CN110328219B - Kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device and kitchen waste pretreatment recovery method - Google Patents
Kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device and kitchen waste pretreatment recovery method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110328219B CN110328219B CN201910724884.8A CN201910724884A CN110328219B CN 110328219 B CN110328219 B CN 110328219B CN 201910724884 A CN201910724884 A CN 201910724884A CN 110328219 B CN110328219 B CN 110328219B
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- kitchen waste
- dryer
- kitchen
- dehydrator
- water supply
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- UQMRAFJOBWOFNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl UQMRAFJOBWOFNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005360 mashing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
- B02C18/10—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged above container
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/14—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with only one screw or worm
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/04—Garbage
Abstract
The invention discloses a kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device which comprises a machine body 1, a crusher 2, a screw extrusion type dehydrator 3, a dryer 4, a storage device 5, a packaging frame 6 and a vacuum packaging device 7, and has the characteristics of simple structure, high treatment speed and convenience in use. The invention also discloses a kitchen waste pretreatment recovery method, which comprises the steps of crushing kitchen waste by the crusher 2, then carrying out screw extrusion type squeezing dehydration by the dehydrator 3, drying by the dryer 4, discharging to the storage 5 for temporary storage, placing a packaging bag on the packaging frame 6, discharging solid kitchen Yu Ding in the storage 5 to the packaging bag, finally carrying out vacuum packaging on the solid kitchen waste packaged by the packaging bag, thereby being capable of storing the pretreated kitchen waste for a long time, avoiding mildew, bacteria breeding, stinking and the like in a short time, providing conditions for subsequent unified collection, storage, transportation and post-treatment, and having better popularization.
Description
[ field of technology ]
The invention relates to a kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device and a kitchen waste pretreatment recovery method.
[ background Art ]
Kitchen remainder is one kind of organic garbage including leftovers, vegetable leaves, fruit peels, eggshells, tea leaves, bones, shells and the like, and is widely used as source raw materials and cooked foods or residues in domestic diet. Along with the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, kitchen waste is the most important household waste, the kitchen waste is usually treated by directly throwing garbage bags into garbage stations after being packed, the kitchen waste has higher water content and large volume, a large amount of household waste is piled up, a large amount of land is occupied, and underground water resources are polluted, so that the living environment and the physical health of people are seriously influenced.
In some existing kitchen waste treatment technologies, as shown in patent number CN201510114705.0, a household kitchen waste treatment device is generally used for treating kitchen waste:
1. firstly, slightly draining kitchen waste, preferably slightly taking water, directly pouring the kitchen waste into a fermentation barrel,
2. then the matched bacteria (10 g of bacteria are scattered in every 5cm thick kitchen waste) are scattered, the cover is tightly covered (the sealing rubber ring can play a good sealing role),
3. the drainage switch is turned on, a small amount of water flows out, the drainage switch is turned off immediately, the power supply and the starting switch are turned on, the indicator lights are all turned on, the machine runs normally,
4. the kitchen garbage in the barrel is crushed and stirred by the handle, the heating system and the temperature control system provide proper temperature fermentation for the bacterial strain,
5. the drainage switch is turned on every 8 hours to drain the redundant water,
6. after 48 hours, the organic fertilizer can be prepared.
Although these kitchen waste treatment schemes solve the problem of kitchen waste in a certain way from the technical level, the kitchen waste treatment schemes are time-consuming and troublesome to use due to the inconvenience of using the kitchen waste treatment schemes, and in actual daily life, the kitchen waste treatment schemes bring great workload to the life of people, especially urban residents, and the popularization is limited. One result is that although different kitchen waste treatment technologies exist many years ago, few kitchen waste treatment technologies exist in life today, and the kitchen waste problem in daily life of people cannot be really solved.
Based on the situation, the novel kitchen waste treatment technology is researched and developed, the kitchen waste treatment technology has good use convenience while solving kitchen waste, and reduces the burden of daily kitchen waste treatment for people, so that the kitchen waste treatment technology can be popularized among people better, and the kitchen waste problem in daily life is really solved.
