CN109964730A - A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof containing walnut beta pruning sawdust - Google Patents
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof containing walnut beta pruning sawdust Download PDFInfo
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- CN109964730A CN109964730A CN201910340728.1A CN201910340728A CN109964730A CN 109964730 A CN109964730 A CN 109964730A CN 201910340728 A CN201910340728 A CN 201910340728A CN 109964730 A CN109964730 A CN 109964730A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of edible fungi cultivation, and in particular to a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof containing walnut beta pruning sawdust.Mushroom cultivation substrate of the invention includes following material component by weight: weed tree sawdust 80~0, walnut beta pruning sawdust 1~81, wheat bran 18, the content of albumen in mushroom, polysaccharide, crude fibre and amino acid can be improved in gypsum 1, the present invention, increases the nutritional ingredient of mushroom, and promotes the mushroom mycelium speed of growth, shortens the purseful time, fruiting is early, and Dan Duogu increases again, profitable.It can solve the problems, such as that cultivating cost caused by because of broad-leaved wood chip valence height rises steadily, and may additionally facilitate the resource utilization of discarded walnut beta pruning sawdust simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of edible fungi cultivation, and in particular to can promote mushroom growth, raising fructification nutrient contains
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof containing walnut beta pruning sawdust of amount.
Background technique
Mushroom is a kind of domestomycetes, also known as mushroom, dried mushroom, and the reputation of " fungi queen " is known as since its is full of nutrition, is generation
The second largest edible mushroom in boundary.Ergosterol in mushroom can effectively prevent rickets, and lentinan can enhance cell immunocompetent, be
A kind of edible mushroom full of nutrition, medical value is high.
With economic fast development and the enhancing of people's health care consciousness, the nutrition of more and more people's growing interest mushroom
And medical value, the development of mushroom industry has been pushed significantly.However, the primary raw material wood raw material of mushroom culture is exhausted, production
Cost is high.
Much area, especially Hebei province are the big provinces of walnut plantation in China, and for cultivated area up to more than 300 ten thousand mu, beta pruning is wooden
Bits total amount may be up to 900,000 tons；Branch is rich in lignin, cellulose, is ground into sawdust and is suitable as edible fungus culturing raw material.
So far, the prior art there are no the report using walnut beta pruning sawdust as mushroom Bag Material formula.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, provide a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust and
Preparation method.Cultivating champignon cost rises steadily caused by it can be solved the problems, such as because of broad-leaved wood chip valence height, also has and promotes
Mushroom mycelium stalwartness fast-growth improves the characteristics of nutrient composition content in mushroom.
Purpose to realize the present invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust of the present invention, includes following material component by weight:
Weed tree sawdust 80~0, walnut beta pruning sawdust 1~81, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1；The sawdust is widely used broad-leaved wood chip.
Preferably, the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust includes following material component by weight:
Sawdust 15~30, walnut beta pruning sawdust 50~80, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1.
Preferably, the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust includes following material component by weight:
Sawdust 20, walnut beta pruning sawdust 61, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1.
A kind of preparation method of the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust, comprising the following steps:
A. weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning are ground into graininess with pulverizer, according to adding for weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust
Add ratio, two kinds of sawdusts are weighed up, and by its respective heap heap, sawdust is drenched in water drenching in turning, it is later, thin with plastics respectively
Film covers 18~24 hours, keeps weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust sufficiently drenched；Turning again every other day reaches drenched, by walnut
Beta pruning sawdust and weed tree sawdust mixing stirring, the amount that corresponding wheat bran and gypsum is added are mixed 15~25 minutes；
When b. adding water to water content in mixing process up to 60~75%, mixed material is packed, sterilizes 2 at 121 DEG C
It~4 hours, after sterilizing when bacterium bag temperature is in 50~60 DEG C, ships it in the low inoculation environment of bacteria containing amount, is cooled to 10
It is quickly inoculated at~15 DEG C.
Preferably, the step a is specifically, it is 5~10mm that weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning, which are ground into partial size, with pulverizer
Particle two kinds of sawdusts are weighed up according to the adding proportion of weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust, and by its respective heap heap, while turning over
Sawdust is drenched in the water drenching of heap side, and the volume ratio of clear water and sawdust is 3~4:1, later, small with plastic film covering 20~24 respectively
When, keep weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust sufficiently drenched；Turning again every other day makes the water content of sawdust up to 90~100%, reaches
Drenched, by walnut beta pruning sawdust and weed tree sawdust mixing stirring, the amount that corresponding wheat bran and gypsum is added is mixed 20~25
Minute.
