CN110258585A - Open-pit mine blast greening method - Google Patents
Open-pit mine blast greening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110258585A CN110258585A CN201910509763.1A CN201910509763A CN110258585A CN 110258585 A CN110258585 A CN 110258585A CN 201910509763 A CN201910509763 A CN 201910509763A CN 110258585 A CN110258585 A CN 110258585A
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- slope
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of open-pit mine blast greening methods comprising: obtain the original step height and original slope angle of refuse dump step to be afforested；Determine the final slope angle and final step height of step to be afforested；The top of the slope line position after afforesting step and cutting slope is determined according to original step height, original slope angle and final slope angle；Slope region to be cut is determined according to original step height, original slope angle, final slope angle, final step height and top of the slope line position；Treat cut slope region carry out drop section cut slope, form final slope surface；It is afforested in the final slope surface.Refuse dump bank slope can be reduced using the embodiment of the present invention, it is evenly arranged in overburden soil in the slope surface of refuse dump, it avoids improving the survival rate of afforestation vegetation due to the too thin caused vegetation problem of death of covering soil thickness, reducing greening work cost and working strength.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to open coal mine technical fields, and in particular to a kind of open-pit mine blast greening method.
Background technique
In recent years, the environmental improvement of open coal mine is taken seriously further, and domestic refuse dump regulation and greening technique obtain
It rapidly develops.After refuse dump step in the prior art cuts slope one-pass molding by long-armed hydraulic crawler excavator, then carry out loess covering.
Since the refuse dump bank slope of opencut is larger, water and soil is not easy to keep, and overburden soil cannot be deposited in equably in covering
It in slope surface, is easy to be slipped to refuse dump bottom, causes bottom thickness big, top is thin, influences the growth of green plants, survival rate
It is low, be easy to cause greening work repeatedly with the waste of cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of open-pit mine blast greening method, to solve the above technical problems.
The embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of open-pit mine blast greening method comprising: obtain refuse dump step to be afforested
Original step height and original slope angle；Determine the final slope angle and final step height of step to be afforested；According to original
Step height, original slope angle and final slope angle determine the top of the slope line position after afforesting step and cutting slope；According to original step
Highly, original slope angle, final slope angle, final step height and top of the slope line position determine slope region to be cut；It treats and cuts slope
Region carries out drop section and cuts slope, forms final slope surface；It is afforested in the final slope surface.
Optionally it is determined that the final slope angle of step to be afforested includes: the severe r for obtaining step Rock And Soil to be afforested, most
Cohesive strength C, internalfrictionangleφ, the area A of whole slope surface, rock volume V；According to Ka=r*V*cos θ * tg φ+A*C/ (r*V*sin
θ) calculate final slope angle θ when Ka > 1.
Optionally, further includes: treat cut slope region carry out drop section cut slope while, screen overburden soil；In overburden soil
Add soil moisturizing agent；It is smooth to the progress of final slope surface, the overburden soil for adding soil moisturizing agent is covered in final slope surface, and
The overburden soil compacting of soil moisturizing agent will be added.
Optionally, smooth to the progress of final slope surface, the overburden soil for adding soil moisturizing agent is covered in final slope surface, and
It will be after the overburden soil compacting that soil moisturizing agent be added, further includes: covered on the square position of the step to be afforested after cutting slope to drop section
Add the overburden soil of soil moisturizing agent；The overburden soil of addition soil moisturizing agent on the smooth square position；In square position and finally
Matts is set with the overburden soil of addition soil moisturizing agent in slope surface.
Optionally, it treats to cut slope region and carry out drop section and cuts slope, forming final slope surface includes: by slope region to be cut according to predetermined
Width is segmented in the horizontal direction, is layered according to predetermined thickness in vertical direction, is formed multiple to production zone；Successively
Exploitation is described to production zone.
Optionally, using galianconism hydraulic crawler excavator, bull-dozer, loading machine integration of operation, exploitation is described to production zone.
