CN110226481A - A kind of light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests - Google Patents
A kind of light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests Download PDFInfo
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- CN110226481A CN110226481A CN201910650181.5A CN201910650181A CN110226481A CN 110226481 A CN110226481 A CN 110226481A CN 201910650181 A CN201910650181 A CN 201910650181A CN 110226481 A CN110226481 A CN 110226481A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D91/00—Methods for harvesting agricultural products
- A01D91/02—Products growing in the soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, disclose a kind of light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests, 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate is uniformly sprayed on argy wormwood stalk or corn stover, according to being covered in argy wormwood stalk or corn stover after well-rotted farmyard manure and the mixing of sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio, then watering is drenched；In tuber of pinellia harvesting, argy wormwood stalk or corn stover are lifted, harvests tuber of pinellia stem tuber.The present invention realizes Chinese mugwort stalk or returning to the field; conducive to protection environment; corn stover is laid on the nutrient increased in soil below tuber of pinellia field; increase soil microbe quantity; improve soil physical property; the bioactivity of soil is improved, corn stover has certain toughness, internal fluffy; water penetration and gas permeability are fine; surface humidity is advantageously reduced, is grown convenient for tuber of pinellia fibrous root, reduces pest and disease damage; while after argy wormwood stalk or corn stover shop fixtures; it only needs gently to lift and achieves that the tuber of pinellia harvests, recovery process is simple, saves working hour.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology more particularly to a kind of light simplified cultivation sides that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests
Method.
Background technique
Currently, the immediate prior art:
The tuber of pinellia (Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit.) is Araeceae Pinellia Tenore herbaceos perennial, is
A kind of important medicinal plant.Adaptability is stronger, wider in Chinese branch.Its warm-natured, acrid flavour has kobadrin, drop check
It vomits, dissolving lump and resolving mass, anti-arrhythmia, reducing blood lipid, detoxify anti-inflammatory, blood pressure lowering and other effects.It is the bulk pharmaceutical chemicals of a variety of Chinese patent drugs, has long-drawn-out
Long medication history.Tuber of pinellia application range is more, and market efficiency is preferable, and mu is taken in close to 30,000 yuan, shakes off poverty for poverty-stricken area
It assaults fortified position work, and beautiful rural construction is significant.
Argy wormwood (wormwood) is field common weed, widely distributed Asia and European Region.It is also China some areas emphasis
The Chinese medicine of development, argy wormwood prevention pestilence is with a history of thousands of years, and the pharmacological research of modern medicine shows that argy wormwood is a kind of wide
The drug of anti-bacteria and anti-virus is composed, it has inhibition and lethal effect to a lot of viruses and bacterium, has centainly to respiratory disease
Preventive and therapeutic effect.In agricultural, argy wormwood, which extracts raw material, can be used for the development of biological pesticide, and some researches show that argy wormwood is not
Harmful crops insect such as aphid, lepidopterous larvae, cinnabar leaf dragonfly can be killed with the extracted extracting solution of quantity of solvent, while it is mentioned
Liquid is taken to have the effect of inhibiting different fungies and bacterial growth.Using argy wormwood development of resources botanical pesticide have low toxicity, efficiently,
High selection, few remaining safety, are a kind of " environment friendly agriculturals ", have very wide development prospect.The main medicinal portion of argy wormwood
Position is leaf portion, dries and smashs to pieces " moxa ", moxa stick processed can make the raw material of " ink paste " for moxa-moxibustion.But its stem is long-term to be obtained
It is utilized less than reasonable, it is mostly idle to rot or burned as stalk, extremely it is unfavorable for environmental protection.
With the expansion of tuber of pinellia planting scale, tuber of pinellia harvesting at present and disease problem become tripping for tuber of pinellia industry development
Stone.The main medicinal part of the tuber of pinellia is stem tuber, but since its stem tuber is relatively small, and size is inhomogenous, has focused largely on
Between 0.5-3cm, harvest more troublesome, traditional mainly to be excavated and sorted with small plane hoe or little rake, harvesting speed
Extremely slow, about 60 square metres of a people one day harvesting is spent, 0.07 hectare harvesting expense nearly 1,000 yuan seriously reduces the income of farmer.Separately
Outside, the diseases large area such as tuber of pinellia bacterial soft rot (boiling hot leaf disease), root rot is broken out, these diseases can cause plant withered,
Commercial value is thoroughly lost, prevention and treatment is more difficult at present, and due to lacking reasonable cultivation step, all kinds ofization are abused in farmer's lavishment
Medicament is learned, the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria is on the one hand increased, in addition also polluted environment, increase the wind of Pinellia Ternate pesticide residue
Danger, does not extremely meet the requirement that industry development and ecological protection advance side by side.
