CN108575239A - A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio - Google Patents
A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108575239A CN108575239A CN201810040131.0A CN201810040131A CN108575239A CN 108575239 A CN108575239 A CN 108575239A CN 201810040131 A CN201810040131 A CN 201810040131A CN 108575239 A CN108575239 A CN 108575239A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- fertilizer
- wheatland
- yield
- wheat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
Abstract
The invention discloses it is a kind of improve Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio nitrogen fertilizer applying method, 1）Situation is planted according to the history in plot, the general status of region determines yield level：2）Determine plot soil fertility level：In winter wheat sowing plot, topsoil soils sample is acquired；Soil K+adsorption is then carried out, detection organic matter, full nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen obtain soil nutrient detected value, determine soil productivity level；3）Fertilising：Deep ploughing basal dressing before sowing, high, medium soil fertility wheatland applies 25 30 jin of urea per acre, low yield wheatland applies 30 40 jin of urea per acre, and each 25 30 jin of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in wheatland；In jointing stage top dressing of standing up, high, medium soil fertility wheatland applies 25 30 jin of urea per acre, low yield wheatland applies 30 40 jin of urea per acre；4）It pours water：Pour water 50 60 m per acre in the jointing stage of standing up, fertilising3；If encountering the rainfall less time, increases by 1 time in booting florescence and pour water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the chemical nitrogen fertilizer nutrient managements during Wheat Production, more particularly, to a kind of raising winter wheat nitrogen
The fertilizing method of fertile utilization ratio.
Background technology
Nitrogen is required nutrient in crop growth, and the contribution rate in increases in grain production is up to 45% left side
It is right.Wheat is the important cereal crops in China, is occupied an important position in the national economy production in China.Although small area
High yield creates the per unit area yield record that winter wheat has been continuously improved, but the raising of its yield depend on a large amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, it is artificial and
The input of other resources.China's amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer in 2015 accounts for global 30% or more up to 33,000,000 tons.In the past 10 years, global
Nitrogen fertilizer amount increases 11M tons, and China accounts for 54%.Amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer increases to 57 M tons in 2010 from 37 M tons of nineteen ninety, increases
55% has been grown, and grain yield only increases by 28%.
Excessive nitrogenous fertilizer input both improves production cost in agricultural production, also increases the residual of nitrogen in soil, leaching
It washes and nitrous oxide（N2O）The volatilization of isothermal chamber gas leads to soil and groundwater pollution, atmosphere pollution, climate warming, agricultural and sideline
A series of excessively high ecologies of product residue amount and safety problem.In the case where keeping grain yield, fertilizer utilization efficiency is improved
It is the effective way of Support Resource sustainable use.For this purpose, agri-scientific research worker have developed it is a series of be intended to improve wheat nitrogen
The technology of plain utilization ratio.For example, soil fertility index method, target output method of completing the square and nitrogen diagnosis essence amount application technique etc.
Deng, above-mentioned background technology or remains in by traditional mode of production experience or by complicated soil, make analyte detection progress
N-fertilizer management instructs or is confined to recommended fertilizer under the conditions of same soil fertility, therefore agriculture cannot be effectively instructed in produce reality
The people are applied fertilizers scientifically using the relevant technologies.The Plain of Huanghua Area is China wheat main producing region, and soil fertility, the quality of area's soil are changeable, most
Multiple N-fertilizer management problems such as farmland N-fertilizer management is also more extensive, and nitrogenous fertilizer input is excessive, insufficient or time of adding deviates,
Cause utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer relatively low.
