CN110066364B - 含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110066364B
CN110066364B CN201910326873.4A CN201910326873A CN110066364B CN 110066364 B CN110066364 B CN 110066364B CN 201910326873 A CN201910326873 A CN 201910326873A CN 110066364 B CN110066364 B CN 110066364B
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朱波
黄振振
范碧波
何勇
徐玉娟
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物及其制备方法。该仿生聚合物为无规共聚物,该聚合物的结构通式为:
Figure DDA0002036510460000011
其中:m,n为正整数(10≤m≤5000,10≤n≤5000,m∶n=1∶99~99∶1);R1为:‑NH2、‑COOH、‑OH、‑SH、
Figure DDA0002036510460000012
中的任意一种;R2,R3,R4相互独立地为‑H、‑CH3、‑NH2、‑OH、‑COOH、‑SH中的任意一种;L1为‑NH‑‑O‑中的任意一种;L2
Figure DDA0002036510460000013
Figure DDA0002036510460000014
(a和b为正整数,且1≤a≤12,1≤b≤3)中的任意一种。该聚合物具有酚羟基可控性好、黏附性强、使用量少、工艺简单、适合工业化生产等一系列优点,作为纤维上浆剂能有效地提高纤维增强复合材料的层剪强度,具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于仿生高分子材料领域,具体涉及一种含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
通过对贻贝(Mussel)在岩石上的黏附性观察,发现贻贝分泌的足蛋白(Musselfootproteins,Mfps)具有极强的黏附性。研究发现其粘附性主要来源于足蛋白中所含的多巴胺以及富赖氨酸的蛋白质。基于以上发现2007年研究人员首次合成了聚多巴胺,多巴胺是天然贻贝足蛋白中粘附性的主要来源,所合成的聚多巴胺具有非常强的黏附性,在缓冲液中弱碱性有氧条件下多巴胺会自发氧化聚合,聚合简单不需要其他试剂,直接把所要处理的样品放入缓冲液,保持弱碱性有氧条件下就可以引发多巴胺自聚,聚合后的多巴胺可以粘附在高分子、金属及无机非金属几乎所有的基体上,甚至是可以粘附细胞(Science,2007,318(5849):426-30)。贻贝足蛋白不仅仅可以在干燥环境下具有很强的黏附性,即便在潮湿环境甚至是水下贻贝分泌的足蛋白都可以牢牢粘附在岩石上。聚多巴胺很多都是应用在生物医学领域,如防污抗菌、细胞工程以及组织工程、生物胶水等领域。但是多巴胺自发氧化聚合一个致命的缺陷就是可控性差,多巴胺上面的两个酚羟基很容易被氧化变成醌,而这两个酚羟基一旦被氧化成了醌,聚多巴胺也就失去了粘附性(AdvancedMaterials,2011,23(20):2362-6)。
美国专利US8784895公开了一种直接采用多巴胺改性纤维的方法。但该方法一方面所需要的时间过长,通常多巴胺的自发氧化聚合需要24h,不适合工业化生产;另一方面,多巴胺自发聚合只有很少量的聚多巴胺会吸附在材料表面,超过99%的多巴胺都聚合在溶液中,从而造成大量的原料浪费。而且多巴胺在聚合的过程中酚羟基极易被氧化成醌,从而失去黏附性,可控性差。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物。该仿生聚合物具有酚羟基可控性好、黏附性强、使用量少等特点;
本发明的目的之二在于提供该仿生聚合物的制备方法,该制备方法具有工艺简单以及适合工业化生产。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用如下反应机理:
Figure BDF0000015800540000021
根据上述反应机理,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物,其特征在于该仿生聚合物为无规共聚物,该聚合物的结构通式(I)为:
Figure BDF0000015800540000031
其中:m,n为正整数;且10≤m≤5000,10≤n≤5000,m:n=1:99~99:1;
R1为-NH2、-COOH、-OH、-SH、
Figure BDF0000015800540000032
中的任意一种;
R2,R3,R4相互独立地为-H、-CH3、-NH2、-OH、-COOH、或-SH;
L1为-NH-、-O-中的任意一种;
L2
Figure BDF0000015800540000033
中的任意一种;a和b为正整数,且1≤a≤12,1≤b≤3。
上述结构通式中m,n为正整数,且10≤m≤5000,10≤n≤5000,m:n=1:99~99:1;考虑到粘附性控制和聚合物分子量以及溶解性问题,m:n最优选为50:50~20:80。
上述结构通式中R1为:-NH2、-COOH、-OH、-SH、
Figure BDF0000015800540000034
中的任意一种;考虑到水溶性和实际应用,结构通式(I)中R1优选为
Figure BDF0000015800540000035
-NH2中的任意一种。
上述结构通式中R2,R3,R4相互独立地为-H、-CH3、-NH2、-OH、-COOH、-SH中的任意一种;考虑到聚合物分子量,所述结构通式(I)中R2,R3,R4优选为-H、-CH3、-NH2或-OH。
上述结构通式中L1为-NH-或者-O-,考虑到聚合物水溶性以及柔性优选地,所述结构通式(I)中L1优选为-O-;
上述结构通式中L2
Figure BDF0000015800540000036
(a和b为正整数,且1≤a≤12,1≤b≤3)考虑到亚烷基链长度对聚合物溶解性和亲水性的影响所述结构式(I)中L2优选为
Figure BDF0000015800540000037
Figure BDF0000015800540000041
中的任意一种。
一种制备上述的含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物的方法,其特征在于该方法的具体步骤为:
a.将含有二羟基苯基团的化合物与甲基丙烯酸酐按摩尔比1:1~1:2的比例反应得到改性甲基丙烯酰胺的单体,其结构式为:
Figure BDF0000015800540000042
所述的含有二羟基苯基团的化合物的结构式为:
Figure BDF0000015800540000043
b.将步骤a所得的改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体与改性甲基丙烯酸基单体在引发剂的存在下通过自由基聚合反应,得到含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物;所述的改性甲基丙烯酸基单体的结构式为:
Figure BDF0000015800540000044
上述的步骤a的具体步骤为:取8g~12g Na2B4O7,3.2g~4.8g NaHCO3加入到反应容器中,然后加入80ml~120ml超纯水,接着加入5g~7g含有二羟基苯基团的化合物;接着取3.8ml~5.6ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于20ml~30ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置浓度为0.8mol/L~1.2mol/L的NaOH溶液,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH=8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应13~21个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入40ml~60ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复1~3次;再用浓度为4.8mol/L~7.2mol/L的HCl溶液滴加到滤液中调节pH=1.5~2.5;然后将滤液转移至容器中,加入40ml~60ml乙酸乙酯,萃取1~2次;最后沉淀到冷的400ml~600ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体。
上述的含有二羟基苯基团的化合物为:多巴胺、甲基多巴胺、屈昔多巴、5-羟基多巴胺或去甲肾上腺素中的至少一种。
上述的步骤b的具体步骤为:采用自由基聚合,反应条件为光引发,将0.0182~0.0268g引发剂、0.025~0.3112g改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体和0.0142~0.241g改性甲基丙烯酸单体加入反应管中,在0℃~50℃惰性气体保护的条件下紫外光照聚合反应0.5~24h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在10~30ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到100~500ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,3000~10000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物抽真空干燥得到最终的仿生聚合物。