For corn as one of main cereal crops in China, cultivated area is huge, and corn stover is largely idle at present,
Part corn-growing regions, which exist, simultaneously burns corn stover phenomenon, brings very big influence to environment, has seriously affected air quality.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
(1) in the prior art, remaining stalk after the harvesting of argy wormwood blade is not applied in tuber of pinellia planting process, is not had
The value for making full use of argy wormwood stalk can not achieve it and prevent and treat tuber of pinellia bacterial soft rot and root rot, not can increase the tuber of pinellia and adopt
It produces effects rate.
(2) in the prior art, excavation be easy to cause the injury of tuber of pinellia bulb and breakage, accelerates pest and disease damage, influences the tuber of pinellia
Quality and appearance.
(3) in the prior art, a kind of tuber of pinellia ecological cultivation method CN107771630A needs in addition to buy nylon wire conduct
Bulb net be easy to cause environmental pollution, no antibacterial action after discarded, while the investment of nylon wire 0.07 hectare is larger, to a certain degree
Upper reduction farmer's profit, is unfavorable for being widely applied.
(4) in the prior art, a kind of tuber of pinellia straw coverage culture method CN201510935938.7 emphasizes a field straw
It covers in tuber of pinellia field, so far without document and related patents stalk, especially Chinese medicine argy wormwood stalk is laid on tuber of pinellia soil
Following research and technological invention.Either straw or wheat straw waste all do not have the effect that worm is controlled in sterilization, Er Qietian simultaneously
Between be easy to rot, but argy wormwood stalk is relatively thick, and fibr tissue is more, not perishable, meets the tuber of pinellia about 7 months growth weeks
Phase.
(5) in the prior art, feature after maize straw is not utilized, a large amount of water of Zinc fractions cannot be made
Stability crumb structure not can increase the activity of total porosity and the various microorganisms of enhancing, the tuber of pinellia made to be unfavorable for accelerating leaf near the ground
The photosynthesis of piece.
(6) in the prior art, a kind of stereo cultivating method of the corn intercrop tuber of pinellia of CN201510305981.5, is only emphasized
Made between corn and the tuber of pinellia, provides hidden environment using the height of corn for the tuber of pinellia, do not mention effective use corn stover, it is real
Now light simplified cultivation purpose.
(7) in the prior art, lack the secure side prevented and treated tuber of pinellia bacterial disease, fungal disease and pest integrative
Method.The wherein pest control method in CN201210532860.0 tuber of pinellia Efficient Cultivation, it is prominent with fruit tree and the tuber of pinellia interplant come
Pest and disease damage is prevented and treated, but the technology is rejected because of many-sided reason application.
Solve the difficulty of above-mentioned technical problem:
Tuber of pinellia pest and disease damage harm at present is serious and harvesting difficulty is that maximum obstruction is asked during tuber of pinellia related industry greatly
Topic, for a long time lavishment abuse all kinds of medicaments, polluted environment, cause medical material quanlity to decline, also increase pathogen and pest
Drug resistance, can not find at present it is suitable, effectively, the ecological cultivation method of green.In addition tuber of pinellia harvesting needs a large amount of labor
Power, rural area are mostly 60 or more old men, can not provide effective labour and ensure, these problems are extremely unfavorable for the length of tuber of pinellia industry
Phase sustainable development, in addition argy wormwood becomes the Chinese Medicine Industry that many areas in China are greatly developed, but after collecting blade, argy wormwood
How rationally the basic abandoned of stalk does not have commercial value, efficiently use argy wormwood stalk, and reducing environmental pollution also becomes argy wormwood production
The problem of industry development.
Solve the meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
The comprehensive utilization that argy wormwood stalk can be efficiently solved using one side of the invention, reduces crop straw burning bring ring
Border pollution, in addition can use the antibacterial characteristics of argy wormwood stalk itself, effectively inhibit all kinds of pathomycetes and bacterium in soil, delay
The high-incidence problem of tuber of pinellia pest and disease damage is solved, while this technology advantageously reduces the amount of application of chemical pesticide and fertilizer, guarantees the production of the tuber of pinellia
Amount and quality, it is most important that this technology is easy to operate, and tuber of pinellia harvesting is difficult, and the big problem of the amount of labour used is realized for strong solving
The light of the tuber of pinellia simplifies green cultivation, accomplishes that tuber of pinellia plantation and harvesting subtract work and subtract medicine, thus it is effectively guaranteed that tuber of pinellia industry health, can
Sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of light simplified cultivation sides that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests
Method.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests, comprising:
Before tuber of pinellia plantation, the argy wormwood stalk or corn stover that dry closely are tiled onto compartment face, argy wormwood stalk or corn
Stalk length 120-150cm uniformly sprays 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate on argy wormwood stalk or corn stover, after sunning one day,
It is covered in argy wormwood stalk or corn stover after being mixed according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio, thickness 6-15cm,
Then watering is drenched.