Invention content
The present invention is in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of according to the winter wheat yields guidance different soil fertility soil level winters
The method of wheat nitrogen application quickly, conveniently, effectively to winter wheat fertilizer amount can provide science and technology guidance, effectively reduce nitrogenous fertilizer
Amount of application improves fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduces Wheat Production cost.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention：
A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio, includes the following steps：
1）Situation is planted according to the history in plot, the general status of region determines yield level：
Using yield is divided into 3 grades by the average value of wheat yield as the yield level in the region in a region in nearly 2-3,
It is High-yield Wheat Fields when the average value of wheat yield is more than 500kg/ mus in a region in 2-3；
When in 2-3 in a region average value of wheat yield be more than 300kg/ mu, be less than 500kg/ mus when, for middle production wheatland；
It is low yield wheatland when the average value of wheat yield is less than 300kg/ mus in a region in 2-3；
2）By following step, plot soil fertility level is determined：
A, sampling：Selection can replace locality wheat yield plot before winter wheat sowing, along S type routes, according to " random ",
The principle of " equivalent ", " multiple spot mixing ", the sampled point of each sample 15-20, acquires topsoil soils sample, is stayed according to quartering
Take 1 kg samples；
B, soil nutrient detection：Soil sample is air-dried at gravity-flow ventilation, is rejected stone and impurity, is then carried out Soil K+adsorption, detection has
Machine matter, full nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, obtain soil nutrient detected value, determine soil fertility level：Organic matter is less than 10 g ﹒ kg-1, full nitrogen
Less than 0.5 g ﹒ kg-1, it is low land power wheatland；Organic matter 10-18 g ﹒ kg-1, total nitrogen content be 0.5-1.0 g ﹒ kg-1, for mediumly
The horizontal wheatland of power；Organic matter is more than 18 g ﹒ kg-1, nitrogenous be higher than 1.0 g ﹒ kg-1, it is high soil fertility wheatland；
3）Fertilising：
A, base manure：Deep ploughing before sowing, high, medium soil fertility wheatland applies 25-30 jins of urea per acre, low yield wheatland applies urea 30- per acre
40 jin, each 25-30 jins of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in ploughing through wheatland, is then harrowed, field of grinding wheat, to achieve the purpose that mixing fertilizer；
B, top dressing：In-the jointing stage of standing up, high, middle soil fertility wheatland imposes 25-30 jins of urea per acre, low yield wheatland imposes urine per acre
It is 30-40 jins plain；
4）It pours water：
In-the jointing stage of standing up, pour water 50-60 m per acre when fertilising or after fertilising3；If encountering the rainfall less time, opened in booting-
Florescence, which increases by 1 time, pours water, and pour water 40-50 m per acre3。
When basal dressing, since the simple nitrogen of application, phosphorus, potash fertilizer relatively takes a lot of work, time-consuming, can preplant treatment nitrogen, phosphorus,
Potassium content is than the composite fertilizer for 15-15-15.Base manure and jointing stage top dressing optimal proportion are 5:5.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1, the present invention improves the nitrogen fertilizer applying method of Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio, overcomes traditional soil testing and fertilizer recommendation period length, expense
Have the characteristics that easy to operate, easy popularization, expense are low by once measuring soil nutrient content with high unfavorable factor.Have simultaneously
Help the defect that peasant breaks away from empiric fertilization, applied science fertilizing method.
2, the present invention improves the nitrogen fertilizer applying method of Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio, is measured by reasonable plot nutrient, with
And rational dose is used, it is effectively guaranteed the requirement of different soil fertility wheatland wheat growths, utmostly reduces wave
Take, reduces production cost, realize winter wheat nitrogen and launch on demand, chemical nitrogen fertilizer utilization ratio is obviously improved.
3, the present invention improves the nitrogen fertilizer applying method of Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio, using according to winter wheat different output water
Flat recommended fertilizer, by carrying out fertilizing systems toward annual output, has in the case of measuring soil nutrient and easily promotes, takes
With low feature.In the case that yield only reduces 1-3% while ensureing yield, wilfully 35%-49% can be improved in force of labor to nitrogenous fertilizer.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Influence schematic diagram of the nitrogenous fertilizer Dressing ratios to wheat yield.
