CN110041319A - 一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110041319A
CN110041319A CN201910397958.1A CN201910397958A CN110041319A CN 110041319 A CN110041319 A CN 110041319A CN 201910397958 A CN201910397958 A CN 201910397958A CN 110041319 A CN110041319 A CN 110041319A
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benzothiophene derivative
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王金山
姜翠凤
贺盟
张勤芳
王伟
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Yancheng Institute of Technology
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料,其具有室温磷光发射特性,且晶体的磷光寿命可以达到ms级;并且提供了该苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的制备方法,为在惰性气体保护下,以卤素原子取代的苯并噻吩亚砜,咔唑或吩噻嗪或吩恶嗪或二甲基吖啶或烷氧基为原料,加入钯催化剂、碱、配体和溶剂,在80~120℃下反应24~72h;之后经过萃取、除去溶剂、干燥步骤,得的粗产物,粗产物经提纯后即得到所述苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料。该方法简单方便,能够有效的提供单线态激子到三线态的系间窜越,进而提高三线态的辐射跃迁速率,促进三线态激子到基态的跃迁,实现室温磷光发射。

Description

一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及室内磷光材料技术领域,具体涉及一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
磷光材料由于具有较长的寿命、长激子跃迁距离、充分利用激发态能量等优点,引起了广泛的关注。目前已经开发的室温磷光(RTP)材料绝大多数为金属有机化合物,因为重金属原子可以提高自旋耦合效应。该类材料在存储、光催化、传感器、生物成像和有机发光等诸多领域具有广阔的应用前景,因而成为目前非常热门的研究领域。但是,这类材料通常面临着价格昂贵、毒性大、不易加工以及柔性差等缺点。同时磷光材料的三重态对温度和氧气极其敏感,传统观念认为对有机化合物而言,磷光只能在低温、无氧条件下获得,极大的限制了其在各类领域的应用。与之相比,纯有机化合物因具有质轻、易于修饰、可溶液加工以及生物兼容性好等优点,因而受到了人们的广泛关注。因此,如何通过分子的合理设计开发出高效的纯有机室温磷光材料在理论和应用研究方面都具有重要的研究意义和价值。
目前产生RTP的方法主要是通过在结构中引入芳香羰基或卤素重原子,以此加强自旋-轨道耦合作用来增加系间窜越;另外通过结晶等方法限制分子振动,降低非辐射跃迁;把整个分子设计成给受体(D-A)体系,引入电荷转移降低单线态和三线态能级差,同时有助于系间窜越,可以得到有效的RTP。虽然RTP领域现在蓬勃发展,但是得到的RTP分子种类相对较少,可用于实际应用的极其有限,同时长寿命、高量子产率的纯有机RTP以及合成方法还亟待发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料及其制备方法,能有效解决现有技术中存在的室温磷光材料种类少、实际应用有限以及寿命低的问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用了以下技术方案:
一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料,该类衍生物的结构通式为:
其中:R为咔唑、吩噻嗪、吩恶嗪、二甲基吖啶或烷氧基。
其中烷氧基为具有1-10个碳原子的取代或未取代的直链或者支链烷氧基。
并且提供一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的制备方法,按照以下反应式制得:
其中:R1为卤素原子。
具体为,在惰性气体保护下,以卤素原子取代的苯并噻吩亚砜,咔唑或吩噻嗪或吩恶嗪或二甲基吖啶或烷氧基为原料,加入钯催化剂、碱、配体和溶剂,在80~120℃下反应24~72h;之后经过萃取、除去溶剂、干燥步骤,得的粗产物,粗产物经提纯后即得到所述苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料。
优选地,卤素原子为溴原子或碘原子。
优选地,钯催化剂为醋酸钯、四(三苯基膦)钯或双三苯基磷二氯化钯。
优选地,碱为叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钠或碳酸钾。
优选地,配体为叔丁基膦或N-甲基吗啉。
优选地,溶剂为甲苯、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜。
上述技术方案中提供的苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料,其通过卤素原子取代的苯并噻吩亚砜与咔唑、吩噻嗪、吩恶嗪、二甲基吖啶或烷氧基在催化剂和碱性条件下发生反应得到,由于亚砜基团的存在,使分子具有较强的自选轨道耦合效应,能够有效地提供单线态激子到三线态的系间窜越,进而提高三线态的辐射跃迁速率,促进三线态激子到基态的跃迁,实现室温磷光发射,并且其晶体的磷光寿命可以达到ms级。
附图说明
图1为本发明苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的结构通式;
图2为本发明苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料制备方法的反应式;
图3为本发明实施例1所得苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的室温荧光寿命衰减光谱。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例对本发明进行具体说明。应当理解,以下文字仅仅用以描述本发明的一种或几种具体的实施方式,并不对本发明具体请求的保护范围进行严格限定。
实施例1
本实施例中苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料按照以下反应式制备:
具体为:将5-溴苯并[b]噻吩1,1-二氧化物(2.43g,10.0mmol),吩恶嗪(2.07g,11.0mmol),Pd(OAc)2(0.0225g,0.1mmol),t-BuONa(0.0192g,0.2mmol)和P(tBu)3(0.1mL)加入到含有100mL甲苯(toluene)的圆底烧瓶中,鼓氩气30min,然后在氩气保护下,110℃反应72h,冷却到室温后,蒸发除去溶剂,然后用三氯甲烷(100mL)萃取三次,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。除去溶剂,得到粗产品,然后采用柱层析法提纯得到产品(3.1g,89.2%)。
核磁共振氢谱数据如下:1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.88(d,J=7.5,1H),7.46(d,J=1.4,1H),7.38–7.27(m,2H),7.23–7.01(m,8H),6.67(d,J=10.8,1H).MS:(MALDI-TOF)m/z calcd for C20H13NO3S,347.4;found,347.4[M]+.
