CN110023123B - 用于运行车辆动力系统的方法 - Google Patents

用于运行车辆动力系统的方法 Download PDF

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CN110023123B
CN110023123B CN201780072391.XA CN201780072391A CN110023123B CN 110023123 B CN110023123 B CN 110023123B CN 201780072391 A CN201780072391 A CN 201780072391A CN 110023123 B CN110023123 B CN 110023123B
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rotational speed
shift element
transmission
output shaft
friction
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CN110023123A (zh
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K·拉彻
A·麦卡
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ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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    • B60W10/00Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/119Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of all-wheel-driveline means, e.g. transfer gears or clutches for dividing torque between front and rear axle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60W30/18Propelling the vehicle
    • B60W30/184Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline
    • B60W30/186Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline excessive wear or burn out of friction elements, e.g. clutches
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    • B60K17/34Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/348Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed
    • B60K17/35Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches
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    • B60K23/0808Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch
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    • B60K2023/0825Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch for varying front-rear torque distribution with a central differential for adding torque to the front wheels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K5/00Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B60K5/02Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, substantially in or parallel to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
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  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
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  • Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于运行车辆动力系统(1)的方法,该车辆动力系统具有驱动装置(2)、变速器(3)以及从动装置(4)。设有摩擦锁合的切换元件(10),该切换元件的传递能力是可变的,并且至少一部分在车辆动力系统(1)中引导的转矩能通过该切换元件在变速器输出轴(8)与从动装置(4)的区域(6)之间传递。一个切换元件半部与变速器输出轴(8)作用连接,并且另一个切换元件半部与从动装置(4)的区域(6)作用连接。变速器输出轴(8)的转速不仅根据在从动装置(4)的区域(6)中的转速而且根据驱动装置(2)的转速和当前在变速器(3)的区域中接合的传动比得出。在从动侧得出的变速器输出轴(8)转速与在变速器输入侧确定的变速器输出轴(8)转速之间的偏差大于或等于阈值时,和/或在摩擦锁合的切换温度(10)的区域中的运行温度大于或等于界限值时,引入降低摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的负载的措施。

Description

用于运行车辆动力系统的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于运行车辆动力系统的方法。
背景技术
在由实践已知的车辆动力系统中,这些车辆动力系统构成有驱动装置、变速器和从动装置,处于所谓的全轮离合器的区域中的摩擦功率主要基于驱动车轴的车轮的转速进行确定。
在此,可能性在于,全轮离合器的内摩擦片支架与构成为车辆前轴的驱动车轴耦联,并且全轮离合器的外摩擦片支架不仅与变速器的变速器输出轴而且与同样可驱动的车辆后轴作用连接。为了确定内摩擦片支架和外摩擦片支架的转速,采用在可驱动的车辆前轴的车轮的区域中和可驱动的车辆后轴的车轮的区域中得出的转速。
在变速器输出轴与车辆后轴之间的功率路径中动力啮合中断的情况下,在车辆后轴的区域中不再能支撑变速器输出转矩,因此整个变速器输出力矩施加在全轮离合器的区域中,所述动力啮合中断例如通过万向轴的断裂或后轴的一侧的半轴的断裂产生,所述万向轴在变速器输出轴与后轴之间延伸,所述半轴处在车辆后轴的横向分动器与车辆后轴的车轮之一之间。在上述的车辆动力系统的运行状态过程期间,外摩擦片支架的转速由于动力啮合中断而上升,在该运行状态过程期间,变速器输出力矩大于由行驶动力学调节器输出的全轮力矩或者由全轮离合器最大可传输的转矩。由于所述上升,又导致在全轮离合器的区域中在外摩擦片支架与内摩擦片支架之间的转速差的提高,这与施加的转矩相结合地又导致到全轮离合器中的相应的摩擦功率输入。
不利地,在这种运行状态过程期间,外摩擦片支架的转速上升不通过在后轴区域和/或前轴区域中的车轮转速的基础上计算外摩擦片支架的转速被识别,使得不发生用于全轮离合器的保护功能的激活,并且到全轮离合器中的提高的功率输入造成过热,并且也许造成全轮离合器的不可逆的损害。全轮离合器的这种功能损伤,在全轮离合器和变速器的共同的机油消耗中,可能带来具有相应高的维修成本的变速器的彻底失灵,因为然后由于全轮离合器的损害导致的变速器机油的污染损害变速器控制器的功能。
如果在在后轴区域中的已知的动力啮合中断时断开全轮离合器,那么这导致车辆立刻停止,但这是不期望的。
另外也存在如下可能性:设置在横向分动器区域中的、作为可调的横向闭锁器运行的摩擦锁合的切换元件,在沿车辆横向方向延伸的半轴断裂时在横向分动器或主减速器与配属的驱动车轴的一个车轮之间传递转矩时,在不允许的范围中被加载转矩并且也许被损害。
由DE102009032265A1已知一种用于保护全轮离合器的方法,在该方法中,全轮离合器的热负载程度根据车轮转速传感器信号得出,在单个的传感器失灵时动用替代值。
发明内容
本发明目的在于,提供一种用于运行车辆动力系统的方法,该车辆动力系统具有驱动装置、变速器和从动装置以及摩擦锁合的切换元件,借助于该摩擦锁合的切换元件按简单的方式方法在高的车辆可用性的同时可以避免在摩擦锁合的切换元件的区域中的过载。
该目的通过按本发明的用于运行车辆动力系统的方法解决。
在按本发明的用于运行车辆动力系统的方法中,该车辆动力系统具有驱动装置和变速器以及摩擦锁合的切换元件,该切换元件的传递能力是可变的,通过该切换元件,至少一部分在车辆动力系统中引导的转矩能在与车辆的初级轴传动连接的变速器输出轴与车辆的次级轴之间传递,并且该切换元件的其中一个切换元件半部与变速器输出轴作用连接,并且该切换元件的另一个切换元件半部与次级轴作用连接,变速器输出轴的转速不仅根据初级轴的转速而且根据变速器输入轴的转速和当前在变速器区域中接合的传动比得出。
如果根据初级轴的转速得出的变速器输出轴的转速和根据变速器输入轴的转速确定的变速器输出轴的转速彼此相差得大于阈值,和/或如果在摩擦锁合的切换元件区域中的运行温度超过界限值,那么引入降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载的措施。
在变速器输出轴的在从动侧得出的转速与在变速器输入侧确定的转速之间的转速差大于阈值时,得出在变速器输入轴与初级轴的车轮之间的功率流中的功能失灵。
