CN110270471A - 加料流量取决于流体输出孔速度的流体产品涂敷装置 - Google Patents

加料流量取决于流体输出孔速度的流体产品涂敷装置 Download PDF

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CN110270471A
CN110270471A CN201910197993.9A CN201910197993A CN110270471A CN 110270471 A CN110270471 A CN 110270471A CN 201910197993 A CN201910197993 A CN 201910197993A CN 110270471 A CN110270471 A CN 110270471A
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applying device
fluid product
discharge hole
speed
velometer
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CN110270471B (zh
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菲利普·德·塔霍特
尼古拉斯·费勒
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Exel Industries SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/12Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus
    • B05B12/126Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature position or movement of the target relative to the spray apparatus responsive to target velocity, e.g. to relative velocity between spray apparatus and target
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/085Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to flow or pressure of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0431Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation with spray heads moved by robots or articulated arms, e.g. for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/02Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for controlling time, or sequence, of delivery
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/04Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work the spray heads being moved during spraying operation
    • B05B13/0447Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles
    • B05B13/0457Installation or apparatus for applying liquid or other fluent material to conveyed separate articles specially designed for applying liquid or other fluent material to 3D-surfaces of the articles, e.g. by using several moving spray heads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1002Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/10Storage, supply or control of liquid or other fluent material; Recovery of excess liquid or other fluent material
    • B05C11/1002Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves
    • B05C11/1015Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target