When the tuber of pinellia harvests, argy wormwood stalk or corn stover are lifted, harvests tuber of pinellia stem tuber.
Further, the light simplified cultivation method that the tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests includes:
Before tuber of pinellia plantation, the argy wormwood stalk dried is tiled onto compartment face, argy wormwood stalk length 120-150cm, in argy wormwood
0.1% liquor potassic permanganate is uniformly sprayed on stalk, after sunning one day, according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio
It is covered in after mixing on argy wormwood stalk, thickness 6-15cm, then watering is drenched；
In tuber of pinellia harvesting, argy wormwood stalk is lifted, harvests tuber of pinellia stem tuber.
Wherein, the preferred 120cm of argy wormwood stalk length covers after mixing according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio
It is placed on the middle preferred 10cm of thickness on argy wormwood stalk.
Further, the argy wormwood stalk dried is closely tiled to needing on the face of compartment to carry out site preparation: selection soil layer is deep, is rich in
Organic matter, water penetration are strong, do not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past；It ploughs before sowing and opens compartment, compartment face 120cm, compartment furrow width 40cm,
Ditch depth 30cm；Behind whole good ground, a bar ditch are opened every 30m, communicate irrigation canals and ditches, irrigation and drainage are smooth.
Further, after the watering of shop fixtures argy wormwood stalk is drenched, also need to carry out bulb selection: selection surface no disease and pests harm, nothing are appointed
What wound, diameter 1-1.5cm bulb make provenance.
Further, bulb selection after, carry out bulb processing: by bulb be put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid+
It impregnates 20 minutes, dries rear spare in 25% 1000 times of pyraclostrobin liquid.
Further, after bulb processing, bulb plantation is carried out:
Furrow sowing, bulb depth 4cm are carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm.
Further, field water fertilizer is carried out after bulb plantation to manage and protect.
Further, the method for tuber of pinellia harvesting specifically includes: late September starts to harvest；8-10 plants of Chinese mugworts are once lifted when harvesting
Wormwood artemisia stalk shakes off topsoil between argy wormwood stalk, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvests respectively.
Further, after tuber of pinellia harvesting, meet processing request, dried after cleaning, used for medicinal material；Small conduct provenance,
It is placed in ventilative canvas bag, dry shady and cool preservation.
Further, the argy wormwood stalk is substituted using corn stover, carries out the light simplified cultivation that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests.
Further, the light simplified cultivation method that the tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests further comprises:
Before tuber of pinellia plantation, the corn stover dried closely is tiled onto compartment face, corn stover length 120-150cm,
0.1% liquor potassic permanganate is uniformly sprayed in corn stover, after sunning one day, according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2
It is covered in corn stover after ratio mixing, thickness 6-15cm, then watering is drenched.
When the tuber of pinellia harvests, corn stover is lifted, harvests tuber of pinellia stem tuber.
Further, the corn stover dried closely is tiled to needing on the face of compartment to carry out site preparation: selection soil layer is deep, is rich in
Organic matter, water penetration are strong, do not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past.It ploughs before sowing and opens compartment, compartment face 120cm, compartment furrow width 40cm,
Ditch depth 30cm.Behind whole good ground, a bar ditch are opened every 30m, communicate irrigation canals and ditches, irrigation and drainage are smooth.
Corn stover length is 120cm.
With a thickness of 10cm in being covered in corn stover after being mixed according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio.
Shop fixtures corn stover watering drench after, also need carry out bulb selection: selection surface no disease and pests harm, without any wound,
The bulb of diameter 1-1.5cm makees provenance.
After bulb selection, carries out bulb processing: bulb is put in+25% pyrazoles ether of 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid
It impregnates 20 minutes, dries rear spare in 1000 times of liquid of bacterium ester.
After bulb processing, bulb plantation is carried out:
Furrow sowing, bulb depth 4cm are carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm.
Field water fertilizer is carried out after bulb plantation to manage and protect.
The method of tuber of pinellia harvesting specifically includes: late September starts to harvest.8-10 plants of corn stovers are once lifted when harvesting,
Topsoil is shaken off between argy wormwood stalk, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvests respectively.
After tuber of pinellia harvesting, meet processing request, dried after cleaning, is used for medicinal material.Small conduct provenance, is placed in
In the canvas bag of gas, dry shady and cool preservation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of light simplified cultivation methods implementing the tuber of pinellia disease-resistant and easily harvesting
The light simplified cultivation framework that easily harvests of tuber of pinellia disease-resistant.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
The present invention after argy wormwood is harvested remaining stalk be applied to tuber of pinellia planting process in, make full use of the valence of argy wormwood stalk
Value realizes that it is prevented and treated tuber of pinellia bacterial soft rot, root rot and increases tuber of pinellia harvest efficiency.
