CN110122251A - A kind of cotton cultivation method suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type - Google Patents
A kind of cotton cultivation method suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type Download PDFInfo
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- CN110122251A CN110122251A CN201910588709.0A CN201910588709A CN110122251A CN 110122251 A CN110122251 A CN 110122251A CN 201910588709 A CN201910588709 A CN 201910588709A CN 110122251 A CN110122251 A CN 110122251A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/50—Cotton
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, provide a kind of cotton cultivation method suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising: are sowed in 25~May 5 April, thickness of sowing is 5500~6500 plants/acre；Topping on 5~July 10 July.This method cultivation can make do not have Fu Qiantao in cotton plants growth course, and rotten bell substantially reduces, blow-of-cottons Relatively centralized, and fiber quality improves, and be conducive to mechanization and disposably harvest.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, in particular to a kind of suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type
Cotton cultivation method.
Background technique
Currently, the technical essential of the widely applied high cotton yield cultivation technique in coastal saline-alkali Dryland cotton field specifically includes that
When 5cm ground temperature is stable under upper soll layer reaches 15.5 DEG C by 14 DEG C or 20cm ground temperature, for suitable sowing
Date, general cotton field sowing time are on April -25 on the 15th.4500 plants/acre or so of generally conventional cotton variety density, hybridize minuteness
3500 plants/acre or so of degree.Usually will be until fruit branch number of units 13~14 toppings, the time was -20 days on the 15th July.Largely, it repeatedly applies
With quick-acting chemical fertilizer, base manure is used sufficient, heavy dressing Hua Lingfei imposes caping fertilizer, provides sufficient nutrient for cotton entire breeding time.
Cotton carries out chemical regulation after buddingging, depending on growing way.Generally in late June, upper, middle and lower ten days in July, mepiquat chloride 0.5 is sprayed per acre respectively
~1g, 1~1.5g, 2~3g.While scientific control, prune in time.After the 1st fruit branch is born, fruit branch or less is removed in time
Leaf branch, remove the superfluous bud on stem in time, and remove the side heart of middle and lower part fruit branch.
And existing cultivation technique has the disadvantage in that
Field cotton plants are tall and big, and leaf area index is high, closing in the ranks, and rotten bell is more.Late autumn peach ratio is big, cotton boll blowing
Time is difficult to concentrate, and is unfavorable for realizing that mechanization disposably harvests, it is also difficult to guarantee the consistency of cotton fiber quality.Cotton
Biological characteristics are less consistent with regulation of fertilizer requirement fertilising, and dosage is big, waste more；Using increase fertilizer application frequency as raising fertilizer utilization
The main approach of rate, recruitment is more, increases cost.Traditional chemical regulation can only play the role of regulating and controlling plant height, plant type, for cotton
The superfluous bud of Later growth does not have significant inhibitory effect.
In consideration of it, special propose the application.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of cotton cultivation methods suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, it is intended to improve the Yellow River
At least one problem existing for the cotton culture of basin cotton region.
The present invention is implemented as follows:
A kind of cotton cultivation method suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It is sowed in 25~May 5 April, thickness of sowing is 5500~6500 plants/acre；
Topping on 5~July 10 July.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention obtain by above-mentioned design be suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type
Cotton cultivation method delay suitable number of days due to increasing in thickness of sowing to OK range and sowed, so that cotton
There is no Fu Qiantao during plant strain growth, rotten bell substantially reduces, and establishes the small individual cotton field structure of big group, single plant by
" high, big, thick " becomes " short, thin, soft ", and not only fiber quality height is also mechanized harvesting requirement.On this basis, it carries out in advance
Topping is so that without flower after frost after topping, blow-of-cottons Relatively centralized not only improves fiber quality and is also conducive to mechanization and once harvests.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to use required in embodiment in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of embodiment of the present invention
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not to be seen as
It is the restriction to range, it for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with root
Other relevant attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of seeding method of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
A kind of cotton cultivation method tool suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type is provided to the embodiment of the present invention below
Body explanation.
A kind of cotton cultivation method suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
S1, it is sowed in 25~May 5 April, thickness of sowing is 5500~6500 plants/acre.
