CN109998100A - 一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其原料包括砀山酥梨，低级别煤，灭菌纯净水及复合酵素菌剂。本发明将微生物制备果蔬酵素与微生物降解煤炭生产富里酸的过程相结合，不仅大大降低了富里酸的生产成本，避免了化学工艺导致的环境污染，而且所得产品既含有药理保健作用的富里酸，又能补充人体日渐短缺的酵素生理活性物质和营养元素。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健品领域，涉及一种富含矿源富里酸酵素营养液的制备方法，具体涉及用酥梨和低级别煤制备富里酸酵素饮料、副产饲料添加剂和有机肥料的制备方法。
背景技术
酵素是人和动物体内自身合成的重要生理活性物质，俗称“酶”(Enzyme)，是维持体内新陈代谢、清除污染和毒性物质、活化生理机能及增强抗菌免疫功能的“生命素”。随着年龄的增长，体内合成的酶逐渐减少，以至导致亚健康、疾病丛生、加速衰老。因此，近年来通过人工发酵方法用果蔬制备酵素保健品、为人类和动物提供生理活性剂和营养，已成为保健品领域研发的热点。富里酸(通称“黄腐酸”)是从低级别煤(风化煤、褐煤、泥炭)中提取出来的一类富含活性官能团的芳香族羟基羧酸，属于天然高分子有机酸。几十年的大量研究成果证明，富里酸在动物体内具有消炎活血、抗病毒、提高免疫力、调节新陈代谢、促进微循环等作用，在防治心脑血管病、皮肤病、肠胃病、风湿和类风湿、糖尿病、高血压、抑制肿瘤及艾滋病等方面已有大量成功案例，在抗氧化、延缓衰老、护肤、美容等保健邻域也有广泛应用。
目前，食品保健用的富里酸主要是用酸、碱提取或氧化降解的化学方法制取，因工艺复杂、成本高昂和环境污染等问题而制约了进一步发展。用微生物降解煤炭的方法制取富里酸的技术仍未成熟。另外，生产酵素类营养剂微生物碳源和载体也均为采用糖类、蜂蜜，未见采用煤炭来源的胡敏酸、富里酸作载体的报道，也未见单一用酥梨为原料制备酵素的先例。涉及酵素的专利报道很多，但未见用煤炭作为载体和碳源，即使添加胡敏酸或富里酸之类的物质，也与发酵制备食用酵素无关。如CN107125661A报道的复合酵素粉的制备，采用了近30种水果和蔬菜原料，实际是用蜂蜜和甘薯作碳源和载体，未加低级别煤炭；CN107963922A尽管在制备浒苔酵素时添加了少量腐植酸和富里酸钾，但该技术属于制备有机肥料的范畴，而且腐植酸和富里酸钾是在浒苔发酵完成后才跟酵素肥料混合在一起的，显然并非是用腐植酸和黄腐酸作为菌群的碳源，而是作为肥料增效剂用的；另如CN106397033A(盐碱土修复剂)和103880487A(三合一肥料)等，都与CN107963922A的情况类似，腐植酸(胡敏酸)和富里酸均为附加物，与酵素菌类的生长繁殖无关。CN101407770A提供的技术尽管是用风化煤为培养基质，但其目的单纯是为了生产农用酵母菌。本发明用低级别煤(风化煤或褐煤)代替蜂蜜和糖类作为载体和碳源，发酵后将大分子煤和胡敏酸降解生成小分子的富里酸，使其构成酵素产品的一个重要组成组分。因此，即含胡敏酸的煤炭既是微生物生长繁殖所需的碳源，又是微生物降解胡敏酸生成富里酸的基础原料。本发明将微生物制备果蔬酵素与微生物降解煤炭生产富里酸的过程相结合，不仅大大降低了富里酸的生产成本，避免了化学工艺导致的环境污染，而且所得产品既含有药理保健作用的富里酸。本发明选用低级别煤(风化煤或褐煤)代替蜂蜜和糖类作为载体和碳源，发酵后将大分子煤和胡敏酸降解生成小分子的富里酸，使其构成酵素产品的一个重要组成组分。因此，即含胡敏酸的煤炭既是微生物生长繁殖所需的碳源，又是微生物降解胡敏酸生成富里酸的基础原料。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足，本发明以富含胡敏酸的低级别煤作为载体和碳源，以营养丰富、号称“维生素之王”的酥梨作为植物原料，旨在提供一种工艺简单、成本低廉、营养丰富、生理保健活性高的食用酵素营养液，同时其副产饲料添加剂和有机肥料也具有独特的高效、环保优势。
(二)技术方案
为制备上述酵素营养液，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其原料包括砀山酥梨，低级别煤，灭菌纯净水及复合酵素菌剂。