Specific implementation mode
Below by specific implementation mode, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The present invention improves the nitrogen fertilizer applying method of Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio, includes the following steps：
1）Situation is planted according to the history in plot, the general status of region determines yield level：
Using yield is divided into 3 etc. by the average value of wheat yield as the yield level in the region in a region in nearly 2-3
Grade is High-yield Wheat Fields when the average value of wheat yield is more than 500kg/ mus in a region in 2-3；When one in 2-3
It is middle production wheatland when the average value of wheat yield is more than 300kg/ mus, is less than 500kg/ mus in region；When a ground in 2-3
It is low yield wheatland when the average value of wheat yield is less than 300kg/ mus in domain；
2）By following step, plot soil fertility level is determined：
A, sampling：Selection can replace locality wheat yield plot before winter wheat sowing, along S type routes, according to " random ",
The principle of " equivalent ", " multiple spot mixing ", the sampled point of each sample 15-20, acquires topsoil soils（0-20 cm）Sample is pressed
1 kg samples are left and taken according to quartering；
B, soil nutrient detection：Soil sample is air-dried at gravity-flow ventilation, is rejected stone and impurity, is then carried out Soil K+adsorption, detection has
Machine matter, full nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, obtain soil nutrient detected value, determine soil productivity level：
Organic matter is less than 10 g ﹒ kg-1, full nitrogen be less than 0.5 g ﹒ kg-1, it is low soil fertility level wheatland；Organic matter 10-18 g ﹒ kg-1、
Total nitrogen content is 0.5-1.0 g ﹒ kg-1, it is medium soil fertility level wheatland；Organic matter is more than 18 g ﹒ kg-1, nitrogenous be higher than 1.0 g ﹒ kg-1, it is high soil fertility level wheatland；
3）Fertilising：
A, base manure：Deep ploughing before sowing（Topsoil 25-30cm）, high, medium soil fertility level wheatland applies 25-30 jins of urea, low yield per acre
Wheatland applies 30-40 jins of urea, phosphate fertilizer per acre（Double superhosphate）, potash fertilizer（Potassium sulfate）Each 25-30 jins is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in ploughing through wheat
Field is then harrowed, field of grinding wheat, to achieve the purpose that mixing fertilizer；
B, top dressing：In-the jointing stage of standing up（On March -20 on the 10th）, high, medium soil fertility level wheatland imposes urea 25-30 per acre
Jin, low yield wheatland impose 30-40 jins of urea per acre.Urea is directly spread fertilizer over the fields, and pour water 50-60 m per acre after fertilising3；
4）It pours water：
In the rainfall more time, stand up-jointing stage fertilising when pour water per acre 50-60 m3；If it is more juvenile to encounter rainfall
Part, in booting-florescence（On April -30 on the 15th）Increase by 1 time and pour water, pour water 40-50 m per acre3。
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment improves the nitrogen fertilizer applying method of Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio, difference from example 1 is that：Base manure
It is 5 with jointing stage proportion of additional fertilizer:5, it, can be since the simple nitrogen of application, phosphorus, potash fertilizer relatively takes a lot of work, time-consuming when basal dressing
Preplant treatment nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are than the composite fertilizer for 15-15-15.
The normal year jointing stage fills 1 water, and dry year increases by 1 time in florescence pours water.
Following each embodiments are that the experiment for the nitrogen fertilizer applying method that the present invention improves Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio is implemented.
