CN110003668A - 多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘及其制备方法 - Google Patents

多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110003668A
CN110003668A CN201910166725.0A CN201910166725A CN110003668A CN 110003668 A CN110003668 A CN 110003668A CN 201910166725 A CN201910166725 A CN 201910166725A CN 110003668 A CN110003668 A CN 110003668A
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朱健强
汤文龙
焦翔
樊全堂
尹进
崔自若
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Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of CAS
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Abstract

本发明提供一种多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘，通过在盘中产成气体或添加软质填充物或添加空心小球填充物在沥青盘中形成孔隙结构，不仅能在抛光时存储抛光粉颗粒，使抛光速率更为均匀，提高去除速率。抛光盘的多孔结构还具有容纳大粒径颗粒物或者抛光残屑的作用，有效降低了抛光表面粗糙度，并减少了抛光过程中产生划痕的可能性。另外通过蜡和塑料粉的添加调整沥青抛光盘的强度和韧性，使得抛光盘在稳定控制工件面形的同时，有效提高了抛光效率和工件的表面质量。

Description

多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘及其制备方法，尤其可以加工超光滑表面，属于抛光盘的技术领域。
背景技术
目前加工高表面质量的光学元件还是需要沥青抛光盘，它是将成品的光学沥青熔融，倒在平盘上面成型得到的。抛光时需要在在沥青盘面开槽，并在表面进行刮盘，以利于抛光表面存储抛光粉颗粒，从而快速均匀地抛光。由于沥青本身的流动性，导致沥青抛光盘每在加工一段时间后，都需要再次刮盘后才能继续使用，否则抛光盘表面会变得非常光滑，难以存储足够的抛光粉颗粒，导致抛光效率下降，甚至会导致抛光过程中抛光盘表面没有空隙容纳大粒径的颗粒物，使的工件表面的粗糙度上升甚至产生划痕，影响光学元件的表面质量。
发明内容
为解决上述难题，本发明提供一种具多孔结构的沥青抛光盘及其制备方法。以提供一种抛光效果好且抛光表面粗糙度低，不容易产生划痕的沥青抛光盘，且大大提高了抛光盘的连续工作时长。
为达到以上目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘，其特征在于，由如下原料组成：
抛光沥青，80-98重量份
填充物，1-15重量份
蜡，0-5重量份
塑料粉，0-10重量份。
所述填充物形成空隙结构，该空隙结构均匀分布在沥青抛光盘中，该空隙结构的孔径为0.05-3mm。
所述填充物为气体填充物、软质填充物、塑料空心小球中的一种或几种混合。
所述的填充物为气体填充物，软质填充物，塑料空心小球中的一种或几种混合，所述软质填充物为比沥青要软的聚合物海绵，聚合物泡沫粒子和乳胶颗粒的一种或几种的混合物，所述的气体填充物为碳酸氢钠热分解产生的二氧化碳气体。
所述聚合物为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，聚苯乙烯，聚丙烯中的一种或几种的混合物。
所述塑料空心小球的材料为聚苯乙烯，聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚氯乙烯中的一种或是几种的混合物。
一种多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤:
(1)成品抛光沥青的熔融，将抛光沥青放入恒温电炉中熔融，在60-180℃的温度下恒温熔融；
(2)将按上述比例称量好的填充物，蜡，塑料粉添加到熔融的抛光沥青中并搅拌均匀分布在沥青中；
(3)将预热至20-80℃的抛光平盘水平放置，并将步骤(2)得到的抛光沥青倾倒上去，冷却至室温固化，即得到沥青抛光盘。
本发明的有益效果：
1.本发明提供的沥青抛光盘抛光效率高，相比无孔隙结构的相同沥青制备的抛光盘，所有其他工艺参数一致的情况下，利用所述多孔沥青抛光盘加工光学元件时，抛光速率显著提升。
2.工件的抛光表面粗糙度低，抛光表面质量更好，利用所述多孔沥青抛光盘对比普通沥青抛光盘，在使用相同规格氧化铈抛光粉及相同工艺参数加工时，表面粗糙度显著下降，适用精密抛光。
3.抛光层的多孔结构使得盘面和工件的接触层面形成较为均匀致密的空隙，既能存贮抛光粉颗粒，提升抛光效率，均匀去除，还可以容纳大粒径的磨粒或杂质，有效降低抛光表面产生划痕的可能性。
附图说明
图1为具微孔结构的沥青抛光盘光学显微示意图。
图2为在两轴机上用实施例1所述抛光盘所加工的石英工件的表面粗糙度检测图，其中(a)为φ100石英工件表面中心区域的粗糙度检测图，(b)为其边缘区域的检测图。
图3是两轴机上用普通抛光盘所加工的石英工件的表面粗糙度检测图，作为对比。其中(a)为φ100石英工件表面中心区域的粗糙度检测图，(b)为其边缘区域的检测图。
具体实施方式
为清楚说明，下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步描述。
实施例1：
一种多孔结构的沥青抛光盘，采用如下原料制备：
抛光沥青(瑞士GUGOLZ光学沥青，73#)200g；
抛光平盘基板(铝)；
碳酸氢钠(中华试剂网，AR)2g；
蜡1g；
塑料粉(光学仪器十二厂)0.5g。
所述沥青抛光盘由以下方法制备，具体步骤包括：
(1)将所述73#抛光沥青恒温熔融在160℃。
(2)将抛光盘基板预热至60℃，并在周围缠一圈牛皮纸，高于板面2.5cm即可。
(3)在抛光沥青完全熔融后，将按上述重量的碳酸氢钠、塑料粉和蜡添加到步骤(1)得到的沥青中，并搅拌混合均匀，得到制备好的熔融抛光沥青。
(4)将步骤(3)得到的熔融沥青倾倒在抛光盘基板上，并自然冷却、固化后开槽，即可得到所述具多孔结构的沥青抛光盘。
实施例2：
一种多孔结构的沥青抛光盘，采用如下原料制备：
抛光沥青(瑞士GUGOLZ光学沥青，73#)200g；
抛光平盘基板(铝)；
聚苯乙烯泡沫粒子1g；
塑料粉(光学仪器十二厂)1g。
所述沥青抛光盘由以下方法制备，具体步骤包括：
(1)将所述73#抛光沥青恒温熔融在90℃。
(2)将抛光盘基板预热至60℃，并在周围缠一圈牛皮纸，高于板面2.5cm即可。
(3)在抛光沥青完全熔融后，将上述重量的泡沫粒子和塑料粉添加到(1)所述的沥青中，并搅拌混合均匀，得到制备好的熔融抛光沥青。
(4)将(3)所述熔融沥青倾倒在抛光盘基板上，并在自然冷却、固化后开槽，即可得到所述具多孔结构的沥青抛光盘
进行抛光实验时，采用实施例1所述沥青抛光盘对φ100的石英玻璃在两轴机上进行抛光加工。图1为抛光盘的光学显微图，并标定了微孔的孔径。图2中(a)和(b)为本实施例所述的抛光盘加工的工件的表面粗糙度检测图，对比图3中普通抛光盘加工出的工件表面粗糙度有显著改善。
根据辅料的不同添加种类和质量，见表格1，如实施例3。
表一 不同添加的辅料