Preferably, the preparation method of a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust, including following tool
Body step:
Walnut beta pruning is ground into the particle that partial size is 5~10mm with pulverizer, is impregnated 12~16 hours with clear water, makes wood
Bits are sufficiently drenched；Water is drained every other day, wheat bran and gypsum is added, batch mixer stirs 15~25 minutes, adds water to hand and hold and just drip
The degree of water is best, packs 121 DEG C and sterilizes 2 hours, and the temperature that bacterium bag is taken advantage of after sterilizing is high, ships it to the low oese of bacteria containing amount
It in border, is quickly inoculated with when being cooled to 10~15 DEG C, completes the preparation of mushroom cultivation substrate.
Preferably, it when the pack sterilizes, sterilizes twice under the conditions of aestival aspect is same.
The substantive distinguishing features outstanding and effect that the present invention has relative to existing skill:
1, the present invention is substrate culture mushroom using walnut beta pruning sawdust, cultivation caused by can solving because of broad-leaved wood chip valence height
The problem of cost rises steadily may additionally facilitate the resource utilization of discarded walnut beta pruning sawdust.
2, the content that albumen in mushroom, polysaccharide, crude fibre and amino acid can be improved increases the nutritional ingredient of mushroom, makes
The content for obtaining lentinan is higher than 1.8 times of control, and protein content is 1.1 times of control, and coarse-fibred content also greatly increases.
3, promote mushroom mycelium fast growing, robust growth, shorten the purseful time, fruiting is early, and Dan Duogu increases again, benefit
It is good.
4, raw material of the present invention is easy to get, and production cost is low, has a extensive future, to promoting Walnut Industry and mushroom industry
Development has very big facilitation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the growth conditions of mushroom mycelium in control medium in test experiments 1；
Fig. 2 is the growth conditions that mushroom mycelium in 1 culture medium is formulated in test experiments 1；
Fig. 3 is the growth conditions that mycelia in 2 culture mediums is formulated in test experiments 1；
Fig. 4 is the growth conditions that mycelia in 3 culture mediums is formulated in test experiments 1；
Fig. 5 is the growth conditions that mycelia in 4 culture mediums is formulated in test experiments 1.
Specific embodiment:
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust of invention includes following material by weight
Component: weed tree sawdust 80~0, walnut beta pruning sawdust 1~81, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1；The sawdust is widely used broad-leaved wood chip.
Preferably, the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust includes following material component by weight:
Sawdust 15~30, walnut beta pruning sawdust 50~80, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1.
Preferably, the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust includes following material component by weight:
Sawdust 20, walnut beta pruning sawdust 61, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1.
A kind of preparation method of the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust, comprising the following steps:
A. weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning are ground into graininess with pulverizer, according to adding for weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust
Add ratio, two kinds of sawdusts are weighed up, and by its respective heap heap, sawdust is drenched in water drenching in turning, it is later, thin with plastics respectively
Film covers 18~24 hours, keeps weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust sufficiently drenched；Turning again every other day reaches drenched, by walnut
Beta pruning sawdust and weed tree sawdust mixing stirring, the amount that corresponding wheat bran and gypsum is added are mixed 15~25 minutes；
When b. adding water to water content in mixing process up to 60~75%, mixed material is packed, sterilizes 2 at 121 DEG C
It~4 hours, after sterilizing when bacterium bag temperature is in 50~60 DEG C, ships it in the low inoculation environment of bacteria containing amount, is cooled to 10
It is quickly inoculated at~15 DEG C.
Preferably, the step a is specifically, it is 5~10mm that weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning, which are ground into partial size, with pulverizer
Particle two kinds of sawdusts are weighed up according to the adding proportion of weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust, and by its respective heap heap, while turning over
Sawdust is drenched in the water drenching of heap side, and the volume ratio of clear water and sawdust is 3~4:1, later, small with plastic film covering 20~24 respectively
When, keep weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust sufficiently drenched；Turning again every other day makes the water content of sawdust up to 90~100%, reaches
Drenched, by walnut beta pruning sawdust and weed tree sawdust mixing stirring, the amount that corresponding wheat bran and gypsum is added is mixed 20~25
Minute.
Preferably, the preparation method of a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust, including following tool
Body step:
Walnut beta pruning is ground into the particle that partial size is 5~10mm with pulverizer, is impregnated 12~16 hours with clear water, makes wood
Bits are sufficiently drenched；Water is drained every other day, wheat bran and gypsum is added, batch mixer stirs 15~25 minutes, adds water to hand and hold and just drip
The degree of water is best, packs 121 DEG C and sterilizes 2 hours, and the temperature that bacterium bag is taken advantage of after sterilizing is high, ships it to the low oese of bacteria containing amount
It in border, is quickly inoculated with when being cooled to 10~15 DEG C, completes the preparation of mushroom cultivation substrate.