Embodiment 3
It tests and was carried out in the Henan Wen County towns Zhao Bao in 2010-2016 years, RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 3 repetitions, 2.5 m of plot area
×6 m.It is material to be tested to select wheat breed Henan wheat 49-198.Wheat Growing Soils quality is clay loam, and 0 ~ 20 cm topsoils contain
18.12 g ﹒ kg of machine matter content-1, complete 1.12 g ﹒ kg of nitrogen-1, 19.97 mg ﹒ kg of nitrate nitrogen content-1, 22.07 mg ﹒ kg of rapid available phosphorus-1, 157.07 mg ﹒ kg of available potassium-1, the soil weight be 1.23 g ﹒ cm3.4 nitrogen amount applieds 0,180,240 and 300 are set altogether
Kg ﹒ hm2.Fertilizing method is during nitrogenous fertilizer 1/2 is made to plough after base manure is spread fertilizer over the fields before broadcasting and buries, and 1/2 pours water after the jointing stage spreads fertilizer over the fields.It removes
Outside nitrogenous fertilizer, often handles and also apply phosphate fertilizer（P2O5）120 kg ﹒ hm2And potash fertilizer（K2O）120 kg ﹒ hm2All make base manure application.For examination
Nitrogen fertilizers are urea, and phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.It pours water respectively 1 time in jointing stage and florescence, every time
Pour water 750 m3/hm2, water meter Controlled irrigation amount.It is sowed-20 days on the 12nd annual October, 30-June 8 May of next year receives
It obtains, the field management of breeding time is carried out by High-yield Wheat production technology regulation.
Influence of the different nitrogen amount applieds of table 1 to wheat yield（Kg ﹒ hm2）
Above-mentioned high nitrogen processing（N240 and N300）Respectively with Nitrogen applications（N180）Compare, result is：2010-2016 annual outputs point
It Zeng Jia by 1.7% and 5.5%, 0.5% and 3.9%, 1.0% and 3.2%, 2.1% and 7.5%, 1.4% and -0.6%, 1.4% and 8.8%.
Above-mentioned wheat different year determination of yield the results are shown in Table 1.
Influence of the different nitrogen amount applieds of table 2 to nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor
Above-mentioned high nitrogen processing（N240 and N300）Respectively with Nitrogen applications（N180）Compare, result is：2010-2016 nitrogenous fertilizer is inclined
Productivity declines 38.1% and 58.0%, 32.7% and 60.5%, 32.0% and 61.6%, 30.7% and 55.0%, 31.5% and respectively
67.7%, 31.5% and 53.2%.
Wilfully force of labor measurement result is shown in Table 2 to above-mentioned wheat different year nitrogenous fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
It tests and was carried out in Zhengzhou, henan city in 2010-2016 years, RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 3 repetitions, 2.9 m × 7 of plot area
m.It is material to be tested to select wheat breed Henan wheat 49-198.Wheat Growing Soils quality is sand loam, and 0 ~ 20 cm topsoils contain organic matter
17.40 g ﹒ kg of content-1, complete 0.89 g ﹒ kg of nitrogen-1, 14.74 mg ﹒ kg of nitrate nitrogen content-1, 18.83 mg ﹒ kg of rapid available phosphorus-1, speed
Imitate 140.28 mg ﹒ kg of potassium-1, the soil weight be 1.28 g ﹒ cm3.4 nitrogen amount applieds 0,180,240 and 300 kg ﹒ are set altogether
hm2.Fertilizing method is during nitrogenous fertilizer 1/2 is made to plough after base manure is spread fertilizer over the fields before broadcasting and buries, and 1/2 pours water after the jointing stage spreads fertilizer over the fields.It denitrogenates
It is fertile outer, it often handles and also applies phosphate fertilizer（P2O5）120 kg ﹒ hm2And potash fertilizer（K2O）120 kg ﹒ hm2All make base manure application.For trying nitrogen
Fertile kind is urea, and phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.It pours water 1 time in jointing stage and florescence, fills every time respectively
750 m of water3/hm2, water meter Controlled irrigation amount.It is sowed-20 days on the 12nd annual October, 30-June 8 May of next year receives
It obtains, the field management of breeding time is carried out by High-yield Wheat production technology regulation.
Influence of the different nitrogen amount applieds of table 3 to wheat yield（Kg ﹒ hm2）
Above-mentioned high nitrogen processing（N240 and N300）Respectively with Nitrogen applications（N180）Compare, result is：2010-2016 annual outputs point
It Zeng Jia -1.9% and -6.5%, 3.4% and 2.4%, 9.3% and -6.0%, 13.5% and 0.7%, 3.1% and -3.3%, 2.2% and 0.1%.
