CN1099279C - 吸收性制品 - Google Patents

吸收性制品 Download PDF

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CN1099279C
CN1099279C CN93106566A CN93106566A CN1099279C CN 1099279 C CN1099279 C CN 1099279C CN 93106566 A CN93106566 A CN 93106566A CN 93106566 A CN93106566 A CN 93106566A CN 1099279 C CN1099279 C CN 1099279C
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fin
absorbing products
underwear
human body
pad
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CN1079141A (zh
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C·M·比尔
V·V·芬奇
P·J·塞比阿克
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Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
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Abstract

公开了一种吸收性制品及从一内裤上取下此制品的方法。此制品包括透液的盖、不透液的隔膜和位于此两者间形成一种垫的吸收体。此垫具有一中央部、两纵向延伸侧和从这两个纵向侧沿横向外延的一对较硬的翼片。此种垫具有一朝向人体的表面和一朝向内裤的表面。吸收性制品还包括有用来将此垫设置到内裤分叉部分上的粘合剂,后者设在垫的朝向内裤的表面上并设置于各个翼片之上。用一张可撕掉的纸覆盖住此种粘合剂。

Description

吸收性制品
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸收性制品以及一种从内裤上除去此种制品的方法。更具体地说,在本发明涉及到的吸收性制品中,它有一中央吸收部带有两个纵向延伸的侧边,以及一对从纵向侧边顺横向外延的较硬片件。在此中央部分与片件之上存在有粘接区,这些粘接区则用一张可撕掉的纸覆盖。采用一种带有较硬片件的吸收性制品的重要性在于确保,当除掉这张覆盖纸后,这些片件不会显著地下垂或朝下折迭。这样就能防止在此种制品固定到内裤上之前,上述片件上的粘合区会过早地与该中央部分接触。
背景技术
卫生巾、月经垫、妇女专用垫、短裤衬、短裤罩以及失禁用内裤等这类的吸收性制品,是专门用于紧贴妇女阴门穿戴的衣着,来吸收月经、血、尿以及其它排泄物一类的体液。卫生巾用在行经期间配戴,而裤衬与裤罩则可在行经期间之先、之间或之后穿戴。失禁用裤则能在任何时候穿着,用来吸收尿或其它体液。某些妇女是以失禁用内裤来吸收月经的。多数情况下,穿着裤衬与裤罩时还结合一种止液垫,后者是一种内部装置,也是用来吸收体液的。卫生巾与裤衬的差别在于它们各自能吸收的液体量。卫生巾一般尺寸较大,有较大的厚度,能吸收较大量的体液。
业已知道,上述吸收性制品能包括一对从其中央吸收部两纵侧沿横向外延的侧翼。这种侧翼能防止污染内裤。某些侧翼设计成能包绕着内裤,且这些侧翼相互结合以将此种吸收性制品牢牢地保持住。
最早提出在卫生巾上采用侧翼的专利之一是克拉克(Clark)的美国专利2787271。理查德(Rickard)的美国专利3397697号与麦克萘尔(McNair)的美国专利4285343号则对此作出了改进:使侧翼搭迭,用以把卫生巾牢靠地保持于内裤之上。自1953年后,有多种改进的带有能组合内裤的侧翼的卫生巾已获得了专利。马蒂利(Mattingly)的美国专利4608047号,麦克科伊(McCoy)的美国专利4900320号以及范蒂尔堡(Van Tilburg)的美国专利4589876与4687478号,均提出了应用柔性的侧翼。
除上述专利外,厂商们业已完善制造这类吸收性制品的模切作业。怀特海(Whit eheod)的美国专利4079739号与赛蒂(Seidy)的美国专利4862574号则给出了模切的吸收性制品。
回顾先有的技术,得知这类包括有一对外延侧翼的吸收性制品,需要用分离的不同的可撕掉的纸带来覆盖住不同的粘合区。理由之一是,粘合剂本身是这种吸收性制品中花费较高的部分。因而制造商们只打算把粘合剂限用在所需之处。这一因素促致把粘合剂敷设到分离的不同区域上,而不是敷设到此种制品面向内裤的整个表面上。为什么过去使用的是分离的可撕掉纸带的第二个理由是因为当时的制造商所生产出的侧翼都是柔软性的。使用单件的可撕掉纸之所以不受欢迎是由于,一旦将覆盖纸撕除,此种侧翼常会向下弯折,它上面的粘合剂会附着到吸收性制品的另一部分上,而难以在不损伤或撕裂侧翼或该制品条件下除下此侧翼。这样就妨碍了用户将这种吸收性制品适当地用于内裤的分叉部分。这些缺点常使用户对此感到失望。因此,制造厂家便不把单件式的可撕掉纸用于带侧翼的吸收性制品上。