[ invention ]
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device, which can store the pretreated kitchen waste for a long time by carrying out pretreatment such as crushing, drying, sterilizing, vacuum packaging and the like on the kitchen waste, and avoid mildew, bacteria breeding, odor generation and the like in a short time, thereby providing conditions for subsequent unified collection, storage, transportation and post-treatment and having the characteristics of simple structure, high treatment speed, convenient use and good popularization performance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device, which comprises:
a machine body 1;
a shredder 2 having a feed opening 21 for shredding kitchen waste;
a screw extrusion type dehydrator 3, wherein a feed inlet of the dehydrator 3 is connected with a discharge outlet of the crusher 2 and is used for dehydrating kitchen residues entering the dehydrator 3, and the dehydrator 3 is provided with a solid material outlet 31 and a sewage outlet 32;
and a dryer 4, wherein a feed inlet of the dryer 4 is connected with the solid material outlet 31 and is used for drying kitchen residues entering the dryer 4.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized by further comprising:
the feeding port of the storage device 5 is connected with the discharging port of the dryer 4 and is used for temporarily storing the dried kitchen waste;
a packing rack 6, which is positioned below the feed opening of the storage 5 and is used for installing packing bags to catch kitchen wastes falling from the feed opening of the storage 5;
and the vacuum packaging device 7 is used for vacuum packaging the packaging bag filled with the solid kitchen residues.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized in that: the utility model discloses a kitchen ware, including the agitator 2, the discharge gate department of agitator 2 is equipped with the first unloading switch 22 that can open the discharge gate of agitator 2 and close, the discharge gate department of desicator 4 is equipped with the second unloading switch 41 that can open the discharge gate of desicator 4 and close, be equipped with humidity transducer 42 in the desicator 4 humidity transducer 42 detects the air in the desicator 4 and reaches the discharge gate of settlement humidity, the discharge gate department of desicator 4 is equipped with the third unloading switch 51 that can open the discharge gate of strorage 5 and close, be equipped with the storage detection sensor 52 that is used for detecting the storage volume of the solid kitchen remains of strorage 5 in the strorage 5, be equipped with the wrapping bag detection sensor 61 that is used for detecting whether install the wrapping bag on the wrapping bag 6 in organism 1 or the wrapping bag 6 detect on the wrapping bag 6 when the air in the desicator 52 detects the wrapping bag 6 and install the third unloading switch that the unloading of strorage 5 reaches the setting volume of strorage 5 when the solid detection sensor 52 detects the ration.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized by further comprising:
a sewage purifier 8, wherein the sewage outlet 32 is connected with the sewage purifier 8 through a pipeline;
a water supply system which is provided with a source water interface 10 connected with an external water source and comprises a first water supply branch 101 for supplying water into the masher 2 and a second water supply branch 102 for supplying water into the sewage purifier 8, wherein a quick heating type heater 103 is arranged on the first water supply branch 101;
the detergent storage box 9 is connected with the first water supply branch 101 and the second water supply branch 102 through pipelines, and the detergent storage box 9 is connected with the first water supply branch 101 and the second water supply branch 102 through pipelines.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized in that: the shredder 2 comprises a shredder housing 20, a shredder blade 23 is arranged in the shredder housing 20, a shredder motor 24 capable of driving the shredder blade 23 to rotate is arranged outside the shredder housing 20, a sealing door 25 capable of opening and closing the feeding opening 21 is arranged on the shredder housing 20, and a sprinkler 26 connected with the first water supply branch 101 is arranged in the shredder housing 20.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized in that: the dehydrator 3 comprises a dehydrator shell 30, wherein an axial screw sheet 33 matched with the dehydrator shell 30 is arranged inside the dehydrator shell 30, and a dehydration motor 34 for driving the axial screw sheet 33 to rotate is arranged outside the dehydrator shell 30.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized in that: the solid material outlet 31 is a conical opening and is arranged at the rear end of the dehydrator casing 30, and the sewage outlet 32 is arranged at the bottom of the dehydrator casing 30.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized in that: the dryer 4 comprises a dryer shell 40, a shaftless spiral piece 42 matched with the dryer shell 40 is arranged in the dryer shell 40, a drying motor 43 used for driving the shaftless spiral piece 42 to rotate positively and negatively is arranged outside the dryer shell 40, and a heating pipe 44 is arranged in a hollow position, which is enclosed by the shaftless spiral piece 42, in the dryer shell 40.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized in that: the dryer shell 40 is connected with an air drying system for circularly blowing air in the dryer shell, the air drying system comprises fans 45 which are respectively connected to the front end and the rear end of the dryer shell 40 through pipelines, and air filters 46 are arranged on air outlets of the fans 45.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device is characterized in that: the storage 5 includes a storage hopper 53 and a vibrating tray 54 for driving the storage hopper 53.