Above-mentioned wheat different year determination of yield the results are shown in Table 3.
Influence of the different nitrogen amount applieds of table 4 to nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor
Above-mentioned high nitrogen processing（N240 and N300）Respectively with Nitrogen applications（N180）Compare, result is：2010-2016 nitrogenous fertilizer is inclined
Productivity declines 26.4% and 43.9%, 22.4% and 38.5%, 18.0% and 43.6%, 14.9% and 39.6%, 22.7% and respectively
42.0%, 23.4% and 40.0%.
Wilfully force of labor measurement result is shown in Table 4 to above-mentioned wheat different year nitrogenous fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
It tests and was carried out in Kaifeng city in 2014-2017 years, RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 3 repetitions, 15 m × 6 of plot area
m.It is material to be tested to select wheat breed Henan wheat 49-198.The experimental plot soil texture is sand, and 0 ~ 20 cm topsoils contain containing organic matter
Measure 8.30 g ﹒ kg-1, complete 0.53 g ﹒ kg of nitrogen-1, 8.20 mg ﹒ kg of nitrate nitrogen content-1, 7.43 mg ﹒ kg of rapid available phosphorus-1, available potassium
98.21 mg ﹒ kg-1, the soil weight be 1.57 g ﹒ cm3.4 nitrogen amount applieds 0,180,240 and 300 kg ﹒ hm are set altogether2.Fertilising
Method is during nitrogenous fertilizer 1/2 is made to plough after base manure is spread fertilizer over the fields before broadcasting and buries, and 1/2 pours water after the jointing stage spreads fertilizer over the fields.In addition to nitrogenous fertilizer, often locate
Reason also applies phosphate fertilizer（P2O5）120 kg ﹒ hm2And potash fertilizer（K2O）120 kg ﹒ hm2All make base manure application.It is for examination nitrogen fertilizers
Urea, phosphate fertilizer are double superhosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.It pours water respectively 1 time in jointing stage and florescence, pours water 750 every time
m3/hm2, water meter Controlled irrigation amount.It is sowed-20 days on the 12nd annual October, the harvest on 30-June 8 May of next year, fertility
The field management of phase is carried out by High-yield Wheat production technology regulation.
Influence of the different nitrogen amount applieds of table 5 to wheat yield
Above-mentioned nitrogen processing（N240 and N300）Respectively with Nitrogen applications（N180）Compare, result is：2014-2017 annual outputs are distinguished
Increase by 32.6% and 28.1%, 8.0% and 3.3%, 3.8% and -1.4%.
Above-mentioned wheat different year determination of yield the results are shown in Table 5.
Influence of the different nitrogen amount applieds of table 6 to nitrogenous fertilizer wilfully force of labor
Above-mentioned high nitrogen processing（N240 and N300）Respectively with Nitrogen applications（N180）Compare, result is：2014-2017 nitrogenous fertilizer is inclined
Productivity declines 0.5% and 23.1%, 19.0% and 38.0%, 22.2% and 40.8% respectively.
Wilfully force of labor measurement result is shown in Table 6 to above-mentioned wheat different year nitrogenous fertilizer.
Embodiment 6
It tests and was carried out in Zhengzhou, henan city in 2016-2017 years, RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 3 repetitions, 2.9 m × 7 of plot area
m.It is material to be tested to select wheat breed Henan wheat 49-198.Wheat Growing Soils quality is sand loam, and 0 ~ 20 cm topsoils contain organic matter
17.66 g ﹒ kg of content-1, complete 0.91 g ﹒ kg of nitrogen-1, 14.47 mg ﹒ kg of nitrate nitrogen content-1, 18.58 mg ﹒ kg of rapid available phosphorus-1, speed
Imitate 144.86 mg ﹒ kg of potassium-1, the soil weight be 1.27 g ﹒ cm3.The time of infertility applies 180 kg ﹒ hm of nitrogen2, 10 are arranged altogether:0、7:3、
5:5、3:7、0:10 5 Dressing ratios example processing.In addition to nitrogenous fertilizer, often handles and also apply phosphate fertilizer（ P2O5）120 kg ﹒ hm2And potash fertilizer
（K2O）120 kg ﹒ hm2All make base manure application.It is urea for examination nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate, and potash fertilizer is sulfuric acid
Potassium.It pours water respectively 1 time in jointing stage and florescence, pour water 750 m every time3/hm2, water meter Controlled irrigation amount.October 12 in 2016
Day sowing, on May 30th, 2017 harvest, and the field management of breeding time is carried out by High-yield Wheat production technology regulation.