有一带侧翼的吸收性制品的制造厂家采用了三个独立的可撕掉纸。该厂家在包装上印刷了说明书教给用户如何来撕去这些纸。首先撕去位于中央粘合剂上方的覆盖纸,然后将制品附着到内裤分叉部分的内表面。再来撕去覆盖住一片侧翼上的粘合剂的纸,并将这片侧翼接附到内裤的外表面上。接着,使用者即从相对的侧翼上撕去最后一片覆盖纸,而把此侧翼接到内裤的外表面上。如果上述程序不能正确地履行,粘合剂便常会接附到吸收性制品的另一部分上,这样就会使此种制品在正式使用之前便受到损坏。
戈尚斯(Gossens)等人的美国专利5011480号给出了一种试图克服上述不便之处的方法。该专利提出一种妇女专用垫,垫上有一对由摩擦材料覆盖的外延侧翼。这种摩擦材料将吸收性制品牢靠地支承在但不粘附于内裤之一。
发明内容
现在业已发明了一种吸收性制品,它有一对较硬的不易显著下垂或向下弯折的翼片,能不使翼片上的粘接区过早地接触到此制品的另一部分。
本发明总的目的在于提供一种从其中央部沿横向外延有一对较硬翼片的吸收性制品。本发明更具体的目的则是提供一种具有一对不会因自重而朝下弯折之较硬翼片的吸收性制品。
本发明另一目的在于提供这样一种吸收性制品,它有一对从其中央部朝外横延的较硬翼片,且其中所有附着内裤用粘合剂都是用一张可撕掉纸覆盖的。
本发明又一目的在于提供这样一种吸收性制品,它能由模切作业廉价生产,其中可撕掉纸与吸收垫两者有着毗连的外周边。
本发明又另一目的在于提供一种简便方法,用来当吸收制品已吸收了一定数量的体液后,从内裤的交叉部分上将其除去。
本发明还有一个目的在于提供这样一种吸收性制品,它有一对从其中央部朝外横延出的较硬翼片,而这对翼片当可撕掉纸撕去后不会有显著的下垂。
简单地说,本发明涉及这样一种吸收性制品,它有一可透液的盖、不透液的隔膜以及位于这两者之间形成为垫的吸收剂。这种垫有一中央部、两纵向伸延的侧部、以及从此两纵向侧部横延出的较硬翼片。此垫尚有一面向人体的表面和一面向内裤的表面。此吸收性制品还包括有粘合剂,用来将上述垫安放到内裤的分叉部上。粘合剂是固定在垫的朝向内裤的表面之上,并可以存在于上述中央部与各个翼片之上。用一单张可撕掉纸盖住所有的粘合剂。
附图说明
熟悉本项技术的人,借助下面的描述并对照附图,当可更清楚地理解本发明的其它目的与优点。
图1是一种具有一中央部和一对由此沿横向外延出的较硬翼片的吸收性制品的透视图。
图2是敷贴到内裤交叉部分上的吸收性制品的横剖面图。
图3是一吸收性制品的顶视图,示明了位于此制品外周边内的纵向压纹线和连续的周边压纹线。
图4是一吸收性制品的底视图,示明了三个独立分开的粘合带,一个遍及中央部分的整个长度,另两个覆盖住这对横延翼片的全长。
图5是一吸收性制品的底视图,示明了四个独立分开的附着内裤用粘合剂的区域,此吸收性制品的中央部则没有粘合剂。
图6是一吸收性制品的底视图,表明了粘合剂的一种连续式的点阵分布。
图7是一吸收性制品的底视图,表明了其整个底面均覆盖上附着内裤用粘合剂。
图8是一透视图,示明了一种专用来测试从此种吸收性制品朝外横延出的那对翼片的硬度的设备。
图9是图8所示设备的透视图,用来示明此设备中处于向下位置的销子。
具体实施方式
参看图1,所示明的吸收性制品10是设计用来供妇女穿戴,以吸收月经、血、尿和其它排泄物之类体液的。此吸收性制品10可以是卫生巾、裤衬、裤罩、失禁用内裤等。卫生巾是专门用来能比裤衬或裤罩吸收更大量的液体。卫生巾通常较裤衬更长、更宽也更厚,可以包含泥煤苔之类的超吸收性或其它类型的材料来提高它的吸收本领。卫生巾可有长度从约6英寸至约13英寸(约152mm至约330mm)、宽度从约2英寸至约5英寸(约51mm至约127mm),以及厚度从约2.5mm至约25mm。这样的卫生巾可取矩形、砂漏形、卵形与跑道形等。
另一方面,裤衬则较薄与较小,能够包含但通常并不包含超吸收性材料。裤衬可有约6英寸至10英寸(约152mm至约254mm)的长度,约2英寸至约3英寸(约51mm至约76mm)的宽度,以及约1.3mm至约3.6mm的厚度。裤衬可具种种不同的构型,但直到目前都不具有横向延伸的翼片。
失禁用内裤,其大小通常与卫生巾相等或较大,长约6至33英寸(152至838mm),宽约2.5至30英寸(约64至762mm),而厚约19至76mm,一般呈矩形或砂漏形。
上述吸收性制品10可包括一透液盖12、不透液隔膜14和一位于这两者间的吸收体16。盖12可由非织造材料如纺粘材料形成。隔膜14可由聚乙烯薄膜形成。盖12与隔膜14也可取消,它们的功能可用其它装置实现。例如,可把吸收体16的顶面用作上述盖,并用一种粘合剂涂层或泡沫层来取代隔膜。
吸收体16有一面向人体的表面和一面向内裤的表面,它可以是由各种类型的天然或合成纤维所形成的亲水材料,这类纤维包括纤维素纤维、表面活化剂处理的熔喷式纤维、木浆纤维、再生纤维素或棉纤维,或是浆料与其它纤维的混合物。较理想的材料是一种所谓的共成物(coform),这是一种熔喷纤维与短切纤维或料浆纤维的喷吹成形的混合物,其成形工艺已公开于安德森(Anderson)等人的美国专利4100324号中,现结合于本申请中作为参考并作为本申请的一个部分,由70%的纤维素纤维与30%的聚丙烯熔喷纤维组成的共成混合物能够满意地工作。
吸收体16也可含有能在加热与加压下永久变形的热塑性聚合物,如聚丙烯、尼龙与聚乙烯、聚酯等。这类材料的典型形状为粘结的粗梳织物、熔喷与纺粘的纤维。
