CN109937817A - A kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method - Google Patents
A kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Specifically a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer of the present invention, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, solves the problems, such as that water consumption is big, blindness excessive fertilization, fertilization ratio is unreasonable, water and fertilizer utilization rate is low and straw decomposing causes wheat yield to fluctuate slowly.A, wheat target yield, yield of Summer Corn and readily available nutrient of soil amount are collected；B, amount of nutrients needed for 100kg wheat seed, summer maize straws npk nutrient content, nutrient mineralization rate, harvest index, soil nutrient supply amount；Wheat seed nutrient content, chemical fertilizer utilization ratio determine；C, summer maize straws returning to the field amount, C/N nitrogen requirement, bring amount of nutrients into, wheat seed, amount of nutrients and target output are brought in irrigation into that amount of nutrients is needed to calculate；D, wheat precisely and fertilizing calculation of fertilization amount；E, base is applied before nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is sowed imposes with breeding time；F, fine-spraying belt is laid with to spray.The present invention, which realizes saving irrigation model and precisely subtracts, applies synergy unification, the culture fertility requirement synchronous with continuously steady production high yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wheat water-saving precision fertilizer practices, specifically a kind of small under the conditions of corn stover total crop return
Wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method.
Background technique
Wheat is the third-largest cereal crops in China, 3.6 hundred million mu of annual planting area or so.In recent years, China farmland organic fertilizer
Sowing amount is greatly decreased, and causes the topsoil content of organic matter to reduce, physicochemical character is deteriorated.Straw-returning, which has become increase soil, to be had
Machine matter content promotes agricultural land soil fertility, improves the main path of physicochemical character, is greatly promoted crop yield raising.
Discovery is measured and investigated by Wheat Growing Soils nutrient, and Wheat Production exists as following drawbacks: first is that topsoil soils fertility
It is relatively low；Second is that peasant pursues high yield, blindness excessive fertilization；Third is that n p k fertilizer proportion is unreasonable；Fourth is that method of application is single
It is extensive；It causes corn stover decomposed slow fifth is that fertilization mode is not scientific, influences to cultivate Winter-Spring strong sprout, yield level fluctuates
The problem of.
Trace it to its cause: first is that Peasants in Scientific fertilising knowledge and technology lack, fertilising is pushed away mainly by experience and means of agricultural production sale family
It recommends, causes dose and Application Ratio not scientific, unreasonable, the weak phenomenon of seedling Huang seedling is frequent occurrence；Second is that many fertilizer practices are former
It manages and complicated for operation, causes peasant to be difficult to receive, be not available；Third is that indiscriminately imitating nonlocal fertilizer practice, technology and soil fertilizer are caused
Power, tillage control measure, ecoclimate are incompatible, and technical effect is poor and unstable；Fourth is that cannot be according to fertilizer properties and high crop yield
Regulation of fertilizer requirement fertilising, blindly applies fertilizer；The problem of being spread fertilizer over the fields fifth is that fertilizer is taken, mating broad irrigation, causing pollution of area source.
Summary of the invention
The present invention there are water consumptions in order to solve existing Wheat Production big, blindness excessive fertilization, fertilization ratio be unreasonable,
The problem of water and fertilizer utilization rate is low and straw decomposing causes wheat yield to fluctuate slowly provides a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer
Precisely subtract and applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation
Culture method takes following steps: a, collecting determining wheat target yield, summer corn grain yield and topsoil soils available nutrient
Content；B, be determined to following parameters: amount of nutrients needed for production 100kg wheat seed, summer maize straws npk nutrient contain
Amount, topsoil soils nutrient supply amount；Wheat seed nutrient content, summer maize straws nutrient mineralization rate, chemical fertilizer this season utilization rate,
Summer corn harvest index and wheat cultivation amount；C, following parameters are calculated: summer maize straws returning to the field amount, summer maize straws
C/N nitrogen requirement, summer maize straws bring amount of nutrients into, and wheat seed brings amount of nutrients, irrigation and rainwater into and brings amount of nutrients and target into
Yield needs amount of nutrients；D, then following parameters are calculated: wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount and fertilizing dose；E, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer
It takes the preceding base of sowing to apply to impose with breeding time；F, fine-spraying belt is laid with to spray.