    • B05C11/1023Means for controlling supply, i.e. flow or pressure, of liquid or other fluent material to the applying apparatus, e.g. valves responsive to a conditions of ambient medium or target, e.g. humidity, temperature ; responsive to position or movement of the coating head relative to the target responsive to velocity of target, e.g. to web advancement rate
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/002Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the work consisting of separate articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0208Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05CAPPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0208Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles
    • B05C5/0212Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles only at particular parts of the articles
    • B05C5/0216Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles only at particular parts of the articles by relative movement of article and outlet according to a predetermined path
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J11/00Manipulators not otherwise provided for
    • B25J11/0075Manipulators for painting or coating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J13/00Controls for manipulators
    • B25J13/08Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices
    • B25J13/088Controls for manipulators by means of sensing devices, e.g. viewing or touching devices with position, velocity or acceleration sensors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/0019End effectors other than grippers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
    • B25J19/02Sensing devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Programme-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/0093Programme-controlled manipulators co-operating with conveyor means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/02Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work
    • B05B13/0221Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts
    • B05B13/0271Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work characterised by the means for moving or conveying the objects or other work, e.g. conveyor belts the object or work standing still during the spraying operation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种加料流量取决于流体输出孔速度的流体产品涂敷装置,所述涂敷装置(16)用于在基底上涂敷至少一种流体产品。所述涂敷装置(16)包括:涂敷部件(30),具有供所述流体产品排出所述涂敷装置(16)的出料孔(32),以及针对至少一种流体产品的调节件(36),其中,所述调节件能够根据命令单元(38)提供于其的命令输入,调节所述流体产品通过所述出料孔(32)的加料流量。所述涂敷装置(16)还包括能够确定所述出料孔(32)相对于惯性参考物的实测速度的测速器(34),所述命令单元(38)配置为根据所述实测速度确定所述命令输入。

Description

加料流量取决于流体输出孔速度的流体产品涂敷装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在基底上涂敷至少一种流体产品的涂敷装置,还涉及一种包括所述涂敷装置的涂敷机器人,以及一种利用所述涂敷装置将流体产品涂敷于基底上的方法。