通过按本发明的处理方式,以小的耗费得出在摩擦锁合的切换元件区域中的转速差,根据该转速差,按简单的方式方法能得出动力啮合中断、例如轴断裂。在该认识的基础上和/或在切换元件的区域中的不允许地高的运行温度时,又在小的结构耗费的同时,可引入措施并且可避免在期望的范围中车辆可用性的损害,所述措施以高度的自发性避免在摩擦锁合的切换元件区域中的不可逆的损害。
为了能按简单的方式方法避免错误探测,在按本发明方法的一种有利的方案中,在得出在从动侧得出的变速器输出轴转速与在变速器输入侧确定的变速器输出轴转速之间的转速差大于或等于阈值时,首先开始时间监控,在该转速差长于预定的或可应用的时间段地高于阈值时,才引入降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载的措施。
在按本发明方法的另一有利的方案中,如果运行温度在时间监控期间大于或等于运行温度的界限值,那么降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载的措施在预定的或可用的时间段结束之前就已经被引入。因此又避免:用于避免错误探测的优选可应用的等待时间,在产生不允许地高的运行温度时,促进在摩擦锁合的切换元件的区域中的损害。
如果时间监控在低于阈值的情况下复位,那么在重新超过在摩擦锁合的切换元件的各切换元件半部之间的转速差时又完全提供设置用于避免错误探测的定义的或可应用的时间段,或者在期望的范围中等待,直到引入降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载的措施。
如果在低于阈值和界限值时开始另一时间监控并且结束降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载的措施,如果转速差长于另一预定的时间段地小于阈值并且摩擦锁合的切换元件的运行温度小于或等于另一界限值,那么仅在必要地长的时间上执行由降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载的措施也许导致的对传统行驶运行的损害,并且然后又按已知的方式方法提供在按本发明范围中运行的车辆。
在按本发明方法的能以小耗费实施的并且造成小运行成本的方案中,降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载的措施在点火变化之后在没有对此必要的车间访问的情况下结束。
如果接通或者断开车辆的点火,那么存在点火变化。
在按本发明方法的同样可简单执行的并且以小范围可在现有车辆系统中实施的方案中,为了降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载,由摩擦锁合的切换元件传递的转矩与运行状态有关地变化,为了降低处于摩擦锁合的切换元件区域中的打滑,传递的转矩例如可上升,或者为了降低到摩擦锁合的切换元件中的功率输入,传递的转矩可按需下降。
如果为了降低摩擦锁合的切换元件的负载而减小驱动装置的驱动力矩,那么到摩擦锁合的切换元件中的功率输入按简单的方式方法在没有明显损害车辆可用性的情况下可降低。
为了在尽可能小的范围中损害可由车辆的驾驶员期望的行驶特性,在按本发明方法的其它有利的方案中,根据摩擦锁合的切换元件的运行温度和/或当前在变速器中接合的传动比降低驱动装置的驱动力矩。这些处理方法又基于如下知识:随着摩擦锁合的切换元件的运行温度上升,到摩擦锁合的切换元件中的进一步的功率输入,与在摩擦锁合的切换元件的较小运行温度时的情况相比,能在更强的程度中降低,并且相应施加在摩擦锁合的切换元件的区域中的转矩随着传动比的上升而增大,并且同样又实现到摩擦锁合的切换元件中的较高的功率输入,该功率输入然后又仅通过驱动装置的驱动力矩的更强的降低而能在期望的范围中降低。
附图说明
由下面参考附图按原理说明的实施例得出按本发明主题的其它优点和有利的实施方式。其中:
图1显示车辆动力系统的大大简化的视图,该车辆动力系统具有两个驱动车轴;
图2显示后驱车辆的另一车辆动力系统的示意图;
图3显示按图2设置在车辆动力系统的驱动车轴的区域中的横向分动器的横截面图;
图4显示在运行时间t上按图1或图2的车辆动力系统的不同的运行状态参数的曲线。
具体实施方式
图1显示车辆动力系统1的示意图,该车辆动力系统具有驱动装置2、变速器3和从动装置4,该从动装置当前包括两个驱动车轴5、6。在此,在图中,车轴5是后轴并且车轴6是前轴。当然根据相应当前的应用情况,由技术人员决定,车轴5可以构成为车辆前轴并且车轴6可以构成为车辆后轴。
在变速器3的区域中,当前,多个用于前进行驶的传动比和至少一个用于倒退行驶的传动比能被构成,变速器3又能构成为有级自动变速器,或者也能构成为无级变速器。驱动装置2在变速器输入轴7的区域中与变速器3作用连接,而变速器3通过变速器输出轴8和与该变速器输出轴作用连接的万向轴12与后轴5的横向分动器9耦联。附加地,驱动装置2能通过摩擦锁合的切换元件10与车辆前轴6的横向分动器11处于作用连接,该切换元件10下面也称为全轮离合器,以便由驱动装置2相应提供的驱动力矩以0~50%分配度朝可驱动的前轴6的方向引导,该驱动力矩相应根据在变速器3区域中接合的或调节的传动比以相应转换的形式施加在变速器输出轴8的区域中。这意味着,根据相应在摩擦锁合的切换元件10的区域中调节的传递能力,在驱动装置2的区域中产生的驱动力矩在50%与100%之间由变速器输出轴8朝后轴5的方向传递。