When the pack sterilizes, sterilize twice under the conditions of aestival aspect is same.To guarantee to completely remove miscellaneous bacteria.
Reference examples:
80 parts of sawdust, 1 part of walnut beta pruning sawdust, 18 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum.
Embodiment 1
60 parts of sawdust, 21 parts of walnut beta pruning sawdust, 18 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum.
Embodiment 2
40 parts of sawdust, 41 parts of walnut beta pruning sawdust, 18 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum.
Embodiment 3
20 parts of sawdust, 61 parts of walnut beta pruning sawdust, 18 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum.
Embodiment 4
0 part of sawdust, 81 parts of walnut beta pruning sawdust, 18 parts of wheat bran, 1 part of gypsum.
A kind of preparation method pulverizer of the cultivating champignon base containing walnut beta pruning sawdust of the present invention is by walnut beta pruning powder
It is broken into the particle that partial size is 5~10mm, is impregnated 12~16 hours with clear water, keeps sawdust sufficiently drenched；Water is drained every other day, is added
Wheat bran and gypsum, batch mixer stir 15~25 minutes, and adding water to hand, to hold the degree just dripped best, and it is small to pack 121 DEG C of sterilizings 2
When (aestival aspect sterilizes twice under the conditions of, to completely remove miscellaneous bacteria), the temperature that bacterium bag is taken advantage of after sterilizing is high, ships it to bacteria containing amount
It in low inoculation environment, is quickly inoculated with when being cooled to 10~15 DEG C, to reduce the intrusion of miscellaneous bacteria, can effectively reduce contamination rate.
Test experiments 1
Using plate performance rate method, influence of the walnut beta pruning sawdust to the mushroom mycelium speed of growth is detected, prepares 5 according to table 1
Kind different culture medium 1L, pH are natural.Culture medium 30ml is added in quantitative culture ware, after culture medium solidification, will be bought in stone
The fungus block of the three-level cultivar of village city Bei Kang edible mushroom Science and Technology Ltd., family is inoculated into the center of plate, 25 DEG C in incubator
Culture 5 days measures colony diameter, calculates the average daily speed of growth.
1 different culture medium formula of table
As can be seen from Table 2, the relevant mycelial growth rate of 4 processing of formula is most fast, better than any other processing.As seen from Figure 1,
It is formulated the robust growth, closely knit of 1~4 mushroom mycelium compared with the control, illustrates that walnut sawdust and weed tree sawdust can provide mushroom growth
Required carbon nitrogen source.Formula 1 is compared with formula 2, and the mycelia growth of 2 walnut sawdusts of formula is more healthy and stronger, but the speed of growth is worse than and matches
1 (table 2) of side；Formula 3 is formulated 4 speed of growth not only fast (table 2), and mycelia robust growth compared with formula 4.Comprehensive bacterium
The silk speed of growth and robustness, carbon nitrogen source needed for walnut sawdust is more able to satisfy mushroom mycelium growth, it is ensured that robust growth.
The average daily speed of growth of 2 mycelia of table
Test effect experiment 2
The cultivating in bag of mushroom is carried out according to the different ratios of raw materials in Examples 1 to 4 and reference examples；Test mushroom kind
For the three-level cultivar in production, it is purchased from Shijiazhuang City Bei Kang edible mushroom Science and Technology Ltd..By the original seed of three-level cultivar in
It is accessed in Bag Material under aseptic condition, is put in 23~26 DEG C, bacterium germination under conditions of being protected from light.Measure the average daily growth speed of Bag Material mycelia
Degree, the results are shown in Table 3, with reference examples compared with the average daily speed of growth of the mycelia of embodiment 3 fastly, purseful time, fruiting it is earliest；Embodiment
4 indices are slightly worse than embodiment 3, illustrate that walnut sawdust can substitute the growth condition that broad-leaved wood chip carries out mushroom completely,
Application value with popularization.
The mycelial growth rate of the different Bag Material formula mushrooms of table 3, purseful time, fruiting time
Test effect experiment 3
In test effect experiment 2 after bacteria stick mycelia purseful, annesl, polybag is removed, according to the standard of business before parachute-opening
Mushroom is acquired, Dan Duochong, bacteria cover diameter, cap thickness are measured, counts single bag of yield and biological transformation ratio.It the results are shown in Table 4, implement
Example 3 is handled most preferably, and Dan Duochong, bacteria cover diameter, cap thickness, single bag of yield and biological transformation ratio are superior to other formulas, cap
And the ratio of fructification is also maximum, and edible part proportion in good taste is big.