Advantages of the present invention is also embodied in the following:
The present invention realizes Chinese mugwort stalk returning to the field, increases Chinese mugwort stalk and uses approach, prevent Chinese mugwort stalk from burning, is conducive to protection environment.
The argy wormwood stalk that the present invention utilizes contains volatile oil and contains acetic acid ethyl ester, 1,8- cineole, camphene hydrate, absinthol
Equal ingredients have inhibiting effect to a variety of fungies and bacterium, the tuber of pinellia can be inhibited to a certain extent bacillary after the stalk shop fixtures that ends and true
The growth of fungal disease pathogenic bacteria and pathogenic degree.
Present invention harvesting does not need too many extraneous tool, will not damage to tuber of pinellia bulb, guarantee the quality of the tuber of pinellia.
After the present invention utilizes argy wormwood stalk shop fixtures, separation layer is formed, enhances water penetration and gas permeability, can reduce ground well
Surface humidity is reduced through pathogen of the water source as route of transmission, the especially spread in china of soft rot
The present invention is conducive to harvesting, and the tuber of pinellia harvests take a lot of work at present, time-consuming, is the most key part of entire production link, passes
System method is to be excavated with rake or spud, and cumbersome, harvest efficiency is extremely low, after the stalk shop fixtures that ends, tuber of pinellia block
Stem length is on Chinese mugwort stalk, it is only necessary to which lifting Chinese mugwort stalk can be completed harvesting.
The present invention increases carbon in soil content, after Chinese mugwort stalk degradation, can be used as effective carbon fertilizer, reduces chemical fertilizer and apply
With.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the invention is further embodied in the following contents:
Corn stover provided by the invention is laid on the benefit below tuber of pinellia field:
1), increase the nutrient in soil, in corn stover containing certain nutrient (nitrogen rich in corn stover,
The various nutrient elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and organic matter, nitrogen content 0.6l%, phosphorus content 0.27%, potassium content are
2.28%, the content of organic matter can be up to 15% or so.) after shop fixtures, the effectiveness with base fertilizer.
2), increase soil microbe quantity, corn stover be laid on the tuber of pinellia in the following, can increase the quantity of Soil Microorganism with
And promote their activity, soil activation is improved, increases the coordination ability of liquid manure in soil, final bring consequence is to mention
The water conservation of high soil, fertilizer-preserving ability bring benefit for tuber of pinellia growth.
3) it, improves the ecological environment, for corn as one of main cereal crops in China, cultivated area is huge, part corn
There is burning corn stover and show in growing area, bring very big influence to environment, seriously affected air quality.
4), improve soil physical property: in the humic acid and soil after maize straw by microbial action formation
Calcium, magnesium be bonded to calcium humate and humic acid magnesium, make a large amount of water-stable granular structure of Zinc fractions, the soil weight after returning to the field
It is reduced than control, total porosity increases.
5), improve the bioactivity of soil: corn stover contains a large amount of chemical energy, is edaphon vital movement
The energy.The activity of various microorganisms can be enhanced in corn stover shop fixtures, i.e. reinforcement breathing, fiber hydrolization, ammonification and nitrification.
In addition, CO can be released during Corn Stalk Decomposition2, make upper soll layer CO2Concentration improves, and is conducive to accelerate blade near the ground
Photosynthesis.
6), corn stover has certain toughness, and internal fluffy, water penetration and gas permeability are fine, advantageously reduces surface humidity,
Convenient for the growth of tuber of pinellia fibrous root, pest and disease damage is reduced, while after shop fixtures, it is only necessary to it gently lifts and achieves that the tuber of pinellia harvests, it is real
Existing tuber of pinellia harvesting is light to be simplified.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the light simplified cultivation method flow diagram that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests.
Fig. 2 is the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests (using argy wormwood stalk)
Flow chart.
Fig. 3 is to be implemented in field experiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention using embodiment of the present invention method 1 and conventional method
Comparison diagram between example 4.In figure, (a) the method for the present invention；(b) conventional method.
Fig. 4 is the light simplified cultivation method implementing tuber of pinellia disease-resistant in field experiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention and easily harvesting
Light simplified cultivation framework (be laid with argy wormwood stalk) plane of arrangement figure for easily harvesting of tuber of pinellia disease-resistant.