The invention aims to solve the other technical problem of providing a kitchen waste pretreatment recovery method, which can store the pretreated kitchen waste for a long time through pretreatment steps such as crushing, drying, sterilizing, vacuum packaging and the like, and avoid mildew, bacteria breeding, odor generation and the like in a short time, thereby providing conditions for subsequent unified collection, storage, transportation and post-treatment and having the characteristics of high treatment speed and convenient use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the method for preprocessing and recycling kitchen waste comprises the following steps:
A. the kitchen waste is put into the masher 2 from a putting port 21 of a kitchen waste pretreatment device, the kitchen waste pretreatment device comprises a water supply system, the water supply system is provided with a source water interface 10 connected with an external water source, the water supply system comprises a first water supply branch 101 for supplying water to the masher 2, the dryer 4 comprises a dryer shell 40, a shaftless spiral piece 42 matched with the dryer shell 40 is arranged in the dryer shell 40, a drying motor 43 for driving the shaftless spiral piece 42 to rotate forward and reversely is arranged outside the dryer shell 40, a heating pipe 44 is arranged in a hollow position, which is surrounded by the shaftless spiral piece 42, in the dryer shell 40, an air drying system for circulating air is connected to the dryer shell 40, the air drying system comprises fans 45 respectively connected to the front end and the rear end of the dryer shell 40 through pipelines, air filters 46 are arranged on air outlets of the fans 45, and the storage 5 comprises a storage funnel 53 and a vibration disk 54 for driving the storage funnel 53;
B. putting quantitative water into the masher 2 from the first water supply branch 101 according to the set kitchen waste putting amount, and then starting the masher 2 to mash kitchen waste;
C. after the crushing is finished, a discharge hole of the crusher 2 is opened, crushed kitchen waste enters the dehydrator 3, the squeezing dehydration is carried out in a screw extrusion mode, sewage is continuously discharged from the sewage outlet 32 in the screw extrusion process, and solid kitchen waste is continuously discharged from the solid material outlet 31 and enters the dryer 4 after the squeezing dehydration;
D. drying and sterilizing solid kitchen waste: after the solid kitchen waste enters the dryer 4, the solid kitchen waste moves back and forth in the dryer shell 40 through the rotation of the shaftless spiral piece 42, the solid kitchen waste is turned over through the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the shaftless spiral piece 42 and heated by the heating pipe 44 to be dried and sterilized at high temperature, in addition, the fan 45 is started to circularly blow the inside of the dryer shell 40 to drive water vapor to evaporate, and the air is discharged through the air filter 46;
E. after the kitchen is dried to the set humidity, the humidity sensor 42 detects and sends a signal to the control system to open a discharge hole of the dryer 4, and the dried kitchen solids are remained in the storage device 5 for temporary storage through the rotation of the shaftless spiral piece 42;
F. and (3) automatically discharging according to the set kitchen remainder: after the solid kitchen residues in the storage device 5 reach the designed quantity, the storage detection sensor 52 detects and sends a signal to the control system, and simultaneously, after the packaging bag detection sensor 61 detects that the packaging bag is arranged on the packaging frame 6, a blanking opening of the storage device 5 is opened, so that the solid kitchen residues in the storage device 5 are discharged into the packaging bag according to the set quantity;
G. and taking out the packaging bag filled with the solid kitchen residues, and placing the packaging bag into a vacuum packaging device 7 for vacuum packaging.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the kitchen waste is subjected to pretreatment such as crushing, drying, disinfection, vacuum packaging and the like, so that the pretreated kitchen waste can be stored for a long time, mildew, bacteria breeding, odor generation and the like in a short time are avoided, and conditions are provided for subsequent unified collection, storage, transportation and post-treatment.