吸收体16还能含有一般称作为超吸收剂的水解胶体材料。这种水解胶体材料可以是一种形成水凝胶的聚合物成分,它不溶于水、稍有交联且部分中性化。
盖12、隔膜14与吸收体16叠层形成一垫18,垫18包括一中央部20,它带有两个纵延侧部22与24。此中央部20可取种种构型,包括细长的卵形、砂漏形、跑道形或矩形构型。侧部22与24可以是直线状或非直线状的,从而垫18可有不同的构型,例如矩形、跑道形、钟罩形或卵形等。从各个纵侧部22与24朝外延伸出一对较硬的翼片26与28。这对翼片26与28可取任意所需的构型,但以矩形或梯形构型更为适合。采用梯形时,翼片的两侧可以在其进到翼片远端时,按约1°至25°的角度向内渐缩最好是约12°。所渐缩的锥度是相对于一垂直此吸收性制品的纵中心线的直线进行测量的。翼片26与28的表面积可以达到约1.2in2(7.7cm2),这两者的长度是平行于吸收性制品10的纵轴来测定的,而其宽度则是平行于此制品10的横轴测出的。每个翼片的长度可从其一侧弧形段的中点至相对侧弧形段的中点测量出。这两个弧形段使各翼片26与28的侧部与吸收性制品10的纵延侧部22与24相会合。各翼片26与28的长度应在约0.75in至约2in(约19mm至51mm)之间,而最好是约为1.5in(38mm)。各翼片26与28的宽度可在约0.5in至1.5in(约13mm至约38mm)之间,而最好约为1in(25.4mm)。
对卫生巾来说,翼片的长度应小于制品总长的约15%,而最好是小于制品长度的约10%。对裤衬而言,翼片的长度可小于制品总长的约25%,而最好是小于此总长的约20%。例如,对于沿其纵轴线测得的长度为约8.5in.至约11in.(约216mm至约279mm)的卫生巾来说,相应翼片的长度可以取约1.5至约2in.(约38至约51mm)。对于长约6至约7.5in.(约152至约191mm)的裤衬来说,相应翼片可取约1.5至约1.75in.(约38至约45mm)的长度。
应知垫18厚度处处均一,因而中央部20同翼片26与28有相等的厚度。这就使得垫18能在制造过程中从大片叠层材料上模切下来。
垫18可以包括一批压纹区30。在图1中,此种压纹区30是以与制品10纵轴线相平行而形成的正弦曲线表明。这批压纹区30能将盖12固定到吸收体16上从而增加制品10的整体性。利用压纹的线条可表征波纹或波动,这使得某些用户常可以其与对流体的吸收产生联想。此种压纹区30可沿整个制品10的宽度均匀间隔开,也可出现在中央部20和各个翼片26与28之中。压纹区30也可取点、花的阵列形式。
压纹线30可由叠层材料通过两辊间隙来形成,这两辊中的底辊为压力辊,两顶辊为压纹辊。这种压纹的花纹可使盖12向下紧压到吸收体16内,借此使制品10保持成整体。
垫18是从大片层压材料加工出的,包括有盖12、隔膜14与吸收体16。垫18可从大片材料上模切下来,包括面向人体的表面32与面向内裤的表面34。此表面32可由透液的盖12形成,而朝向内裤的表面34则可由不透液隔膜14形成。
参看图2,吸收性制品10还包括安装于朝向内裤的表面34上的接附机构36,它可以是一种与内裤接附粘合剂,提供了一种用来将垫18以可除去方式安装到内裤38分叉部上的机构。能够良好工作的一种内裤接附粘合剂是粘合剂NS3 4-5516,可从新泽西州08807布里奇瓦特(Bridgewater)市芬特尼(Finderne)大街10号的国立淀粉(National Starch)公司购得。
接附机构36可包括位于中央部20之上的粘合剂40,以及分别位于翼片26与28上的粘合剂42与44。粘合剂42与44应覆盖在各翼片26与28上至少有0.5平方英寸的面积,而最好是至少覆盖此面积的50%。具体的接附机构36的构型与设计可以有种种形式。
再次参看图1,吸收性制品10还包括有一张盖住接附机构36的可撕掉纸46。此可撕掉纸46与垫i8可以具有毗连的外周边,这样在制造过程便能简化模切作业。还能够把可撕掉纸冲切成,使它盖住全部的粘合剂但却具有这样的构型,即落定在至少一部分垫18的外周边内。例如,此种可撕掉纸可以遍及制品10的全宽为窄。这种可撕掉纸可以冲切成较垫18大一些,例如在一端上有一外围部,可让使用者握住此种可撕掉纸而易于将其从垫18上撕去。
吸收性制品10设计成可自一大片叠层材料上模切下来,它包括有盖12、隔膜14、吸收体16、接附机构36与可撕掉纸46。模切作业可使制造厂家有效和经济地生产吸收性制品10。较低的生产成本也可使消费者受益。
迄今,那种具有一对从中央部朝外延伸的翼片的吸收性制品的生产厂家,绝多大数都用多张可撕掉纸来覆盖住粘合剂区。理由之一是存在着柔软的翼片。这种翼片常常会从面向人体的表面朝内下垂。要是用一张可撕掉纸,就有可能发生这样的情况:在使用者能将此种制品贴敷到内裤分叉部之前,翼片上的粘合剂有可能接触到中央部上的粘合剂,一旦发生这种情况,就难以将粘连的部件拉开而不撕裂翼片或不损伤此吸收性制品。
本发明的吸收性制品10与市售同类制品不同之处在于:当撕下覆盖纸46时,较硬的翼片26与28总是保持在原有位置。这就是说,垫18面向人体的表面32近似于平直的,而翼片26与28不发生下垂。翼片26与28的硬性使之免于下垂。要是在撕下覆盖纸时发生有任何下垂,则相对于面向人体表面32的中央部20而言,这种弯垂也被限制在约25°以内,而更佳的情形则被限制在小于约15°以内。通过把翼片26与28制造得相当硬,就能保证在撕去覆盖纸46时,位于各翼片26与28上的粘合剂42与44将不会与制品10上的粘合剂或另一部分接触。这是对先有技术作出的改进。