Above-mentioned Dressing ratios 5:5 processing（N 5:5）Respectively with Dressing ratios 10:0、7:3、3:7 and 0:10（N 10:0、N 7:3、N
3:7 and N 0:10）Compare, result is：Yield increases separately 36.5%, 13.0%, 9.5% and 23.7%.
Above-mentioned wheat different year determination of yield the result is shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 7
It tests and was carried out in 3 points of the Henan Wen County towns Zhao Bao, Zhengzhou City and Kaifeng in 2012-2016 years, RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, 3
Secondary repetition.Select wheat breed all using Henan wheat 49-198 as material to be tested.The basic physicochemical character of soil is the same as embodiment 1, implementation
Example 2 and embodiment 3, Henan Wen County and Zhengzhou are per 180 kg ﹒ hm of cell nitrogen fertilizer application2, break a seal per 240 kg ﹒ hm of cell nitrogen fertilizer application2,
Fertilizing method is during nitrogenous fertilizer 1/2 is made to plough after base manure is spread fertilizer over the fields before broadcasting and buries, and 1/2 imposes in the jointing stage.In addition to nitrogenous fertilizer, often handle
Also apply phosphate fertilizer（P2O5）120 kg ﹒ hm2And potash fertilizer（K2O）120 kg ﹒ hm2All make base manure application.It is urine for examination nitrogen fertilizers
Element, phosphate fertilizer are double superhosphate, and potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate.3 Irrigation levels are set altogether：The time of infertility does not pour water（W0）, the jointing stage
Fill 1 water（W1）1 water is respectively filled with jointing stage and maturity period（W2）, pour water 750 m every time3/hm2, water meter Controlled irrigation amount.In annual
Sowing in-20 days on the 12nd October, the harvest on 30-June 8 May of next year, the field management of breeding time produces skill by High-yield Wheat
Art regulation carries out.
Influence of the 7 Different irrigation number of table to wheat yield
In the less dry year of rainfall（2012-2013 and 2015-2016）, 2 water process of above-mentioned filling（W2）With fill 1 water process
（W1）Compare, result is：The Wen Countys 2012-2013, Zhengzhou and Kaifeng yield increase separately 16.1% and 33.5%, 2015-2016
Year increases separately 12.4%, 29.8% and 18.0%；In the more normal year of rainfall（2013-2014 and 2014-2015）, above-mentioned
Fill 2 water process（W2）With fill 1 water process（W1）Compare, result is：The Wen Countys 2013-2014 and Zhengzhou yield increase separately 1.1%
5.3%, 0.0% and 3.9% is increased separately with 5.2%, 2014-2015.
Above-mentioned wheat different year determination of yield the results are shown in Table 7.