上述的改性甲基丙烯酸单体为2-氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、2-氨基乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、2-(2-(胺氧基)乙氧基)甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、2-(氨氧基)甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯中的至少一种。
上所述光引发剂为安息香、安息香双甲醚、安息香乙醚、安息香异丙醚、安息香丁醚、二苯基乙酮、硫代丙氧基硫杂蒽酮、二苯甲酮中的至少一种。
考虑到合成工艺影响,所述含有二羟基苯的单体优选多巴胺。
考虑到分子链柔韧性以及水溶性,所述改性甲基丙烯酸单体优选2-氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯。
考虑到聚合工艺以及成本因素优选地,该聚合物的聚合方法为自由基聚合,反应条件为光引发。所述光引发剂为安息香、安息香双甲醚、安息香乙醚、安息香异丙醚、安息香丁醚、二苯基乙酮、硫代丙氧基硫杂蒽酮、二苯甲酮。但考虑到聚合工艺以及成本因素优选地,引发剂优选为安息香双甲醚(DMPA);光引发聚合温度介于0℃~50℃之间,聚合时间介于0.5h~24h之间。
该聚合物具有酚羟基可控性好、黏附性强、使用量少、工艺简单、适合工业化生产等一系列优点,作为纤维上浆剂能有效地提高纤维复合材料的层剪强度,具有广阔的应用前景。
附图说明
图1 II-19的1H-NMR谱图;
图2 III-19的1H-NMR谱图;
图3 IV-19的1H-NMR谱图;
图4 I-19的1H-NMR谱图;
图5 III-19的红外光谱图;
图6 I-19的红外光谱图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明更明显易懂,兹以优选实施例,作详细说明如下。
实验原料
Figure BDF0000015800540000061
实施例1
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5g II-19;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-1)5.6g,产率82%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将硫代丙氧基硫杂蒽酮0.0125g(0.05mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-1)0.025g(0.1mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-1)0.226g(1mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在0℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应24h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.13g仿生聚合物I-9。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-1中III-1单元、IV-1单元的摩尔比为1:99。
实施例2
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5g II-2;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-2)5.6g,产率80%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将硫代丙氧基硫杂蒽酮0.125g(0.05mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-2)0.0269g(0.1mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-2)0.241g(1mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在0℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应24h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.14g仿生聚合物I-18。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-2中III-2单元、IV-2单元的摩尔比为1:99。
实施例3
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5.5g II-3;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-3)6.1g,产率81%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,硫代丙氧基硫杂蒽酮0.0125g(0.05mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-3)0.3112g(1mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-3)0.037g(0.1mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在0℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应0.5h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.156g仿生聚合物I-3。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中III-3单元、IV-3单元的摩尔比为99:1。
实施例4
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取12g Na2B4O7,4.8g NaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入120ml超纯水,接着加入6.4g II-4;接着取5.6ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于30ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1.2M NaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH=9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应21个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入60ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复3次;再用7.2M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2.5;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入60ml乙酸乙酯,萃取2次;最后沉淀到冷的600ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-4)6.8g,产率83%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将硫代丙氧基硫杂蒽酮0.125g(0.05mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-4)0.297g(1mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-4)0.0142g(0.1mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在0℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应0.5h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在30ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到500ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,10000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.145g仿生聚合物I-4。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-4中III-4单元、IV-4单元的摩尔比为99:1。
实施例5
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入7.0g II-5;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-5)9.1g,产率82%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将二苯基甲酮0.0182(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-5)0.235g(1mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-5)0.130g(1mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在20℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在30ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到500ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,10000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.210g仿生聚合物I-5。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-5中III-5单元、IV-5单元的摩尔比为50:50。
