CN110269020A - A kind of saturation type water pearl culture system and its cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of saturation type water pearl culture system and its cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110269020A CN110269020A CN201910667406.8A CN201910667406A CN110269020A CN 110269020 A CN110269020 A CN 110269020A CN 201910667406 A CN201910667406 A CN 201910667406A CN 110269020 A CN110269020 A CN 110269020A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000376029 Tachysurus fulvidraco Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005868 ontogenesis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000010984 cultured pearl Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000062645 predators Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000382825 Cristaria plicata Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002249 digestive system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
- A01K61/56—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels for pearl production
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system and its cultural methods, belong to mussel field, a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system and its cultural method, it may be implemented to utilize hanging culture technology, make freshwater mussel during growth and development, it is not easily susceptible to natural enemy predation, facilitate the subsequent harvesting work of raiser simultaneously, and the hanging culture system comprising hanging culture ball is arranged in the water inlet or water outlet in lake, utilize lake water flow, enough food is provided for freshwater mussel of the hanging culture in hanging culture ball, facilitate freshwater mussel filter food, after the foreign matters such as the silt being mingled with simultaneously by water flow enter the intracorporal capsule of growing cultured pearls of freshwater mussel, pearl core can be automatically become, the process that makes to grow cultured pearls in freshwater mussel body simulates wild state as far as possible, promote the quality grown cultured pearls, finally utilize the self weight of clump weight, self feed back is formed according to the flood season in lake or dry season to adjust, make The depth of water position of hanging culture ball is fixed always, and the freshwater mussel being located in hanging culture ball can receive enough sunshine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mussels to cultivate field, more specifically to a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system
And its cultural method.
Background technique
Fresh water pearl culturing clam generally refers to as hydriopsis cumingii and cristaria plicata, when there is foreign matter to enter during mussel is looked for food
When in mussel body, these foreign matters can enter capsule of growing cultured pearls with the digestive system of mussel, and mussel can secrete nacre at this time,
Foreign matter is wrapped up, pearl is eventually formed.
Although freshwater mussel meat is also edible, and has certain medical value, mussel at this stage is cultivated to come
It says, growing cultured pearls and (cultivating pearl) is only most important cultivation direction.
Cause due to influencing pearl forming in mussel body is known as very much, including water quality, water temperature, liquid manure, water flow or even day
According to length it is all molding to pearl have a certain impact, therefore mussel cultivation during, need to each of mussel
Item living environment carries out more stringent monitoring, prevents mussel development from going wrong.
The breeding way of mussel of today is mostly free-ranging and box cultivation, and cost is relatively low for free-ranging, but the mistake cultivated again
Cheng Zhong, it is difficult to take precautions against mussel natural enemy, and pearl it is mature after recycling mussel be more troublesome, although and it is box need to be into before cultivation
The certain capital investment of row, but during mussel cultivation, mussel natural enemy can be effectively prevented, while facilitating pearl
It recycles mussel after maturation to carry out taking pearl, therefore the means of mussel cultivation are converted to box support from rough free-ranging mostly
It grows.
At this stage, the most farming site of mussel be freshwater lake, and freshwater lake at all seasons in often have
Flood season and dry season, and the depth of water of freshwater lake is not quite similar at flood season and dry season, the depth of water is deeper when flood season, is now placed in
Water-bed mussel is difficult to obtain obtains sunshine enough, and the depth of water is shallower when dry season, and being now placed in water-bed mussel can be with
Enough sunshine is obtained, and flood season is usually the spring and summer of weather more warm moist, water temperature is higher at this time, is suitble to mussel
Growth, dry season is then mostly temperature lower two season of autumn and winter, and water temperature is lower at this time, is not suitable for mussel growth, therefore in fresh water
During freshwater mussel grows, the temperature of mussel growth and sunshine is suitble to just to be staggered, it is difficult to reach the optimal growth speed of mussel
Degree.