Water-saving irrigation and chemical fertilizer are precisely applied combination by the present invention, chemical fertilizer are precisely applied and reasonable efficient method of administration
In conjunction with, will improve fertilizer utilization efficiency with culture fertility in conjunction with, realize chemical fertilizer precisely subtract apply, culture fertility, construct strong sprout group
Body, synchronous a kind of light simple fertilizing method of giving stable high yields irrespective of drought or water logging overcome existing Wheat Production there are water consumptions big, blindly excessive apply
The problem of fertilizer, fertilization ratio is unreasonable, water and fertilizer utilization rate is low and straw decomposing is slow, and wheat yield is caused to fluctuate.
The crop of the nearly 3 years wheats in plot is collected, is the wheat target in the current year with three annual yield volume increase 3%
Yield, YTarget=[(Y1+Y2+Y3)/3] × 1.03, wherein YTargetFor the target output of this plot wheat, Y1、Y2And Y3It is first 3 years
The actual cut yield of wheat；Summer corn grain yield is the summer corn grain yield in the plot current year；Topsoil soils are quick-acting
Nutrient content choose any year nearly 3 years 0-20cm soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium content.
Amount of nutrients needed for production 100kg wheat seed is that the average value obtained is tested according to multiple years, N 2.96kg,
P2O5For 1.21kg, K2O is 3.11kg；The content of N is 0.506%, P in summer maize straws npk nutrient content2O5Content
For 0.38%, K2The content that the content of O is 1.31%, C is 45.35%；Topsoil soils nutrient supply amount is according to multiple years
Test obtains, wheat season soil be averagely 5.88kg/ mus for N, P2O5It is 2.66kg/ mus, for K2O is 7.16kg/ mus；Wheat Species
The content of N is 2.25%, P in sub- nutrient content2O5Content be 0.78%, K2The content of O is 1.78%；Summer maize straws are supported
Point mineralization rate is obtained according to test, and wheat season mineralising release rate nitrogen is 72.3%, phosphorus 89.3%, potassium 81.2%；Chemical fertilizer
Nitrogenous fertilizer is 46.13% in this season utilization rate, phosphate fertilizer 18.62%, potash fertilizer 54.72%；Summer corn harvest index is according to more
Year multispots trial obtains, harvest index 0.465；Wheat cultivation amount is 12.5kg/ mus.
Chemical fertilizer this season utilization rate is that microspray irrigation base manure is spread fertilizer over the fields under summer maize straws returning to the field, under breeding time water-fertilizer integral
It obtains, can be used as wheat this season plant recovery of nutrient under microspray irrigation and directly use.
Summer maize straws returning to the field amount=summer corn grain yield/summer corn harvest index-summer corn grain yield；Xia Yu
C/N is adjusted to 25:1, nitrogen requirement=summer maize straws returning to the field amount × (summer maize straws nitrogen phosphorus by 89.6 in rice stalk C/N nitrogen requirement
N content in C content -25 × summer maize straws npk nutrient content in potassium nutrition content)/25；Summer maize straws bring nutrient into
Amount=summer maize straws returning to the field amount × summer maize straws npk nutrient content × summer maize straws nutrient mineralization rate；Wheat Species
Subband enters amount of nutrients=wheat cultivation amount × wheat seed nutrient content；Amount of nutrients=river water nutrient content × filling is brought in irrigation into
Water, rainwater bring amount of nutrients=rainfall × block area into；Target output needs amount of nutrients=wheat target yield × production
Amount of nutrients/100 needed for 100kg wheat seed.
Wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount=(target output needs amount of nutrients-summer maize straws to bring amount of nutrients-topsoil soils nutrient into
Supply amount-wheat seed, which brings amount of nutrients-irrigation into and brings amount of nutrients-rainwater into, brings amount of nutrients into)/nutrient this season utilization rate；Fertilizing
Tree Precise Fertilization amount=wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount × soil fertility Lifting Coefficients, soil fertility Lifting Coefficients are by topsoil soils available nutrient content
Determining.
The determination of wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount is proposed based on precipitation and output equilibrium principle, with Wheat Production
On the basis of nutrient drag-out, need to obtain nutrient (including the seed that every production 100kg wheat seed is taken away by multiple years
With stalk etc.), and the factor for entering soil nutrient is more, and obtaining data needs to carry out tillage test, acquires more data and anti-
Review card and obtain, as wheat season corn stover bring into amount of nutrients, topsoil soils nutrient supply amount, microspray irrigation plant recovery of nutrient,
Wheat seed brings that amount of nutrients, amount of nutrients is brought in irrigation into and rainwater brings amount of nutrients into.