变速器输出轴8与切换元件10的一个切换元件半部耦联,而摩擦锁合的切换元件10的另一个切换元件半部通过基本上在车辆纵向方向上延伸的轴13与前轴6的横向分动器11连接。车轮驱动轴16A、16B在横向分动器11与车轮6A、6B之间延伸,通过所述车轮驱动轴,施加在横向分动器11的区域中的转矩在车辆横向方向上朝车轮6A和6B的方向传递。在相同范围中,通过万向轴12输送至横向分动器9的转矩通过车轮驱动轴15A、15B在车辆横向方向上输送至后轴5的车轮5A、5B,以便能在期望的范围中驱动构成有车辆动力系统1的车辆。
后轴5的车轮5A、5B以及前轴6的车轮6A、6B的转速通过在车轮5A至6B区域中的转速传感器在测量技术上得出,变速器输出轴8的转速当前通过在车轮5A和5B的区域中求得的后轴5的转速以及横向分动器9的传动比进行计算。在此,由车轮5A和5B的转速确定平均转速,在该平均转速的基础上得出变速器输出轴8的转速。
图2显示车辆动力系统21的另一实施形式,该车辆动力系统同样构成有驱动装置22、变速器23和从动装置24。不同于车辆动力系统1,从动装置24仅包括一个驱动车轴25,该车轴又称为后轴。另一车轴26在当前观察的实施例中是前轴,车轴26不能通过驱动装置22驱动,但是在与车辆动力系统1的前轴6相同的范围中可转向地构成。
在后轴25的区域中设置图3详细显示的横向分动器29,该横向分动器29在冠状齿轮或齿轮32的区域中与变速器23的变速器输入轴27作用连接。横向分动器29的齿轮32或冠状齿轮与差速器壳33抗转动地连接,与平衡锥齿轮34A、34B抗转动地连接。锥齿轮35A、35B与平衡锥齿轮34A、34B啮合,所述锥齿轮35A、35B又与在车辆横向方向上延伸的车轮驱动轴36A、36B抗转动地连接。车轮驱动轴36A和36B在车辆横向方向上在横向分动器29与后轴25的车轮25A、25B之间延伸。在冠状齿轮32与车轮驱动轴36B之间设置摩擦锁合的切换元件30,通过该切换元件,冠状齿轮32能与车轮驱动轴36B抗转动地连接。
摩擦锁合的切换元件30当前是受调节的横向闭锁器,通过该横向闭锁器,包含差速器的横向分动器29的平衡功能可无级地降低,直至后轴25具有刚性轴的功能并且车轮25A和25B以相同的转速转动。
车轮25A和25B的转速当前通过设置在车轮25A和25B的区域中的车轮传感器按本身已知的方式在测量技术上得出,并且另外用于确定与横向分动器29作用连接的变速器输出轴28的转速。
不仅在万向轴12的区域中的断裂而且在车轮驱动轴15A或15B区域中的断裂导致,处于变速器输出轴8上的转矩不再能在车辆动力系统1的车轮5A和5B的区域中被支撑。在这种功能失灵的情况下,所有由驱动装置2提供的驱动力矩乘以当前在变速器3中调节的传动比,施加在摩擦锁合的切换元件10的与变速器输出轴8作用连接的切换元件半部上。
因为摩擦锁合的切换元件基于结构空间和成本原因不设计用于,在相应在变速器3中接合的传动比的情况下施加的高转矩可以朝前轴6的方向持久地且完全地传递,并且通过在车轮侧或从动侧确定变速器输出轴8的转速不能得出在车辆动力系统1的区域中的上述功能失灵,所以摩擦锁合的切换元件10随着运行时间的增加也许遭受不期望的高的功率输入,该功率输入可能造成在摩擦锁合的切换元件10的区域中不可逆的损害。
如果车轮驱动轴36A或者车轮驱动轴36B断裂并且变速器23的变速器输出轴28的施加在冠状齿轮32上的转矩在摩擦锁合的切换元件30闭合时按本身已知的方式不再能在后轴25的车轮25A和25B的区域中被支撑,那么也可能产生在横向分动器29的摩擦锁合的切换元件30的区域中不可逆的损害。为了避免在车辆动力系统24的区域中在刚刚说明的功能失灵的情况下的这种运行状态,将摩擦锁合的切换元件30的传递能力提高,并且由变速器输出轴28导入到横向分动器29的转矩通过仍能完全正常运行的车轮驱动轴36A或36B朝车轮25A或25B的方向引导。
因为横向分动器29的摩擦锁合的切换元件30从经济角度来看并且也为了限制横向分动器29的结构空间需求而仅仅构成有限的工作能力,所以可能性在于,在相应高的牵引力供应时,在摩擦锁合的切换元件30的区域中,随着运行时间的增加而产生不可逆的损害。这在车轮驱动轴36A或36B的区域中的这种功能失灵期间被促进,因为所述功能失灵不能通过在从动侧得出变速器输出轴8的转速而被识别。
由于在故障情况下不允许地高的并且通过变速器输出轴8或28施加在摩擦锁合的切换元件10或30上的转矩,摩擦锁合的切换元件10或30打滑地运行。这种打滑运行随着运行时间的增加导致在摩擦锁合的切换元件10或30的区域中运行温度的可能不允许的升高。为了避免在摩擦锁合的切换元件10或30的区域中的损害,并且同时为了在尽可能小的范围中影响构成有车辆动力系统1或21的车辆的可用性,建议下面借助于车辆动力系统1更详细说明的处理方式,在该处理方式期间,除了在从动侧确定变速器输出轴8的转速之外,变速器输出轴8的转速也根据变速器输入轴7的转速乘以当前在变速器3中调节的传动比得出。紧接着,把在从动侧确定的变速器输出轴8的转速与在变速器输入侧得出的变速器输出轴8的转速加以比较。