Optionally, the preset width is 6-8 meters.
Optionally, the predetermined thickness is 1-3 meters.
Optionally, the final step height is 28-32 meters.
Optionally, final slope angle is 30-33 °.
Open-pit mine blast greening method provided in an embodiment of the present invention carries out cutting gradient section by first treating greening step,
It is afforested in final slope surface again, refuse dump bank slope can be reduced, be evenly arranged in overburden soil in the slope surface of refuse dump, avoid
Due to covering soil thickness it is too thin caused by vegetation problem of death, improve the survival rate of afforestation vegetation, reduce greening work cost and
Working strength.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the open-pit mine blast greening method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the construction schematic diagram of the open-pit mine blast greening method of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail.It is wherein identical
Components are presented with like reference characters.It should be noted that word "front", "rear" used in the following description, " left side ",
" right side ", "up" and "down" refer to that the direction in attached drawing, word "inner" and "outside" are referred respectively to towards or away from particular elements
The direction of geometric center.
Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the open-pit mine blast greening method of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, of the invention
The open-pit mine blast greening method that embodiment provides comprising:
S100 obtains the original step height and original slope angle of refuse dump step to be afforested；
As shown in Fig. 2, the original step height of step 1 to be afforested is about 19-20m, original slope angle is greater than 35 °, generally
It is 65 °.
S200 determines the final slope angle and final step height of step to be afforested；
Required according to stope and slope surface angle of repose etc. design step to be afforested final slope angle and final step it is high
Degree.For final slope angle less than 33 °, final step height can be determined as 28-32 meters by empirical value.
In the embodiment of fig. 2, final slope angle is between 30 and 33 °, final step height: H1=28.49 meters, H2
=29.34 meters.
S300 determines the slope after afforesting step and cutting slope according to original step height, original slope angle and final slope angle
Top line position；
Bench crest is located on the square position of step 1 to be afforested.
S400, according to original step height, original slope angle, final slope angle, final step height and bench crest position
It sets and determines slope region to be cut；
As shown in Fig. 2, the final step state of step 1 to be afforested is design step 2.Design step 2 slope surface with to green
Changing the region between 1 slope surface of step is slope region to be cut.
S500, treat cut slope region carry out drop section cut slope, form final slope surface；
In the present embodiment, treated using galianconism hydraulic crawler excavator cut slope region carry out drop section cut slope.For original slope surface
Angle is greater than 33 °, to be afforested step of the original step height greater than 30 meters, drops section in advance to final step height less than 30 meters, most
Whole slope angle is less than 33 °.
S600 is afforested in the final slope surface.
The grass seeds being adapted with ambient enviroment is selected, is sowed in the final slope surface of design step 2, the amount of sowing is
20kg/hm2。
Sprinkling maintenance is carried out to final slope surface daily, guarantees grass-seed survival rate.The watering time is March to October.Watering
Water source comes from pit water water burst, it can be achieved that water resource recycles, and solves the water resources problem of opencast discharging earth field greening water resource, both
It is environmentally friendly and economical.
Open-pit mine blast greening method provided in an embodiment of the present invention carries out cutting gradient section by first treating greening step,
It is afforested in final slope surface again, refuse dump bank slope can be reduced, be evenly arranged in overburden soil in the slope surface of refuse dump, avoid
Due to covering soil thickness it is too thin caused by vegetation problem of death, improve the survival rate of afforestation vegetation, reduce greening work cost and
Working strength.
Preferably, in s 200, determining that the final slope angle of step to be afforested includes:
S210 obtains severe r (KN/m3), the cohesive strength C (kpa) of final slope surface, interior friction of step Rock And Soil to be afforested
Angle φ, area A (m2), rock volume V (m3)；
S220 calculates final slope angle θ when Ka > 1 according to Ka=r*V*cos θ * tg φ+A*C/ (r*V*sin θ).
