CN110036876B - Solid substrate for growing three-dimensional greening plants and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Solid substrate for growing three-dimensional greening plants and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110036876B CN110036876B CN201910262074.5A CN201910262074A CN110036876B CN 110036876 B CN110036876 B CN 110036876B CN 201910262074 A CN201910262074 A CN 201910262074A CN 110036876 B CN110036876 B CN 110036876B
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- solid substrate
- essential oil
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
Abstract
The invention provides a plant growth solid substrate, which adopts cedar chips as main components, produces juice under the heating condition, is mutually bonded without adding an adhesive, forms a compressed block-shaped solid substrate, is convenient to carry and modularly install, can play a certain role in inhibiting the growth of plant roots, and prolongs the service life of the solid substrate; in addition, the cedar chips are slowly fermented in the using process, so that the nutrient components are slowly released, the growth speed of plants can be controlled, and the service life of the solid matrix is prolonged; the carbon powder is added to play a role in inhibiting mould and disinfecting; by controlling the dosage proportion and the granularity of the cedar wood chips and the carbon powder, the solid matrix integrally keeps a proper water retention rate, and can provide enough water for plant growth while ensuring air permeability; the inhibitor is added to slow down the fermentation speed, slowly release nutrient components, control the plant growth speed and prolong the service life of the solid matrix.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant growth substrates, in particular to a solid substrate for three-dimensional greening plant growth and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The greening of the wall body is also called vertical greening and three-dimensional greening. Due to the limited urban land, the space is to be fully utilized for planting various plants or climbing vines on walls, balconies, windowsills, roofs, shed frames and the like.
The existing wall greening mainly adopts the following planting forms:
(1) the framework and the flowerpot are usually firstly tightly attached to the wall surface or 5-10cm away from the wall surface to build a framework parallel to the wall surface, a drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation system is used for assisting, and then the flowerpot which is green in advance is embedded into a framework space;
(2) the modular wall greening has the same construction process as the framework and flowerpot water prevention, but the improvement is that the flowerpot is changed into a square, diamond and other geometric module, the modules are more flexible and convenient to combine, and the plants and plants in the modules are transported to the site for installation after cultivation and maintenance;
(3) a paving type wall greening is characterized in that a framework does not need to be additionally arranged on a wall surface, a plane irrigation system and a wall planting bag are compounded on a layer of high-strength waterproof film with the thickness of 1.5mm through industrial production of a factory to form a wall surface planting plane system, the system is directly fixed on the wall surface on site, and the fixing point is processed by a special waterproof fastener.
The planting form of the modular wall greening is convenient for field installation and maintenance due to low cost, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.
The existing planting substrate is generally made of sand, rock wool, vermiculite, perlite, expanded ceramic, bark, sawdust, peat, bagasse, rice hulls, furnace slag, mushroom slag, foamed plastic, a composite substrate, a coconut husk substrate and the like, then a certain amount of fertilizer is added, and the mixture is mixed and stirred into a soft substrate for use.