参看图3,其中示明了例如卫生巾或裤衬之类的吸收性制品48,后者的结构与图1所述的类似,只是包括有一条连续的压纹线50,它形成在距吸收性制品48的外部边缘朝内约1/64至约1/2in.(约0.4至约13mm)处。这一压纹线50在盖与吸收体之间提供了整体性,有利于在将此制品从内裤分叉部上撤下时保持其完整性。这种吸收性制品48呈跑道构型,纵轴线与横轴线分别以X-X与Y-Y标明。此制品48也有一批压纹的正弦曲线52,相对于纵轴线X-X伸延到整个长向,但不越过压纹的周线50。当此吸收性制品48为卫生巾时,它的表面积可小于约30in.2(194cm2),而最好是小于约25in.2(161cm2)。当此吸收性制品48为裤衬时,此表面积可小于约20in.2(129cm2)。
当吸收性制品为卫生巾时,它的基重可小于约400g/m2(克/米2),更好是小于约300g/m2,而最好是小于250g/m2。对裤衬而言,此基重可以小于约200g/m2而最好是约190g/m2
参考图4-7,其中示明了几种不同的用来将吸收性制品接附到内裤分叉部分上的粘合机构。在图4中示明的一种叶状吸收性制品54具有三个独立分开的内裤接附区。此吸收性制品54所含有的宽粘合带56连续地分布到遍及制品的全长,而所含有两个较窄的内裤粘合带58与60则设置于横向延伸的翼片62与64之上。粘合带58与60应覆盖住各翼片表面积的至少50%,更好是约60%,而最好是达到约85-100%。粘合带58与60分别分布到各相应翼片62与64的全长。应该注意到,涂敷到各翼片62与64上的粘合剂量,取决于粘合剂的强度、厚度及其所粘触的材料而有所不同。用单张可撕掉纸覆盖位粘合剂区域56、58与60。但是,这种可撕掉纸可以具有的宽度只是延伸到翼片62与64的外边缘处。
图5示明的砂漏形吸收性制品66具有四个独立分开的内裤接附粘合区。粘合区68与70分别位于吸收性制品66的两个相对端部。可以把粘合剂通过印制到制品66朝向内裤的表面上而分布到上述两端部上。另两个粘合区72与74则位于横向伸延出的翼片76与78上,并覆盖住几乎是各个翼片的整个表面区。在这种设计中应该注意到,制品66朝向内裤的表面上的整个中央部是没有粘合剂的。这是与先有技术不同的特点。此种构型可能有利于分叉部极窄的内裤。通过把粘合剂设于此种制品的端部,不必将粘合剂涂敷到制品的整个长度上就能实现牢靠地贴合。
图6所示的卵形吸收性制品80有一对从其两纵侧延伸出的较硬翼片。此种制品80含有遍及其整个朝向内裤表面上的,点阵式的内裤接附粘合剂82。可以将粘合剂82印制到制品80的朝向内裤的表面上来取得这种点阵。
图7所示的卵形吸收性制品84在中央部段上有一对较硬的翼片从它的两纵侧朝外延伸出。在这一特殊的实施例中,吸收性制品84的整个朝向内裤的表面上都为粘合剂86盖住。这里的粘合剂86可经喷射、刷涂、涂层、滚印或其它方式涂敷到制品84的整个表面上。通过采用单张的可撕掉纸,现在可将粘合剂86涂敷到制品84的整个朝向内裤的表面上。
图8中示明了一台测试仪器,用来测试从吸收性制品纵向侧边沿横向伸出的翼片的刚度。由于本发明新颖特点之一是采用了较硬的翼片,它们能在撕下覆盖纸后不会因自重而下垂,因而精确地测出这类翼片的硬度就十分重要了。通过采用较硬的翼片,人们就可以利用单张的可撕掉纸。
图8中示明了带有测试设备90的一台Instron测试机88,后者可自麻萨诸塞州坎顿(Cauton)市的Instron公司按型号1122购得。Instron测试机88与测试设备90用来将各翼片的“硬度”定量化。各翼片的硬度定义为它们在一定的作用力下的抗弯本领。各翼片的抗弯硬度按以下方式测定:从翼片由吸收性制品朝人体的表面垂直朝下的初始位置起,测量使此翼片弯过90°时所需的峰值力。
测试设备90设计用来将吸收性制品保持于一垂直位置,使其翼片之一垂直于朝向人体的表面32并由其朝外伸出。测试设备90是安装于Instron测试机88之上的,将一个0.25in.(6mm)直径的具有平滑圆弧端94的销子92,连到安装于Instron测试机88顶端中的2000克压缩负载传感器上。销子92应具有8in.(203mm)或更长的长度,以便测量各种构型的翼片或侧翼。此销子92还能依预定速度朝下移向测试样品。销子92的下降速度可通过给Instron测试机88编定程度进行控制。为使各个翼片独立地弯过90°的角度所需的峰值力以克(gr)为单位测量。
测试设备90包括一底板98,位于其中央的凸柱100由该处伸向下方。此凸柱100插入在Instron 88中形成的一个孔口内。测试设备90还包括一平板102,上面形成有一对通槽104与106,它们分别与板102的一端相邻。槽104与106中装有一对螺丝108与110,它们向下通过槽104与106,能够进入在底板98上形成的螺孔或螺槽(未示明)中。槽104与106和螺丝108与110可以使平板102能相对于底板98作前后运动,以便测试设备90能与可动的销子92对齐。有一对杆112与114从平板102向上伸延。这对杆112与114支承着一块具有平正立面117的立板116。在此立板116的上表面120上安装一铰接机构118。此铰接机构118包括一可自一垂直位置转动的可动部分122,此可动部分在此垂直位置上与上表面120垂直,转过90°即至一与上表面120平行的位置。此可动部分122有一大的沿其横向轴线的U形切口124。此U形切口124允许销子92朝下运动,通过铰接机构118而与待测试的翼片接触。