Fig. 5 is the light simplified cultivation method implementing tuber of pinellia disease-resistant in field experiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention and easily harvesting
Light simplified cultivation framework (be laid with corn stover) plane of arrangement figure for easily harvesting of tuber of pinellia disease-resistant.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
In the prior art, remaining stalk is applied in tuber of pinellia planting process after not harvesting argy wormwood, without sufficiently benefit
With the value of argy wormwood stalk, it can not achieve it and prevent and treat tuber of pinellia bacterial soft rot, fungoid stem bulb rotten disease, while not can increase
Tuber of pinellia harvest efficiency.
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of light simplified cultivation sides that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests
Method, below with reference to concrete scheme, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1.The light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests, comprising:
S101, the tuber of pinellia plantation before, the argy wormwood stalk or corn stover that dry closely are tiled onto compartment face, argy wormwood stalk or
Corn stover length 120-150cm uniformly sprays 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, sunning one on argy wormwood stalk or corn stover
After it, it is covered in argy wormwood stalk or corn stover after being mixed according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio, thickness 6-
15cm, then watering is drenched.
S102 when the tuber of pinellia harvests, lifts argy wormwood stalk or corn stover, harvests tuber of pinellia stem tuber.
The invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below.
Test is carried out in Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine's tuber of pinellia Experimental Base, and investigation related data is also corresponding
Expansion.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2, the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests includes:
S201: site preparation.It selects soil layer deep, is rich in organic matter, water penetration is strong, does not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past.
Compartment, compartment face about 120cm, compartment furrow width about 40cm, ditch depth about 30cm are opened in arable land before sowing.Behind whole good ground, one is opened every about 30m
Ditch guarantees that irrigation canals and ditches communicate, and irrigation and drainage are smooth.
S202: argy wormwood stalk shop fixtures.During opening compartment, the argy wormwood stalk dried is closely tiled onto compartment face, straw
Stalk length 120cm or so uniformly sprays 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate, after sunning one day again, according to well-rotted farmyard manure on stalk
It is covered on argy wormwood stalk with after the mixing of sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio, thickness about 6cm, then watering is drenched.
S203: bulb selection.Selection surface no disease and pests harm, the bulb without any wound, diameter 1-1.5cm make provenance.
S204: bulb processing.Bulb is put in 1000 times of+25% pyraclostrobin of 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid
It impregnates 20 minutes, dries rear spare in liquid.
S205: bulb plantation.Furrow sowing is carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm, guarantees bulb depth about 4cm.
S206: it carries out field liquid manure and manages and protects.
S207: harvesting: late September starts to harvest.8-10 plants of argy wormwood stalks are once gently lifted when harvesting, are shaked gently, it will
Topsoil is shaken off between argy wormwood stalk, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvests respectively.
After harvest, meet processing request, clean after dry, for medicinal material use, other it is lesser can be used as provenance, put
It is placed in ventilative canvas bag, dry shady and cool preservation.
Embodiment 2
The light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests includes:
1, site preparation.
It selects soil layer deep, is rich in organic matter, water penetration is strong, does not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past.Arable land before sowing
Open compartment, compartment face about 120cm, compartment furrow width about 40cm, ditch depth about 30cm.Behind whole good ground, a bar ditch are opened every about 30m, guarantee irrigation canals and ditches
It communicates, irrigation and drainage are smooth.
2, argy wormwood stalk shop fixtures.
During opening compartment, the argy wormwood stalk dried is closely tiled onto compartment face, stalk length 120cm or so,
0.1% liquor potassic permanganate is uniformly sprayed on stalk, after sunning one day again, according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio
It is covered on argy wormwood stalk after example mixing, thickness about 10cm, then watering is drenched.
3, bulb selects.
Selection surface no disease and pests harm, the bulb without any wound, diameter 1-1.5cm make provenance.
4, bulb is handled.
Bulb is put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid, 1000 times of liquid of+25% pyraclostrobin and impregnates 20 points
Clock dries rear spare.
5, bulb is planted.
Furrow sowing is carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm, guarantees bulb depth about 4cm.
6, field is managed and protected.
Liquid manure is conventionally carried out to manage and protect.
7, harvest: late September starts to harvest.8-10 plants of argy wormwood stalks are once gently lifted when harvesting, are shaked gently, by upper layer
Soil is shaken off between argy wormwood stalk, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvests respectively.
After receiving, meet processing request, clean after dry, for medicinal material use, other it is lesser can be used as provenance, put
It is placed in ventilative canvas bag, dry shady and cool preservation.
Embodiment 3
The light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests includes:
1, site preparation.
It selects soil layer deep, is rich in organic matter, water penetration is strong, does not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past.Arable land before sowing
Open compartment, compartment face about 120cm, compartment furrow width about 40cm, ditch depth about 30cm.Behind whole good ground, a bar ditch are opened every about 30m, guarantee irrigation canals and ditches
It communicates, irrigation and drainage are smooth.
2, argy wormwood stalk shop fixtures.
