CN109924090A - A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods improving tanshinone content - Google Patents
A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods improving tanshinone content Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods for improving tanshinone content, belong to field of plant cultivation.The present invention includes selection of land, fertilising of plowing, ridging, plants seedling, sprinkling sealer overlay film, growth management and harvest step, and wherein growth management step includes preventing weeds, controlling disease, preventing insect pest, drought resisting water drainage, top dressing and receive seed.The present invention selects organic fertilizer, natural herbicide and degradable mulch in planting process, on the one hand reduces the use of pesticide, improves the quality of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, on the other hand protects environment.Contain very high Tanshinone I I A content using the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae that implantation methods provided by the invention obtain, reaches as high as 0.79%, remote superstate standard.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant cultivation, especially a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods for improving tanshinone content.
Background technique
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is dicotyledon Lamiaceae Salvia category perennial vertical herbage plant, and root fertilizer is thick, outer vermilion, words spoken by an actor from offstage
Color, meat, Ye Changwei imparipinnate leaf, basidixed or axillary-racemes；Bract lanceolar, calyx is bell, band purple, corolla
Hyacinthine, style far ultraviolet are stretched, pyrene black, and ellipse is bloomed the 4-8 month, Hua Houjian fruit.
It is distributed the ground such as Chinese Anhui, Shanxi, Hebei, Sichuan, Jiangsu.In addition, Hubei, Gansu, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang
The ground such as river, Henan, Jiangxi.Japan is also distributed.
Classical prescription medication in Zhang Zhongjing " Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Disease " is mainly selected from Nanyang genuine traditional Chinese medicine material.Fructus Corni, the flower bud of lily magnolia, paulownia tangerine
Stalk, abundant Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, the tuber of pinellia, Cortex Eucommiae, Tang cape jasmine, Rhizoma Gastrodiae are the big famous product of Nanyang Chinese medicine eight, either ancient times book on Chinese herbal medicine record or present
Situation and variety and quality are planted, can be described as Nanyang genuine traditional Chinese medicine material, and be known as " as if eight big medicines ".
This kind of root is used as medicine, and contains tanshinone, is robustness emmenagogue, has the effectiveness such as dissolving stasis, raw new, promoting blood circulation, menstruation regulating, is gynaecology
Key medicine cures mainly uterine hemorrhage, irregular menstruation, blood stasis, abdominal pain, dysmenorrhoea, menostasis, mausoleum pain.There is good result to treatment coronary heart disease.This
The weak insomnia of nerve is also controlled outside, and arthralgia, anaemia, mazoitis, adenolymphitis, arthritis, boil pain is swollen, erysipelas, acute and chronic
Hepatitis, nephropyelitis, traumatic injury, advanced schistosomiasis hepatosplenomegaly , Dian Epilepsy.External application can wash dermatitis rhus again.
Be using sealer and mulch in plant culture process it is a kind of conventional method, but the two is organically combined mutual
Cooperation utilizes then rare report.
Sealer weeding principle is the principle by potential difference come weeding in the prior art.Most of herbicide before seedling stage pass through miscellaneous
The young shoot absorption of grass plays a role, and root seldom absorbs.Using medicament at about 1-2 centimetres of surface soil, killed by the medicine film of generation
Or inhibit the weed seed that can sprout in topsoil, and crop seed is because there is overburden layer protection, it can normal germinating growth.
Generally our common closing herbicides have: Acetochlor, pendimethalin, Yiyoushui etc., however Acetochlor safety
Difference, pendimethalin require soil wetability high, and Yiyoushui has a better effects just for milpa, atrazine holding effect in the soil
Phase is long, easily in the soil residual endanger succession crop, 2,4- drop class lasting periods are shorter, to later period broadleaf weeds control ability compared with
Difference is easy to produce leaching phytotoxicity in Low land, and the thifensulfuronmethyl lasting period is short, poor to later period broadleaf weeds control ability.
Mulch, that is, covered ground film, usually transparent or black PE film, also has green, silver thin film, covers for ground
Lid keeps soil moisture to improve the soil moisture, maintains soil texture, prevents pest attacks crop and certain micro-organisms from causing
Disease etc., promote the function of plant growth.