测试设备90还包括一块平整的胶质玻璃板126,此板的上表面与内表面分别标明为127与129。此内表面129与立板116的立面117平行对齐。以把样品夹持于其间。这块玻璃126大约厚1/8in.(约3mm),它是用来使测试的产品平压在立板116上的,同时能用一对夹子128与130夹牢到立板116上。
用来测定一吸收性制品上各个翼片硬度的测试步骤如下。首先,应以适当的重量校准Instron测试机88,使之与2000克压力载荷传感器相称。第二,要检查销子92,确保它没有弯曲,并能以所需速度向下运动同时能下到各翼片端部之外。第三,要是想把结果打印到坐标纸上,则应该查此Instron测试机中的供纸情况。第四,如果这台测试机连到一数字读出机构上,就应仔细弄清确保每一部分都在正常工作。第五,应将测试设备90牢靠地安装到Instron测试机之上,并加以调准,使样品翼片与销子对齐并处在可动销子92之下。第六,为了进行这种测试,需有五个吸收性制品的样品。每个吸收性制品应有至少一对朝外伸出的侧翼式翼片。第七,在测试此种制品之前,重要的是要把它们置于TAPPI标准条件下进行调节。这要求将各个吸收性制品在温度23.0℃±1℃与相对湿度50%±2%下至少处理2小时。
应该注意到,在测试后续的样品之前应该对每个样品测试其两个翼片。这就是说,对于五个吸收性制品样品将取到10个测试值。第八,应该记录下每个测试结果并把此10个值相加取得一和。第九,将此和数除以所测试的翼片数而求出一平均硬度值。这10个测试值的平均数提供了一个较为实际的硬度值,当把这些值与其它产品的翼片硬度值相比较时,可以减少误差。
当吸收性制品经过调节处理后,这些样品则按每次一个予以测试。首先撕去可撕掉纸。要是在制品上存在有几块可撕掉纸,则应在此时全部除去。然后以滑石粉涂刷粘合区从而屏蔽住内裤接附用粘合剂。滑石粉例如购自新泽西州菲利普斯堡(Phillipsurg)市J.T.Baker化学制品公司的,可以满意地用于上述目的。
经滑石粉刷除了粘合区的样品,即以其朝向人体的表面贴靠着立板116的立面117放置。铰接机构118的可动部分122应处于其垂直位置,以使样品放置成有一个翼片落停到铰接机构118上。这意味着样品的一个相邻纵长边缘将上立板116的上表面120处于同一高度(见图8)。要是此样品具有非直线式的或弯曲的纵向边缘,则应这样地置放样品,使得连接着翼片底部至中央吸收体部分的两弧形段间引出的直线会与立板116的上表面120一致。在确定一翼片的底部时,应该假定此翼片的底部是从一与样品纵向侧边共轴线的延伸线上开始的。例如,假定此吸收性制品包括着仅由盖与隔膜形成的边缘部分,则此边缘部分的外侧边缘就应视之为此样品的纵向侧缘。
然后将胶质玻璃126的内表面129邻接着样品的朝向内裤的表面放置,由夹子128与130将胶质玻璃126夹到立板116上。此时样品应该是平坦地夹于立板116与胶质玻璃126之间。此时应该查样品的纵向侧缘132,确保其与立板116的上表面120平齐。
当使样品按上述方式定位后,铰接机构118的可动部分122即朝下旋转90°,使翼片垂直地定位于立板116之外。换言之,此翼片28朝下并从吸收性制品10的中央部20的朝人体表面向外向下转过90°。这样将使翼片28与销子92保持垂直。如果翼片软到会在自重下弯垂,则起始位置可以处于大于90°的一个角度。这一因素并不会妨碍测试的进行或妨碍翼片硬度的测量。
测试设备90应安排成,使得销子92将在距胶质玻璃126的内表面129为0.43±0.02in.(11.0±0.5mm)处,与翼片28的朝向人体的表面接触。应该注意到,对于大于约6mm的厚样品来说,铰接机构118的可动部分122应有足够的长度,以使翼片能如上所述相对于朝向人体的表面32弯转90°。应检查校直测试设备90,从而使销子92能如上述那样接触翼片。这样就能保证销子92对各个样品将在同一平面中与各翼片接触。应调节此销子92到它将接触的翼片上方约1in.(2.54mm)的初始计量长度。销子92的十字头速度应调节至1000mm/min。销子92朝下行程的总距离因翼片的长度与构型而异。但是对于各个翼片来说,销子92应行进到超过翼片的边缘,以确保翼片已从其起始位置弯过-90°的角。销子92的长度要足以使其向下运动时超过该翼片。
用来使各个翼片弯过90°所需的峰值力以克(gr)来测量。这一量值可通过测量标绘于坐标纸上的曲线的最高点而直接读出,也可以自动记录与数字式显示于Microcon II型之类的微处理机设备上,后者可以从Instron公司购到。
参看图9,所示Instron测试机88的销子92在其下位置时,延伸到弯曲的翼片底边下方一定距离。此距离大约为0.25至约lin.(约6mm至约25.4mm)。此弯曲翼片的位置已于图中绘出,表明它已被销子92从原始位置弯转过90°。这一终端位置接近于翼片在附着到内裤分叉部分外表面上时将处在的位置。
弯曲此翼片所需的峰值力已予记录,然后销子92即上升到其初始起动位置。此时将样品从测试设备90中撤出,并定位成能测试相对的翼片26。接着再测量相对翼片的硬度并如前述进行记录。取下此样品,依类似方式测试第二至第五个样品。