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil before planting to cotton field, base fertilizer is ecological organic fertilier.The cotton field of low fertility, applies ecological organic fertilier per acre
50~75kg of ecological organic fertilier is applied in 75~100kg, the cotton field of medium fertility per acre.Low fertility refers to alkaline hydrolysis in topsoil soils
30~60mg/kg of nitrogen content, 3~5mg/kg of available phosphorus content, 30~50mg/kg of quick-acting potassium content, the content of organic matter 0.6~
1.0%；Medium fertility refers to 60~90mg/kg of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content in topsoil soils, 5~10mg/kg of available phosphorus content, available potassium
50~100mg/kg of content, the content of organic matter 1.0~2.0%.Used ecological organic fertilier is commercially available title are as follows: organic-inorganic
Complex fertilizer (cotton is dedicated), Contents of Main Components are as follows: the content of organic matter >=20%, nitrogen (N): phosphorus (P2O5): potassium (K2O)=8:
5:7, total amount >=20%, Medium-microelements >=8%.
Sowed in 25~May 5 April, preferably on May 1 to 5 sow, thickness of sowing be 5500~6500 plants/
Mu.Specific seeding method are as follows: small one wide row space of a line-spacing alternating, i.e. any a line positioned at middle part with positioned at the adjacent of one side
For every trade away from for wide row space, being small line-spacing with the adjacent rows line-spacing for being located at the other side, wide row space is 60~65cm, small line-spacing is 10~
15cm, every row hill spacing are 38~42cm, and line-spacing is to sow by the way of the adjacent rows of small line-spacing are sowed using dislocation, referring to Fig. 1,
" x " indicates that plant sows position in Fig. 1.
It is also known that the yield common practice that improve crops is to improve planting density, but thickness of sowing is too
Conference impacts the growth of crop.And cotton planting density will cause greatly very much the rotten higher problem of bell rate under normal conditions,
The cultural method of cotton provided by the invention, reasonable delay sowing time, optimum period in the case where properly increasing planting density
Evening is broadcast, and the high growth rate of cotton plant of ground temperature is fast, and fruit branch section is higher, reduces Fu Qiantao, so that cotton boll is by equal on original whole strain fruit branch
Even life is adjusted to mainly to grow on the middle and upper part fruit branch of plant, it ensure that cotton boll can receive abundance far from ground
Illumination, avoid germ from infecting and rotten bell occur.
Sowing time delays 15~20 days relative to traditional seeding method, thickness of sowing by original 3000~4000 plants/
Mu is increased to 5500~6500 plants/acre, per acre at 6.5 ten thousand, bell or more.Therefore, not only ground temperature height is conducive to entirely for the delay of date of seeding
Robust seedling seedling is mainly also adjustable cotton growing process, and without Fu Qiantao, rotten bell is substantially reduced, and increases thickness of sowing to conjunction
In suitable range, postponing date of seeding, establishes the small individual cotton field structure of big group, single plant becomes " short, thin, soft " from " high, big, thick ",
Not only fiber quality height also complies with mechanized harvesting requirement.
S2, topping on 5~July of July 10.
It pinches during after planting 5~July 10 July, fruit branch number of units this period is 8~10.Plant height exists
90cm or so.Topping Time changes into 8~10 toppings from 13~14 original toppings in advance, from original 120cm or so
Plant height 90cm topping is changed into plant height topping.The Topping Time of the application is mentioned relative to existing Topping Time July 15 days~20
10 days or so first, without flower after frost after topping, blow-of-cottons Relatively centralized not only improves fiber quality and is also conducive to mechanization and once adopts
It receives.
It is sprayed preferably during 15-July 20 June in the squaring period-full-bloom stage of entire cotton plants growth period
Ecological organic foliar fertilizer.Specifically, spraying mode is the ecological organic foliar fertilizer that 200 times of liquid were sprayed every 7 days, guarantees spray
Thoroughly.In this application, the commercially available name of ecological organic foliar fertilizer are as follows: female source 588, main component: probiotics, amino acid, Huang
Rotten acid, ribonic acid etc., microelement, specific formula content producer secrecy.
If squaring period-full-bloom stage needs to control worm this period, organic foliar fertilizer 4~5 times are sprayed in conjunction with worm is controlled, Bao Yezeng
Bell.
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil before sowing, after planting squaring period to full-bloom stage applies foliar fertilizer this period, has accomplished root leaf with benefit.It reduces
Amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer 20%~30%；Ecological organic formula fertilizer and foliar fertilizer rich in probiotics, amino acid, fulvic acid, ribonic acid and
A variety of middle microelements, cotton not only need a great number of elements such as N P and K during the growth process, it is also necessary to absorb micro in a variety of
Element can not lack though dosage is few, these microelements participate in cotton Chlorophyll synthesis, promote photosynthesis, in and it is new
The sides such as organic acid formed in old metabolic process, composition, structure and the regulatory function for adjusting intracorporal pH value and a variety of enzymes
Indispensable role is played in face.After application, well developed root system can be promoted rapidly, increase vane thickness and chlorophyll content, improved
Photosynthetic rate extends the photosynthetic function phase, and probiotics is detained blade regulation nutrient growth and reproductive growth, improves boll per plant
Number；It prevents nutrient growth excessively prosperous simultaneously, reduces invalid increment, ensure that cotton plant is surely grown.Test result shows to apply ecological organic
Chlorophyll content 0.9%~1.8% can be improved in fertilizer+spray foliar fertilizer, 1~2 fruit of fruit branch section carries 4.3%~18.0% and of bell amount
Single-strain bell-forming number 1.2%~5.7%.Ecological organic fertilier is increased simultaneously, and soil fertility, which is continuously improved, is conducive to lasting volume increase, reductionization
Fertile dosage, ecological environment constantly improve.