Summary of the invention
1. technical problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of saturation type water pearl cultures
System and its cultural method, it may be implemented to make freshwater mussel during growth and development using hanging culture technology, be not easily susceptible to natural enemy
Predation, while facilitating the subsequent harvesting work of raiser, and the hanging culture system comprising hanging culture ball is arranged in the water inlet in lake
Or water outlet provides enough foods using the water flow of lake water inlet or water outlet for freshwater mussel of the hanging culture in hanging culture ball
After object facilitates freshwater mussel filter food, while the foreign matters such as silt being mingled with by water flow enter the intracorporal capsule of growing cultured pearls of freshwater mussel, pearl can be automatically become
Core, the process that makes to grow cultured pearls in freshwater mussel body simulate wild state as far as possible, promote the quality grown cultured pearls, finally using clump weight from
Weight forms self feed back according to the flood season in lake or dry season and adjusts, fixes the depth of water position of hanging culture ball always, and is located at hanging culture
Freshwater mussel in ball can receive enough sunshine, promote the normal growth of freshwater mussel.
2. technical solution
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of saturation type water pearl culture system and its cultural method, including freshwater lake, breeding system, nursery system
System and hanging culture system, and breeding system, seedling system and hanging culture system are arranged in the freshwater lake of cultivation, the breeding
System includes breeding box and female freshwater mussel in breeding box, and the seedling system includes box for breeding and the host in box for breeding
The outer wall of fish, the breeding box and box for breeding is reticular structure, and breeding box is located in box for breeding, the box for breeding and breeding
Case is respectively positioned on the more tranquil lake central area of lake water, and the hanging culture system includes more locating rods, and the one of multiple locating rods
End is fixedly connected on the lakebed of freshwater lake, and the other end of the locating rod is located on lake water liquid level, the locating rod
Outside be socketed with lantern ring, be fixedly connected with floating ball on the outer wall of the lantern ring, the downside of the floating ball is equipped with hanging culture ball, described
The downside of hanging culture ball is equipped with clump weight, steel cable rope is fixedly connected between the hanging culture ball and floating ball and clump weight, due to matching
The effect of pouring weight makes the freshwater mussel of hanging culture in hanging culture ball always can be with so that hanging culture club is fixed on the certain position of the depth of water always
Enough sunshine is obtained, being not easy, which influences freshwater mussel, normally grows and grow cultured pearls.
Further, host fish can select Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in the seedling system, and the seedling system box for breeding network interface needs
Bore need to be selected biggish, be that the juvenile fish of host fish can free in and out box for breeding, hook Jie larva is made to be not easy to colonize on juvenile fish,
It does not easily cause a large amount of juvenile fish dead, is not easy to influence the cultivation water of freshwater mussel.
Further, multiple locating rods are respectively positioned on the water inlet or water outlet of freshwater lake, lake water inlet and
The water flow of water outlet is more quick, and easily carries a large amount of organic debris secretly, facilitates freshwater mussel filter food, while faster water flow can press from both sides
With a large amount of silt, pearl nucleus are formed after freshwater mussel intake in vivo, promote freshwater pearl culture.
Further, the hanging culture ball includes the upper spherical shell being mutually matched and lower spherical shell, the upper spherical shell and lower spherical shell
There are four the through-holes being mutually matched for contact position cutting, and the inside of hanging culture ball is connected by through-hole with the external world, the upper spherical shell
Inner wall on be fixedly connected with motion bar, the motion bar is fixedly connected with limited cover, the lower ball far from one end of upper spherical shell
Fixed link is fixedly connected on the inner wall of shell, the fixed link is dug far from one end of lower spherical shell the limit to match with limited cover
Position sliding slot, and motion bar is plugged in limit sliding chutes far from one end of upper spherical shell, sealing cover is socketed on the motion bar, and close
Capping is connect with fixed link inner thread, is fixedly connected with compressed spring between the trough floor and sealing cover of the limit sliding chutes,
And compressed spring is socketed in the outside of motion bar, and under the action of being in the compressed spring of compressive state, upper spherical shell and lower spherical shell
Always biggish predator is threatened for freshwater mussel there are jaw fish in closed state, and under water, and there are jaw fish to be difficult to brokenly
Open spherical shell and lower spherical shell, be that freshwater mussel can grow in a safer environment, be not easy because natural enemy there are due to cause
A large amount of freshwater mussel is dead.