The application of the planting matrix in the field of modular wall greening has the following problems:
(1) the fertility of the fertilizer is difficult to control, so that the plants grow too fast, the nutrients of the matrix are quickly consumed, the plants lack nutrients and die, the service life of the whole module is shortened, and the module is frequently replaced;
(2) the soft substrate is inconvenient for modularization fixing and installation, the water retention effect is not good, the plant root system grows too fast, and the substrate nutrients are consumed rapidly, so that the service life of the whole module is shortened.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a solid substrate for growing three-dimensional greening plants, which is convenient for modularization fixing and installation and has a long service life, and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
in one aspect, the invention provides a plant growth solid substrate, which comprises the following components in parts by mass,
7-11 parts of China fir sawdust
0.5-1.1 parts of carbon powder
0.01-0.07 part of microorganism or enzyme
0.01 to 0.1 portion of inhibitor
0.05-0.2 parts of nutrient components.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the granularity of the cedar wood chips is 5-15 meshes.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the granularity of the carbon powder is 80-180 meshes.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the microorganism adopts bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris, candida utilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, lactobacillus plantarum or trichoderma reesei, and the enzyme adopts protease or cellulase. The growth of beneficial bacteria can be promoted by adding the microorganisms or the enzymes.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the inhibitor adopts a plant-derived bacteriostatic agent. Specifically, polysaccharide bacteriostat can be adopted, including platycodon root polysaccharide and crude licorice polysaccharide; essential oil bacteriostat can also be used, including cinnamon essential oil, fennel essential oil, oregano essential oil, clove essential oil, thyme essential oil or citronella essential oil.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, the nutrient components comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur or trace elements. Wherein the trace elements comprise boron, zinc, molybdenum, iron, manganese or copper elements.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a plant growth solid substrate according to the first aspect of the present invention, comprising the steps of,
s1, providing raw material components in parts by mass;
s2, fully mixing and stirring materials, fermenting and sterilizing;
s3, heating at 40-80 ℃ to enable the cedar chips to produce juice, and pressing and forming;
s4, drying and sterilizing to obtain the formed plant growth solid matrix.
Compared with the prior art, the plant growth solid substrate and the preparation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the cedar chips are adopted as main components, juice is produced under the heating condition and is mutually bonded without adding an additional adhesive, a compressed massive solid matrix is formed, the carrying and the modular installation are convenient, meanwhile, a certain inhibiting effect on the growth of plant roots is achieved, and the service life of the solid matrix is prolonged; in addition, the cedar chips are slowly fermented in the using process, so that the nutrient components are slowly released, the growth speed of plants can be controlled, and the service life of the solid matrix is prolonged;
(2) the carbon powder is added to play a role in inhibiting mould and disinfecting;
(3) by controlling the dosage proportion and the granularity of the cedar wood chips and the carbon powder, the solid matrix integrally keeps a proper water retention rate, and can provide enough water for plant growth while ensuring air permeability;
(4) the inhibitor is added to slow down the fermentation speed, slowly release nutrient components, control the plant growth speed and prolong the service life of the solid matrix.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The preparation method of the plant growth solid substrate of the embodiment is as follows:
s1, weighing the following components by mass:
7kg of cedar chips, wherein the granularity of the cedar chips is 5 meshes;
0.5kg of carbon powder, wherein the particle size of the carbon powder is 80 meshes;
0.01kg of bacillus subtilis;
0.01kg of platycodon grandiflorum polysaccharide;
0.02kg of ammonium nitrate;
0.02kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer;
0.02kg of potassium sulfate;
0.005kg of trace element fertilizer.
S2, mixing the above components, stirring, fermenting, and sterilizing;
s3, heating at 40 ℃ to enable the cedar chips to produce juice, and then pressing and forming; s4, drying and sterilizing to obtain the formed plant growth solid matrix.
Example 2
The preparation method of the plant growth solid substrate of the embodiment is as follows:
s1, weighing the following components by mass:
the particle size of the cedar chips is 10 meshes;
0.8kg of carbon powder, wherein the particle size of the carbon powder is 120 meshes;
0.04kg of bacillus licheniformis;
0.05kg of licorice crude polysaccharide;
0.03kg of ammonium nitrate;
0.03kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer;
0.03kg of potassium sulfate;
0.01kg of trace element fertilizer.
S2, mixing the above components, stirring, fermenting, and sterilizing;
s3, heating at 60 ℃ to enable the cedar chips to produce juice, and then pressing and forming;
s4, drying and sterilizing to obtain the formed plant growth solid matrix.
Example 3
The preparation method of the plant growth solid substrate of the embodiment is as follows:
s1, weighing the following components by mass:
11kg of cedar chips, wherein the granularity of the cedar chips is 15 meshes;
1.1kg of carbon powder, wherein the particle size of the carbon powder is 180 meshes;
0.07kg of lactobacillus plantarum, wherein the microorganism adopts bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, rhodopseudomonas palustris, candida utilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, lactobacillus plantarum, trichoderma reesei, protease or cellulase;
0.1kg of cinnamon essential oil;
ammonium nitrate 0.09 kg;
0.05kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer;
0.05kg of potassium sulfate;
0.01kg of trace element fertilizer.