The present invention passes through according to the horizontal recommended fertilizer of winter wheat different output in the case of measuring soil nutrient
Fertilizing systems are carried out toward annual output, have the characteristics that easily popularization, expense are low.While ensureing yield, yield only reduces 1-3%
In the case of, wilfully 35%-49% can be improved in force of labor to nitrogenous fertilizer.It is effectively guaranteed the requirement of different soil fertility wheatland wheat growths,
Utmostly reduce waste, reduces production cost, realize winter wheat nitrogen and launch on demand, chemical nitrogen fertilizer utilization ratio is notable
It is promoted.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio, including：
1）Situation is planted according to the history in plot, the general status of region determines yield level：
Using yield is divided into 3 etc. by the average value of wheat yield as the yield level in the region in a region in nearly 2-3
Grade,
It is High-yield Wheat Fields when the average value of wheat yield is more than 500kg/ mus in a region in 2-3；
When in 2-3 in a region average value of wheat yield be more than 300kg/ mu, be less than 500kg/ mus when, for middle production wheat
Field；
It is low yield wheatland when the average value of wheat yield is less than 300kg/ mus in a region in 2-3；
2）By following step, plot soil fertility level is determined：
A, sampling：Selection can replace locality wheat yield plot before winter wheat sowing, along S type routes, according to " random ",
The principle of " equivalent ", " multiple spot mixing ", the sampled point of each sample 15-20, acquires topsoil soils sample, is stayed according to quartering
Take 1 kg samples；
B, soil nutrient detection：Soil sample is air-dried at gravity-flow ventilation, is rejected stone and impurity, is then carried out Soil K+adsorption, detection has
Machine matter, full nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, obtain soil nutrient detected value, determine soil productivity level：Organic matter is less than 10 g ﹒ kg-1, full nitrogen
Less than 0.5 g ﹒ kg-1, it is low land power wheatland；Organic matter 10-18 g ﹒ kg-1, total nitrogen content be 0.5-1.0 g ﹒ kg-1, for mediumly
Power wheatland；Organic matter is more than 18 g ﹒ kg-1, nitrogenous be higher than 1.0 g ﹒ kg-1, it is high soil fertility wheatland；
3）Fertilising：
A, base manure：Deep ploughing before sowing, high, medium soil fertility wheatland applies 25-30 jins of urea per acre, low yield wheatland applies urea 30- per acre
40 jin, each 25-30 jins of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in ploughing through wheatland, is then harrowed, field of grinding wheat, to achieve the purpose that mixing fertilizer；
B, top dressing：In-the jointing stage of standing up, high, medium soil fertility wheatland imposes 25-30 jins of urea per acre, low yield wheatland imposes per acre
30-40 jins of urea；
4）It pours water：
In-the jointing stage of standing up, pour water 50-60 m per acre when fertilising or after fertilising3；If encountering the rainfall less time, opened in booting-
Florescence, which increases by 1 time, pours water, and pour water 40-50 m per acre3。
2. the nitrogen fertilizer applying method according to claim 1 for improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio, it is characterised in that：Base manure
It is 5 with jointing stage proportion of additional fertilizer:5, it, can be since the simple nitrogen of application, phosphorus, potash fertilizer relatively takes a lot of work, time-consuming when basal dressing
Preplant treatment nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are than the composite fertilizer for 15-15-15.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810040131.0A CN108575239A (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2018-01-16 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810040131.0A CN108575239A (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2018-01-16 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108575239A true CN108575239A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
Family
ID=63608400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810040131.0A Pending CN108575239A (en) | 2018-01-16 | 2018-01-16 | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108575239A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109937817A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-28 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | A kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method |
| CN111802051A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-23 | 民权县土壤肥料站 | Fertilizer application equipment for wheat seeding and fertilizer application method thereof |
| CN113099811A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Special fertilizer for regionalized wheat based on QUEFTS model and application method |
| CN115885649A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2023-04-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for improving yield and/or quality of wheat |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103125193A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-05 | 周海燕 | Fertilizer recommending method for winter wheat |
| CN104365250A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-02-25 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Soil basic fertility-based efficient application method of nitrogenous fertilizer for wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai wheat growing region |