During cotton growth, Suckering agents are sprayed to plant and inhibit cotton lateral bud, are sprayed again if raining in 6 hours after spraying
It applies.
Spray the concrete mode of Suckering agents are as follows: cotton growth to late growth stage sprays Chinese mugwort to it fluorine enlightening 2 times, in cotton plants
It carries out spraying for the first time when growing to 75~85cm, be sprayed for the second time in early August, it is preferable that spray application for the first time
Concentration is 2~2.5ml/kg, i.e., every 2~2.5ml Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening is watered 1kg, and spraying application concentration for the second time is 3.3~3.7ml/
Kg, i.e., every 3.3~3.7ml Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening are watered 1kg, sprout inhibition effect can be made to reach best.Alternatively, with the contracting of 25% sustained-release synergistic type
Aqueous amine emulsion is saved as Suckering agents, after cotton plants topping, every 1~3.5ml Suckering agents are watered 1kg and are sprayed, and guarantee spray
Thoroughly.
Training is the most cumbersome sport technique segment taken a lot of work and be difficult to realize mechanization of cotton field management, and cotton plant is surely long, tie more
Bell is the basis for exempting from training, and sprout inhibition increases bell, realizes that chemical pruning is crucial.Correlation test the result shows that: spray sprout inhibition increase bell
Agent, the superfluous bud of cotton plant reduce 32%, even if growing superfluous bud of the length less than 5cm accounts for the 90% of complete stool total amount, also do not have to cotton stable yields
Have a significant impact, therefore it is feasible in administrative skill that the cotton time of infertility, which exempts from training,.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment to a kind of cotton suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type provided by the invention
Cultural method is specifically described.
Embodiment 1
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of low fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 75kg per acre.
Sowing on May 1,6000 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 63cm, small line-spacing 13cm, hill spacing 40cm.June 15
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during day-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.July 5
Day topping.
Cotton late growth stage sprays Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening 2 times, when cotton plants are grown within the scope of 80cm or so i.e. 75~85cm
Spray for the first time, sprayed for the second time in early August, spraying application concentration for the first time is 2ml/kg, is sprayed for the second time
Application concentration is 3.3ml/kg.
Embodiment 2
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of low fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 100kg per acre.
Sowing on May 5,5500 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 65cm, small line-spacing 15cm, hill spacing 42cm.June 15
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during day-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.July
It pinches within 10th.
Cotton late growth stage sprays Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening 2 times, when cotton plants are grown within the scope of 80cm or so i.e. 75~85cm
Spray for the first time, sprayed for the second time in early August, spraying application concentration for the first time is 2.5ml/kg, second of spray
Applying application concentration is 3.7ml/kg.
Embodiment 3
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of low fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 85kg per acre.
Sowing on May 3,6500 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 60cm, small line-spacing 10cm, hill spacing 38cm.June 15
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during day-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.July 8
Day topping.
Cotton late growth stage sprays Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening 2 times, when cotton plants are grown within the scope of 80cm or so i.e. 75~85cm
Spray for the first time, sprayed for the second time in early August, spraying application concentration for the first time is 2.2ml/kg, second of spray
Applying application concentration is 3.5ml/kg.
Embodiment 4
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of low fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 85kg per acre.
Sowing on April 25,6000 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 63cm, small line-spacing 13cm, hill spacing 40cm.June
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during 15 days-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.7
The moon 5 pinched.The 25% sustained-release synergistic type mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of every 1ml is watered 1kg and sprays sprout inhibition after topping, guarantees spray thoroughly i.e.
It can.
Embodiment 5
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of low fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 85kg per acre.
Sowing on April 28,6000 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 63cm, small line-spacing 13cm, hill spacing 40cm.June
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during 15 days-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.7
The moon 5 pinched.The 25% sustained-release synergistic type mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of every 3.5ml is watered 1kg and sprays sprout inhibition after topping, guarantees spray thoroughly i.e.
It can.