在变速器输出轴8的从动侧的转速与变速器输入侧的转速之间的转速差△n8大于阈值时,得出在变速器输出轴8与车轮5A、5B之间的功率流中的功能失灵。转速差△n8可以根据在车轮5A、5B的区域中在从动侧得出的变速器输出轴8的转速和在变速器输入侧得出的变速器输出轴8的转速来确定。在此,变速器输入轴的转速可以通过变速器输入轴传感器或者通过发动机转速传感器得出。
在车辆动力系统1的运行状态过程期间,在时刻T1探测到上面提到的功能失灵,该运行状态过程基于车辆动力系统1的不同的运行参数的在图4中显示的曲线。因为在时刻T1的转速差△n8超过了阈值△n8schwell,所以首先开始时间监控t△n8a,并且直至时刻T2检测,是否转速差△n8在预定义的时间段期间大于阈值△n8schwell。
在时刻T2满足这种要求。摩擦锁合的切换元件10的运行温度TE10在时刻T2小于界限值TE10grenz,所以车辆动力系统1继续在所要求的范围中运行。随着运行时间t的增加,摩擦锁合的切换元件10的运行温度TE10上升并且在时刻T3达到界限值TE10grenz。这导致,变速器保护功能被激活,该变速器保护功能的激活状态在图4中通过曲线GSM以图形描述。在时刻T3,曲线GSM从激活值0跳跃到激活值1。附加地,曲线ME也从状态值0变换到状态值1,这又触发了发动机干预并且引起随之而来地将驱动装置2的驱动力矩限制于可应用的转矩值,在该转矩值上,到摩擦锁合的切换元件10中的功率输入被限制,使得可靠地避免摩擦锁合的切换元件10的持久损害。驱动装置2的转矩的限制导致,不仅转速差△n8而且运行温度TE10都具有从时刻T3开始描述的曲线。
在另一时刻T4,运行温度TE10到达另一界限值TE10grenz1。该结果导致,开始另一时间监控t△n8b,并且监控,是否运行温度TE10在预定义的另一时间段上(在此,该时间段在时刻T5结束)持久地低于所述另一界限值TE10grenz1。因为这个检验准则在此在时刻T5被满足,所以变速器保护模式GSM结束,因此,曲线GSM又从激活值1跳跃到激活值0。同时,发动机干预也在时刻T5结束,所以曲线ME也从状态值1返回到状态值0。
用于限制到摩擦锁合的切换元件10或全轮离合器中的功率输入的上述处理方式能在相同范围中用于限制到横向分动器29的摩擦锁合的切换元件30中的功率输入。在此又计算,在摩擦锁合的切换元件30的区域中,在从动侧根据在车轮25A、25B的区域中得出的车轮转速确定的变速器输出轴28的转速与根据变速器输入轴27和在变速器23的区域中调节的传动比在变速器输入侧得出的变速器输出轴28的转速之间的转速差△n28。如果转速差△n28又超过阈值△n28schwell,那么在上述范围中又在时刻T1开始时间监控t△n28a,并且检验,是否转速差△n28在可应用的时间段上超过界限值△n28schwell。在检测结果为肯定时,附加地检验,是否摩擦锁合的切换元件30的运行时间TE30超过界限值TE30grenz。如果也满足这种前提条件,那么变速器保护模式GSM又被激活,并且同时执行发动机干预,以便由驱动装置22提供的驱动力矩限制于可应用的值,在该可应用的值时,避免摩擦锁合的切换元件30的不允许的负载。
如果摩擦锁合的切换元件30的运行温度TE30在可通过另一时间监控t△n28b监控的可应用的时间段上低于另一界限值TE30grenz1,那么变速器保护模式GSM并且通过其触发的发动机干预同样在上述范围中被撤回或解除。当前在时刻T5是这种情况。
附加地,可能性在于,在定义的行驶情况期间,例如在变速器3、23的运行状态(“空挡”)中,隐没转速差△n8、△n28的可信度检验,以避免错误地检测转速差△n8、△n28,在该运行状态期间,在变速器3、23的区域中力流中断。
另外,在已知的功能失灵时存在如下可能性:在变速器控制器中进行错误输入,并且除了上述的变速器保护措施之外还设定在车辆组合仪表中的报警,以便向驾驶员通知功能失灵并且允许以预定的力矩操纵全轮离合器。
总体而言,也存在如下可能性:在识别到不允许地高的负载、优选热负载时,将摩擦锁合的切换元件转换到完全断开的运行状态。
附图标记列表
1 车辆动力系统
2 驱动装置
3 变速器
4 从动装置
5 车轴、后轴
5A、5B 车轮
6 车轴、前轴
6A、6B 车轮
7 变速器输入轴
8 变速器输出轴
9 横向分动器
10 摩擦锁合的切换元件
11 横向分动器
12 万向轴
13 轴
15A、15B 车轮驱动轴
16A、16B 车轮驱动轴
21 车辆动力系统
22 驱动装置
23 变速器
24 从动装置
25 车轴、后轴
25A、25B 车轮
26 车轴、前轴
27 变速器输入轴
28 变速器输出轴
29 横向分动器
30 摩擦锁合的切换元件
32 齿轮、冠状齿轮
33 差速器壳
34A、34B 平衡锥齿轮
35A、35B 锥齿轮
36A、36B 车轮驱动轴
△n8 转速差
△n8schwell 阈值
t△n8a、t△n8a b 时间监控
△n28 转速差
△n28schwell 阈值
T1~T5 离散的时刻
t 运行时间
TE10、TE30 运行温度
TE10grenz、TE30grenz 阈值
TE10grenz1、TE30grenz1 另一阈值
GSM 变速器保护模式