Wherein, cohesive strength C, internalfrictionangleφ can refer to the empirical value of gravelly soil.For Ka > 1, both needed in natural work
Guarantee that safety factor of slope stability is greater than 1, will also guarantee the safety factor of slope stability under heavy rain and earthquake operating condition under condition
Greater than 1.
By calculating final slope angle θ, it is ensured that the stability of final slope surface, to be conducive to surviving for afforestation vegetation
Rate.
Further, open-pit mine blast greening method, further include:
S510, to cut slope region carry out drop section cut slope while, screen overburden soil；
While cutting slope, dregs is screened on the spot, obtains overburden soil.
S520 adds soil moisturizing agent in overburden soil；
In overburden soil after screening, soil moisturizing agent is added in proportion, is then covered to final slope surface.
By adding soil moisturizing agent, moisture in open-pit mine blast can be solved and be easy to be lost evaporation, the survival of plant difficulty or ease
The problem of.
S530, it is smooth to the progress of final slope surface, the overburden soil for adding soil moisturizing agent is covered in final slope surface, and will
Add the overburden soil compacting of soil moisturizing agent.
In the present embodiment, overburden soil is loess.By covering loess in Xiao Po, galianconism hydraulic crawler excavator can solve
It cuts in gradient section due to excavating radius small the problem of slope surface can not being down to design requirement.Moreover, carrying out smooth pressure to overburden soil
It is real, the degree of adhesion of final slope surface and overburden soil can be increased, overburden soil is solved and be not easy to retain in slope surface and in uneven thickness ask
Topic.
Further, S530, it is smooth to the progress of final slope surface, the overburden soil for adding soil moisturizing agent is covered on final slope
On face, and will be after the overburden soil compacting that soil moisturizing agent be added, further includes:
S531 cuts the overburden soil of covering addition soil moisturizing agent on the square position of the step to be afforested behind slope to drop section；
S532, the overburden soil of the addition soil moisturizing agent on the smooth square position；
S533 sets matts with the overburden soil of addition soil moisturizing agent on square position and final slope surface.
In the present embodiment, the matts of 50m*50m is set on square position.The width of square position between adjacent final slope surface
About 6.5 meters.
By setting matts on square position and final slope surface, not only it is conducive to water and soil conservation, plant survival can also solve most
When there are the gradient in whole slope surface, square position, the problem of being unfavorable for watering Irrigation.
Preferably, S500, treat cut slope region carry out drop section cut slope, forming final slope surface includes:
S501, will slope region be cut be segmented in the horizontal direction according to preset width, according to predetermined thickness in vertical side
To being layered, formed multiple to production zone；
Wherein, preset width is 6-8 meters, and predetermined thickness is 1-3 meters.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, it treats and cuts slope region according to 7 meters of preset width, 2 meters of predetermined thickness
Degree carries out segmentation and cuts slope.
It is smooth to the progress of final slope surface using scraper bowl plane by galianconism hydraulic crawler excavator in Xiao Po, and loess is covered, it presses
It is real.
S502, successively exploitation is described to production zone, forms final slope surface.
Galianconism hydraulic crawler excavator, bull-dozer, loading machine integration of operation, according to 2 meters of level course positions, final slope angle is
33 ° successively carry out drop section and cut slope processing.
Exploited by staged and layered, solve galianconism hydraulic crawler excavator cut in gradient section due to excavating radius is small can not be by slope surface
The problem of being down to design requirement.
More than, technical solution of the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments, described specific implementation
Example is used to help understand thought of the invention.The derivation that those skilled in the art make on the basis of the specific embodiment of the invention
It is also belonged within the scope of the present invention with modification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of open-pit mine blast greening method characterized by comprising
Obtain the original step height and original slope angle of refuse dump step to be afforested；
Determine the final slope angle and final step height of step to be afforested；
The top of the slope line position after afforesting step and cutting slope is determined according to original step height, original slope angle and final slope angle；
According to original step height, original slope angle, final slope angle, final step height and top of the slope line position determine to
Cut slope region；
Treat cut slope region carry out drop section cut slope, form final slope surface；
It is afforested in the final slope surface.