However, the mulching film planting provided in the prior art covers a large amount of plastic film in field, crop is residual after harvesting
It stays in the soil, it is difficult to degrade, pollution and damage are caused to soil.With stretching for plasticiser disturbance, mulch can not be settled
It is excessively high and influence people's health and still detecting whether in soil content of plasticizing agent will lead to.Although having now some degradable thin
Film, however cost is too high, it is difficult to it is universal.
Authorization Notice No. is the Chinese patent of 105724238 B of CN in the prior art, and it is red to also provide a kind of good quality and high output
The breeding method of ginseng, but this method is more concerned with propagation method, is not provided with better cultivation technique.
Summary of the invention
To overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods for improving tanshinone content, the present invention changes
Into planting technology, the organic fertilizer containing microbial bacterial agent applied, be made that specific aim prevents and treats for Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae common disease and pest,
Dedicated sealer and biodegradable films are also used, are reduced to the full extent each caused by pest and disease damage and weather reason
Kind harm, effectively improves the quality of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
Specifically, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods improving tanshinone content, include the following steps:
(1) selection of land: planting site is sandy soil, when planting site landform is mountainous region or ridge bottom, is selected to tailo；
(2) it plows fertilising: ploughing deeply soil 35cm or more, apply fertilizer 2500-3000kg per acre, plough under calcium phosphate per acre
30-80kg ploughs deeply soil 35cm or more before plantation again, whole carefully to rake, and makees the high ridge that height is 1.0-1.5m wide, and surrounding begins to rehearse
Ditch；
(3) ridging: for soil ridging using rotary tillage, ridging one, rotary tillage depth is 25-35cm, and ridging height is 25-35cm,
Ridge be it is trapezoidal, lower ground width be 80-90cm, upper bottom surface width be 35-45cm；
(4) plant seedling: selection late October to kind of a transplantation of seedlings is carried out during late November, opens seedling cave in ridge face first, repairs
Seedling root lower part is cut, 10-15cm is retained, seedling vertically or is tiltedly stood in seedling cave, ridging compacting, seedling cannot be exposed at soil layer
More than, plantation is implanted into using staggered form, line-spacing 20-30cm, spacing in the rows 18-25cm, 8000-10000 plants is planted per acre, according to soil
Ground soil moisture content, pours root water；
(5) it sprays sealer overlay film: spraying sealer after the completion of plantation immediately, amount of application is 50-150g/ mus, is then covered
Mulch, in the hole-ground film of seedling corresponding position, then selects the kind identical in quality with former seedling if any being short of seedling between month next year 3-4
Seedling is mended after 3 points of every afternoon and is planted；
(6) growth management:
A. controlling weeds: according to weed growth situation, herbicide is applied；
B. controlling disease: the symptom occurred for plant carries out specific aim prevention and treatment, applies different medicaments；
C. pest control: pest is pointedly killed with insecticide；
D. drought resisting is drained flooded fields: being begun to rehearse water groove between the annual 5-8 month in edge of a field rand, ponding is prevented, if drought
It need to water in time, watering should be carried out when ground temperature is lower than 30 DEG C；
E. it top dressing: after annual August, applies fertilizer in plant side trench, then earthing, topdressing amount is 30- per acre
50kg；
(7) harvest: the annual early spring Frost's Descent to next year turn green before for harvest time, select fine day integrally to dig out root, dry
To 5-6 at dry to get Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
It preferably, further include that f. receives seed in the growth management step；
The receipts seed method gathers in the mature seed of flower spike between the annual 6-7 month, and seed is avoided to fall into ground.
Preferably, the herbicide is Quizalotop-ethyl.
Preferably, the method for the controlling disease is as follows:
It when discovery seedling root system nigrescence, rots, when stem branch is withered, any one following medicament or various medicaments is used to mix
It uses:
A.30-50% iprodione missible oil, per hectare medication 500-700g；
B.30-50% dimethachlon wettable powder, per hectare medication 500-700g；
C.10-20% triazolone missible oil, per hectare medication 100-150g；
D.20-30% Tilt EC, per hectare medication 100-150g；
E.30-50% thiram wettable powder, per hectare medication 750-1000g；
F.60-75% mancozeb wettable powder, per hectare medication 750-1000g；
When discovery basal part of stem, bud head, rhizome portion are gradually rotted, become brown, cauline leaf jaundice uses any one following medicine
Agent or various medicaments are used in mixed way:
A.20-30% pyraclostrobin missible oil, per hectare medication 300-500g；
B.20-30% difenoconazole missible oil, per hectare medication 300-500g；
C.30-40% propamidine missible oil, per hectare medication 400-600g；
D.10-20% Metalaxyl-M water dispersible granules, per hectare medication 200-600g.