背景技术
此类型的涂敷装置包括:
-通过使所述流体产品成形而将所述流体产品涂敷于所述基底上的涂敷部件,所述涂敷部件具有供所述流体产品排出所述涂敷装置的出料孔;
-针对至少一种流体产品的调节件,所述调节件能够根据所述调节件的命令输入,对所述流体产品通过所述出料孔的加料流量进行调节;以及
-用于确定所述命令输入并将所述命令输入提供给所述调节件的命令单元。
在上下文中,“流体产品”是指黏度介于1mPa·s和2kPa·s之间的产品,该黏度例如为布氏锥板(Brookfield Plan Cone)粘度计在常温常压条件下测得的黏度。因此,该词既涵盖可完全变形的低粘度液态产品,也涵盖通常描述为“黏糊状”的比液体更加粘稠且处于介于液态和固态之间的状态的产品。
上述类型的涂敷装置为已知装置,通常用于在表面上涂敷流体产品,如将胶水或涂料涂成线状,尤其用于需要对流体产品离开涂敷装置时的流量进行精确控制的情形。为了实现此目的,此类涂敷装置安装于机器人的关节臂上,该关节臂在控制台的控制下使所述涂敷装置的涂敷部件相对于待涂敷表面移动。这些控制台很多时候设于所述关节臂附近,而且每一涂敷装置均配备有控制柜,该控制柜设于安装有所述涂敷装置的关节臂的控制台附近。
通常,使用此类涂敷装置所追求的目标在于,使流体产品尽可能均匀地涂布于待涂敷表面上。
当出料孔速度(也称“涂头速度”)恒定时,可非常容易地达成上述目标。不难想到的是,实际上只要将加料流量保持基本恒定,便足以实现流体产品在待涂敷表面上的均匀涂布。
然而,当涂头速度变化时,例如当涂敷部件到达待涂敷表面末端后,因需改变移动方向而使得速度发生变化时,上述情形将变得复杂化。在这种情况下,为了仍能在局部实现恒定的产品涂敷量,必须根据涂头速度,成比例地调节加料流量。具体而言,当出料孔移动速度减慢时,必须减小加料流量;而当出料孔移动速度加快时,必须增大加料流量。
因此,为了能够根据涂头速度调节加料流量,控制单元必须了解所述涂头速度。为此目的,目前已经开发出的机械臂适于与安装于其上的涂敷装置的控制柜通信,其根据由控制台发送给该关节臂的移动指令估算涂头速度。然而,这一解决方案在以下几点上仍然不尽人意:
-机械臂与涂敷装置之间存在兼容性问题;
-当涂敷装置安装于不具有上述功能的老款机械臂上时,无法根据涂头速度调节加料流量;
-涂敷装置的控制柜在处理速度信息时导致延迟,因此在向调节件发送命令输入时,通常导致加料流量的校正发生延迟,从而导致加料流量的校正不准确。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的在于,无论流体产品出料孔相对于待涂表面的移动速度如何,也无论用于移动该出料孔的装置为何,均可以在待涂表面上实现流体产品的均匀涂敷。
为此目的,本发明涉及一种上述类型的涂敷装置,所述涂敷装置还包括能够确定所述出料孔相对于惯性参考物的实测速度的测速器,所述命令单元配置为根据所述实测速度确定所述命令输入。
根据本发明的具体实施方式,所述涂敷装置还具有以下一项或多项特征,这些特征既可视作独立特征,也可在技术上允许的情况下以任何方式组合:
-所述命令输入适于使得所述流体产品的加料流量与所述出料孔的实测速度之比基本恒定;
-所述测速器包括至少一个加速度计;
-所述测速器包括至少一种陀螺仪;
-所述测速器包括磁力计;
-所述测速器离所述出料孔的距离小于15cm;
-所述命令单元离所述测速器的距离小于5cm;
-所述命令单元离所述调节件的距离小于10cm;
-所述调节件离所述出料孔的距离小于15cm;
-所述流体产品的黏度介于3000mPa·s和300000mPa·s之间。
本发明还涉及一种将流体产品涂敷在基底上的涂敷机器人,包括:框架;具有多个彼此铰接的臂节的关节臂;安装于所述关节臂一端的腕部;以及上述涂敷装置,其中,所述涂敷装置(16)的涂敷部件安装于所述腕部的远端。
根据本发明的具体实施方式,所述涂敷装置还具有以下一项或多项特征,这些特征既可视作独立特征,也可在技术上允许的情况下以任何方式组合:
-所述命令单元安装于所述腕部上,或者安装于离所述腕部最近的臂节上;
-所述测速器安装于所述涂敷部件上;
-所述实测速度由所述出料孔相对于所述框架的速度构成。
本发明还提供一种将流体产品涂敷在基底上的方法,依次包括如下步骤:
-提供上述涂敷装置;
-以第一加料流量通过所述出料孔加料所述流体产品,其中,所述出料孔以第一速度移动;
-改变所述出料孔的速度;以及
-以与所述第一加料流量不同的第二加料流量通过所述出料孔加料所述流体产品。
附图说明
通过阅读以下描述,本发明的其他特征和优点将变得显而易见。该描述仅用于例示目的并且参考附图,附图中:
-图1为根据本发明的一种用于在基底上涂敷流体产品且包括涂敷机器人的装置的立体图;
-图2为图1中的涂敷机器人的涂敷装置的示意图;
-图3和图4为图1中的涂敷装置所实施的方法的方框图。
具体实施方式
图1中所示的装置2用于在基底4上涂敷流体产品,此处,基底4可以是任何待涂物。
该流体产品通常由高黏度产品,即黏度大于3000mPa·s的产品制成。此类高黏度产品例如通常为油灰、弹性体或环氧树脂胶。有利地,该流体产品的黏度为3000~30000Pa·s。
其中,基底4由预制板件构成,该预制板件通常为冲压金属板。
为了实现上述目的,与已知技术一致,装置2包括用于移动基底4的系统6,以及用于将所述流体产品涂敷在基底4上的涂敷机器人8。
移动系统6用于在装置2内移动基底4,其中,在涂敷机器人8的作用范围内,每一基底4均在预设时间段内相对于装置2的地面10保持不动。
在图示的实施例中,移动系统6由承载基底4的传送带构成。
涂敷机器人8包括多轴机器人12,用于命令机器人12的控制台14,用于在基底4上涂敷所述流体产品的涂敷装置16,用于命令涂敷装置12的命令机柜18,以及用于向涂敷装置16供应所述流体产品的供料系统19。