2. According to the invention, kitchen waste is crushed and then is squeezed and dehydrated in a spiral extrusion mode, the crushed kitchen waste can smoothly rotate along with a spiral structure in the spiral extrusion type dehydrator 3 and is extruded forward, sewage is continuously discharged from the sewage outlet 32 in the spiral extrusion process, solid kitchen waste is continuously discharged from the solid material outlet 31 and enters the dryer 4 after being squeezed and dehydrated, the spiral squeezing dehydration is fast, the dehydration effect is good, and the water content of the dehydrated solid kitchen waste can be less than 30%.
3. According to the invention, the heating pipe 44 is used for heating, drying and high-temperature sterilization, the left and right circular blowing of the air drying system is combined to blow away water vapor, the solid kitchen waste is moved back and forth and turned over by the cooperation of the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the shaftless spiral sheet 42 through the dryer shell 40, the solid kitchen waste is dried and high-temperature sterilized, and the solid kitchen waste in the dryer shell 40 can be turned over during the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the shaftless spiral sheet 42, so that the drying speed is high and the drying uniformity is good.
4. According to the invention, water is automatically injected quantitatively into the masher 2 through the first water supply branch 101, so that the mashing efficiency and mashing effect are improved; in addition, after the pretreatment of the kitchen waste is completed by combining the detergent storage box 9, the detergent is mixed into the water of the first water supply branch 101, the water is sprayed out of the washing and stirring device 2 and the dehydrator through the sprinkler 26, and the sewage is discharged from the sewage outlet 32 and purified through the sewage purifier 8, so that the automatic cleaning is realized. In addition, the water can be heated by the heater 103 and then the masher 2 is rinsed, so that the degreasing and decontamination effects can be improved.
[ description of the drawings ]
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal structural view of an embodiment of a kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a shredder;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a screw extrusion dehydrator;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a dryer;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the storage device.
[ detailed description ] of the invention
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device shown in fig. 1 to 6 comprises a machine body 1, wherein a crusher 2, a screw extrusion type dehydrator 3, a dryer 4, a storage 5, a packaging frame 6 and a vacuum packaging device 7 are arranged in the machine body 1. Wherein, the shredder 2 is provided with a throwing port 21 for shredding kitchen waste; the dehydrator 3 is positioned below the masher 2, a feed inlet of the dehydrator 3 is connected with a discharge outlet at the lower end of the masher 2, the dehydrator 3 is used for dehydrating kitchen residues entering the dehydrator 3, and the dehydrator 3 is provided with a solid material outlet 31 and a sewage outlet 32 so as to be separated into solid and liquid after dehydration and discharged respectively; the feeding port of the dryer 4 is connected with the solid material outlet 31, and the dryer 4 is used for drying kitchen residues entering the dryer; the storage device 5 is positioned below the dryer 4, a feed inlet of the storage device 5 is connected with a discharge outlet of the dryer 4, and the storage device 5 is used for temporarily storing the dried kitchen waste; the packaging frame 6 is located below the feed opening of the storage device 5, and is used for installing packaging bags to catch kitchen residues falling from the feed opening of the storage device 5, preferably, the packaging frame 6 has a drawer type structure and can be pulled out from the machine body 1 so as to assemble and disassemble the packaging bags; the vacuum packaging device 7 is used for vacuum packaging of the packaging bag filled with the solid kitchen waste.
The discharge port of the shredder 2 is provided with a first blanking switch 22 which can open and close the discharge port of the shredder 2, and the discharge port of the shredder 2 is in a closed state when the shredder works, so that kitchen wastes can be better shredded. The discharge gate department of desicator 4 is equipped with the second unloading switch 41 that can open the discharge gate of desicator 4 and close, be equipped with humidity transducer 42 in the desicator 4 for detect air humidity sensor 42 detects when the air in the desicator 4 reaches the settlement humidity, and second unloading switch 41 opens and opens the discharge gate of desicator 4, desicator 4 is at dry during operation, and its discharge gate is in the state of closing, so that kitchen surplus dries to the humidity of settlement. The third blanking switch 51 capable of opening and closing the blanking opening of the storage device 5 is arranged at the blanking opening of the storage device 5, the storage device 5 is internally provided with a storage detection sensor 52 for detecting the storage amount of the solid kitchen waste stored in the storage device 5, the machine body 1 or the packaging frame 6 is internally provided with a packaging bag detection sensor 61 for detecting whether packaging bags are arranged on the packaging frame 6, the blanking opening of the storage device 5 is usually in a closed state, the packaging bags are arranged on the packaging frame 6 detected by the packaging bag detection sensor 61, and when the storage amount of the solid kitchen waste detected by the storage detection sensor 52 reaches a set amount, the third blanking switch 51 is opened and opens the blanking opening of the storage device 5 so as to quantitatively discharge the solid kitchen waste into the packaging bags.