The fruiting number of days and Dan Duochong of 4 different disposal of table
Test effect experiment 4
Test effect experiment 3 in mushroom be acquired, measure different formulations mushroom fruiting body in crude fibre, protein,
The content difference of polysaccharide and fat.By table 5 as it can be seen that embodiment 3 has in terms of improving lentinan, protein, crude fiber content
There is very big advantage to be superior to control and other formulas.
The nutritional ingredient of 5 different disposal mushroom of table compares
Test effect experiment 5
Test effect experiment 3 in mushroom be acquired, measure mushroom fruiting body in amino acid content, by table 6 as it can be seen that
Tryptophan in mushroom, threonine, leucine, egg can be improved to also having a certain impact in terms of amino acid in the addition of walnut sawdust
The content of propylhomoserin and histidine, wherein embodiment 3 can effectively improve amino acid content in mushroom.
6 different disposal mushroom aminoacid ingredient of table compares (mg/100g)
A kind of mushroom cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof containing walnut beta pruning sawdust of the present invention can promote mushroom mycelium raw
Long quick, robust growth, shortens the purseful time, and fruiting is early, and Dan Duogu increases again, profitable.
And raw material of the present invention is easy to get, and production cost is low, has a extensive future, to promotion Walnut Industry and mushroom industry
Development have very big facilitation.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust, characterized in that by weight include following material component:
Weed tree sawdust 80~0, walnut beta pruning sawdust 1~81, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1；The sawdust is widely used broad-leaved wood chip.
2. the mushroom cultivation substrate as described in claim 1 containing walnut beta pruning sawdust, characterized in that include by weight with
Lower material component: sawdust 15~30, walnut beta pruning sawdust 50~80, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1.
3. the mushroom cultivation substrate as described in claim 1 containing walnut beta pruning sawdust, characterized in that include by weight with
Lower material component: sawdust 20, walnut beta pruning sawdust 61, wheat bran 18, gypsum 1.
4. a kind of a kind of preparation method of the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust described in claim 1, feature
Be the following steps are included:
A. weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning are ground into graininess with pulverizer, according to weed tree sawdust and the addition ratio of walnut beta pruning sawdust
Example, two kinds of sawdusts are weighed up, and by its respective heap heap, in turning, sawdust is drenched in water drenching, later, is covered respectively with plastic film
Lid 18~24 hours, keep weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning sawdust sufficiently drenched；Turning again every other day reaches drenched, by walnut beta pruning
Sawdust and weed tree sawdust mixing stirring, the amount that corresponding wheat bran and gypsum is added are mixed 15~25 minutes；
When b. adding water to water content in mixing process up to 60~75%, mixed material is packed, it is small in 121 DEG C of sterilizings 2~4
When, after sterilizing when bacterium bag temperature is in 50~60 DEG C, ships it in the low inoculation environment of bacteria containing amount, be cooled to 10~15 DEG C
When be quickly inoculated with.
5. a kind of preparation method of the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that
The step a is specifically, be ground into the particle that partial size is 5~10mm for weed tree sawdust and walnut beta pruning with pulverizer, according to weedtree
The adding proportion of bits and walnut beta pruning sawdust, two kinds of sawdusts are weighed up, and by its respective heap heap, in turning, sawdust is drenched in water drenching
Thoroughly, the volume ratio of clear water and sawdust is 3~4:1, later, is covered 20~24 hours with plastic film respectively, makes weed tree sawdust and core
Peach beta pruning sawdust is sufficiently drenched；Turning again every other day makes the water content of sawdust up to 90~100%, reaches drenched, by walnut beta pruning
Sawdust and weed tree sawdust mixing stirring, the amount that corresponding wheat bran and gypsum is added are mixed 20~25 minutes.
6. a kind of preparation method of the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that
Comprising the following specific steps
Walnut beta pruning is ground into the particle that partial size is 5~10mm with pulverizer, is impregnated 12~16 hours with clear water, fills sawdust
Divide drenched；Water is drained every other day, wheat bran and gypsum is added, batch mixer stirs 15~25 minutes, adds water to hand and holds and has just dripped
Degree is best, packs 121 DEG C and sterilizes 2 hours, and the temperature that bacterium bag is taken advantage of after sterilizing is high, ships it to the low inoculation environment of bacteria containing amount
In, it is quickly inoculated with when being cooled to 10~15 DEG C, completes the preparation of mushroom cultivation substrate.
7. a kind of preparation method of the mushroom cultivation substrate containing walnut beta pruning sawdust as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that
When the pack sterilizes, sterilize twice under the conditions of aestival aspect is same.
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