在下面的表1中,列出了用与上述相同的测试过程,对某些代表性的薄的吸收性制品的测试结果。这些数据表明,弯曲翼片或侧翼所需的平均峰值力是相当低的。在表中所列的三种制品中任何一种的最高平均峰值力约小于5.6gr。
                                  表1
                        相竞争的几种制品的测试数据制品名称                      平均峰值力        测试样品      测试值     平均厚度
                             (gr)             序号         范围        (mm)J&J′s Stayfree Ultra Plus       2.2                5         1.1-2.9      2.77J&J′s Prima Light               5.6                5         4.0-6.7      2.46P&G′s Always Ultra Plus         2.7                5          2.1-3.2     2.41
表2则示明了带翼片的四种典型裤衬的测试结果。每一种都有一聚丙烯盖和一聚乙烯隔膜以及夹于这两者间的一吸收体。此吸收体是由共成物制成,但重量和/或厚度是变化的。每一种典型的裤衬都包括有一张可撕掉纸借助内裤附着用粘合剂粘附到隔膜上。各典型裤衬的尺寸沿着相关的纵轴线横轴线测量的结果是,长6.5in.(165mm),而跨越过吸收体中央部的宽度为2.38in.(60mm)。每一个典型裤衬都包括有两个翼片,每片长(如上所述,沿平行于纵轴线测量)1.58in.(40mm),而宽约1in.(25.4mm)。前三种典型裤衬由基重为190gr/m2(gsm)的共成物制成。第四种典型裤衬由基重为300gsm的共成物制成。上述盖与吸收体的重量在测定基重时已包括进去。
如上所述,在测量厚度之前已将覆盖纸撕下并屏蔽粘合剂。测试了各种典型裤衬的五个样品。各个样品的厚度分别用市售的厚度指示仪(型号543-543-1,可自新泽西州帕拉默斯(Paramus)市埃塞克斯(Essex)路18号的MTI公司购得)测量。制品放置于一平板上,以其朝人体的一面向上。再将一能在每平方厘米上产生2.13克压力的丙烯酸模块放到此吸收性制品朝向人体的一面上。令厚度指示仪上的可动销与此丙烯酸模块接触,由此指示仪读取厚度的测量值,并将其记录下。然后将五个样品的各自厚度值加和并除以5,得出一“平均厚度”。前三个典型裤衬的“平均厚度”值分别为1.87mm、1.68mm与2.48mm。第四个典型裤衬所具有“平均厚度”值为2.95mm。
参看表2中列出的平均峰值力数据,可知用来弯曲此类翼片所需的峰值力是相当高的。这说明翼片本身是颇为硬的。硬的翼片当撕掉覆盖纸后,在翼片的自重作用下不会有任何显著程度下垂。对所测试的四个制品来说,此种实际的“平均峰值力”值的范围在17.7克与68.6克之间。这就是说,这样的“平均峰值力”值常常会在约15克至70克之间。所有这些“平均峰值力”值,均大大地高于相对于表1中列出的制品所求得的。表2中的各个实测值的变化范围从13.6克至99.3克不等。因此,有关的峰值力值势必处在约10克至约100克之间。
                              表2
                       由共成物制得的裤衬典型制品序号    平均峰值力(克)    测试样品数    测试值范围    平均厚度(mm)1                   17.7              5         13.6-24.9        1.87
2       20.4      5          15.3-32.7      1.68
3       27.7      5          20.8-36.4      2.48
4       68.6      5          52.2-99.3      2.95
从以上数据看出,这类典型裤衬所要求的平均峰力大大地高于表1中所列市售制品的平均峰值力。对于那种具有软性侧翼的相竞争制品测试的结果,所得到的“平均峰值力”值在5.6以下。
采用具有较硬翼片的吸收性制品的重要性在于:一旦将可撕掉纸涂掉,翼片将不会下垂或朝下弯折而同此吸收性制品另一部分接触。当一名妇女使用了带硬翼片的吸收性制品时,她就能够撕去此可撕掉纸把制品的中央部接附到她内裤分叉部分的内表面,而不用担心会把翼片上的粘合剂过早地接附到制品的另外部分上。这就可使用户能一一地将各个翼片绕内裤的弹性边缘折弯,并把它连接到她内裤分叉部分的外表面。单张式的可撕掉纸便于用户简单而快捷地将其撕下。
将吸收性制品10从内裤38上取下的方法也是本发明的一个组成部分。吸收性制品10已描述过了。它的中央部20粘附到内裤38分叉部的内表面上,而翼片26与28则绕内裤38分叉部的弹性边缘弯折,并用粘合剂42与44粘合到此分叉部的外表面上。
吸收性制品10设计用来贴邻女性躯体佩戴并与阴道口对准。一旦吸收性制品10吸收了足够量的体液后就把它除下。除下时需将内裤下拉并并去掉粘合物。通常,在将中央粘合物破坏并将吸收性制品取出前,需将各个翼片分别与内裤的外表面脱开。