The first blanking switch 22, the second blanking switch 41 and the third blanking switch 51 are driven to be opened and closed by motors, and can be automatically controlled by a control system.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device also comprises a sewage purifier 8, a water supply system and a cleaning agent storage box 9, wherein the sewage outlet 32 is connected with the sewage purifier 8 through a pipeline, and sewage discharged from the dehydrator 3 is purified by the sewage purifier 8 and then discharged, so that environmental pollution is prevented; the water supply system is provided with a source water interface 10 connected with an external water source, and comprises a first water supply branch 101 for supplying water into the masher 2 and a second water supply branch 102 for supplying water into the sewage purifier 8, wherein the first water supply branch 101 is convenient for automatically and quantitatively injecting water into the masher 2 during mashing operation, and battery valves are arranged on the first water supply branch 101 and the second water supply branch 102 for automatically controlling the on-off of the branches; the detergent storage box 9 is connected with the first water supply branch 101 and the second water supply branch 102 through pipelines so as to put mixed liquid of detergent and water into the detergent storage box to clean the crusher 2, the dehydrator 3 and the sewage purifier 8, wherein the outflow of the detergent in the detergent storage box 9 is automatically controlled through arranging a battery valve on the pipelines.
As shown in fig. 3, the shredder 2 includes a shredder housing 20, a shredder blade 23 is disposed in the shredder housing 20, a shredder motor 24 capable of driving the shredder blade 23 to rotate is disposed outside the shredder housing 20, and a sealing door 25 capable of opening and closing the door opening 21 is disposed on the shredder housing 20.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, for better cleaning the masher 2, the first water supply branch 101 is provided with a quick heating heater 103, the masher housing 20 is provided with a sprinkler 26 connected with the first water supply branch 101, and when cleaning, the water can be heated by the heater 103 and then washed by the sprinkler 26, so as to improve the oil and dirt removal effect.
As shown in fig. 4, the dehydrator 3 includes a dehydrator housing 30, a shaft screw sheet 33 matched with the dehydrator housing 30 is disposed inside the dehydrator housing 30, a dehydration motor 34 for driving the shaft screw sheet 33 to rotate is disposed outside the dehydrator housing 30, automatic feeding and squeezing dehydration can be performed through rotation of the shaft screw sheet 33, solid kitchen waste is extruded into the dryer 4, continuous squeezing dehydration and solid kitchen waste extrusion can be performed in the rotation process of the shaft screw sheet 33, the dehydration speed is high, the solid-liquid separation effect is good, and the structure is simple.
The sewage outlet 32 is arranged at the bottom of the dehydrator shell 30, so that the extruded sewage can be conveniently discharged out of the dehydrator shell 30; the solid material outlet 31 is a conical opening and is arranged at the rear end of the dehydrator shell 30, so that water can be squeezed out better, and the solid material outlet 31 is lifted away from the bottom of the dehydrator shell 30, namely, materials at the conical opening are lifted away from the bottom of the dehydrator shell 30, so that water squeezed out better flows to the bottom of the dehydrator shell 30.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 5, the dryer 4 includes a dryer housing 40, a shaftless screw 42 matched with the dryer housing 40 is provided in the dryer housing 40, a drying motor 43 for driving the shaftless screw 42 to rotate forward and backward is provided outside the dryer housing 40, and a heating tube 44 is provided in a hollow position enclosed by the shaftless screw 42 in the dryer housing 40. Front and back feeding can be realized by rotating the shaftless spiral piece 42; the shaftless screw plate 42 is used for heating the inside of the dryer housing 40 by arranging the heating pipe 44 at the hollow position enclosed by the shaftless screw plate 42, drying and sterilizing the solid kitchen waste at high temperature, and turning the solid kitchen waste in the dryer housing 40 when the shaftless screw plate 42 rotates forward and backward, so that the solid kitchen waste can be heated and dried better. Because the hollow structure of shaftless flight 42, for better drying, be connected with the air-drying system that is used for carrying out circulation blowing in it on the desicator casing 40, air-drying system includes the fan 45 that connects respectively at the front and back both ends of desicator casing 40 through the pipeline, through the circulation blowing at front and back both ends, drives vapor evaporation and blows away, be equipped with air cleaner 46 on the air outlet of fan 45, air cleaner 46 optional air filter, and the air is discharged odorless air again after air cleaner 46, avoids producing secondary pollution.
