 1
When higher than preset value, controller controls solenoid valve and closes, and trickle irrigation channel is closed.Similarly, soil high-temperature control is by controller control
Radiator fan processed is realized.Low Soil Temperature control: being equipped with heating heating wire 28 in cultivation case 1, heating heating wire 28 connects alternating current,
On-off is controlled by relay by controller, when soil moisture temperature sensor detects that the soil moisture in cultivation case 1 is lower than
When preset value, controller connects heating heating wire circuit；When soil moisture temperature sensor detects the soil temperature in cultivation case
When degree is higher than preset value, controller disconnects heating heating wire circuit；Soil cooling in summer and winter-spring season heating pass through in cultivation case 1
Change-over switch selection prevents radiator fan after heating from malfunctioning, by switch conversion to cooling shelves when summer need to cool down.
Balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment further includes cultivation device 4, and cultivation device 4 includes lower pond
15, upper pool 14 and the water pump 16 for the water in lower pond 15 to be pumped into upper pool 14, set between lower pond 15 and upper pool 14
There is upper hose 17, hydroful reflux unit 5 is connected to lower pond 15, and upper pool 14 is connected to drip irrigation emitter 9 by downcomer 12.Upper water
Pond 14 is connected to running water pipe, and 14 are equipped with ball-cock assembly 18 between running water pipe and upper pool.Between upper pool 14 and lower pond 15
It is used to place the cultivating stand 20 of cultivation case 1 equipped at least one.Cultivation device 4 is additionally provided with deep rooting plant cultivation case 21, deep
The depth of soil is greater than the depth of soil in cultivation case 1 in root plant cultivation box 21.
So set, the megathermal period reduces Root temperature, make up to when ground temperature mean temperature or more down to local wet bulb
Temperature；The anti-soil frost of hypothermic phase；Prevent rain drop erosion soil, will not ponding there is damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, will not leaching loss water soluble fertilizer, no
Can outflow blocking sewer because of mud；Reduce irrigation amount, water-saving and avoid soil hardening, salination, often the drawbacks of watering be
It will lead to salt accumulation in soil, form one layer of salt efflorescence on surface, unfavorable to plant strain growth, experiment shows to adopt in plant seedling stage
Even if the soil that do not water in a week can still keep moisture state with this facility during high temperature；Weeds do not have growing space, are not required to
Weeding；One can be built in the megathermal period for some small-sized flowers and seedling using this facility and moisten refrigerant subenvironment, low
The warm phase can form a small greenhouse；The evaporation for reducing soil moisture makes soil be always maintained at suitable moisture state, several in experiment
Whole kinds all produce aerial root in soil surface, and aerial root has respiratory function, and can absorb the moisture in air, more sharp
In plant strain growth.It can solve family's nursery, cultivate the scarce plant issue in the scarce place of small-sized rare flower cultivars.And this equipment has more
Kind purposes can be also used for home food processing and such as ferment.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, should all cover
Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of balcony roof organic imitation field production equipment, which is characterized in that including the cultivation case (1) for cultivating plants,
The material of cultivation case (1) is thermal insulation material, and the bottom of cultivation case (1) is equipped with water tank (2), the water tank (2)
Porous plate (3) are equipped between cultivation case (1), so that extra water is through described more in the soil of cultivation case (1)
Orifice plate (3) enters the water tank (2), and the water tank (2) is equipped with the hydroful reflux unit (5) for draining, the cultivation
The top of case (1) is equipped with cover board, and the cover board is equipped with multiple culture holes (6), is respectively equipped with two in each culture hole (6)
Block semilune temperature and humidity holding plate (8), two pieces of semilune temperature and humidity holding plate (8) docking are stretched out with being formed for plants stems
Plant stretch out hole (7).
2. cultivating device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include drip irrigation emitter (9), the drip irrigation emitter (9) sets
There are multiple drip heads, each drip head protrudes into the cultivation case (1) and is uniformly distributed.
3. cultivating device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it further include radiator fan, the radiator fan and institute
It states cultivation case (1) and passes through heat dissipation blast pipe (27) connection.
4. cultivating device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include soil moisture temperature sensor (10), with
Controller that the soil moisture temperature sensor (10) can communicate to connect, the electromagnetism opened or closed for controlling trickle irrigation channel
Valve and integrated box (11) for placing the radiator fan, the solenoid valve and the controller, the radiator fan and institute
It states solenoid valve to be communicatively coupled with the controller respectively, when the soil moisture temperature sensor (10) detects the cultivation
When training the soil moisture in case (1) lower than preset value, the controller controls the solenoid valve and opens, and trickle irrigation channel is opened；When
When the soil moisture temperature sensor (10) detects that the soil moisture in cultivation case (1) is higher than preset value, the control
Device processed controls the solenoid valve and closes, and trickle irrigation channel is closed；When the soil moisture temperature sensor (10) detects the cultivation
When training the soil moisture in case (1) higher than preset value, the controller controls the radiator fan and opens；When the soil moisture
When temperature sensor (10) detects the soil moisture in cultivation case (1) lower than preset value, described in the controller control
Radiator fan is closed.
5. cultivating device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be equipped with heating heating wire in the cultivation case (1)
(28)。
6. cultivating device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that it further include cultivation device (4), the three-dimensional cultivation
Training device (4) includes the lower pond (15) positioned at lower part, the upper pool (14) positioned at top and is used for the lower pond (15)
Water be pumped into the water pumps (16) of the upper pool (14), upper hose is equipped between the lower pond (15) and the upper pool (14)
(17), the hydroful reflux unit (5) is connected to the lower pond (15), and the upper pool (14) and the drip irrigation emitter (9) are logical
Cross downcomer (12) connection.
7. cultivating device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the upper pool (14) is connected to running water pipe, institute
It states and is equipped with ball-cock assembly (18) between running water pipe and the upper pool (14), when (14) water level of the upper pool is lower than default position
It sets, the ball-cock assembly (18) is opened, and intake tunnel is opened；It is described floating when the water level of the upper pool (14) is higher than predeterminated position
Ball valve (18) is closed, and intake tunnel is closed.
8. cultivating device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the upper pool (14) and the lower pond (15) it
Between be equipped at least one be used for place it is described cultivation case (1) cultivating stand (20).
9. cultivating device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the cultivation device (4) is additionally provided with deep take root in
Object cultivates case (21), and the depth of described deep rooting plant cultivation case (21) interior soil is greater than the depth of described cultivation case (1) interior soil.
10. cultivating device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the bottom end of the cultivation device (4) is equipped with work
Have placed layer (19).
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| CN112005784A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-01 | 和县德生农业发展有限公司 | Leaf vegetable three-dimensional cultivation system and implementation method thereof |
| CN112568002A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-03-30 | 北京华雨奥博农业科技有限公司 | Soil three-dimensional cultivation method and application device |
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| CN111183823A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-22 | 南京慧瞳作物表型组学研究院有限公司 | Cultivation device of soil temperature is adjusted to contact |
| CN111183823B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-11-18 | 南京慧瞳作物表型组学研究院有限公司 | Cultivation device of soil temperature is adjusted to contact |
| CN112005784A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-01 | 和县德生农业发展有限公司 | Leaf vegetable three-dimensional cultivation system and implementation method thereof |
| CN112005784B (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-04-22 | 和县德生农业发展有限公司 | Leaf vegetable three-dimensional cultivation system and implementation method thereof |
| CN112568002A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2021-03-30 | 北京华雨奥博农业科技有限公司 | Soil three-dimensional cultivation method and application device |
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