优选的，所述砀山酥梨40～60份，低级别煤10～20份，灭菌纯净水20～40份，复合酵素菌剂1～5份。
优选的，所述低级别煤为风化煤或褐煤，所述低级别煤有机质≥70％，胡敏酸≥50％，细度≤0.15mm。
优选的，所述复合酵素菌剂包括纳豆芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、酿酒酵母和复合果胶酶。
优选的，所述纳豆芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、酿酒酵母和复合果胶酶的配比比例为30～40:10～15:10～20:5～8。
优选的，酵素营养液的制备步骤包括：
(1)酥梨原料的预处理，选择优质酥梨，用纯净水洗净，切成小块，剔除梨核打成浆汁；
(2)装料与灭菌，将酥梨浆汁放入发酵罐中，放入适量灭菌后的纯净水，加入低级别煤粉，搅拌，用超声波灭菌处理20～30min；
(3)发酵：在罐中加入培养好的复合酵素菌剂，在常温(20～40℃)下发酵，前一个月内适当按压、搅拌和放气，防止霉变。发酵时间为4～7个月，产物pH≤4；
(4)分离，用真空过滤机或压滤机将发酵后的物料进行固液分离，将制备后的液体装入储罐，用超声波灭菌5～10min；
(5)储存，所得营养液应保存在无菌的冷藏贮罐中，储藏温度应低于5℃。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明将微生物制备果蔬酵素与微生物降解煤炭生产富里酸的过程相结合，不仅大大降低了富里酸的生产成本，避免了化学工艺导致的环境污染，而且所得产品既含有药理保健作用的富里酸，又能补充人体日渐短缺的酵素生理活性物质和营养元素，包括具有抗氧化活性的芳香族羧酸、维生素、氨基酸、多糖、醇酯类、肽类、多酚类、黄酮类、矿物元素、各种益生菌、过氧化氢酶等抗氧化成分，达到1+1>2的效果。
本发明工艺简单，成本低廉，无环境污染。低级别煤既是微生物的碳源和载体，又是生成富里酸的基础原料，所得产品富含具有活性官能团的芳香族羟基羧酸、生物酶及多种营养成分，在抗癌、降“三高”、防治心脑血管疾病和肠胃病、提高机体免疫力方面有独特医疗效果；同时，在抗氧化、抗衰老、活血化瘀、排毒养颜、减肥塑身、健脾助消化等方面也具有明显的保健功能。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其原料包括砀山酥梨，低级别煤，灭菌纯净水及复合酵素菌剂。酥梨40～60份，低级别煤10～20份，灭菌后纯净水20～40份，复合酵素菌剂1～5份。所用的酥梨为有机食品基地(不用化肥和农药)生产的、质量上乘、无腐烂变质的产品；低级别煤用风化煤或褐煤，要求有机质≥70％，胡敏酸≥50％，细度≤0.15mm；所用的复合酵素菌剂是纳豆芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、酿酒酵母和复合果胶酶，其比例为30～40:10～15:10～20:5～8。
实施例1：
挑选优质酥梨，用纯净水洗净，切成小块，剔除梨核，将40kg洗净的梨浆汁放入发酵罐中，再加含胡敏酸60％的褐煤粉15kg,加入25kg灭菌纯净水，使水面刚淹没梨块，开动搅拌，同时开启超声波进行灭菌处理30min。加入培养好的复合酵素菌剂2kg，不时搅匀，在25℃下发酵，18天后出现白色菌膜，pH＝5.2。发酵187天时pH＝3.6，产物气味清香，口感甜蜜，完成发酵过程。用真空过滤机过滤发酵物料，得液体物料53.4kg。将液体装入储罐，用超声波灭菌5min，取样进行质量检测，检测合格后，将其放入4℃左右的冷藏室保存。所得固体残渣23.1kg,也冷藏待用。
实施例2：
挑选优质酥梨，用纯净水洗净，切成小块，剔除梨核打成浆汁，将40kg洗净的梨块打成浆汁放入发酵罐中，再加含胡敏酸70％的风化煤粉13kg，加灭菌纯净水25kg,开动搅拌，同时开启超声波进行灭菌处理30min。加入培养好的复合酵素菌剂3kg，不时搅匀，在27℃左右发酵，12天后出现白色菌膜，pH＝4.6。发酵177天时pH＝3.1，产物气味清香，口感甜蜜，完成发酵过程。用真空过滤机过滤发酵物料，得液体物料54.3kg。将液体装入储罐，用超声波灭菌5min，取样进行质量检测，检测合格后，将其放入4℃左右的冷藏室保存。所得固体残渣22.5kg,也冷藏待用。