As shown in fig. 6, the storage device 5 comprises a storage funnel 53 and a vibration plate 54, the storage funnel 53 is led to the upper part of the packaging frame 6 through a metal pipeline, and when the storage funnel 53 is discharged, the storage funnel is combined with the vibration plate 54 to perform vibration discharging.
A kitchen waste pretreatment and recovery method comprises the following steps:
A. putting kitchen wastes into the crusher 2 from the putting port 21;
B. according to the set kitchen waste throwing amount, a certain amount of water is put into the masher 2 from the first water supply branch 101, then the masher 2 is started again to mashe kitchen waste, and solid and proper water are mixed, so that mashing is facilitated;
C. after the crushing is finished, a discharge hole of the crusher 2 is opened, the crushed kitchen waste automatically falls into the dehydrator 3 from the top, the spiral extrusion mode is adopted for squeezing and dehydrating, in the spiral extrusion process, sewage is continuously discharged from the sewage outlet 32, the solid kitchen waste is continuously discharged from the solid material outlet 31 and enters the dryer 4 after being squeezed and dehydrated, the spiral squeezing and dehydrating is fast, the dehydrating effect is good, and the water content of the dehydrated solid kitchen waste can be less than 30%;
D. drying and sterilizing solid kitchen waste: after the solid kitchen waste enters the dryer 4, the solid kitchen waste moves back and forth in the dryer shell 40 through the rotation of the shaftless spiral piece 42, the solid kitchen waste is turned over through the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the shaftless spiral piece 42 and is heated by the heating pipe 44 to be dried and sterilized at high temperature, in addition, the fan 45 is started to circularly blow the inside of the dryer shell 40 to drive water vapor to evaporate, the air is discharged through the air filter 46, and the drying speed is high through turning over, heating and air drying;
E. after the kitchen waste is dried to the set humidity, for example, the air humidity is less than 20%, a humidity sensor 42 detects and sends a signal to a control system to open a discharge port of the dryer 4, and the dried kitchen waste is moved to the discharge port of the dryer 4 through the rotation of the shaftless spiral piece 42 and falls into a storage device 5 to be stored temporarily;
F. and (3) automatically discharging according to the set kitchen remainder: after the solid kitchen residues in the storage device 5 reach the designed quantity, the storage detection sensor 52 detects and sends a signal to the control system, and simultaneously, after the packaging bag detection sensor 61 detects that the packaging bag is arranged on the packaging frame 6, a blanking opening of the storage device 5 is opened, so that the solid kitchen residues in the storage device 5 are discharged according to the set quantity and fall into the packaging bag;
G. and taking out the packaging bag filled with the solid kitchen residues, and placing the packaging bag into a vacuum packaging device 7 for vacuum packaging.
The kitchen waste is subjected to pretreatment such as crushing, drying, sterilizing, vacuum packaging and the like, so that the kitchen waste can be stored for a long time, mildew, bacteria breeding, stinking and the like in a short time are avoided, and conditions are provided for subsequent unified collection, storage, transportation and post-treatment.
In the step F, after the solid kitchen residue in the storage 5 reaches the designed number, the display panel 11 prompts that the discharge is required, when the packaging bag is not mounted on the packaging frame 6, the packaging bag is manually placed in the packaging frame, the packaging bag is automatically discharged according to the set number after the packaging bag is detected by the packaging bag detection sensor 61, and after the discharge is completed, the display panel 11 prompts that the discharge is completed; and then, the step G can be carried out, the packaging bag is manually taken out and put into a vacuum packaging port of the vacuum packaging device 7, automatic vacuum packaging is carried out, and the work is completed.