实施例6
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5.5g II-6;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-6)7.5g,产率87%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将二苯基甲酮0.0182(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-6)0.237g(1mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-6)0.128g(1mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在20℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.172g仿生聚合物I-6。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-6中III-6单元、IV-6单元的摩尔比为50:50。
实施例7
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5.5g II-7;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-7)6.1g,产率88%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将二苯基乙酮0.0196(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-7)0.178g(1mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-7)0.145g(1mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在20℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.202g仿生聚合物I-7。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-7中III-7单元、IV-7单元的摩尔比为50:50。
实施例8
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5g II-8;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-8)5.6g,产率80%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将二苯基乙酮0.0196(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-8)0.267g(5mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-8)0.178g(5mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在20℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.235g仿生聚合物I-8。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-8中III-8单元、IV-8单元的摩尔比为50:50。
实施例9
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5g II-9;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-1)5.6g,产率70%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将安息香0.0212g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-9)0.212g(0.8mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-9)0.1884g(1.2mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在30℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.240g仿生聚合物I-9。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-9中III-9单元、IV-9单元的摩尔比为40:60。
实施例10
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5g II-10;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-1)5.6g,产率85%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将安息香0.0212g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-10)0.210g(0.8mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-10)0.187g(1.2mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在30℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.210g仿生聚合物I-10。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-10中III-10单元、IV-10单元的摩尔比为40:60。
实施例11
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5g II-11;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-11)5.6g,产率81%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将安息香乙醚0.024g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-11)0.2224g(0.8mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-11)0.187g(1.2mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在30℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.203g仿生聚合物I-11。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-11中III-11单元、IV-11单元的摩尔比为40:60。
实施例12
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入6.9g II-12;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-12)7.1g,产率80%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将安息香乙醚0.0240g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-12)0.2128g(1mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-12)0.186g(1.2mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在30℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.159g仿生聚合物I-12。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-12中III-12单元、IV-12单元的摩尔比为40:60。
实施例13
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5.4g II-13;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-13)6.1g,产率82%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将安息香异丙醚0.0254g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-13)0.1704g(0.6mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-13)0.1988g(1.4mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在40℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.192g仿生聚合物I-13。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-13中III-13单元、IV-13单元的摩尔比为30:70。
