CN110282979A - 一种多孔陶瓷发热体、制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种多孔陶瓷发热体、制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明适用于电子烟技术领域,提供了一种多孔陶瓷发热体、制备方法及应用,多孔陶瓷发热体的制备原料包括骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂,烧结粘接剂由导电料与玻璃粉混合制成。本发明提供的多孔陶瓷发热体自身具有导电能力,无需额外添加发热丝或印刷导电线路,能够消除陶瓷与导电件之间结合性差,热传导不均和导电差异化等不良问题,比现有雾化芯的使用寿命更长。该陶瓷发热体具有多孔结构,能够与烟油充分接触,发热体内部各区域雾化量均匀,烟油雾化后口感细腻。发热方式为晶条自身发热,温度无需从发热丝中传导至晶条,能够有效节省能耗,延长使用时间。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电子烟技术领域,尤其涉及一种多孔陶瓷发热体、制备方法及应用。
背景技术
电子烟是一种模仿卷烟的电子产品,有着与卷烟一样的外观、烟雾、味道和感觉,它是通过雾化等手段,将尼古丁等变成蒸汽后,让用户吸食的一种产品,目前,电子烟正在以不可逆的趋势逐渐取代传统香烟。
电子烟中的核心部件为雾化芯,市面上加热燃烧的雾化芯主要分为两种,棉花雾化芯和陶瓷雾化芯,这两种雾化芯都是由多孔导油部件和发热丝组成,发热丝在使用中会一直处于高温状态。
然而,发热丝长期处于高温状态会不断氧化,导致阻值变化,进而导致发热量及均匀性皆变差,造成雾化的烟雾口感变差。此外,现有的雾化芯在制备时需要经过多次处理,包括热处理、焊接和印刷等,多次处理容易导致雾化芯的一致性出现偏差,如空隙分布、发热量、均匀性、发热区域电阻和析出面面积等。
发明内容
本发明提供一种多孔陶瓷发热体、制备方法及应用,旨在解决现有雾化芯易老化的问题。
本发明是这样实现的,一种多孔陶瓷发热体,由以下组分及重量百分数组成:骨料40-60%、烧结粘接剂5-25%、造孔剂5-20%、过渡溶剂15-30%和添加剂0-5%;
所述骨料为碳化硅、氮化硅、石墨、银、铜和锌中的至少一种;
所述烧结粘接剂为导电料与玻璃粉混匀,加入有机溶剂搅拌均匀,经轧模、模压、烧结、破碎和研磨制成,所述导电料为碳化硅、氮化硅、银、铜、锌、碳纤维、石墨和石墨烯中的至少一种,所述有机溶剂为聚乙烯醇胶水和聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水中的至少一种;
所述造孔剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、淀粉、活性炭和蔗糖中的至少一种;
所述过渡溶剂为聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸中的至少一种;
所述添加剂为碳纤维、炭黑、硅藻土、滑石、高岭土和堇青石中的至少一种。
更进一步地,所述骨料的粒径为15-80μm。
更进一步地,所述烧结粘接剂的粒径为1-3μm。
更进一步地,所述玻璃粉的熔融温度为450-900℃。
更进一步地,所述导电料与玻璃粉的重量比为(0.3-10):1。
更进一步地,所述造孔剂的粒径小于30μm。
更进一步地,所述过渡溶剂为聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸按照体积比10:1组成。
更进一步地,所述添加剂的粒径小于5μm。
本发明还提供多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,包括:按照上述重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂混合均匀,经模压、轧模、注浆或等静压制成生坯,将生胚在500-900℃下烧结并保温0.5-3h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
上述制备方法制备的多孔陶瓷发热体在电子烟中的应用。
本发明提供的多孔陶瓷发热体,自身具有导电能力,无需额外添加发热丝或印刷导电线路,能够消除陶瓷与导电件之间结合性差,热传导不均和导电差异化等不良问题,比现有雾化芯的使用寿命更长。该陶瓷发热体具有多孔结构,能够与烟油充分接触,发热体内部各区域雾化量均匀,烟油雾化后口感细腻。发热方式为晶条自身发热,温度无需从发热丝中传导至晶条,能够有效节省能耗,延长使用时间。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的多孔陶瓷发热体的导电机理图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例提供一种多孔陶瓷发热体,该多孔陶瓷发热体由以下组分及重量百分数组成:骨料40-60%、烧结粘接剂5-25%、造孔剂5-20%、过渡溶剂15-30%和添加剂0-5%。
骨料为该多孔陶瓷发热体的主体部分,其具有一定的导电能力,颗粒较大,骨料所使用的材料为碳化硅、氮化硅、石墨、银、铜和锌中的至少一种,材料的粒径控制在15-80μm。
烧结粘接剂用于将骨料粘接到一起,并且本身也具备一定的导电能力,烧结粘接剂是导电料与玻璃粉通过有机溶剂均匀混合后,经轧模、模压、烧结至600-1300℃,再破碎和研磨至1-3μm制成,粒度小于骨料。
导电料可选用碳化硅、氮化硅、银、铜、锌、碳纤维、石墨和石墨烯中的至少一种,粒径控制在20μm以内。
有机溶剂为聚乙烯醇胶水和聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水中的至少一种,用于将导电料和玻璃粉均匀分散在其中,并充分混合,便于加工成型成为不同的形状。
玻璃粉选用熔融温度在450-900℃,根据导电料种类的不同,导电料与玻璃粉的重量比为(0.3-10):1。
造孔剂选用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、淀粉、活性炭和蔗糖中的至少一种,可以在烧结过程中被烧掉,在原本的位置留下空隙,使陶瓷发热体形成多孔结构,造孔剂的粒径控制在30μm以下,粒径过大易导致漏油,不利于锁住烟油。