Embodiment 6
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of low fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 90kg per acre.
Sowing on May 1,6000 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 63cm, small line-spacing 13cm, hill spacing 40cm.June 15
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during day-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.July 5
Day topping.The 25% sustained-release synergistic type mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of every 2ml is watered 1kg and sprays sprout inhibition after topping, guarantees that spray is saturating.
Embodiment 7
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of medium fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 50kg per acre.
Sowing on May 1,6000 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 63cm, small line-spacing 13cm, hill spacing 40cm.June 15
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during day-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.July 5
Day topping.
Cotton late growth stage sprays Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening 2 times, when cotton plants are grown within the scope of 80cm or so i.e. 75~85cm
Spray for the first time, sprayed for the second time in early August, spraying application concentration for the first time is 2ml/kg, is sprayed for the second time
Application concentration is 3.3ml/kg.
Embodiment 8
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of medium fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 75kg per acre.
Sowing on May 5,5500 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 65cm, small line-spacing 15cm, hill spacing 42cm.June 15
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during day-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.July
It pinches within 10th.
Cotton late growth stage sprays Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening 2 times, when cotton plants are grown within the scope of 80cm or so i.e. 75~85cm
Spray for the first time, sprayed for the second time in early August, spraying application concentration for the first time is 2.5ml/kg, second of spray
Applying application concentration is 3.7ml/kg.
Embodiment 9
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of medium fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 65kg per acre.
Sowing on May 3,6500 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 60cm, small line-spacing 10cm, hill spacing 38cm.June 15
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during day-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.July 8
Day topping.
Cotton late growth stage sprays Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening 2 times, when cotton plants are grown within the scope of 80cm or so i.e. 75~85cm
Spray for the first time, sprayed for the second time in early August, spraying application concentration for the first time is 2.2ml/kg, second of spray
Applying application concentration is 3.5ml/kg.
Embodiment 10
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of medium fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 65kg per acre.
Sowing on April 25,6000 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 63cm, small line-spacing 13cm, hill spacing 40cm.June
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during 15 days-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.7
The moon 5 pinched.The 25% sustained-release synergistic type mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of every 1ml is watered 1kg and sprays sprout inhibition after topping, guarantees spray thoroughly i.e.
It can.
Embodiment 11
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of medium fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 65kg per acre.
Sowing on April 28,6000 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 63cm, small line-spacing 13cm, hill spacing 40cm.June
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during 15 days-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.7
The moon 5 pinched.The 25% sustained-release synergistic type mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of every 3.5ml is watered 1kg and sprays sprout inhibition after topping, guarantees spray thoroughly i.e.
It can.
Embodiment 12
Cotton cultivation method provided in this embodiment suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, comprising:
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil in the cotton field of medium fertility before sowing, base fertilizer is that the ecological organic fertilier amount of applying is 70kg per acre.
Sowing on May 1,6000 plants/acre of thickness of sowing or so, wide row space 63cm, small line-spacing 13cm, hill spacing 40cm.June 15
Foliar fertilizer is imposed during day-July 20, sprays within every 7 days the ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid, and spray is saturating.July 5
Day topping.The 25% sustained-release synergistic type mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion of every 2ml is watered 1kg and sprays sprout inhibition after topping, guarantees that spray is saturating.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that only that the sowing time is April 15.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 2, the difference is that only that Topping Time is July 20.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 3, the difference is that only that thickness of sowing difference, thickness of sowing are 3500 plants
Per acre.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 4, the difference is that only that sowing line width is different, the line-spacings 90cm such as setting is broadcast
Kind.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 2, the difference is that only, sprays application Ai Fudi concentration for the first time and is
3ml/kg, spraying application concentration for the second time is 4ml/kg.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example is substantially the same manner as Example 6, the difference is that only the 25% sustained-release synergistic type contracting of every 5ml after topping
Section aqueous amine emulsion is watered 1kg and sprays sprout inhibition.
2013~2018 years, under the saline and alkaline Dryland weather conditions of Circum-Bohai Sea, the comparison of field planting technology is persistently carried out
Test, each processing plot area 30m2, 3 repetitions, the method Cultivated species provided by embodiment 1~12 and comparative example 1~6
Flower.Annual September counts rotten bell number, superfluous bud dry matter, flower rate after harvest time recording cell effective yield and frost on the 10th, and measures mixed
Sample fiber quality is closed, is recorded into following table.