Claims (8)

1.一种多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘，其特征在于，由如下原料组成：
抛光沥青，80-98重量份
填充物，1-15重量份
蜡，0-5重量份
塑料粉，0-10重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的沥青抛光盘，其特征在于，所述填充物形成空隙结构，该空隙结构均匀分布在沥青抛光盘中，该空隙结构的孔径为0.05-3mm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的沥青抛光盘，其特征在于，所述填充物为气体填充物、软质填充物、塑料空心小球中的一种或几种混合。
4.根据权利要求3所述的沥青抛光盘，其特征在于，所述的气体填充物为碳酸氢钠热分解产生的二氧化碳气体。
5.根据权利要求3所述的沥青抛光盘，其特征在于，所述的软质填充物为聚合物海绵，泡沫粒子和乳胶颗粒的一种或几种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求6所述的沥青抛光盘，其特征在于，所述的聚合物海绵为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，聚苯乙烯，聚丙烯中的一种或几种的混合物。
7.根据权利要求3所述的沥青抛光盘，其特征在于，所述的塑料空心小球为聚苯乙烯，聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚氯乙烯中的一种或是几种的混合物。
8.一种多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤:
(1)成品抛光沥青的熔融，将抛光沥青放入恒温电炉中熔融，在60-180℃的温度下恒温熔融，得到熔融的抛光沥青。
(2)将按权利要求1所述的多微孔结构的沥青抛光盘的比例称量好的填充物，蜡，塑料粉添加到熔融的抛光沥青中并搅拌均匀分布在沥青中；
(3)将抛光平盘预热至20-80℃，并将步骤(2)得到的抛光沥青倾倒上去，冷却至室温固化，即得到沥青抛光盘。
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CN111923306A (zh) * 2020-07-15 2020-11-13 江苏师范大学 一种光学整流罩抛光模的制作方法

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