过渡溶剂用于均匀分散和混合骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂和添加剂,可选用聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸中的至少一种,优选地,过渡溶剂为聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸按照体积比10:1组成,油酸能够改善聚乙烯醇胶水的流动性能和活化性能。
添加剂用于增强其他组分的活化能力,使其与过渡溶剂的亲和性更好,还用于改变组分的粘性,为可选的添加组分,添加剂的种类可选择碳纤维、炭黑、硅藻土、滑石、高岭土和堇青石中的至少一种。
本发明实施例还提供该多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,包括:按照上述重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂混合均匀,经模压、轧模、注浆或等静压制成生坯,将生胚在500-900℃下烧结并保温0.5-3h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
本发明实施例制备的多孔陶瓷发热体的导电机理参见图1,其中,A为骨料,B1和B2为烧结粘接剂,B1为导电料,B2为玻璃粉,A和B1都为导电物质,电子从A通过B1,再到A,实现导电,B2作为粘接物质将A和B1结合在一起。
本发明实施例提供的多孔陶瓷发热体可作为一种新型雾化芯应用于电子烟中。
下面以实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例一
本发明实施例提供的多孔陶瓷发热体,由以下组分及重量百分数组成:
骨料45%,碳化硅,粒径20μm;
烧结粘接剂19%,粒径2μm,取碳化硅与玻璃粉混匀,加入聚乙烯醇胶水搅拌均匀,经轧模、模压、烧结、破碎和研磨制成,碳化硅与玻璃粉的重量比为1:1;
造孔剂15%,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,粒径为25μm;
过渡溶剂20%,聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸按照体积比10:1组成;
添加剂1%,碳纤维,粒径为5μm。
本发明实施例提供的该多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,包括:按照上述重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂混合均匀,经模压制成生坯,将生胚在600℃下烧结并保温2h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
实施例二
本发明实施例提供的多孔陶瓷发热体,由以下组分及重量百分数组成:
骨料57%,氮化硅和石墨以重量比1.5:1混合,粒径30μm;
烧结粘接剂15%,粒径3μm,取氮化硅与玻璃粉混匀,加入聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水搅拌均匀,经轧模、模压、烧结、破碎和研磨制成,氮化硅与玻璃粉的重量比为2:1;
造孔剂10%,淀粉和蔗糖以重量比1:1混合,粒径为30μm;
过渡溶剂15%,聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸按照体积比10:1组成;
添加剂3%,硅藻土和堇青石以重量比1:1混合,粒径为5μm。
本发明实施例提供的该多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,包括:按照上述重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂混合均匀,经轧模制成生坯,将生胚在700℃下烧结并保温3h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
实施例三
本发明实施例提供的多孔陶瓷发热体,由以下组分及重量百分数组成:
骨料41%,碳化硅、银、铜和锌粉以重量比2:1:1:0.3混合,粒径15μm;
烧结粘接剂25%,粒径1μm,取石墨和石墨烯与玻璃粉混匀,加入聚乙烯醇胶水和聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水搅拌均匀,经轧模、模压、烧结、破碎和研磨制成,石墨与石墨烯的重量比为10:1,石墨和石墨烯与玻璃粉的重量比为5:1,聚乙烯醇胶水与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水的体积比为1:1;
造孔剂5%,活性炭,粒径为25μm;
过渡溶剂25%,聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸按照体积比10:1组成;
添加剂4%,碳纤维和炭黑以重量比1:1混合,粒径为5μm。
本发明实施例提供的该多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,包括:按照上述重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂混合均匀,经注浆制成生坯,将生胚在900℃下烧结并保温1h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
实施例四
本发明实施例提供的多孔陶瓷发热体,由以下组分及重量百分数组成:
骨料53%,碳化硅、氮化硅和石墨以重量比1:1:0.5混合,粒径40μm;
烧结粘接剂5%,粒径2μm,取碳纤维、石墨和石墨烯与玻璃粉混匀,加入聚乙烯醇胶水搅拌均匀,经轧模、模压、烧结、破碎和研磨制成,碳纤维、石墨与石墨烯的重量比为1:1:0.1,碳纤维、石墨和石墨烯与玻璃粉的重量比为10:1;
造孔剂20%,淀粉、活性炭和蔗糖以重量比1:1:1混合,粒径为15μm;
