CN110184833B - 一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺 - Google Patents
一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:S1:丝光处理:将棉麻和涤纶混纺布加入甲醇钠、碳酸钠和氨基醇型表面活性剂组成的混合液中进行张力丝光处理,再用0.1%盐酸溶液漂洗中和,并清水冲洗1次;S2:一浴一步染色:将混纺布烘干后,浸轧于活性悬浮体染液中,控制浴比为1:(8‑10)进行保温染色,再降温至80‑85℃进行还原清洗;S3:冻融固色:将混纺布反复冻融2‑3次,再于180℃饱和蒸汽进行快速汽蒸90s,皂洗、烘干。本发明工艺印染的混纺面料上色均匀、上染率高、色牢度高,通过丝光处理改变纤维微观结构,提高介质扩散系数,通过反复冻融处理进行固色,并通过蒸汽处理使染料分子透入纤维素晶格和孔隙中,进一步提高色牢度。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织品染色技术领域,具体涉及一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺。
背景技术
棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布料是由棉麻天然纤维和涤纶合成纤维混纺组成的,形成优势互补,具有棉麻的外观和手感,减弱了涤纶布的化纤光泽和化纤手感,又赋予布料较高的强度,比棉麻更结实耐用。但不同于涤纶单一纤维材料布料对染料的高亲和力,棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布料难以均匀上色,且色牢度不高,关于如何提高棉麻纤维与其他纤维混纺面料的上色率和色牢度一直是本技术领域的研究热点。如申请号为CN201310309833.1的专利,公开一种棉、麻、毛纤维混纺交织面料的染色方法,通过对棉、麻、羊毛混纺面料进行前处理、同色染色解决混纺面料羊毛染色深、染色牢度低等问题。
本发明针对棉麻纤维与其他纤维混纺面料在染色方面的现存问题,首次提出一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,该工艺通过丝光处理、一浴一步染色、冻融固色、热饱和蒸汽处理印染出上色均匀、上色率高、色牢度高的混纺布料。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足之处,本发明的目的在于提供一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺。
本发明的技术方案概述如下:
一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:丝光处理:将棉麻和涤纶混纺布加入甲醇钠、碳酸钠和氨基醇型表面活性剂组成的混合液中进行张力丝光处理,施加压力为60-100N,浸渍温度为50-55℃,浸渍时间为250-300s,再用0.1%盐酸溶液漂洗中和,并清水冲洗1次;
其中,甲醇钠的含量为80-120g/L,碳酸钠的含量为35-40g/L,氨基醇型表面活性剂的含量为10-20g/L;
S2:一浴一步染色:将S1处理后棉麻和涤纶混纺布烘干后,浸轧于活性悬浮体染液中,控制浴比为1:(8-10),以1.5℃/min速率升温至45-55℃,保温染色20min,再以2℃/min速率升温至120-130℃,并保温染色40-60min,再以-3℃/min速率降温至80-85℃,加入20-25g/L草酸钠、10-20g/L保险粉和15-20g/L氢氧化钠,进行还原清洗30min,排液;
所述活性悬浮体染液包括以下配比组分:双一氯均三嗪型染料1-3owf%、偶氮型分散染料0.5-1.5owf%、Na2CO310-20g/L、元明粉5-10g/L、扩散剂NNO 1.5-2.5g/L、渗透剂JFC-E 1-2g/L、刺槐豆胶0.5-1g/L;
S3:冻融固色:将S2染色后棉麻和涤纶混纺布以-15℃/min迅速速率降温至-25℃,冷冻18-24h,再于室温下自然解冻融化,反复冻融2-3次,最后一次解冻后,于180℃饱和蒸汽进行快速汽蒸90s,皂洗、烘干后,即得染色后成品。