ME 发动机干预。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于运行车辆动力系统(1)的方法,该车辆动力系统具有驱动装置(2)和变速器(3),设有摩擦锁合的切换元件(10),该切换元件的传递能力是可变的,并且至少一部分在车辆动力系统(1)中引导的转矩能通过该切换元件在与车辆的初级轴(5)传动连接的变速器输出轴(8)与车辆的次级轴(6)之间传递,其中,一个切换元件半部与变速器输出轴(8)作用连接,并且另一个切换元件半部与次级轴(6)作用连接,其特征在于,
变速器输出轴(8)的转速不仅根据初级轴(5)的转速而且根据变速器输入轴(7)的转速和当前在变速器(3)的区域中接合的传动比得出;并且
如果根据初级轴的转速得出的变速器输出轴(8)的转速和根据变速器输入轴的转速确定的变速器输出轴(8)的转速彼此相差得超过阈值(△n8schwell),和/或如果在摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的区域中的运行温度(TE10)超过界限值(TE10grenz),那么引入降低摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的负载的措施;
其中,在变速器输出轴(8)的在从动侧得出的转速与在变速器输入侧确定的转速之间的转速差(△n8)大于阈值(△n8schwell)时,得出在变速器输出轴(8)与初级轴(5)的车轮(5A、5B)之间的功率流中的功能失灵。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在根据初级轴(5)的转速得出的变速器输出轴(8)的转速与根据变速器输入轴的转速确定的变速器输出轴(8)的转速之间的转速差(△n8)大于或等于阈值(△n8schwell)的情况下,开始时间监控(t△n8a),如果转速差(△n8)长于预定的时间段地超过阈值(△n8schwell),才引入降低摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的负载的措施。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,如果运行温度(TE10)在时间监控(t△n8a)期间大于或等于界限值(TE10grenz),那么已经在预定的时间段结束之前引入降低摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的负载的措施。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的方法,其特征在于,在低于阈值(△n8schwell)时,将时间监控(t△n8)复位。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的方法,其特征在于,在低于阈值(△n8schwell)和界限值(TE10grenz)时,开始另一时间监控(t△n8b),如果转速差(△n8)长于另一预定的时间段地小于阈值(△n8schwell)并且摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的运行温度(TE10)小于或等于另一界限值(TE10grenz1),那么结束降低摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的负载的措施。
6.根据权利要求1至3之中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,降低摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的负载的措施在点火变化之后结束。
7.根据权利要求1至3之中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,为了降低摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的负载,改变由摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)传递的转矩。
8.根据权利要求1至3之中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,为了降低摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的负载,减小驱动装置(2)的驱动力矩。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,根据摩擦锁合的切换元件(10)的运行温度(TE10)和/或当前在变速器(3)中接合的传动比,降低驱动装置(2)的驱动力矩。
10.根据权利要求1至3之中任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,初级轴(5)的转速作为由左边的和右边的车轮(5A、5B)的转速得出的平均转速得出。
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