During opening compartment, the argy wormwood stalk dried is closely tiled onto compartment face, stalk length 120cm or so,
0.1% liquor potassic permanganate is uniformly sprayed on stalk, after sunning one day again, according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio
It is covered on argy wormwood stalk after example mixing, thickness about 15cm, then watering is drenched.
3, bulb selects.
Selection surface no disease and pests harm, the bulb without any wound, diameter 1-1.5cm make provenance.
4, bulb is handled.
Bulb is put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid, 1000 times of liquid of+25% pyraclostrobin and impregnates 20 points
Clock dries rear spare.
5, bulb is planted.
Furrow sowing is carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm, guarantees bulb depth about 4cm.
6, field is managed and protected.
Liquid manure is conventionally carried out to manage and protect.
7, harvest: late September starts to harvest.8-10 plants of argy wormwood stalks are once gently lifted when harvesting, are shaked gently, by upper layer
Soil is shaken off between argy wormwood stalk, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvests respectively.
After receiving, meet processing request, clean after dry, for medicinal material use, other it is lesser can be used as provenance, put
It is placed in ventilative canvas bag, dry shady and cool preservation.
Embodiment 4
The light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests includes:
1: site preparation.It selects soil layer deep, is rich in organic matter, water penetration is strong, does not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past.Sowing
Open compartment, compartment face about 120cm, compartment furrow width about 40cm, ditch depth about 30cm in preceding arable land.Behind whole good ground, a bar ditch are opened every about 30m, are protected
Card irrigation canals and ditches communicate, and irrigation and drainage are smooth.
2: corn stover shop fixtures.During opening compartment, the corn stover dried closely is tiled onto compartment face, stalk is long
120cm or so is spent, 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate is uniformly sprayed on stalk, after sunning one day again, according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sand
It is covered in corn stover after the mixing of matter soil weight 1:2 ratio, thickness about 6cm, then watering is drenched.
3: bulb selection.Selection surface no disease and pests harm, the bulb without any wound, diameter 1-1.5cm make provenance.
4: bulb processing.Bulb is put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid, 1000 times of liquid of+25% pyraclostrobin
It is middle to impregnate 20 minutes, it dries rear spare.
5: bulb plantation.Furrow sowing is carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm, guarantees bulb depth about 4cm.
6: carrying out field liquid manure and manage and protect.
7: harvesting: late September starts to harvest.8-10 plants of corn stovers are once gently lifted when harvesting, are shaked gently, it will be upper
Layer soil is shaken off between corn stover, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvests respectively.
After receiving, meet processing request, clean after dry, for medicinal material use, other it is lesser can be used as provenance, put
It is placed in ventilative canvas bag, dry shady and cool preservation.
Embodiment 5
The light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests includes:
1, site preparation.
It selects soil layer deep, is rich in organic matter, water penetration is strong, does not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past.Arable land before sowing
Open compartment, compartment face about 120cm, compartment furrow width about 40cm, ditch depth about 30cm.Behind whole good ground, a bar ditch are opened every about 30m, guarantee irrigation canals and ditches
It communicates, irrigation and drainage are smooth.
2, corn stover stalk shop fixtures.
During opening compartment, the corn stover dried closely is tiled onto compartment face, stalk length 120cm or so,
0.1% liquor potassic permanganate is uniformly sprayed on stalk, after sunning one day again, according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio
It is covered in corn stover after example mixing, thickness about 10cm, then watering is drenched.
3, bulb selects.
Selection surface no disease and pests harm, the bulb without any wound, diameter 1-1.5cm make provenance.
4, bulb is handled.
Bulb is put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid, 1000 times of liquid of+25% pyraclostrobin and impregnates 20 points
Clock dries rear spare.
5, bulb is planted.
Furrow sowing is carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm, guarantees bulb depth about 4cm.
6, field is managed and protected.
Liquid manure is conventionally carried out to manage and protect.
7, harvest: late September starts to harvest.8-10 plants of corn stovers are once gently lifted when harvesting, are shaked gently, it will be upper
Layer soil is shaken off between corn stover, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvests respectively.
After receiving, meet processing request, clean after dry, for medicinal material use, other it is lesser can be used as provenance, put
It is placed in ventilative canvas bag, dry shady and cool preservation.
Embodiment 6
The light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant provided in an embodiment of the present invention easily harvests includes:
1, site preparation.
It selects soil layer deep, is rich in organic matter, water penetration is strong, does not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past.Arable land before sowing
Open compartment, compartment face about 120cm, compartment furrow width about 40cm, ditch depth about 30cm.Behind whole good ground, a bar ditch are opened every about 30m, guarantee irrigation canals and ditches
It communicates, irrigation and drainage are smooth.