When the dish washer is used daily, the washed kitchen waste is usually directly discharged, in order to solve the kitchen waste problem of the dish washer, the kitchen waste is connected with a dish washer interface 27 connected with a dish washer discharge port through a pipeline, and the kitchen waste discharged by the dish washer is connected into the kitchen waste cutter 2 so as to perform kitchen waste pretreatment.
Of course, in order to realize automatic control, the above-mentioned masher 2, dehydrator 3, dryer 4, storage 5, packaging rack 6, vacuum packaging device 7, sewage purifier 8, display panel 11, water supply system, air drying system, humidity sensor 42, package bag detection sensor 61 and quick heating heater 103 are connected by an electrical connection control system, such as using cables.
The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device and the pretreatment method have the characteristics of simple structure, convenience in operation, high kitchen waste treatment speed, short time, convenience in use and good popularization.
Claims (7)
1. A kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device, which is characterized by comprising:
a machine body (1);
a shredder (2) having a feed opening (21) for shredding kitchen waste;
the spiral extrusion type dehydrator (3), a feed inlet of the dehydrator (3) is connected with a discharge outlet of the crusher (2) and is used for dehydrating kitchen wastes entering the dehydrator (3), and the dehydrator (3) is provided with a solid material outlet (31) and a sewage outlet (32);
the sewage outlet (32) is connected with the sewage purifier (8) through a pipeline;
the dryer (4) is connected with the solid material outlet (31) at the feeding port of the dryer (4) and is used for drying kitchen residues entering the dryer (4);
the feeding port of the storage device (5) is connected with the discharging port of the dryer (4) and is used for temporarily storing the dried kitchen waste;
the storage device (5) comprises a storage funnel (53) and a vibration disc (54) for driving the storage funnel (53);
the packaging frame (6) is positioned below the feed opening of the storage device (5) and is used for installing packaging bags to catch kitchen wastes falling from the feed opening of the storage device (5);
the vacuum packaging device (7) is used for vacuum packaging of the packaging bag filled with the solid kitchen residues;
the utility model discloses a kitchen ware, including drying ware (4), the discharge gate department of masher (2) is equipped with first unloading switch (22) that can open the discharge gate of masher (2) and close, the discharge gate department of drying ware (4) is equipped with second unloading switch (41) that can open the discharge gate of drying ware (4) and close, be equipped with humidity transducer (42) in drying ware (4) when humidity transducer (42) detects that the air in drying ware (4) reaches the settlement humidity, second unloading switch (41) are opened and are opened the discharge gate of drying ware (4), the unloading mouth department of depositing ware (5) is equipped with third unloading switch (51) that can open the unloading mouth of depositing ware (5) and close, be equipped with in depositing ware (5) and be used for detecting the storage volume of solid kitchen surplus that deposits in depositing ware (5), be equipped with in organism (1) or on packing frame (6) and be used for detecting packing bag sensor (61) whether install packing bag sensor (61) on packing frame (6) reach the settlement packing bag, the packing bag sensor (6) is opened in time of depositing material (6) and is reached the third unloading switch (51).
2. The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising:
the water supply system is provided with a source water interface (10) connected with an external water source, the water supply system comprises a first water supply branch (101) for supplying water into the masher (2) and a second water supply branch (102) for supplying water into the sewage purifier (8), and a quick heating type heater (103) is arranged on the first water supply branch (101);
the cleaning agent storage box (9), the cleaning agent storage box (9) is connected with the first water supply branch (101) and the second water supply branch (102) through pipelines.
3. A kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the utility model provides a masher (2) includes masher casing (20), be equipped with masher (23) in masher casing (20), be equipped with outward masher motor (24) that can drive masher (23) pivoted, be equipped with on masher casing (20) and open and close sealing door (25) of throwing in mouth (21), be equipped with sprinkler (26) that are connected with first water supply branch road (101) in masher casing (20).
4. The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device according to claim 1, wherein: the dehydrator (3) comprises a dehydrator shell (30), a shaft spiral sheet (33) matched with the dehydrator shell is arranged inside the dehydrator shell (30), and a dehydration motor (34) for driving the shaft spiral sheet (33) to rotate is arranged outside the dehydrator shell (30).