1 embodiment 1-6 of table and comparative example 1-6 test data contrast table
2 embodiment 7-12 experimental record of table
From Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, output of cotton is high, and rotten bell rate is low, after harvest
Cotton quality it is good.It can be seen from Table 1 that carrying out the cotton of cotton culture according to the method that the embodiment of the present application 1~6 provides
Flower rate and fiber quality are substantially better than comparative example 1~6 after the rotten bell number of yield, single plant, superfluous bud dry matter, frost, illustrate that the present invention mentions
The cotton cultivation method of confession can significantly reduce rotten bell amount, increase seed cotton yield, improve fiber quality, reduce artificial investment.It is special
It is other that embodiment 3 and comparative example 3 are illustrated: embodiment 3 and comparative example 3 to be compared, the yield of embodiment is apparently higher than
Comparative example, and rotten bell rate is lower, reason is competitive lower, plant lower fruit branch knot bell number between low-density plantation individual plants
It is more that relative high density plants plant, therefore the rotten bell number of comparative example 3 is more.
In conclusion the cotton cultivation method provided by the invention suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, due to increasing
In big thickness of sowing to OK range, delays suitable number of days and sowed, so that not lied prostrate in cotton plants growth course
Preceding peach, rotten bell substantially reduce, and establish the small individual cotton field structure of big group, single plant become from " high, big, thick " " it is short, thin,
It is soft ", not only fiber quality height also complies with mechanized harvesting requirement.On this basis, it is pinched in advance so that not having after being pinched
Flower after frost, blow-of-cottons Relatively centralized not only improve fiber quality and are also conducive to mechanization and once harvest.In addition, further, fertilising with
Root leaf can continue culture fertility conducive to Yield Increase In Cotton, can reduce applying quantity of chemical fertilizer year by year with the mode mended, and reduces arable land
Polluted by nitrogen persistently improves cotton field ecological environment.Superfluous bud growth is further inhibited using chemical inhibitor, cotton is can be realized and gives birth to entirely
The phase of educating exempts to prune.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of the present invention, are not intended to restrict the invention, for this field
For technical staff, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any
Modification, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cotton cultivation method suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type characterized by comprising
It is sowed in 25~May 5 April, thickness of sowing is 5500~6500 plants/acre；
Topping on 5~July 10 July.
2. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 1 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, which is characterized in that
Sowing time is 1~May of May 5.
3. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 1 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, which is characterized in that
It applies fertilizer to the subsoil before sowing, squaring period to full-bloom stage this period sprays ecological organic foliar fertilizer.
4. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 3 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, which is characterized in that
The time for spraying ecological organic foliar fertilizer is 15~July of June 20.
5. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 3 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, which is characterized in that
Base fertilizer is ecological organic fertilier, the cotton field of low fertility, applies 75~100kg of ecological organic fertilier per acre, the cotton field of medium fertility, per acre
50~75kg of ecological organic fertilier is applied, the low fertility is alkaline hydrolysis 30~60mg/kg of nitrogen content in topsoil soils, available phosphorus content
3~5mg/kg, 30~50mg/kg of quick-acting potassium content, the content of organic matter 0.6~1.0%；Medium fertility is alkaline hydrolysis in topsoil soils
60~90mg/kg of nitrogen content, 5~10mg/kg of available phosphorus content, 50~100mg/kg of quick-acting potassium content, the content of organic matter 1.0~
2.0%；The ecological organic fertilier is commercially available cotton organic-inorganic compound fertilizer；In squaring period to full-bloom stage this period,
The ecological organic foliar fertilizer of 200 times of liquid was sprayed every 7 days.
6. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 1 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, which is characterized in that
During cotton growth, Suckering agents are sprayed to plant and inhibit cotton lateral bud, are sprayed again if raining in 6 hours after spraying.
7. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 6 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, which is characterized in that
The Suckering agents are Chinese mugwort fluorine enlightening, and cotton growth to late growth stage sprays Chinese mugwort to it fluorine enlightening 2 times, 75 are grown in cotton plants~
It carries out spraying for the first time when 85cm, be sprayed for the second time in early August.
8. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 7 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, which is characterized in that
Spraying application concentration for the first time is 2~2.5ml/kg, and spraying application concentration for the second time is 3.3~3.7ml/kg.
9. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 6 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, which is characterized in that
The Suckering agents are 25% sustained-release synergistic type mepiquat chloride aqueous emulsion, and after cotton plants topping, every 1~3.5ml Suckering agents are watered
1kg is sprayed.
10. the cotton cultivation method according to claim 1 suitable for coastal saline-alkali Dryland climate type, feature exist
In seeding method are as follows: small one wide row space of a line-spacing alternating, wide row space are 60~65cm, and small line-spacing is 10~15cm, every row hill spacing
For 38~42cm, line-spacing is that the adjacent rows of small line-spacing are sowed by the way of dislocation sowing.
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