Further, seal wear-resistant ring, and seal wear-resistant ring and sealing cover are connected between the motion bar and sealing cover
It is fixedly connected, the inner wall of the seal wear-resistant ring and the outer wall of motion bar are fixedly connected to polishing layer, and seal wear-resistant ring can be with
Reduce the abrasion between motion bar and sealing cover, so that the connection between motion bar and sealing cover is less prone to shaking, do not easily cause
Upper spherical shell and lower spherical shell misplace, and are not easy to influence the protecting effect of hanging culture ball.
Further, be fixedly connected with water proof rubber pad between the fixed link and sealing cover, the water proof rubber pad with
Sealing cover is fixedly connected, and is increased the leakproofness between fixed link and sealing cover, is that the compressed spring in limit sliding chutes is not easy to corrode,
It is not easy to influence the closed state of hanging culture ball.
Further, the locating rod is connected with thread sealed closure far from the threaded one end of lakebed, and thread sealed closure has
Position-limiting action, when lake is in flood season, floating ball, hanging culture ball and clump weight are not easy to fall off from locating rod because of the water surface of rise.
Further, scale line is carved on the outer wall of the locating rod, and scale line is located at locating rod close to thread seal
One end of lid can effectively observe the water level of lake water by thread sealed closure, facilitate fisherman and substantially understand specific flood season, carry out
Reasonable hedging.
Further, the locating rod, floating ball, hanging culture ball, lantern ring and thread sealed closure select highstrenghtpiston to be made,
And hanging culture ball selects the high strength plastics of transparent material, makes long period of soaking locating rod, floating ball, hanging culture ball, lantern ring and screw thread in water
Sealing cover is not easy corrosion failure, and hanging culture ball selects transparent material to can reduce the barrier to daylight, is not easy to influence in hanging culture ball
The normal growth of the freshwater mussel of interior hanging culture.
Further, cultural method are as follows:
S1 artificial insemination selects the good individual of ontogeny as kind of a freshwater mussel, carries out artificial insemination to it, certainly due to freshwater mussel
So insemination method is in vitro fertilization, and success rate is lower, it is therefore desirable to the female freshwater mussel fertilization of human assistance improves female freshwater mussel successful fertilization rate,
Staff collects mature sperm, and will be collected into mature sperm and be injected into using collection devices such as syringes out of male freshwater mussel body
Female freshwater mussel is cultivated in dedicated small containers, cultivation-day, carries out indirect labor's insemination；
The female freshwater mussel for completing artificial insemination, is transferred to the breeding box of breeding system by the development of S2 parent by cultivating with small containers
It is interior, it develops the intracorporal fertilized eggs of female freshwater mussel gradually and saves worm, immature hook Jie larva section worm existence for immature hook Jie larva
In female freshwater mussel body, nutrition is provided by parent；
The release of S3 larva, the hook Jie larva to reach maturity in female freshwater mussel body can be detached from out of female freshwater mussel body automatically, find new
Host；
S4 parasitism fish body, mature hook Jie larva passes through the breeding box of breeding system, into the box for breeding of seedling system,
After adhering to suitable host fish, colonizes in and continue to develop on host fish；
The young freshwater mussel of S5 falls off, and the hook Jie larva to reach maturity on host fish is changed into young freshwater mussel, and falls off from host fish；
Young freshwater mussel in box for breeding is collected, is divided into hanging culture ball, and the falling sphere hanging culture in lake by S6 freshwater mussel hanging culture；
S7 harvest takes out hanging culture ball by the time hanging culture of a year and a half at freshwater mussel from water, obtains maturation out of hanging culture ball
Freshwater mussel, the freshwater mussel meat of available maturation and pearl out of freshwater mussel body.