实施例14
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入6.4g II-14;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-14)6.8g,产率81%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将安息香异丙醚0.0254g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-14)0.0936g(0.6mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-14)0.1974g(1.4mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在40℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.126g仿生聚合物I-4。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-14中III-14单元、IV-14单元的摩尔比为30:70。
实施例15
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入7.0g II-15;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-15)9.1g,产率85%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将安息香丁醚0.0268g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-15)0.168g(0.6mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-15)0.3178g(1.4mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在50℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.330g仿生聚合物I-15。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-15中III-15单元、IV-15单元的摩尔比为30:70。
实施例16
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5.5g II-16;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-16)7.5g,产率86%。
(B)聚合:采用光引发聚合,将安息香丁醚0.0268g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-16)0.186g(0.6mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-16)0.4172g(1.4mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在50℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应8h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在20ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到200ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,8000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.425g仿生聚合物I-6。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-15中III-16单元、IV-16单元的摩尔比为30:70。
实施例17
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取8g Na2B4O7,3.2g NaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入80ml超纯水,接着加入5.4g II-17;接着取3.8ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于20ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置0.8M NaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH=8,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应13个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入40ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复1次;再用4.8M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=1.5;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入40ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的400ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-17)6.1g,产率85%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将安息香双甲醚0.0256g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-17)0.1124g(0.4mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-17)0.4544g(1.6mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在25℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应8h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在10ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到100ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,3000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.467g仿生聚合物I-17。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-17中III-17单元、IV-17单元的摩尔比为20:80。
实施例18
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入6.9g II-18;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-18)7.1g,产率82%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将安息香双甲醚0.0256g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-18)0.0948g(0.4mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-18)0.3648g(1.6mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在25℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在10ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到100ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,3000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.312g仿生聚合物I-18。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-18中III-18单元、IV-18单元的摩尔比为20:80。
实施例19