优选的是,所述双一氯均三嗪型染料包括活性红KE-3B、活性红KD-8B、活性红HE-7B、活性墨绿KE-4BD的一种或多种。
优选的是,所述偶氮型分散染料包括大红S-3GFL、红玉S-2GFL、蓝SE-2R、深蓝HGL中的一种或多种。
附图说明
图1为本发明棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺流程图。本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明以甲醇钠和碳酸钠对混纺面料进行丝光处理,相比于传统烧碱,有机强碱和无机弱碱的组合能更高效地促进纤维素分子发生溶胀作用,快速拆散大分子链间的氢键,改变纤维微观结构,提高介质扩散系数,从而大幅改善上染率和色牢度等。
(2)本发明采用一浴一步染色法,相比于一浴两步法和两浴法,操作更简单,加工效率高,更生态,适合大规模工业化生产;同时,活性悬浮体染液中的双一氯均三嗪型染料和偶氮型分散染料具有同色叠加效应,进一步提高上染率和色牢度,刺槐豆胶作为稳定剂,使染色后面料具有良好的重现性;最后,通过反复冻融处理进行固色,并通过蒸汽处理使染料分子透入纤维素晶格和孔隙中,进一步提高色牢度。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
实施例1
一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:丝光处理:将棉麻和涤纶混纺布加入甲醇钠、碳酸钠和氨基醇型表面活性剂组成的混合液中进行张力丝光处理,其中,甲醇钠的含量为80g/L,碳酸钠的含量为35g/L,氨基醇型表面活性剂的含量为10g/L,施加压力为60N,浸渍温度为50℃,浸渍时间为250s,再用0.1%盐酸溶液漂洗中和,并清水冲洗1次;
S2:一浴一步染色:将S1处理后棉麻和涤纶混纺布烘干后,浸轧于活性悬浮体染液中,控制浴比为1:8,以1.5℃/min速率升温至45℃,保温染色20min,再以2℃/min速率升温至120℃,并保温染色40min,再以-3℃/min速率降温至85℃,加入20g/L草酸钠、10-20g/L保险粉和15g/L氢氧化钠,进行还原清洗30min,排液;
所述活性悬浮体染液包括以下配比组分:活性红KE-3B 1owf%、大红S-3GFL0.5owf%、Na2CO310g/L、元明粉5g/L、扩散剂NNO 1.5g/L、渗透剂JFC-E 1g/L、刺槐豆胶0.5g/L;
S3:冻融固色:将S2染色后棉麻和涤纶混纺布以-15℃/min迅速速率降温至-25℃,冷冻18h,再于室温下自然解冻融化,反复冻融2-3次,最后一次解冻后,于180℃饱和蒸汽进行快速汽蒸90s,皂洗、烘干后,即得染色后成品。
实施例2
一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:丝光处理:将棉麻和涤纶混纺布加入甲醇钠、碳酸钠和氨基醇型表面活性剂组成的混合液中进行张力丝光处理,其中,其中,甲醇钠的含量为100g/L,碳酸钠的含量为38g/L,氨基醇型表面活性剂的含量为15g/L,施加压力为80N,浸渍温度为55℃,浸渍时间为280s,再用0.1%盐酸溶液漂洗中和,并清水冲洗1次;
S2:一浴一步染色:将S1处理后棉麻和涤纶混纺布烘干后,浸轧于活性悬浮体染液中,控制浴比为1:9,以1.5℃/min速率升温至55℃,保温染色20min,再以2℃/min速率升温至125℃,并保温染色50min,再以-3℃/min速率降温至80℃,加入22g/L草酸钠、15g/L保险粉和18g/L氢氧化钠,进行还原清洗30min,排液;
所述活性悬浮体染液包括以下配比组分:活性红KD-8B 2owf%、红玉S-2GFL1owf%、Na2CO315g/L、元明粉7.5g/L、扩散剂NNO 2g/L、渗透剂JFC-E 1.5g/L、刺槐豆胶0.75g/L;
S3:冻融固色:将S2染色后棉麻和涤纶混纺布以-15℃/min迅速速率降温至-25℃,冷冻20h,再于室温下自然解冻融化,反复冻融3次,最后一次解冻后,于180℃饱和蒸汽进行快速汽蒸90s,皂洗、烘干后,即得染色后成品。
实施例3