3. beneficial effect
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that
It may be implemented to make freshwater mussel during growth and development using hanging culture technology, be not easily susceptible to natural enemy predation, while side
Just the subsequent harvesting work of raiser, and the hanging culture system comprising hanging culture ball is arranged in the water inlet or water outlet in lake,
Using the water flow of lake water inlet or water outlet, enough food is provided for freshwater mussel of the hanging culture in hanging culture ball, facilitates freshwater mussel
After filter is eaten, while the foreign matters such as silt being mingled with by water flow enter the intracorporal capsule of growing cultured pearls of freshwater mussel, pearl core can be automatically become, freshwater mussel body is made
Process of inside growing cultured pearls simulates wild state as far as possible, promotes the quality grown cultured pearls, and the self weight of clump weight is finally utilized, according to lake
Flood season or dry season form self feed back and adjust, and fix the depth of water position of hanging culture ball always, and the freshwater mussel being located in hanging culture ball can
To receive enough sunshine, promote the normal growth of freshwater mussel.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Major Systems structural schematic diagram that mussel of the invention cultivates；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of hanging culture system of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram in Fig. 2 at A；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the hanging culture ball of hanging culture system of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the front section view of hanging culture ball of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram in Fig. 5 at B；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram in Fig. 5 at C；
Fig. 8 is front section view when hanging culture ball of the invention takes freshwater mussel；
Fig. 9 is the broad flow diagram of mussel cultural method of the invention.
Figure label explanation:
1 breeding system, 2 seedling systems, 3 hanging culture systems, 4 locating rods, 5 floating balls, 6 hanging culture balls, spherical shell, 602 lower balls on 601
Shell, 603 through-holes, 604 motion bars, 605 fixed links, 606 limited covers, 607 limit sliding chutes, 608 compressed springs, 609 sealing covers,
610 seal wear-resistant rings, 7 clump weights, 8 lantern rings, 9 thread sealed closures, 10 scale lines.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention；Technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description；Obviously；Described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention；Instead of all the embodiments, it is based on
Embodiment in the present invention；It is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment；It shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the instruction such as term " on ", "lower", "inner", "outside", " top/bottom end "
Orientation or positional relationship be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, be merely for convenience of description the present invention and simplification retouch
It states, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation,
Therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and cannot understand
For indication or suggestion relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation " " is set
Be equipped with ", " be arranged/connect ", " connection " etc., shall be understood in a broad sense, such as " connection ", may be a fixed connection, be also possible to removable
Connection is unloaded, or is integrally connected；It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, it can also be in
Between medium be indirectly connected, can be the connection inside two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be specific
Situation understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Please refer to Fig. 1-3, a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system and its cultural method, including freshwater lake, educate
Kind system 1, seedling system 2 and hanging culture system 3, and breeding system 1, seedling system 2 and hanging culture system 3 are arranged in cultivation
In freshwater lake, breeding system 1 includes breeding box and female freshwater mussel in breeding box, and seedling system 2 includes box for breeding and is located at
The outer wall of host fish in box for breeding, breeding box and box for breeding is reticular structure, compared with weep to breeding system 1 and nursery system
The influence of system 2, and breeding box is located in box for breeding, box for breeding and breeding box are respectively positioned on the more tranquil lake central area of lake water,
Hanging culture system 3 includes more locating rods 4, and one end of multiple locating rods 4 is fixedly connected on the lakebed of freshwater lake, positioning
The other end of bar 4 is located on lake water liquid level, and the outside of locating rod 4 is socketed with lantern ring 8, is fixedly connected on the outer wall of lantern ring 8
Floating ball 5, the downside of floating ball 5 are equipped with hanging culture ball 6, and the downside of hanging culture ball 6 is equipped with clump weight 7, hanging culture ball 6 and floating ball 5 and clump weight 7
Between be fixedly connected to steel cable rope, due to the effect for the effect that clump weight 7 is self-possessed so that the draft amount of floating ball 5 is fixed so that
Hanging culture ball 6 can be fixed on the certain position of the depth of water always, therefore no matter lake is in flood season or dry season, and hanging culture ball 6 all may be used
Voluntarily to adjust the position of the specified depth of water, the self feed back of hanging culture ball 6 is realized, make the freshwater mussel of hanging culture in hanging culture ball 6 always can be with
Enough sunshine is obtained, being not easy, which influences freshwater mussel, normally grows and grow cultured pearls.