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5g II-19(II-19的1H-NMR图见图2);接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1M NaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-19)5.6g,产率80%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将安息香双甲醚0.0256g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-19)0.0884g(0.4mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-19)0.2064g(1.6mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在25℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在10ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到100ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,3000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.167g仿生聚合物I-19(I-19核磁图见图5)。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-19中III-19单元、IV-19单元的摩尔比为20:80。
实施例20
(A)改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体的合成:取10gNa2B4O7,4gNaHCO3加入到反应茄瓶中,然后加入100ml超纯水,接着加入5g II-20;接着取4.7ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于25ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置1MNaOH,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH 8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应17个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入50ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复2次;再用6M HCl滴加到滤液中调节pH=2;然后将滤液转移至圆底烧瓶中,加入50ml乙酸乙酯,萃取3次;最后沉淀到冷的500ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-20)5.6g,产率80%。
(B)聚合:采用自由基聚合,将安息香双甲醚0.0256g(0.1mmol)、改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体(III-20)0.0884g(0.4mmol)和改性甲基丙烯酸单体(IV-20)0.232g(1.6mmol)加入反应管中,注入10mlDMF,在25℃惰性气体环境下紫外光照聚合反应16h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在10ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到100ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,3000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物放在真空线上抽真空干燥一夜得到0.183g仿生聚合物I-20。通过1H-NMR测定,聚合物中I-20中III-20单元、IV-20单元的摩尔比为20:80。
实施例21
将芳纶纤维在I-19浓度为0.5g/L的水溶液中浸泡2分钟,在100℃下干燥6h,得到表面改性的芳纶纤维。随后进行单丝拔出测试,实验结果表明表面改性的芳纶纤维与环氧树脂界面的剪切强度提高到18.5MPa,相比未处理的芳纶环氧复合材料(11.3MPa)提高了64%。
实施例1-20所用单体及结构式如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDF0000015800540000161
Figure BDF0000015800540000171
实施例1-19反应条件及产物中Ⅲ单元与Ⅳ单元的摩尔比如表2所示。
表2:
Figure BDF0000015800540000181

Claims (12)

1.一种含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物,其特征在于该仿生聚合物为无规共聚物,该聚合物的结构通式(I)为:
Figure FDF0000015800530000011
其中:m,n为正整数,且10≤m≤5000,10≤n≤5000,m:n=1:99~99:1;
R1为:-NH2、-COOH、-SH、
Figure FDF0000015800530000012
中的任意一种;
R2,R3,R4相互独立地为-H、-CH3、-NH2、-OH、-COOH、-SH中的任意一种;
L1为-NH-、-O-中的任意一种;
L2
Figure FDF0000015800530000013
中的任意一种;a和b为正整数,且1≤a≤12,1≤b≤3。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物,所述结构通式(I)中m:n为50:50~20:80。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物,所述聚合物的结构式为:
Figure FDF0000015800530000014
其中m:n为20:80。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物,所述结构通式(I)中R2,R3,R4相互独立地为-H、-CH3、-NH2、-OH中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物,所述结构通式(I)中L1为-O-。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种聚合物,所述结构通式(I)中L2
Figure FDF0000015800530000021
Figure FDF0000015800530000022
中的任意一种。
7.一种制备根据权利要求1~6中任意一项所述的含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物的方法,其特征在于该方法的具体步骤为:
a.将含有二羟基苯基团的化合物与甲基丙烯酸酐按摩尔比1:1~1:2的比例反应得到改性甲基丙烯酰胺的单体,其结构式为:
Figure FDF0000015800530000023
所述的含有二羟基苯基团的化合物的结构式为:
Figure FDF0000015800530000024
b.将步骤a所得的改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体与改性甲基丙烯酸基单体在引发剂的存在下通过自由基聚合反应,得到含有多巴胺或类多巴胺功能团的仿生聚合物;所述的改性甲基丙烯酸基单体的结构式为:
Figure FDF0000015800530000025
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于所述的步骤a的具体步骤为:取8~12gNa2B4O7,3.2~4.8g NaHCO3加入到反应容器中,然后加入80~120ml超纯水,接着加入5~7g含有二羟基苯基团的化合物;接着取3.8~5.6ml甲基丙烯酸酐溶于20~30ml THF中,逐滴加入到上述溶液中;然后配置浓度为0.8~1.2mol/L的NaOH溶液,逐滴加入到上述溶液中,调节pH=8~9,室温通氮气磁力搅拌反应13~21个小时;待反应结束后在反应液中加入40~60ml乙酸乙酯,静置分层,取下层水相,重复1~3次;再用浓度为4.8~7.2mol/L的HCl溶液滴加到滤液中调节pH=1.5~2.5;然后将滤液转移至容器中,加入40~60ml乙酸乙酯,萃取1~2次;最后沉淀到冷的400~600ml正己烷中、抽滤,取滤渣,干燥得到了改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的方法,其特征在于所述的含有二羟基苯基团的化合物为:多巴胺、甲基多巴胺、屈昔多巴、5-羟基多巴胺或去甲肾上腺素中的至少一种。
10.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于所述的步骤b的具体步骤为:采用自由基聚合,反应条件为光引发,将0.0182~0.0268g引发剂、0.025~0.3112g改性甲基丙烯酰胺单体和0.0142~0.241g改性甲基丙烯酸单体加入反应管中,在0℃~50℃惰性气体保护的条件下紫外光照聚合反应0.5~24h,将反应得到的固体部分溶解在10~30ml甲醇溶液中,再滴定到100~500ml冷的无水乙醚中沉淀来进行提纯,3000~10000rpm离心收集不溶物,将得到的沉淀产物抽真空干燥得到最终的仿生聚合物。
11.根据权利要求7或10所述的方法,其特征在于所述的改性甲基丙烯酸单体为2-氨基乙基甲基丙烯酸酯、2-氨基乙基甲基丙烯酰胺、2-(2-(胺氧基)乙氧基)甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酰胺、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯、2-(氨氧基)甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯中的至少一种。
12.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于所述光引发剂为安息香、安息香双甲醚、安息香乙醚、安息香异丙醚、安息香丁醚、二苯基乙酮、硫代丙氧基硫杂蒽酮、二苯甲酮中的至少一种。
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