过渡溶剂20%,聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸按照体积比10:1组成;
添加剂2%,硅藻土、滑石、高岭土和堇青石以重量比1.3:1:1:1混合,粒径为4μm。
本发明实施例提供的该多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,包括:按照上述重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂混合均匀,经等静压制成生坯,将生胚在800℃下烧结并保温1.5h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
实施例五
本发明实施例提供的多孔陶瓷发热体,由以下组分及重量百分数组成:
骨料40%,碳化硅和石墨以重量比2:1混合,粒径50μm;
烧结粘接剂10%,粒径3μm,取碳化硅和石墨与玻璃粉混匀,加入聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水搅拌均匀,经轧模、模压、烧结、破碎和研磨制成,碳化硅与石墨的重量比为1.5:1,碳化硅和石墨与玻璃粉的重量比为7:1;
造孔剂15%,蔗糖,粒径为20μm;
过渡溶剂30%,聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸按照体积比10:1组成;
添加剂5%,碳纤维、炭黑和硅藻土以重量比0.3:0.5:1混合,粒径为5μm。
本发明实施例提供的该多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,包括:按照上述重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂混合均匀,经模压制成生坯,将生胚在700℃下烧结并保温2h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
实施例六
本发明实施例提供的多孔陶瓷发热体,由以下组分及重量百分数组成:
骨料60%,氮化硅、银、铜和锌粉以重量比5:0.5:3:1混合,粒径20μm;
烧结粘接剂15%,粒径1μm,取氮化硅和铜粉与玻璃粉混匀,加入聚乙烯醇胶水和聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水搅拌均匀,经轧模、模压、烧结、破碎和研磨制成,氮化硅与铜粉的重量比为3:1,氮化硅和铜粉与玻璃粉的重量比为1:1,聚乙烯醇胶水与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水的体积比为2:1;
造孔剂10%,淀粉、活性炭和蔗糖以重量比1:1:2混合,粒径为20μm;
过渡溶剂15%,聚乙烯醇胶水;
本发明实施例提供的该多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,包括:按照上述重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂和过渡溶剂混合均匀,经模压制成生坯,将生胚在600℃下烧结并保温2.5h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种多孔陶瓷发热体,其特征在于,所述多孔陶瓷发热体由以下组分及重量百分数组成:骨料40-60%、烧结粘接剂5-25%、造孔剂5-20%、过渡溶剂15-30%和添加剂0-5%;
所述骨料为碳化硅、氮化硅、石墨、银、铜和锌中的至少一种;
所述烧结粘接剂为导电料与玻璃粉混匀,加入有机溶剂搅拌均匀,经轧模、模压、烧结、破碎和研磨制成,所述导电料为碳化硅、氮化硅、银、铜、锌、碳纤维、石墨和石墨烯中的至少一种,所述有机溶剂为聚乙烯醇胶水和聚乙烯醇缩丁醛胶水中的至少一种;
所述造孔剂为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、淀粉、活性炭和蔗糖中的至少一种;
所述过渡溶剂为聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸中的至少一种;
所述添加剂为碳纤维、炭黑、硅藻土、滑石、高岭土和堇青石中的至少一种。
2.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷发热体,其特征在于,所述骨料的粒径为15-80μm。
3.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷发热体,其特征在于,所述烧结粘接剂的粒径为1-3μm。
4.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷发热体,其特征在于,所述玻璃粉的熔融温度为450-900℃。
5.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷发热体,其特征在于,所述导电料与玻璃粉的重量比为(0.3-10):1。
6.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷发热体,其特征在于,所述造孔剂的粒径小于30μm。
7.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷发热体,其特征在于,所述过渡溶剂为聚乙烯醇胶水和油酸按照体积比10:1组成。
8.如权利要求1所述的多孔陶瓷发热体,其特征在于,所述添加剂的粒径小于5μm。
9.权利要求1-8任一项所述的多孔陶瓷发热体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:按照重量百分数分别称取骨料、烧结粘接剂、造孔剂、过渡溶剂和添加剂混合均匀,经模压、轧模、注浆或等静压制成生坯,将生胚在500-900℃下烧结并保温0.5-3h,冷却后得到多孔陶瓷发热体。
10.权利要求9所述的制备方法制备的多孔陶瓷发热体在电子烟中的应用。
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