能够用极为简便与快速的方法将本发明的吸收性制品10从内裤上除下。第一种方法是,用户可一手握住吸收性制品10的一端,并以另一只手保持住内裤38的一部分。然后将吸收性制品10朝相对端上拉,从中央部20和两翼片26与28上将粘合物破坏。然后使吸收性制品10与内裤38完全分离。应知用户可以用后述任一种方式来除下吸收性制品:或是揪住吸收性制品10的前部朝其相反端向上或向后拉引,或是抓住此吸收性制品的尾端而朝其前端向上和向前拉引。能够用一次连续式的动作来完成从内裤上除下吸收性制品的动作。
从内裤上除下吸收性制品10的第二种方法是:先除下一个翼片,然后将制品10上提,使其脱离开内裤的分叉部。这种从侧旁除下的方式由于存在有短的翼片26与28而变得更为便利。短的翼片26与28再加上各翼片上小的粘合区,使得除下吸收性制品的方法很简便。
尽管本发明业已结合几个具体实施例作了描述,但应认识到,熟悉本项工艺的人是可以根据前面的叙述而了解到许许多多变更的形式。为此,本发明打算包括符合后附权利要求书宗旨与范围内的种种变更形式在内。

Claims (27)

1.一种吸收性制品,包括:
a)具有一带有两纵向延伸侧的中央部以及一对从这两个纵向侧沿横向外延的翼片的吸收体,此吸收体包括一朝向人体的表面和一朝向内裤的表面;所述翼片需有至少20克的峰值力,以使各翼片从其垂直于所述朝向人体的表面对齐的位置弯曲90°;以及
b)用来将此吸收体固定到一内裤上的机构,此机构安装在上述朝向内裤的表面上并存在于两个翼片上。
2.如权利要求1所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说翼片需有一从20克至70克的峰值力,以使上述翼片从其垂直于上述朝向人体的表面对齐的位置弯曲一90°的角度。
3.如权利要求1所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说面向人体的表面面积小于193.548平方厘米,而所说制品的基重小于400克/米2
4.一种吸收性制品,包括:
a)可透液的盖;
b)不透液的隔膜;
c)介于上述盖与隔膜之间的一个吸收体,此吸收体形成一个垫,它有一带两纵向延伸侧的中央部和一对从此两纵向侧沿横向外延的翼片,同时此垫有一面向人体的表面、一面向内裤的表面并有均匀的厚度,所述翼片需有至少20克的峰值力,以使各翼片从其垂直于所述朝向人体的表面对齐的位置弯曲90°;
d)用来将上述垫固定到内裤上的接附机构,此接附机构安装于所说朝向内裤的表面上并存在于两个翼片之上;以及
e)覆盖在此接附机构上的可撕掉的纸。
5.如权利要求4所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说两翼片的每一个沿平行于此制品中央横轴测得的宽度尺寸,可以防止此两翼片在所说内裤下折叠时相互触合。
6.如权利要求4所述的吸收性制品,其特征是有多个压纹线从所说朝向人体的表面向下延伸到吸收体内,以使所说的垫增加其整体性。
7.如权利要求4所述的吸收性制品,其特征是各个翼片被设计成能沿着与各个纵侧平行的一条线向下弯折,同时各个翼片将由前述接附机构安装到内裤的外表面上。
8.如权利要求4所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所述制品的厚度是在1.5至3.5mm之间。
9.如权利要求8所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所述的可撕掉的纸与垫具有相邻接的外周边。
10.如权利要求4所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说各翼片均呈梯形,按分别平行于此制品纵向和横向中央轴线测定的长与宽来说,各个翼片具有5.08厘米的最大长度和3.81厘米的最大宽度。
11.一种吸收性制品,包括
a)可透液的盖;
b)不透液的隔膜;
c)位于此盖与隔膜间的吸收体,此吸收体形成一垫,此垫具有一带两纵向延伸侧的中央部和一对由此两纵向侧沿横向外延的翼片,该垫具有一朝向人体的表面与一朝向内裤的表面,并具有均匀的厚度,所述翼片需有至少10克的峰值力,以使各翼片从其垂直于所说朝向人体的表面对齐的位置弯曲一90°的角度;
d)用来将所说垫安装到内裤上的粘合机构,它位于所说朝向内裤的表面上,其中一部分粘合剂位于前述中央部上,一部分粘合剂位于各翼片之上;以及
e)覆盖住所说粘合机构的可撕掉的纸。
12.如权利要求11所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说翼片在将所说可撕掉的纸撕去后,需有10至100克的峰值力,以将各翼片从其垂直于所说朝向人体的表面对齐的起始位置转过一90°的角度。
13.如权利要求12所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说翼片在将所说可撕掉纸撕去后,需有15至70克的峰值力,以将各个翼片从其垂直于所说朝向人体的表面对齐的起始位置转过一90°的角度。
14.如权利要求11所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说各翼片均呈梯形,按分别平行于制品纵向和横向中央轴线测定的长与宽来说,各个翼片具有的最大长度小于5.08厘米,而最大宽度小于3.81厘米。