与已知技术一致,多轴机器人12包括相对于地面10固定的框架(未图示),由多个彼此铰接的臂节22构成的关节臂20,以及安装于关节臂20一端的腕部24。
腕部24包括与关节臂20的一个臂节22连接的近端(未图示)以及与该近端相对的远端(未示出)。
多轴机器人12还包括多个电机(未图示),这些电机安装于关节臂20的各臂节22之间的连接处以及其与腕部24之间的连接处,以驱动各臂节22和腕部24彼此相对转动。
控制台14包括电路(未图示),用于为机器人12的各电机确定命令输入,并将该命令输入提供给各相应电机。
参考图2,涂敷装置16包括涂敷部件30,该部件用于通过使所述流体产品成形而将其涂敷于所述基底上。为了实现此目的,涂敷部件30包括用于将所述流体产品排出涂敷装置16外的出料孔32,该出料孔32通常由喷嘴构成。
涂敷装置16还包括测速器34,能够调节所述流体产品通过出料孔32的加料流量的调节件36,以及用于为调节件36确定流量命令输入并将该命令输入提供给调节件36的命令单元38。
测速器34能够测定出料孔32相对于惯性参考物,尤其相对于装置2地面10的速度。为了实现此目的,测速器34通常由惯性单元构成,该惯性单元包括:
-三个加速度计40,每一加速度计均能够测量与其他任一加速度计40的加
速度测量方向正交的特定方向上的加速度;
-陀螺仪42,该陀螺仪能够测量绕三个相互正交的旋转轴当中的每一旋转
轴的角速度;以及
-磁力计44,该磁力计能够测量该磁力计44处磁场的三个分量。
各加速度计40和各陀螺仪42通常均由微机电惯性系统构成。
加速度计40、陀螺仪42和磁力计44通常集成于同一个电子电路板(未图示)中。
整个测速器34离出料孔32的距离小于15cm。如此,可使得测速器34的运动测量值非常接近于出料孔32的实际运动情况。
为了实现此目的,如图所示,测速器34安装于涂敷部件30上。
测速器34设置为将实测速度发送给命令单元38。
调节件36能够限定所述流体产品通过出料孔32的加料流量,该加料流量取决于命令单元38提供的流量命令输入。为了实现此目的,调节件36通常由涂敷部件30的供应泵构成,所述流体产品离开该泵的流量构成所述加料流量。
调节件36例如由包括泵室和活塞(未图示)的单作用泵或双作用泵构成,该活塞在所述泵室内的移动速度决定了所述加料流量。可替代地,调节件36由具有轴向活塞的泵构成,该活塞的旋转速度决定了所述加料流量。
调节件36离出料孔32的距离小于15cm,从而使得所述泵的出料流量变化可几乎瞬间传递至所述加料流量。
命令单元38配置为根据所述实测速度确定所述流量命令输入,并通过调节该命令输入,使得所述流体产品的加料流量与出料孔32的实测速度之比基本恒定。
为此目的,命令单元38适于从测速器34接收所述实测速度,并根据该实测速度推导所述流量命令输入。为了实现此目的,命令单元38通常采用含于涂敷装置16内的可编程逻辑器件和/或专用集成电路的形式。
整个命令单元38离测速器34的距离小于5cm,而且离调节件36的距离小于10cm。如此,可使得命令单元38与各测速器34和各调节件36之间实现实际的瞬时信息交换,从而使得调节件36对测速器34测定的出料孔速度变化具有极高的反应性。
在图示的实施例中,涂敷部件30、测速器34、调节件36和命令单元38均集成于同一单元46内,该单元安装于关节臂20的腕部24上。可替代地,涂敷装置16的至少一部分可不安装于腕部24上:例如,调节件36安装于关节臂20的离腕部24最近的一个臂节22上。
无论涂敷装置16如何安装,涂敷部件30优选安装于腕部24的远端。
再次参考图1,供料系统19包括盛放所述流体产品的料罐50,以及用于将盛放于料罐50内的所述流体产品传输至调节件36的入口54(图2)处的流体输送系统52。
流体输送系统52适于在大于1.1倍大气压的压力下将所述流体产品供应至涂敷装置16。为了实现此目的,流体输送系统52包括用于将所述流体产品泵入料罐50的升降组件56,以及将升降组件56的出口(未图示)流体连接至调节件36的入口54的管道58。
以下,参考图3,对利用装置2涂敷所述流体产品的方法100进行描述。
首先,在第一步骤中110,提供装置2和基底4。
步骤110之后为初始化步骤120。
步骤120包括启动升降组件56的第一分步骤。随后该升降组件即开始将所述产品泵入料罐50中,并将其排入管道58。
步骤120还包括启动测速器34的第二分步骤,该第二分步骤与第一分步骤几乎同时进行。从该第二分步骤开始,测速器34连续测量出料孔32的速度。
随后,在步骤130中,移动系统6将基底4移入涂敷机器人8的作用范围,并将其固定在该作用范围内。
在下一步骤140中,控制台14控制关节臂20移动,以将涂敷装置16的出料孔32朝向基底4的待涂敷表面放置,并使两者之间的距离适于将所述流体产品涂敷于该表面上。
在此之后,在步骤150中,涂敷机器人8开始将所述流体产品涂敷于基底4上。
在整个步骤150中,机器人12沿所述待涂表面,相对于地面10以第一速度移动出料孔32,而且命令机柜18向涂敷装置16发送涂敷所述流体产品的命令输入。
步骤150包括由测速器34测量所述第一速度的第一分步骤152。
随后,在分步骤154中,命令单元38根据所述第一速度为调节件36确定第一命令输入,并在分步骤156中将该第一命令输入传输给调节件36。
在分步骤158中,调节件36接收该命令输入。随后,在分步骤159中,调节件36将所述加料流量调节至第一流量,以使得该第一流量与所述第一速度之比等于预设常数。
之后,在步骤150的整个剩余时间内,一直以与所述第一流量相等的加料流量涂敷所述流体产品。
在此之后,在步骤160中,机器人12变更出料孔32相对于地面10的移动速度。这一速度变化通常由出料孔32在移动方向变化过程中发生的减速构成。
如此,在紧随步骤160的步骤170中,以变更后的速度在基底4上继续涂敷所述流体产品。
在整个步骤170中,机器人12沿所述待涂表面,相对于地面10以修改后的速度移动出料孔32,而且命令机柜18向涂敷装置16发送涂敷所述流体产品命令输入。