2. open-pit mine blast greening method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that determine the final slope of step to be afforested
Face angle includes:
Obtain the severe r of step Rock And Soil to be afforested, the cohesive strength C of final slope surface, internalfrictionangleφ, area A, rock volume V；
Final slope angle θ when Ka > 1 is calculated according to Ka=r*V*cos θ * tg φ+A*C/ (r*V*sin θ).
3. open-pit mine blast greening method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that further include:
Treat cut slope region carry out drop section cut slope while, screen overburden soil；
Soil moisturizing agent is added in overburden soil；
It is smooth to the progress of final slope surface, the overburden soil for adding soil moisturizing agent is covered in final slope surface, and soil will be added
The overburden soil of moisturizer is compacted.
4. open-pit mine blast greening method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that it is smooth to the progress of final slope surface, it will
The overburden soil of addition soil moisturizing agent is covered in final slope surface, and by after the overburden soil compacting for adding soil moisturizing agent, is gone back
Include:
The overburden soil of covering addition soil moisturizing agent on the square position of step to be afforested after cutting slope to drop section；
The overburden soil of addition soil moisturizing agent on the smooth square position；
Matts is set with the overburden soil of addition soil moisturizing agent on square position and final slope surface.
5. open-pit mine blast greening method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that treat cut slope region carry out drop section cut
Slope, forming final slope surface includes:
Slope region to be cut is segmented in the horizontal direction according to preset width, is divided according to predetermined thickness in vertical direction
Layer is formed multiple to production zone；
Successively exploitation is described to production zone.
6. open-pit mine blast greening method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that using galianconism hydraulic crawler excavator, push away
Native machine, loading machine integration of operation, exploitation are described to production zone.
7. open-pit mine blast greening method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the preset width is 6-8 meters.
8. open-pit mine blast greening method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the predetermined thickness is 1-3 meters.
9. open-pit mine blast greening method a method as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, which is characterized in that the final step height
It is 28-32 meters.
10. open-pit mine blast greening method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that final slope angle is 30-33 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910509763.1A CN110258585A (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2019-06-13 | Open-pit mine blast greening method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910509763.1A CN110258585A (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2019-06-13 | Open-pit mine blast greening method |
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| CN110258585A true CN110258585A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
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| CN201910509763.1A Pending CN110258585A (en) | 2019-06-13 | 2019-06-13 | Open-pit mine blast greening method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112982447A (en) * | 2021-02-27 | 2021-06-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Strip mine refuse dump with ecological step slope surface structure |
| CN114837202A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-02 | 中国矿业大学 | Ecological restoration method for slope-to-ladder change of steps of strip mine waste dump |
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| CN105723846A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-07-06 | 大连地拓重工有限公司 | Reclamation and ecological recovery method for mine waste dump |
| CN106368224A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Graded slope reinforcing reverse construction method for high slope under complicated geology |
| CN107339107A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-10 | 华能伊敏煤电有限责任公司 | Open-pit mine blast afforests the processing method of bench face |
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2019
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN105723846A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2016-07-06 | 大连地拓重工有限公司 | Reclamation and ecological recovery method for mine waste dump |
| CN106368224A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏建筑职业技术学院 | Graded slope reinforcing reverse construction method for high slope under complicated geology |
| CN107339107A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-10 | 华能伊敏煤电有限责任公司 | Open-pit mine blast afforests the processing method of bench face |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112982447A (en) * | 2021-02-27 | 2021-06-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Strip mine refuse dump with ecological step slope surface structure |
| CN114837202A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-02 | 中国矿业大学 | Ecological restoration method for slope-to-ladder change of steps of strip mine waste dump |
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Application publication date: 20190920 |