5. The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device according to claim 1, wherein: the dryer (4) comprises a dryer shell (40), shaftless spiral sheets (42) matched with the dryer shell are arranged in the dryer shell (40), a drying motor (43) used for driving the shaftless spiral sheets (42) to rotate positively and reversely is arranged outside the dryer shell (40), and a heating tube (44) is arranged in a hollow position, surrounded by the shaftless spiral sheets (42), in the dryer shell (40).
6. The kitchen waste pretreatment recovery device according to claim 5, wherein: the dryer is characterized in that the dryer shell (40) is connected with an air drying system for circularly blowing air in the dryer shell, the air drying system comprises fans (45) which are respectively connected to the front end and the rear end of the dryer shell (40) through pipelines, and an air filter (46) is arranged on an air outlet of each fan (45).
7. A method for pretreating and recycling kitchen wastes by using the kitchen waste pretreatment recycling device of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. kitchen waste is put into a shredder (2) from a putting opening (21) of a kitchen waste pretreatment device, the kitchen waste pretreatment device comprises a water supply system, the water supply system is provided with a source water interface (10) connected with an external water source, the water supply system comprises a first water supply branch (101) for supplying water into the shredder (2), the dryer (4) comprises a dryer shell (40), shaftless spiral sheets (42) matched with the dryer shell (40) are arranged in the dryer shell (40), a drying motor (43) for driving the shaftless spiral sheets (42) to rotate forwards and backwards is arranged outside the dryer shell (40), a heating pipe (44) is arranged in a hollow position, which is located in the dryer shell (40), of the shaftless spiral sheets (42), an air drying system for circulating air in the dryer shell (40) is connected with the dryer shell, the air drying system comprises fans (45) respectively connected to the front end and the rear end of the dryer shell (40) through pipelines, and air filters (46) are arranged on air outlets of the fans (45);
B. putting quantitative water into the shredder (2) from the first water supply branch (101) according to the set kitchen waste putting amount, and then starting the shredder (2) to shred the kitchen waste;
C. after the crushing is finished, a discharge hole of the crusher (2) is opened, crushed kitchen waste enters a dehydrator (3), the kitchen waste is squeezed and dehydrated in a screw extrusion mode, sewage is continuously discharged from a sewage outlet (32) in the screw extrusion process, and solid kitchen waste is continuously discharged from a solid material outlet (31) and enters a dryer (4) after being squeezed and dehydrated;
D. drying and sterilizing solid kitchen waste: after the solid kitchen waste enters the dryer (4), the solid kitchen waste moves back and forth in the dryer shell (40) through the rotation of the shaftless spiral sheet (42), the solid kitchen waste is turned over through the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the shaftless spiral sheet (42), and is heated by the heating pipe (44) to be dried and sterilized at high temperature, in addition, a fan (45) is started to circularly blow air in the dryer shell (40) to drive water vapor to evaporate, and the air is discharged through the air filter (46);
E. after the kitchen is dried to the set humidity, a humidity sensor (42) detects and sends a signal to a control system to open a discharge hole of a dryer (4), and the dried kitchen solids are remained in a storage device (5) for temporary storage through rotation of a shaftless spiral sheet (42);
F. and (3) automatically discharging according to the set kitchen remainder: after the solid kitchen residues in the storage device (5) reach the designed quantity, the storage detection sensor (52) detects and sends a signal to the control system, and meanwhile, after the packaging bag detection sensor (61) detects that the packaging bag is arranged on the packaging frame (6), a discharging opening of the storage device (5) is opened, so that the solid kitchen residues in the storage device (5) are discharged into the packaging bag according to the set quantity;
G. and taking out the packaging bag filled with the solid kitchen residues, and placing the packaging bag into a vacuum packaging device (7) for vacuum packaging.
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| CN110918622A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-03-27 | 宋洪涛 | Surplus rubbish recycle treater of meal |
| CN111715659A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-29 | 惠安双婉装修设计中心 | Environment-friendly kitchen waste treatment device |
| CN112197550A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-01-08 | 马鞍山健鼎化工有限公司 | Efficient drying device for producing polyaluminium chloride and working method |
| CN116350509A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-06-30 | 浙江中医药大学 | Method and equipment for decocting traditional Chinese medicine for communities |
| CN113019580B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-07-22 | 江西华利包装科技股份有限公司 | Carton is recycled and is smashed processing equipment |
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