实施例2
本实施例中苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料按照以下反应式制备:
具体为:将5-溴苯并[b]噻吩1,1-二氧化物(2.43g,10.0mmol),咔唑(1.83g,11.0mmol),Pd(OAc)2(0.0225g,0.1mmol),t-BuONa(0.0192g,0.2mmol)和P(tBu)3(0.1mL)加入到含有100mL甲苯(toluene)的圆底烧瓶中,鼓氩气30min,然后在氩气保护下,110℃反应72h,冷却到室温后,蒸发除去溶剂,然后用三氯甲烷(100mL)萃取三次,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。除去溶剂,得到粗产品,然后采用柱层析法提纯得到产品(2.8g,84.5%)。
核磁共振氢谱数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,Chloroform)δ=8.11–7.95(m,4H),7.62(dd,J=7.5,1.6Hz,1H),10.41–5.94(m,13H),8.28–5.94(m,12H),7.48–7.18(m,6H),6.67(d,J=10.8Hz,1H)。MS:(MALDI-TOF)m/z calcd for C20H13NO2S,331.4;found,331.4[M]+.
实施例3
本实施例中苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料按照以下反应式制备:
具体为:将5-溴苯并[b]噻吩1,1-二氧化物(2.43g,10.0mmol),咔唑(2.29g,11.0mmol),Pd(OAc)2(0.0225g,0.1mmol),t-BuONa(0.0192g,0.2mmol)和P(tBu)3(0.1mL)加入到含有100mL甲苯的圆底烧瓶中,鼓氩气30min,然后在氩气保护下,110℃反应72h,冷却到室温后,蒸发除去溶剂,然后用三氯甲烷(100mL)萃取三次,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。除去溶剂,得到粗产品,然后采用柱层析法提纯得到产品(3.2g,85.7%)。
核磁共振氢谱数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.87(s,1H),7.63(s,1H),7.51(s,1H),7.33(s,1H),7.20–7.10(m,4H),7.02–6.87(m,3H),6.8–6.84(m,1H),6.67(s,1H),1.69(s,6H).MS:(MALDI-TOF)m/z calcd for C29H19NO2S,373.5;found,373.5[M]+.
实施例4
本实施例中苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料按照以下反应式制备:
具体为:将5-碘苯并[b]噻吩1,1-二氧化物(2.92g,10.0mmol),吩恶嗪(2.07g,11.0mmol),Pd(OAc)2(0.0225g,0.1mmol),t-BuOK(0.0192g,0.2mmol)和P(tBu)3(0.1mL)加入到含有100mL1,4-二氧六环(dioxane)的圆底烧瓶中,鼓氩气30min,然后在氩气保护下,110℃反应72h,冷却到室温后,蒸发除去溶剂,然后用三氯甲烷(100mL)萃取三次,合并有机相,用无水硫酸钠干燥。除去溶剂,得到粗产品,然后采用柱层析法提纯得到产品(3.0g,86.1%)。
核磁共振氢谱数据如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.88(d,J=7.5,1H),7.46(d,J=1.4,1H),7.38–7.27(m,2H),7.23–7.01(m,8H),6.67(d,J=10.8,1H).MS:(MALDI-TOF)m/z calcd for C20H13NO3S,347.4;found,347.4[M]+.
将实施例1中所得到的产物50mg溶解于含有10mL二氯甲烷的试管中,然后通过试管壁缓慢加入正己烷5mL,用封口膜封口,在封口处留少量的微孔使溶剂可以缓慢挥发,将试管放置到平台上静置。待溶剂缓慢挥发,几天后有晶体析出并缓慢长大。挑选合适的晶体测试荧光寿命衰减曲线,如图1所示,在磷光波长550nm条件下,经过拟合其平均寿命为252ms。
附注:实施例2~4的晶体测试荧光寿命衰减曲线均与实施例1类似。
上面结合实施例对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在获知本发明中记载内容后,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对其作出若干同等变换和替代,这些同等变换和替代也应视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料,其特征在于,该类衍生物的结构通式为:
其中:R为咔唑、吩噻嗪、吩恶嗪、二甲基吖啶或烷氧基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料,其特征在于:所述烷氧基为具有1-10个碳原子的取代或未取代的直链或者支链烷氧基。
3.一种苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:在惰性气体保护下,以卤素原子取代的苯并噻吩亚砜,咔唑或吩噻嗪或吩恶嗪或二甲基吖啶或烷氧基为原料,加入钯催化剂、碱、配体和溶剂,在80~120℃下反应24~72h;之后经过萃取、除去溶剂、干燥步骤,得的粗产物,粗产物经提纯后即得到所述苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述卤素原子为溴原子或碘原子。
5.根据权利要求3所述的苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述钯催化剂为醋酸钯、四(三苯基膦)钯或双三苯基磷二氯化钯。
6.根据权利要求3所述的苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述碱为叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾、碳酸铯、碳酸钠或碳酸钾。
7.根据权利要求3所述的苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述配体为叔丁基膦或N-甲基吗啉。
8.根据权利要求3所述的苯并噻吩衍生物室温磷光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂为甲苯、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜。
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