Tree Precise Fertilization amount of increasing fertilizer is stepped up based on soil fertility, realizes the theory of Sustainable high yield volume increase, and chemical fertilizer is precisely applied
It is proposed with topsoil soils available nutrient comprehensive analysis, soil fertility Lifting Coefficients are contained based on 0-20cm topsoil soils available nutrient
Amount and culture fertility consider as a whole and determine, specific soil fertility Lifting Coefficients see the table below 1.
The soil fertility Lifting Coefficients of 1 npk nutrient of table
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is taken the preceding base of sowing to apply and is imposed with breeding time, the specific steps are as follows: the nitrogenous fertilizer base amount of applying=summer corn
+ 1.5kg/ mus of stalk C/ nitrogen requirement, spreads fertilizer over the fields when broadcasting preplanting treatment, and remaining nitrogenous fertilizer presses mass fraction in jointing stage and pustulation period
It is applied than 2:1 using microspray irrigation water-fertilizer integral；The 60% of phosphorus potash fertilizer amount of application is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure, and remaining phosphorus potash fertilizer presses matter
Amount portion rate 1:1 is imposed in the phase of standing up and jointing stage using water-fertilizer integral.
Jointing stage generally refers to March 25 to April 5；Pustulation period refers to after wheat flower 10-15 days；Phase of standing up is general
Refer to early March.
Radix heap selects urea, phosphate fertilizer that Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (level-one, 18-64), potash fertilizer is selected to select potassium chloride；Top dressing nitrogen
Fertilizer selection urea, dedicated water soluble phosphorous fertilizer or potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be selected for phosphate fertilizer or Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is substantially soluble in water and precipitates
Or applied after filtering, potash fertilizer selects potassium chloride.
It is laid with the micro- spray in oblique 5 hole or 7 holes the specific steps are fine-spraying belt specification for diameter 40mm that fine-spraying belt is sprayed
Band is laid with interval 2.4 ± 0.1m, 60 ± 5m of length, inhales fertilization method using Development of Venturi Fertilizer Applicator or pump and imposes fertilizer.
The present invention is precisely applied with chemical fertilizer as starting point, and wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer precisely subtracts under integrated maize straw
High-yield high-efficiency cultivation method is applied, saving irrigation model is realized and precisely subtracts and apply synergy unification, culture fertility and continuously steady production high yield are same
The requirement of step meets the policy of China's modern agriculture " it is basic that a control two subtracts three " and " chemical fertilizer zero growth rate ".
Through to 35 peasant family plot fertilising and wheat yield carry out on-site inspection, averagely apply it is N17.7kg/ mus pure,
P2O58.0kg/ mus, K24.4kg/ mus of O, wheat average product is 462.2kg/ mus；And use the micro- spray of wheat of the present invention
Filling chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, subtracts and applies 2.01kg/ mus of purity nitrogen, subtracts and apply P2O50.38kg/ mus, subtract and apply K2O
1.17kg/ mus, fertilizer total amount, which subtracts, applies 3.36kg/ mus, and amount of decrease 11.16%, average product is 524.8kg/ mus, average compared with peasant household
62.6kg/ mus of volume increase, amount of increase in production 13.5%.
Specific embodiment
A kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, takes following steps: a, to collect determination small
Wheat target output, summer corn grain yield and topsoil soils available nutrient content；B, following parameters are determined: production
Amount of nutrients needed for 100kg wheat seed, summer maize straws npk nutrient content, topsoil soils nutrient supply amount；Wheat seed
Nutrient content, summer maize straws nutrient mineralization rate, chemical fertilizer this season utilization rate, summer corn harvest index and wheat cultivation amount；C, right
Following parameters are calculated: summer maize straws returning to the field amount, summer maize straws C/N nitrogen requirement, and summer maize straws bring amount of nutrients into,
Wheat seed, which brings amount of nutrients, irrigation and rainwater into and brings amount of nutrients and target output into, needs amount of nutrients；D, then to following parameters into
Row calculates: wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount and fertilizing dose；E, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is taken the preceding base of sowing to apply and is imposed with breeding time；f,
Fine-spraying belt is laid with to spray.