2, corn stover shop fixtures.
During opening compartment, the corn stover dried closely is tiled onto compartment face, stalk length 120cm or so,
0.1% liquor potassic permanganate is uniformly sprayed on stalk, after sunning one day again, according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio
It is covered in corn stover after example mixing, thickness about 15cm, then watering is drenched.
3, bulb selects.
Selection surface no disease and pests harm, the bulb without any wound, diameter 1-1.5cm make provenance.
4, bulb is handled.
Bulb is put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid, 1000 times of liquid of+25% pyraclostrobin and impregnates 20 points
Clock dries rear spare.
5, bulb is planted.
Furrow sowing is carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm, guarantees bulb depth about 4cm.
6, field is managed and protected.
Liquid manure is conventionally carried out to manage and protect.
7, harvest: late September starts to harvest.8-10 plants of corn stovers are once gently lifted when harvesting, are shaked gently, it will be upper
Layer soil is shaken off between corn stover, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvests respectively.
After receiving, meet processing request, clean after dry, for medicinal material use, other it is lesser can be used as provenance, put
It is placed in ventilative canvas bag, dry shady and cool preservation.
Embodiment 7 (general planting comparative examples)
In the prior art, a kind of tuber of pinellia cultural method includes:
1, site preparation.
It selects soil layer deep, is rich in organic matter, water penetration is strong, does not plant the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia in the past.Arable land before sowing
Open compartment, compartment face about 120cm, compartment furrow width about 40cm, ditch depth about 30cm.Behind whole good ground, a bar ditch are opened every about 30m, guarantee irrigation canals and ditches
It communicates, irrigation and drainage are smooth.
2, base fertilizer is applied.
Uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields 2000 jin of well-rotted farmyard manure in full field.
3, bulb selects.
Selection surface no disease and pests harm, the bulb without any wound, diameter 1-1.5cm make provenance.
4, bulb is handled.
Bulb is put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of liquid, 1000 times of liquid of+25% pyraclostrobin and impregnates 20 points
Clock dries rear spare.
5, bulb is planted.
Furrow sowing is carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm, guarantees bulb depth about 4cm.
6, field is managed and protected.Liquid manure is conventionally carried out to manage and protect.
7, it harvests.Late September selects fine day, is harvested, can stem tuber and soil is first simultaneously if soil moisture is excessive
Plane pine once, allows it to evaporate soil moisture faster, soil is made to dry out as early as possible, and comminution is presented, in order to receive plane.Plane is received
When, it is fished from one direct motion of furrow with pawl or iron pick turns over whole band leaf of the tuber of pinellia on one side, carefully sort out stem tuber.Plant after sprout tumble
The bulbil for falling on the ground is sorted out before should digging receipts.Plane receive after in the dead leaf left and residual branch should detect burn-up, to mitigate disease pest
Harmful generation.
Below with reference to above-mentioned 1-4 embodiment and data statistics, the invention will be further described.
Influence of the 1 four kinds of embodiments of table to tuber of pinellia biological character
| Embodiment number | Average single plant rhizome weight (g) | Average single plant rhizome is high (cm) | Total alkaloid content (%) |
| 1 | 5.73 | 25.50 | 0.0985 |
| 2 | 5.74 | 25.21 | 0.0992 |
| 3 | 5.35 | 25.17 | 0.0935 |
| 4 | 5.71 | 25.41 | 0.0991 |
| 5 | 5.70 | 25.11 | 0.0990 |
| 6 | 5.72 | 25.03 | 0.947 |
| 7 | 5.17 | 25.22 | 0.0907 |
Influence of the 2 four kinds of embodiments of table to tuber of pinellia main diseases and insect pests
Influence of the 3 four kinds of embodiments of table to tuber of pinellia collecting time
Below with reference to specific experiment, the invention will be further described.
As shown in figure 3, using embodiment of the present invention method 1 and conventional method in field experiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Comparison diagram between embodiment 4.
In figure, (a) the method for the present invention；(b) conventional method.
It is planted as shown in figure 4, implementing light simplify that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests in field experiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Light simplified cultivation framework (being laid with argy wormwood stalk) plane of arrangement figure that the tuber of pinellia disease-resistant of culture method easily harvests.
It is planted as shown in figure 5, implementing light simplify that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests in field experiment provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Light simplified cultivation framework (being laid with corn stover) plane of arrangement figure that the tuber of pinellia disease-resistant of culture method easily harvests.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvests, which is characterized in that the tuber of pinellia disease-resistant easily harvested
Gently simplified cultivation method includes:
Before tuber of pinellia plantation, the argy wormwood stalk or corn stover that dry closely are tiled onto compartment face, argy wormwood stalk or corn stover
Length 120-150cm uniformly sprays 0.1% liquor potassic permanganate on argy wormwood stalk or corn stover, after sunning one day, according to
It is covered in argy wormwood stalk or corn stover after well-rotted farmyard manure and the mixing of sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio, thickness 6-15cm, then
Watering is drenched；
When the tuber of pinellia harvests, argy wormwood stalk or corn stover are lifted, harvests tuber of pinellia stem tuber.