| CN106613750A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 山东农业大学 | Water and fertilizer integration water and fertilizer saving method for winter wheat |
-
2018
- 2018-01-16 CN CN201810040131.0A patent/CN108575239A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103125193A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-06-05 | 周海燕 | Fertilizer recommending method for winter wheat |
| CN104365250A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-02-25 | 山东省农业科学院作物研究所 | Soil basic fertility-based efficient application method of nitrogenous fertilizer for wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai wheat growing region |
| CN106613750A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-10 | 山东农业大学 | Water and fertilizer integration water and fertilizer saving method for winter wheat |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 倪永静 等: "不同灌水次数与氮肥运筹对‘豫教5号’叶面积指数及产量的影响", 《中国农学通报》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109937817A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-06-28 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | A kind of wheat microspray irrigation chemical fertilizer, which precisely subtracts, applies high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method |
| CN109937817B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2021-09-24 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | Wheat micro-sprinkling irrigation fertilizer precise-application-reduction high-yield efficient cultivation method |
| CN111802051A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-23 | 民权县土壤肥料站 | Fertilizer application equipment for wheat seeding and fertilizer application method thereof |
| CN113099811A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Special fertilizer for regionalized wheat based on QUEFTS model and application method |
| CN115885649A (en) * | 2022-10-09 | 2023-04-04 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for improving yield and/or quality of wheat |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Zhang et al. | Effects of straw incorporation on the soil nutrient contents, enzyme activities, and crop yield in a semiarid region of China | |
| Gu et al. | Effects of film mulching and nitrogen fertilization on rhizosphere soil environment, root growth and nutrient uptake of winter oilseed rape in northwest China | |
| Song et al. | Organic amendments increase corn yield by enhancing soil resilience to climate change | |
| CN102934546B (en) | Method for rapidly improving plough-layer soil of newly cultivated barren lands in southern hilly and mountainous regions | |
| CN104604409B (en) | A kind of fertilizing method of quick raising reclaimed minesoils fertility | |
| CN108575239A (en) | A kind of nitrogen fertilizer applying method improving Winter Wheat Nitrogen utilization ratio | |
| CN106797746B (en) | A kind of method of fertilizer amount needed for crops under the conditions of quick determining straw-returning | |
| CN109232082A (en) | Based on the attapulgite modified dedicated slow-release or control-release fertilizer in salt-soda soil and the preparation method and application thereof | |
| Jia et al. | Fate of labeled urea-15 N as basal and topdressing applications in an irrigated wheat–maize rotation system in North China Plain: I winter wheat | |
| Wang et al. | Low recovery efficiency of basal fertilizer-N in plants does not indicate high basal fertilizer-N loss from split-applied N in transplanted rice | |
| Hao et al. | Quantifying drivers of soil acidification in three Chinese cropping systems | |
| Oechaiyaphum et al. | Impact of long-term agricultural management practices on soil organic carbon and soil fertility of paddy fields in Northeastern Thailand | |
| CN102362567A (en) | Soil testing and formulated fertilization method | |
| CN104871704A (en) | Method for judging fertilizing amount of crops | |
| Zuoping et al. | Effects of different fertilizations on fruit quality, yield and soil fertility in field-grown kiwifruit orchard | |
| Yang et al. | Rice productivity and profitability with slow-release urea containing organic-inorganic matrix materials | |
| Han et al. | Strip deep rotary tillage combined with controlled-release urea improves the grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency of maize in the North China Plain | |
| Eissa et al. | Optimum rate of nitrogen fertilization for drip-irrigated wheat under semi-arid conditions | |
| Hua KeKe et al. | Leaching is the dominant route for soil organic carbon lateral transport under crop straw addition on sloping croplands. | |
| CN108059508A (en) | A kind of new rice field dedicated fertilizer and its method of administration | |
| CN107155486A (en) | A kind of rice in saline-alkali field nitrogenous fertilizer decrement fertilizing method | |
| CN107242078A (en) | A kind of fertilizing method of promotion apocarya growth of seedling | |
| CN106385914A (en) | Crop special-purposed composite fertilizer application method | |
| Lakhan et al. | Response of potassium to Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) in alluvial soils of western Uttar Pradesh | |
| CN106385918A (en) | Crop potassium fertilizer application method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180928 |