步骤170包括由测速器34测量所述修改后的速度的第一分步骤172。
随后,在分步骤174中,命令单元38根据所述修改后的速度为调节件36确定新的命令输入,并在分步骤176中将该新命令输入传输给调节件36。
在分步骤178中,调节件36接收所述新命令输入。随后,在分步骤179中,调节件36将所述加料流量调节至新的流量,以使得该新的流量与所述修改后的速度之比等于上述预设常数。
之后,在步骤170的整个剩余时间内,一直以与所述新流量相等的加料流量涂敷所述流体产品。如此,使得该流体产品的涂敷效果与之前的涂敷效果一致。
在此之后,在步骤180中,机器人12再次变更出料孔32的移动速度。该速度变更通常由因出料孔32的移动方向在步骤160和步骤170中发生的变化而采取的加速构成。
如此,在紧随步骤180的新步骤190中,以变更后的速度在基底4上继续涂敷所述流体产品。该步骤190与步骤170相同。
每当出料孔32的移动方向发生变化时,即重复步骤160,步骤170,步骤180和步骤190。
最后,当所述整个待涂敷表面被所述流体产品涂满后,移动系统6在步骤200中将基底4移出至涂敷机器人8的作用范围之外。
其后,重复步骤130~200,直至涂敷机器人8完成所有基底4的涂敷。
由此可见,根据上述描述的本发明,无论流体产品出料孔相对于待涂表面的移动速度如何,也无论用于移动该出料孔的装置为何,均可以在该待涂表面上实现所述流体产品的均匀涂敷。
因此,该方法为通用方法,而且因为其允许再使用未配备发送涂头速度估算值的模块的多轴机器人,所以还是一种更为经济的方法。
在上述实施例中,涂敷机器人8适于单次涂敷单种流体产品。在替代方案(未图示)中,涂敷机器人8适于单次涂敷多种流体产品。在该情况下,除了供料系统19之外,涂敷机器人8还包括至少一个其他供料系统,即每种流体产品一个供料系统,用于向涂敷装置16供应每种流体产品。相应地,涂敷装置16针对每一种流体产品包括一个调节件36,而且命令单元38配置为针对每一该调节件,根据测速器34测得的速度生成命令输入。

Claims (15)

1.一种将至少一种流体产品涂敷在基底(4)上的涂敷装置(16),包括:
-通过使所述流体产品成形而将所述流体产品涂敷于所述基底(4)上的涂敷部件(30),所述涂敷部件(30)具有供所述流体产品排出所述涂敷装置(16)的出料孔(32);
-针对至少一种流体产品的调节件(36),所述调节件能够根据所述调节件(36)的命令输入,对所述流体产品通过所述出料孔(32)的加料流量进行调节;以及
-用于确定所述命令输入并将所述命令输入提供给所述调节件(36)的命令单元(38),
其特征在于,所述涂敷装置(16)还包括能够确定所述出料孔(32)相对于惯性参考物的实测速度的测速器(34),所述命令单元(38)配置为根据所述实测速度确定所述命令输入。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述命令输入适于使得所述流体产品的加料流量与所述出料孔的实测速度之比基本恒定。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述测速器(34)包括至少一个加速度计(40)。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述测速器(34)包括至少一个陀螺仪(42)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述测速器(34)包括磁力计(44)。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述测速器(34)离所述出料孔(32)的距离小于15cm。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述命令单元(38)离所述测速器(34)的距离小于5cm。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述命令单元(38)离所述调节件(36)的距离小于10cm。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述调节件(36)离所述出料孔(32)的距离小于15cm。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其特征在于,所述流体产品的黏度介于3000mPa·s和300000mPa·s之间。
11.一种将流体产品涂敷在基底(4)上的涂敷机器人(8),其特征在于,包括:框架;具有多个彼此铰接的臂节(22)的关节臂(20);安装于所述关节臂(20)一端的腕部(24);以及根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16),其中,所述涂敷装置(16)的涂敷部件(30)安装于所述腕部(24)的远端。
12.根据权利要求11所述的涂敷机器人(8),其特征在于,所述命令单元(38)安装于所述腕部(24)上,或者安装于离所述腕部(24)最近的臂节(22)上。
13.根据权利要求11所述的涂敷机器人(8),其特征在于,所述测速器(34)安装于所述涂敷部件(30)上。
14.根据权利要求11所述的涂敷机器人(8),其特征在于,所述实测速度由所述出料孔(32)相对于所述框架的速度构成。
15.一种将流体产品涂敷在基底(4)上的方法(100),其特征在于,依次包括如下步骤:
-提供(110)根据权利要求1或2所述的涂敷装置(16);
-以第一加料流量通过所述出料孔(32)加料(159)所述流体产品,其中,所述出料孔(32)以第一速度移动;
-改变(160)所述出料孔(32)的速度;以及
-以与所述第一加料流量不同的第二加料流量通过所述出料孔(32)加料(179)所述流体产品。
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