2. the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant as described in claim 1 easily harvests, which is characterized in that the Chinese mugwort that will be dried
Wormwood artemisia stalk closely tiles to needing on the face of compartment to carry out site preparation: selection soil layer is deep, be rich in organic matter, and water penetration is strong, in the past not
Planted the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia；Compartment, compartment face 120cm, compartment furrow width 40cm, ditch depth 30cm are opened in arable land before sowing；Behind whole good ground, every
30m opens a bar ditch, communicates irrigation canals and ditches, and irrigation and drainage are smooth.
3. the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant as described in claim 1 easily harvests, which is characterized in that wherein, argy wormwood
Stalk length is 120cm；
With a thickness of 10cm in being covered on argy wormwood stalk after being mixed according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio.
4. the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant as described in claim 1 easily harvests, which is characterized in that shop fixtures argy wormwood straw
After stalk watering is drenched, also need to carry out bulb selection: selection surface no disease and pests harm, the bulb without any wound, diameter 1-1.5cm are made
Provenance；
After bulb selection, carries out bulb processing: bulb is put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of+25% pyraclostrobins of liquid
It impregnates 20 minutes, dries rear spare in 1000 times of liquid；
After bulb processing, bulb plantation is carried out:
Furrow sowing, bulb depth 4cm are carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm；
Field water fertilizer is carried out after bulb plantation to manage and protect.
5. the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant as described in claim 1 easily harvests, which is characterized in that tuber of pinellia harvesting
Method specifically includes: late September starts to harvest；8-10 plants of argy wormwood stalks are once lifted when harvesting, by topsoil between argy wormwood stalk
Shake off, then sorts tuber of pinellia bulb, harvest respectively.
6. the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant as described in claim 1 easily harvests, which is characterized in that tuber of pinellia harvesting
Afterwards, it dries after cleaning, for medicinal material or as provenance, and is placed in ventilative canvas bag, dry shady and cool preservation.
7. the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant as described in claim 1 easily harvests, which is characterized in that the jade that will be dried
Rice stalk closely tiles to needing on the face of compartment to carry out site preparation: selection soil layer is deep, be rich in organic matter, and water penetration is strong, in the past not
Planted the sandy soil of the tuber of pinellia；Compartment, compartment face 120cm, compartment furrow width 40cm, ditch depth 30cm are opened in arable land before sowing；Behind whole good ground, every
30m opens a bar ditch, communicates irrigation canals and ditches, and irrigation and drainage are smooth.
8. the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant as described in claim 1 easily harvests, which is characterized in that
Corn stover length is 120cm；
With a thickness of 10cm in being covered in corn stover after being mixed according to well-rotted farmyard manure and sandy soil weight 1:2 ratio；
It after the watering of shop fixtures corn stover is drenched, also needs to carry out bulb selection: selecting surface no disease and pests harm, without any wound, diameter
The bulb of 1-1.5cm makees provenance；
After bulb selection, carries out bulb processing: bulb is put in 50% chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, 1000 times of+25% pyraclostrobins of liquid
It impregnates 20 minutes, dries rear spare in 1000 times of liquid；
After bulb processing, bulb plantation is carried out:
Furrow sowing, bulb depth 4cm are carried out according to spacing in the rows 2cm, line-spacing 20cm；
Field water fertilizer is carried out after bulb plantation to manage and protect.
9. the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant as described in claim 1 easily harvests, which is characterized in that tuber of pinellia harvesting
Method further comprises: late September starts to harvest；8-10 plants of corn stovers are once lifted when harvesting, by topsoil from argy wormwood stalk
Between shake off, then sort tuber of pinellia bulb, harvest respectively；
It after tuber of pinellia harvesting, dries after cleaning, for medicinal material or as provenance, and is placed in ventilative canvas bag, it is dry shady and cool
It saves.
10. a kind of tuber of pinellia disease-resistant for implementing the light simplified cultivation method that tuber of pinellia disease-resistant described in claim 1 easily harvests easily is adopted
The light simplified cultivation framework received.
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Application publication date: 20190913 Assignee: ENSHI SOURCE TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Assignor: INSTITUTE OF CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES, HUBEI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2023420000024 Denomination of invention: A light and simple cultivation method for preventing diseases and pests of Pinellia ternata Granted publication date: 20220222 License type: Common License Record date: 20230220 |