一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:丝光处理:将棉麻和涤纶混纺布加入甲醇钠、碳酸钠和氨基醇型表面活性剂组成的混合液中进行张力丝光处理,其中,其中,甲醇钠的含量为120g/L,碳酸钠的含量为40g/L,氨基醇型表面活性剂的含量为20g/L,施加压力为100N,浸渍温度为55℃,浸渍时间为300s,再用0.1%盐酸溶液漂洗中和,并清水冲洗1次;
S2:一浴一步染色:将S1处理后棉麻和涤纶混纺布烘干后,浸轧于活性悬浮体染液中,控制浴比为1:10,以1.5℃/min速率升温至55℃,保温染色20min,再以2℃/min速率升温至130℃,并保温染色60min,再以-3℃/min速率降温至85℃,加入25g/L草酸钠、20g/L保险粉和20g/L氢氧化钠,进行还原清洗30min,排液;
所述活性悬浮体染液包括以下配比组分:活性墨绿KE-4BD 3owf%、深蓝HGL1.5owf%、Na2CO320g/L、元明粉10g/L、扩散剂NNO 2.5g/L、渗透剂JFC-E 2g/L、刺槐豆胶1g/L;
S3:冻融固色:将S2染色后棉麻和涤纶混纺布以-15℃/min迅速速率降温至-25℃,冷冻24h,再于室温下自然解冻融化,反复冻融2-3次,最后一次解冻后,于180℃饱和蒸汽进行快速汽蒸90s,皂洗、烘干后,即得染色后成品。
对比例1
染色工艺与实施例1相同,区别在于:未经过S1的丝光处理。
对比例2
染色工艺与实施例1相同,区别在于:未经过S3的冻融固色处理。
对比例3
染色工艺与实施例1相同,区别在于:未经过S1的丝光处理和S3的冻融固色处理。
对实施例1-3及对比例1-3印染的棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布进行色牢度测试,测试结果如表1所示:
表1:
由表1可知,本发明工艺明显改善了棉麻和涤纶混纺面料的色牢度,上色更均匀。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节。
Claims (3)
1.一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:丝光处理:将棉麻和涤纶混纺布加入甲醇钠、碳酸钠和氨基醇型表面活性剂组成的混合液中进行张力丝光处理,施加压力为60-100N,浸渍温度为50-55℃,浸渍时间为250-300s,再用0.1%盐酸溶液漂洗中和,并清水冲洗1次;
其中,甲醇钠的含量为80-120g/L,碳酸钠的含量为35-40g/L,氨基醇型表面活性剂的含量为10-20g/L;
S2:一浴一步染色:将S1处理后棉麻和涤纶混纺布烘干后,浸轧于活性悬浮体染液中,控制浴比为1:(8-10),以1.5℃/min速率升温至45-55℃,保温染色20min,再以2℃/min速率升温至120-130℃,并保温染色40-60min,再以-3℃/min速率降温至80-85℃,加入20-25g/L草酸钠、10-20g/L保险粉和15-20g/L氢氧化钠,进行还原清洗30min,排液;
所述活性悬浮体染液包括以下配比组分:双一氯均三嗪型染料1-3owf%、偶氮型分散染料0.5-1.5owf%、Na2CO310-20g/L、元明粉5-10g/L、扩散剂NNO 1.5-2.5g/L、渗透剂JFC-E1-2g/L、刺槐豆胶0.5-1g/L;
S3:冻融固色:将S2染色后棉麻和涤纶混纺布以-15℃/min迅速速率降温至-25℃,冷冻18-24h,再于室温下自然解冻融化,反复冻融2-3次,最后一次解冻后,于180℃饱和蒸汽进行快速汽蒸90s,皂洗、烘干后,即得染色后成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,其特征在于,所述双一氯均三嗪型染料包括活性红KE-3B、活性红KD-8B、活性红HE-7B、活性墨绿KE-4BD的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种棉麻纤维和涤纶纤维混纺布的染色工艺,其特征在于,所述偶氮型分散染料包括大红S-3GFL、红玉S-2GFL、蓝SE-2R、深蓝HGL中的一种或多种。
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