The crop of the nearly 3 years wheats in plot is collected, is the wheat target in the current year with three annual yield volume increase 3%
Yield, preceding 3 years wheat yields are respectively 512.5kg/ mus, 498.9kg/ mus and 523.6kg/ mus, and wheat target yield=
(512.5+498.9+523.6)/3 × 1.03=527.0kg/ mus；Summer corn grain yield is 597.5kg/ mus；Wheat cultivation
Preceding 0-20cm topsoil soils available nutrient content is alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 51.32mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 13.02mg/kg, available potassium
137.4mg/kg。
Amount of nutrients needed for production 100kg wheat seed is that the average value obtained is tested according to multiple years, N 2.96kg,
P2O5For 1.21kg, K2O is 3.11kg；The content of N is 0.506%, P in summer maize straws npk nutrient content2O5Content
For 0.38%, K2The content that the content of O is 1.31%, C is 45.35%；Topsoil soils nutrient supply amount is according to multiple years
Test obtains, wheat season soil be averagely 5.88kg/ mus for N, P2O5It is 2.66kg/ mus, for K2O is 7.16kg/ mus；Wheat Species
The content of N is 2.25%, P in sub- nutrient content2O5Content be 0.78%, K2The content of O is 1.78%；Summer maize straws are supported
Point mineralization rate is obtained according to test, and wheat season mineralising release rate nitrogen is 72.3%, phosphorus 89.3%, potassium 81.2%；Chemical fertilizer
Nitrogenous fertilizer is 46.13% in this season utilization rate, phosphate fertilizer 18.62%, potash fertilizer 54.72%；Summer corn harvest index is according to more
Year multispots trial obtains, harvest index 0.465；Wheat cultivation amount is 12.5kg/ mus.
Summer maize straws returning to the field amount=597.5/0.465-597.5=687.4kg/ mus；Summer maize straws C/N nitrogen requirement
Middle C/N is adjusted to 25:1, nitrogen requirement=687.4 × (45.35%-25 × 0.506%)/25=9kg/ mus by 89.6；Summer corn straw
Stalk brings amount of nutrients=summer maize straws returning to the field amount × summer maize straws npk nutrient content × summer maize straws nutrient mineralization into
Rate, purity nitrogen=687.4 × 0.506% × 72.3%=2.51kg/ mus, P2O5=687.4 × 0.38% × 89.3%=
2.33kg/ mus, K2O=687.4 × 1.31% × 81.2%=7.31kg/ mus；Wheat seed brings amount of nutrients=wheat cultivation into
Amount × wheat seed nutrient content, N=12.5 × 2.25%=0.31kg/ mus, P2O5=12.5 × 0.78%=0.098kg/
Mu, K2O=12.5 × 1.78=0.22kg/ mus；Amount of nutrients=river water nutrient content × irrigation quantity is brought in irrigation into, and rainwater is brought into
Amount of nutrients=rainfall × block area, because this plot uses grou1ndwater irrigation, contained N P and K is very low, therefore pours water and bring into
Amount of nutrients it is negligible；In non-thunderstorm season, bringing nutrient into also be can be neglected for wheat growth stage rainfall many places, that is, be filled
Irrigating and bringing amount of nutrients into rainwater is 0kg/ mus；Target output needs amount of nutrients=wheat target yield × production 100kg wheat seed
Required amount of nutrients/100, N=527.0 × 2.96/100=15.6kg/ mus pure, P2O5=527.0 × 1.21/100=6.40kg/
Mu, K2O=527 × 3.11/100=16.39kg/ mus.
Wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount=(target output needs amount of nutrients-summer maize straws to bring amount of nutrients-topsoil soils nutrient into
Supply amount-wheat seed, which brings amount of nutrients-irrigation into and brings amount of nutrients-rainwater into, brings amount of nutrients into)/nutrient this season utilization rate, N=
(15.6-5.88-2.51-0.31-0-0)/0.4613=14.96kg/ mus, P2O5=(6.40-2.66-2.33-0.098-0-
0)/0.1862=7.05kg/ mus；K2/ 0.5472=3.11kg/ mus of O=(16.39-7.31-7.16-0.22-0-0)；Fertilizing
Tree Precise Fertilization amount=wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount × soil fertility Lifting Coefficients, N=14.96 × 1.05=15.71kg/ mus, P2O5=
7.05 × 1.10=7.76kg/ mus, K2O=3.11 × 1.05=3.27kg/ mus, soil fertility Lifting Coefficients are quick-acting by topsoil soils
What nutrient content determined.
Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is taken the preceding base of sowing to apply and is imposed with breeding time, the specific steps are as follows: the nitrogenous fertilizer base amount of applying=9+1.5
It=10.5kg/ mus, is spread fertilizer over the fields when broadcasting preplanting treatment, remaining nitrogenous fertilizer is in jointing stage and pustulation period by mass parts ratio 2:1 using micro-
Water-fertilizer integral of spraying applies, and the jointing stage (April 3) uses 3.47kg/ mus of microspray irrigation water-fertilizer integral nitrogen topdressing, converts into urine
7.48kg/ mus plain, 1.74kg/ mus of nitrogen topdressing of pustulation period (May 12) converts into urea 3.75kg/ mus；Phosphorus potash fertilizer amount of application
60% spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure, remaining phosphorus potash fertilizer is chased after in the phase of standing up and jointing stage using water-fertilizer integral by mass parts ratio 1:1
It applies, spreads fertilizer over the fields P before broadcasting2O54.66kg/ mus, K21.96kg/ mus of O, phosphate fertilizer Diammonium phosphate (DAP) (18-46), amount of application is
10.1kg/ mus, Potassium Fertilizer potassium chloride, content 60%, 3.27kg/ mus of amount of application, Yu Qishen phase and jointing stage are chased after by 1:1
It applies, wherein stand up the phase (March 8), jointing stage (April 3) respectively impose P using microspray irrigation water-fertilizer integral2O51.55kg/ mu and
K20.66kg/ mus of O, apply dedicated Water soluble fertilizer or potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
It is laid with the micro- spray in oblique (5,5 or 7) hole the specific steps are fine-spraying belt specification for diameter 40mm that fine-spraying belt is sprayed
Band is laid with interval (2.3,2.45,2.5) m, length (55,63,65) m and uses Development of Venturi Fertilizer Applicator.
In specific implementation process, this plot (November 20) before overwintering is poured water 50m using microspray irrigation3/ mu, stands up the phase
(March 8) microspray irrigation is poured water 20m3/ mu, jointing stage (April 3) microspray irrigation are poured water 30m3/ mu and pustulation period (May 12) are micro-
Pour water 20m3/ mu；Yu Dongqian (November 15) chemical weed control is primary, Yu Wuyue 20 days and spray in 28 days one May three proofings each one
It is secondary.When harvest, being surveyed production (being converted into water content 13%) is 534.8kg/ mus, and 3 annual yield increase production 4.51kg/ mus earlier above,
Higher than target output.
Parameters can be quoted directly or be redeterminated within 5 years primary in step b.
River water nutrient content is obtained according to practical measurement；Irrigation quantity=draw water discharge of pump × irrigation time；Nutrient
This season utilization rate=(this season fertilization area crop absorb certain amount of nutrients-certain nutrient area crop of discomfort absorbs certain amount of nutrients)/it applies
Enter certain amount of nutrients, is the routine techniques of soil and fertilizer.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, it is characterised in that: take following steps: a, receipts
Collect and determines wheat target yield, summer corn grain yield and topsoil soils available nutrient content；B, following parameters are determined:
Amount of nutrients needed for producing 100kg wheat seed, summer maize straws npk nutrient content, topsoil soils nutrient supply amount；Wheat
Seed nutrient content, summer maize straws nutrient mineralization rate, chemical fertilizer this season utilization rate, summer corn harvest index and wheat cultivation amount；
C, calculate following parameters: summer maize straws returning to the field amount, summer maize straws C/N nitrogen requirement, summer maize straws bring nutrient into
Amount, wheat seed, which brings amount of nutrients, irrigation and rainwater into and brings amount of nutrients and target output into, needs amount of nutrients；D, then to following parameters
It is calculated: wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount and fertilizing dose；E, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is taken the preceding base of sowing to apply and is imposed with breeding time；f,
Fine-spraying belt is laid with to spray.
2. a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer according to claim 1, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, feature exists
In: the crop of the nearly 3 years wheats in plot is collected, is the wheat target yield in the current year with three annual yield volume increase 3%,
YTarget=[(Y1+Y2+Y3)/3] × 1.03, wherein YTargetFor the target output of this plot wheat, Y1、Y2And Y3For preceding 3 years wheats
Actual cut yield；Summer corn grain yield is the summer corn grain yield in the plot current year；Topsoil soils available nutrient contains
Amount choose any year nearly 3 years 0-20cm soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium content.