S2, mixing the above components, stirring, fermenting, and sterilizing;
s3, heating at 80 ℃ to enable the cedar chips to produce juice, and then pressing and forming;
s4, drying and sterilizing to obtain the formed plant growth solid matrix.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a solid substrate for three-dimensional greening plant growth is characterized by comprising the following steps: the plant growth solid substrate comprises the following components in parts by mass,
7-11 parts of China fir sawdust
0.5-1.1 parts of carbon powder
0.01-0.07 part of microorganism or enzyme
0.01 to 0.1 portion of inhibitor
0.05-0.2 parts of nutrient components;
the inhibitor is prepared from radix Platycodi polysaccharide, Glycyrrhrizae radix crude polysaccharide, cortex Cinnamomi essential oil, fructus Foeniculi essential oil, Oregano essential oil, flos Caryophylli essential oil, herba Thymi essential oil or herba Cymbopogonis Citrari essential oil;
comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1, providing raw material components in parts by mass;
s2, fully mixing and stirring materials, fermenting and sterilizing;
s3, heating at 40-80 ℃ to enable the cedar chips to produce juice, and pressing and forming;
s4, drying and sterilizing to obtain a formed plant growth solid matrix;
the granularity of the cedar wood chips is 5-15 meshes.
2. A method for preparing a solid substrate for the growth of three-dimensional greening plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the granularity of the carbon powder is 80-180 meshes.
3. A method for preparing a solid substrate for the growth of three-dimensional greening plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the microorganism is Bacillus licheniformis, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Candida utilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mucilaginosus, Lactobacillus plantarum or Trichoderma reesei, and the enzyme is protease or cellulase.
4. A method for preparing a solid substrate for the growth of three-dimensional greening plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nutrient components comprise nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sulfur or trace elements.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910262074.5A CN110036876B (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Solid substrate for growing three-dimensional greening plants and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201910262074.5A CN110036876B (en) | 2019-04-02 | 2019-04-02 | Solid substrate for growing three-dimensional greening plants and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110036876A CN110036876A (en) | 2019-07-23 |
| CN110036876B true CN110036876B (en) | 2021-11-16 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111149600A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-15 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Technique for afforesting quercus acutissima seedling barren mountains |
| CN113133373B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2024-02-20 | 四川靓固科技集团有限公司 | Arbor and shrub growth controllable nutrient medium and application |
| TWI756149B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-02-21 | 陳建家 | Modular planting material for natural turf in sports field and its manufacturing process |
| CN116217301A (en) * | 2022-09-04 | 2023-06-06 | 武汉创然生态园林工程有限公司 | Garden waste and kitchen waste fermentation used for garden engineering soil matrix |
| CN115777489B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-06-02 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | Garden engineering biological greening method |
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| CN103408370A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-27 | 宁波枫康生物科技有限公司 | Dendrobium officinale imitate-wild cultivation seedling medium formula |
| CN103936488A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Forest logging residue seedling growing substrate suitable for fast-growing wood seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| CN106106106A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-16 | 林志仓 | Plant cultivation media and module thereof |
| CN108373380A (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2018-08-07 | 苏斌 | A kind of blocky organic planting matrix of Vegetable and its compression method |
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- 2019-04-02 CN CN201910262074.5A patent/CN110036876B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103408370A (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2013-11-27 | 宁波枫康生物科技有限公司 | Dendrobium officinale imitate-wild cultivation seedling medium formula |
| CN103936488A (en) * | 2014-04-22 | 2014-07-23 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Forest logging residue seedling growing substrate suitable for fast-growing wood seedlings and preparation method thereof |
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