Fig. 1 is please referred to, host fish can select Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in seedling system 2, and 2 box for breeding network interface of seedling system need to need to select
Bore is biggish, is that the juvenile fish of host fish can free in and out box for breeding, makes hook Jie larva be not easy to colonize on juvenile fish, be not easy to make
It is dead at a large amount of juvenile fish, it is not easy to influence the cultivation water of freshwater mussel, multiple locating rods 4 are respectively positioned on water inlet or the water outlet of freshwater lake
At mouthful, the water flow of lake water inlet and water outlet is more quick, and easily carries a large amount of organic debris secretly, facilitates freshwater mussel filter food,
Faster water flow can carry a large amount of silt secretly simultaneously, form pearl nucleus after freshwater mussel intake in vivo, promote freshwater pearl culture.
Fig. 4-8 is please referred to, hanging culture ball 6 includes the upper spherical shell 601 and lower spherical shell 602 being mutually matched, upper spherical shell 601 and lower ball
There are four the through-holes 603 being mutually matched for the contact position cutting of shell 602, and the inside of hanging culture ball 6 is connected by through-hole 603 with the external world
It is logical, motion bar 604 is fixedly connected on the inner wall of upper spherical shell 601, motion bar 604 is fixedly connected far from one end of upper spherical shell 601
There is limited cover 606, fixed link 605, the one end of fixed link 605 far from lower spherical shell 602 are fixedly connected on the inner wall of lower spherical shell 602
Cutting has the limit sliding chutes 607 to match with limited cover 606, and motion bar 604 is plugged on limit far from one end of upper spherical shell 601
In sliding slot 607, it is socketed with sealing cover 609 on motion bar 604, and sealing cover 609 is connect with 605 inner thread of fixed link, limits
It is fixedly connected with compressed spring 608 between the trough floor and sealing cover 609 of sliding slot 607, and compressed spring 608 is socketed in motion bar
604 outside, under the action of being in compressed spring 608 of compressive state, upper spherical shell 601 is in always with lower spherical shell 602 and closes
Conjunction state, and underwater to threaten biggish predator for freshwater mussel be to have jaw fish, and have jaw fish to be difficult to break spherical shell 601
With lower spherical shell 602, be that freshwater mussel can grow in a safer environment, be not easy because natural enemy there are due to cause it is a large amount of
Freshwater mussel is dead, and seal wear-resistant ring 610, and seal wear-resistant ring 610 and sealing cover are connected between motion bar 604 and sealing cover 609
609 are fixedly connected, and the inner wall of seal wear-resistant ring 610 and the outer wall of motion bar 604 are fixedly connected to polishing layer, seal wear-resistant ring
610 can reduce the abrasion between motion bar 604 and sealing cover 609, make connection between motion bar 604 and sealing cover 609 not
It easily shakes, does not easily cause spherical shell 601 and lower spherical shell 602 to misplace, be not easy to influence the protecting effect of hanging culture ball 6, fixed link
Water proof rubber pad is fixedly connected between 605 and sealing cover 609, water proof rubber pad is fixedly connected with sealing cover 609, is increased and is fixed
Leakproofness between bar 605 and sealing cover 609 is that the compressed spring 608 in limit sliding chutes 607 is not easy to corrode, and is not easy to influence to hang
Support the closed state of ball 6.
Fig. 1-3 is please referred to, locating rod 4 is connected with thread sealed closure 9 far from the threaded one end of lakebed, and thread sealed closure 9 has
There is position-limiting action, when lake is in flood season, floating ball 5, hanging culture ball 6 and clump weight 7 are not easy the water surface because of rise from locating rod 4
It falls off, is carved with scale line 10 on the outer wall of locating rod 4, and scale line 10 is located at locating rod 4 close to one end of thread sealed closure 9,
The water level that lake water can be effectively observed by thread sealed closure 9 facilitates fisherman and substantially understands specific flood season, reasonably kept away
Danger, locating rod 4, floating ball 5, hanging culture ball 6, lantern ring 8 and thread sealed closure 9 select highstrenghtpiston to be made, and hanging culture ball 6 is selected
The high strength plastics of transparent material, making long period of soaking, locating rod 4, floating ball 5, hanging culture ball 6, lantern ring 8 and thread sealed closure 9 be not in water
Easy-to-rust failure, and hanging culture ball 6 selects transparent material to can reduce the barrier to daylight, is not easy to influence the hanging culture in hanging culture ball 6
Freshwater mussel normal growth.