15.如权利要求11所述的吸收性制品,其特征是当撕去所说可撕掉纸后,所说翼片从前述中央部的两纵向侧沿横向外延。
16.如权利要求11所述的吸收性制品,其特征是当撕去所说可撕掉纸后,所说翼片即自前述中央部的纵向侧外延,并相对于此中央部的朝向人体的表面显示出一小于15°的下垂度。
17.如权利要求11所述的吸收性制品,其特征是当撕去所说可撕掉纸后,所说翼片相对于所说朝向人体的表面保持其初始位置。
18.如权利要求11所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说粘合机构覆盖着各个翼片上至少3.2258平方厘米的表面积。
19.如权利要求11所述的吸收性制品,其特征是各翼片至少有50%的表面积为粘合剂覆盖。
20.如权利要求11所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说粘合剂延伸到所说翼片的全长上,而此长度是平行于此制品纵向中央轴线所测量的。
21.一种吸收性制品,包括:
a)可透液的纺粘型盖;
b)不透液的聚乙烯隔膜;
c)位于上述盖与隔膜间的吸收体,此吸收体形成一个垫,该垫具有一带两纵向延伸侧的中央部和一对由此两纵向侧沿横向外延的翼片,而各个翼片的长度比垫的长度小25%,此垫具有一朝向人体的表面和一朝向内裤的表面,且具有均匀的厚度,所述翼片需有至少20克的峰值力,以使各翼片从其垂直于所述朝向人体的表面对齐的位置弯曲90°;
d)用来将所说垫固定到内裤上的粘合机构,该粘合机构位于前述朝向内裤的表面上,其中一部分粘合剂位于所说中央部上,而一部分粘合剂位于各翼片之上;以及
e)覆盖住上述粘合机构的单张可撕掉的纸,此可撕掉纸的周边与前述垫的外周边相邻接。
22.如权利要求21所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说中央部具有细长卵状构型。
23.如权利要求21所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说中央部具有沙漏形构型。
24.如权利要求21所述的吸收性制品,其特征是所说中央部具有矩形构型。
25.如权利要求21所述的吸收性制品,其特征是各翼片至少有50%的表面积为粘合剂覆盖。
26.如权利要求21所述的吸收性制品,其特征是各翼片的整个表面积均为粘合剂所覆盖。
27.如权利要求21所述的吸收性制品,其特征是在所说垫的周边之内形成有连续的压纹线来增加其整体性。
CN93106566A 1992-05-29 1993-05-28 吸收性制品 Expired - Fee Related CN1099279C (zh)

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US07/891,387 US5429630A (en) 1992-05-29 1992-05-29 Absorbent article and a method of removing said article from an undergarment
US891,387 1992-05-29

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CN1079141A CN1079141A (zh) 1993-12-08
CN1099279C true CN1099279C (zh) 2003-01-22

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AU1475495A (en) 1995-05-18
DE69310268T2 (de) 1997-08-21
ES2100391T3 (es) 1997-06-16
JPH0630964A (ja) 1994-02-08
DE69310268D1 (de) 1997-06-05
EP0571981B1 (en) 1997-05-02
EP0571981A1 (en) 1993-12-01
ES2100391T5 (es) 2005-03-01
AU658994B2 (en) 1995-05-04
CN1079141A (zh) 1993-12-08
AU3705593A (en) 1993-12-02
DE69310268T3 (de) 2004-12-30
AU675383B2 (en) 1997-01-30
KR100240235B1 (ko) 2000-01-15
CA2078472C (en) 2002-04-02
CA2078472A1 (en) 1993-11-30
MX9206167A (es) 1993-11-01
US5429630A (en) 1995-07-04
HK1006395A1 (en) 1999-02-26
MY111184A (en) 1999-09-30
AU1475895A (en) 1995-05-18
EP0571981B2 (en) 2004-07-14
KR930023023A (ko) 1993-12-18

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