3. a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer according to claim 1, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, feature exists
In: amount of nutrients needed for production 100kg wheat seed is to test the average value obtained, N 2.96kg, P according to multiple years2O5For
1.21kg K2O is 3.11kg；The content of N is 0.506%, P in summer maize straws npk nutrient content2O5Content be
0.38%, K2The content that the content of O is 1.31%, C is 45.35%；Topsoil soils nutrient supply amount is tried according to multiple years
Test and obtain, wheat season soil averagely for N be 5.88kg/ mus, P2O5It is 2.66kg/ mus, for K2O is 7.16kg/ mus；Wheat seed
The content of N is 2.25%, P in nutrient content2O5Content be 0.78%, K2The content of O is 1.78%；Summer maize straws nutrient
Mineralization rate is obtained according to test, and wheat season mineralising release rate nitrogen is 72.3%, phosphorus 89.3%, potassium 81.2%；Chemical fertilizer is worked as
Nitrogenous fertilizer is 46.13% in season utilization rate, phosphate fertilizer 18.62%, potash fertilizer 54.72%；Summer corn harvest index is according to for many years
Multispots trial obtains, harvest index 0.465；Wheat cultivation amount is 12.5kg/ mus.
4. a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer according to claim 1, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, feature exists
In: summer maize straws returning to the field amount=summer corn grain yield/summer corn harvest index-summer corn grain yield；Summer maize straws
C/N is adjusted to 25:1, nitrogen requirement=summer maize straws returning to the field amount × (summer maize straws npk nutrient by 89.6 in C/N nitrogen requirement
N content in C content -25 × summer maize straws npk nutrient content in content)/25；Summer maize straws bring amount of nutrients=summer into
Maize straw amount × summer maize straws npk nutrient content × summer maize straws nutrient mineralization rate；Wheat seed is brought into feeding
Component=wheat cultivation amount × wheat seed nutrient content；Amount of nutrients=river water nutrient content × irrigation quantity, rainwater are brought in irrigation into
Bring amount of nutrients=rainfall × block area into；Target output needs amount of nutrients=wheat target yield × production 100kg wheat seed
Amount of nutrients/100 needed for grain.
5. a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer according to claim 1, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, feature exists
In: wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount=(target output needs amount of nutrients-summer maize straws to bring amount of nutrients-topsoil soils nutrient supply amount-into
Wheat seed, which brings amount of nutrients-irrigation into and brings amount of nutrients-rainfall into, brings amount of nutrients into)/nutrient this season utilization rate；Fertilizing Tree Precise Fertilization
Amount=wheat Tree Precise Fertilization amount × soil fertility Lifting Coefficients, soil fertility Lifting Coefficients are determined by topsoil soils available nutrient content.
6. a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer according to claim 1, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, feature exists
In: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is taken the preceding base of sowing to apply and is imposed with breeding time, the specific steps are as follows: the nitrogenous fertilizer base amount of applying=summer maize straws C/
It+1.5kg/ mus of nitrogen requirement, is spread fertilizer over the fields when broadcasting preplanting treatment, remaining nitrogenous fertilizer is adopted in jointing stage and pustulation period by mass parts ratio 2:1
It is applied with microspray irrigation water-fertilizer integral；The 60% of phosphorus potash fertilizer amount of application is spread fertilizer over the fields as base manure, and remaining phosphorus potash fertilizer presses mass parts ratio
1:1 is imposed in the phase of standing up and jointing stage using water-fertilizer integral.
7. a kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer according to claim 1, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, feature exists
In: be laid with fine-spraying belt spray the specific steps are fine-spraying belt specification be diameter 40mm oblique 5 hole or 7 hole fine-spraying belts, be laid with
It is spaced 2.4 ± 0.1m, 60 ± 5m of length, fertilization method is inhaled using Development of Venturi Fertilizer Applicator or pump and imposes fertilizer.
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| CN111034442A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 安徽农业大学 | Method for precisely fertilizing pear trees |
| CN111226711A (en) * | 2020-03-28 | 2020-06-05 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Photo-thermal water-fertilizer efficient cultivation method for wheat and corn double-cropping crop rotation area |
| CN115062778A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-09-16 | 中国农业大学 | Corn seeding quantity decision method based on soil organic matter content |
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