It please be referring to Fig. 9, its cultural method are as follows:
S1 artificial insemination selects the good individual of ontogeny as kind of a freshwater mussel, carries out artificial insemination to it, certainly due to freshwater mussel
So insemination method is in vitro fertilization, and success rate is lower, it is therefore desirable to the female freshwater mussel fertilization of human assistance improves female freshwater mussel successful fertilization rate,
Staff collects mature sperm, and will be collected into mature sperm and be injected into using collection devices such as syringes out of male freshwater mussel body
Female freshwater mussel is cultivated in dedicated small containers, cultivates 7-10 days, carries out indirect labor's insemination；
The female freshwater mussel for completing artificial insemination, is transferred to the breeding of breeding system 1 by the development of S2 parent by cultivating with small containers
It in case, develops the intracorporal fertilized eggs of female freshwater mussel gradually and saves worm for immature hook Jie larva, immature hook Jie larva section worm is raw
There are in female freshwater mussel body, nutrition is provided by parent；
The release of S3 larva, the hook Jie larva to reach maturity in female freshwater mussel body can be detached from out of female freshwater mussel body automatically, find new
Host；
S4 parasitism fish body, mature hook Jie larva passes through the breeding box of breeding system 1, into the box for breeding of seedling system 2
It is interior, after adhering to suitable host fish, colonizes in and continue to develop on host fish；
The young freshwater mussel of S5 falls off, and the hook Jie larva to reach maturity on host fish is changed into young freshwater mussel, and falls off from host fish；
Young freshwater mussel in box for breeding is collected, is divided into hanging culture ball 6, and the falling sphere hanging culture in lake by S6 freshwater mussel hanging culture；
S7 harvest takes out hanging culture ball 6 by the time hanging culture of a year and a half at freshwater mussel from water, obtains into out of hanging culture ball 6
Ripe freshwater mussel, the freshwater mussel meat of available maturation and pearl out of freshwater mussel body.
It may be implemented to make freshwater mussel during growth and development using hanging culture technology, be not easily susceptible to natural enemy predation, while side
Just the subsequent harvesting work of raiser, and the hanging culture system 3 comprising hanging culture ball is arranged in the water inlet or water outlet in lake,
Using the water flow of lake water inlet or water outlet, enough food is provided for freshwater mussel of the hanging culture in hanging culture ball 6, facilitates freshwater mussel
After filter is eaten, while the foreign matters such as silt being mingled with by water flow enter the intracorporal capsule of growing cultured pearls of freshwater mussel, pearl core can be automatically become, freshwater mussel body is made
Process of inside growing cultured pearls simulates wild state as far as possible, promotes the quality grown cultured pearls, and the self weight of clump weight 7 is finally utilized, according to lake
Flood season or dry season formed self feed back adjust, fix the depth of water position of hanging culture ball 6 always, and be located at hanging culture ball 6 in river
Freshwater mussel can receive enough sunshine, promote the normal growth of freshwater mussel.
It is described above；It is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention；But scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto；
Anyone skilled in the art is in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention；According to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
It improves design and is subject to equivalent substitution or change；It should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system, including freshwater lake, breeding system (1), seedling system (2) and hanging culture
System (3), and breeding system (1), seedling system (2) and hanging culture system (3) are arranged in the freshwater lake of cultivation, it is special
Sign is: the breeding system (1) includes breeding box and female freshwater mussel in breeding box, and the seedling system (2) includes cultivation
The outer wall of case and the host fish in box for breeding, the breeding box and box for breeding is reticular structure, and breeding box is positioned at feeding
It grows in case, the box for breeding and breeding box are respectively positioned on the more tranquil lake central area of lake water, and the hanging culture system (3) includes more
Root locating rod (4), and one end of multiple locating rods (4) is fixedly connected on the lakebed of freshwater lake, the locating rod (4)
The other end is located on lake water liquid level, is socketed with lantern ring (8) on the outside of the locating rod (4), solid on the outer wall of the lantern ring (8)
Surely it is connected with floating ball (5), the downside of the floating ball (5) is equipped with hanging culture ball (6), and the downside of the hanging culture ball (6) is equipped with clump weight
(7), steel cable rope is fixedly connected between the hanging culture ball (6) and floating ball (5) and clump weight (7).
2. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seedling system
(2) host fish can select Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in, and seedling system (2) the box for breeding network interface need to need to select bore biggish.
3. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: multiple positioning
Bar (4) is respectively positioned on the water inlet or water outlet of freshwater lake.
4. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the hanging culture ball
It (6) include the upper spherical shell (601) and lower spherical shell (602) being mutually matched, the contact of the upper spherical shell (601) and lower spherical shell (602)
There are four the through-holes (603) being mutually matched for place's cutting, and the inside of hanging culture ball (6) is connected by through-hole (603) with the external world, institute
It states and is fixedly connected on the inner wall of spherical shell (601) motion bar (604), the one of the motion bar (604) separate upper spherical shell (601)
End is fixedly connected with limited cover (606), is fixedly connected with fixed link (605), the fixation on the inner wall of the lower spherical shell (602)
Bar (605) is dug far from the one end of lower spherical shell (602) the limit sliding chutes (607) to match with limited cover (606), and motion bar
(604) one end far from upper spherical shell (601) is plugged in limit sliding chutes (607), is socketed with sealing cover on the motion bar (604)
(609), and sealing cover (609) is connect with fixed link (605) inner thread, the trough floor and sealing of the limit sliding chutes (607)
It is fixedly connected with compressed spring (608) between lid (609), and compressed spring (608) is socketed in the outside of motion bar (604).
5. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the motion bar
(604) it is connected between sealing cover (609) seal wear-resistant ring (610), and seal wear-resistant ring (610) and sealing cover (609) are solid
Fixed connection, the inner wall of the seal wear-resistant ring (610) and the outer wall of motion bar (604) are fixedly connected to polishing layer.
6. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the fixed link
(605) water proof rubber pad, the water proof rubber pad and sealing cover (609) fixed company are fixedly connected between sealing cover (609)
It connects.
7. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the locating rod
(4) threaded one end far from lakebed is connected with thread sealed closure (9).
8. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the locating rod
(4) it is carved on outer wall scale line (10), and scale line (10) is located at the one end of locating rod (4) close to thread sealed closure (9).
9. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the locating rod
(4), floating ball (5), hanging culture ball (6), lantern ring (8) and thread sealed closure (9) select highstrenghtpiston to be made, and hanging culture ball (6)
Select the high strength plastics of transparent material.
10. a kind of saturation type water pearl culture system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that its cultural method
Are as follows:
S1 artificial insemination selects the good individual of ontogeny as kind of a freshwater mussel, artificial insemination is carried out to it, and staff utilizes note
The collection devices such as emitter collect mature sperm out of male freshwater mussel body, and will be collected into mature sperm be injected into female freshwater mussel cultivate it is dedicated
It in small containers, cultivates 7-10 days, carries out indirect labor's insemination；
The female freshwater mussel for completing artificial insemination, is transferred to the breeding box of breeding system (1) by the development of S2 parent by cultivating with small containers
It is interior, it develops the intracorporal fertilized eggs of female freshwater mussel gradually and saves worm, immature hook Jie larva section worm existence for immature hook Jie larva
In female freshwater mussel body, nutrition is provided by parent；
The release of S3 larva, the hook Jie larva to reach maturity in female freshwater mussel body can be detached from out of female freshwater mussel body automatically, find new host；
S4 parasitism fish body, mature hook Jie larva passes through the breeding box of breeding system (1), into the box for breeding of seedling system (2)
It is interior, after adhering to suitable host fish, colonizes in and continue to develop on host fish；
The young freshwater mussel of S5 falls off, and the hook Jie larva to reach maturity on host fish is changed into young freshwater mussel, and falls off from host fish；
S6 freshwater mussel hanging culture collects the young freshwater mussel in box for breeding, is divided into hanging culture ball (6), and the falling sphere hanging culture in lake；
S7 harvest takes out hanging culture ball (6) by the time hanging culture of a year and a half at freshwater mussel from water, obtain out of hanging culture ball (6) at
Ripe freshwater mussel, the freshwater mussel meat of available maturation and pearl out of freshwater mussel body.
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| CN110269020B (en) | 2021-07-23 |
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