分离后的固体残渣也含有大量富里酸、胡敏酸、酵素和营养物质，可作为绿色生态饲料添加剂和有机肥料。湿残渣在常温下也容易霉变，在使用前需干燥或适当加工改性。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (7)
1.一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其特征在于，其原料包括砀山酥梨，低级别煤，灭菌纯净水及复合酵素菌剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述砀山酥梨40～60份，低级别煤10～20份，灭菌纯净水20～40份，复合酵素菌剂1～5份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述低级别煤为风化煤或褐煤，所述低级别煤有机质≥70％，胡敏酸≥50％，细度≤0.15mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述复合酵素菌剂包括纳豆芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、酿酒酵母和复合果胶酶。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述纳豆芽孢杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、酿酒酵母和复合果胶酶的配比比例为30～40:10～15:10～20:5～8。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备步骤包括：
(1)酥梨原料的预处理，选择优质酥梨，用纯净水洗净，切成小块，剔除梨核打成浆汁；
(2)装料与灭菌，将酥梨浆汁放入发酵罐中，放入适量灭菌后的纯净水，加入低级别煤粉，搅拌，用超声波灭菌处理20～30min；
(3)发酵：在罐中加入培养好的复合酵素菌剂，在常温(20～40℃)下发酵，前一个月内适当按压、搅拌和放气，防止霉变。发酵时间为4～7个月，产物pH≤4；
(4)分离，用真空过滤机或压滤机将发酵后的物料进行固液分离，将制备后的液体装入储罐，用超声波灭菌5～10min；
(5)储存，所得营养液应保存在无菌的冷藏贮罐中，储藏温度应低于5℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种含富里酸的酵素营养液及其制备方法，其特征在于，所述砀山酥梨为有机食品基地生产的、质量上乘、无腐烂变质的酥梨。
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| CN111513339A (zh) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-11 | 李忠军 | 一种富肽复方制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN112335804A (zh) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-09 | 宁波华颐生物科技有限公司 | 一种天然活性矿物质饮料的制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111411140A (zh) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-07-14 | 李忠军 | 一种富里酸及其制备方法 |
| CN111513339A (zh) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-11 | 李忠军 | 一种富肽复方制剂及其制备方法 |
| CN112335804A (zh) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-09 | 宁波华颐生物科技有限公司 | 一种天然活性矿物质饮料的制备方法 |
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