Preferably, pest control is put into as follows:
When there is aphid: withered strain is fallen leaves buried or burnt by winter clear garden；50% Folithion of period of disease mass concentration adds
Water is diluted to 1000-2000 times or is diluted with water to 1000-2000 times with 40% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate of mass concentration and sprays, and every 7-10 days
It is 1 time, 3-4 times continuous；
When there is three-spotted plusia: juvenile stage with 90% metrifonate of mass concentration be diluted with water to 800 times or with quality it is dense
It spends 50% phosphamidon missible oil and is diluted with water to 1500 times and spray 3-4 times, 7 days 1 time；
When there is bollworm: squaring period start with 50% phosphamidon missible oil of mass concentration be diluted with water 1500 times or with quality it is dense
It spends 25% Spanon aqua and is diluted with water 500 times of sprinklings；
When there is grub: light trap adult；It is mixed with 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of mass concentration by the 0.1% of seed weight
Kind；The field generation phase is diluted with water to 1000 times with 90% metrifonate or is diluted with water to 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of mass concentration
700 times of liquid wash filling；With 25 grams of Niran missible oil, fragrant wheat bran 5kg is stirred, water is added to be made into poison bait, trapped and killed in being spread on field at dusk.
Preferably, the fertilizer is the organic fertilizer containing microbial bacterial agent.
Preferably, the sealer includes macrocyclic host molecule, the compound containing no less than three conjugation carbon-carbon double bonds
It is prepared with the natural extract with weeding function；
The macrocyclic host molecule is selected from one of Cucurbituril, cyclodextrin and crown ether or a variety of.
It is highly preferred that the macrocyclic host molecule be selected from cucurbit [6] urea, cucurbit [7] urea, cucurbit [8] urea, 15-crown-5,
One of 6 ether of 18- crown-, 12-crown-4 ether, alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin and gamma-cyclodextrin are a variety of.
More electedly, the macrocyclic host molecule is cyclodextrin/cucurbit [6] urea.
Preferably, the compound for being conjugated carbon-carbon double bond containing no less than three includes retinol, retinene, view Huang
Acid, beta carotene, crocetin, bixin, lycopene, lutein, canthaxanthin, in echinenone any one or it is more
Kind.
Preferably, the natural extract with weeding function is pepper extract.
Preferably, the preparation method of the pepper extract is that the Chinese prickly ash dried is milled, with 3 times of Chinese prickly ash milling qualities
Solvent impregnated 12-36 hours, filtering takes liquid, and revolving removes solvent, and obtained solid is pepper extract；
Any one of the solvent in pentane, n-hexane, normal heptane, petroleum ether, acetone, methanol and ethyl alcohol.
Preferably, the sealer the preparation method is as follows:
(1) by with weeding function natural extract and macrocyclic host molecular mixing it is soluble in water, obtain solution A；
The natural extract with weeding function: macrocyclic host molecule: the mass ratio of water is 1:(2-5): (400-
500)；
(2) it disperses the compound containing no less than three conjugation carbon-carbon double bonds in the ethyl alcohol of 10-50 times of quality, score
Dispersion liquid B；
(3) by volume (5-10) by solution A and dispersion liquid B: 1 mixing, filtering are lyophilized to get sealer.
Preferably, the mulch is biodegradable films.
Preferably, the biodegradable films are prepared by fermented bean dregs and PBAT.
Preferably, the biodegradable films the preparation method is as follows:
(1) by by weight 20-30 part fermented bean dregs and 70-80 parts of PBAT mix, using double screw extruder, with
The screw speed of 120-150 DEG C of sample rate of the processing temperature of 3-5kg/h, 100-150rpm carries out extruding pelletization, get Ke Sheng
Object degradation particles；
(2) degradable granule is used into twin-screw thin film extruding machine extrusion forming, extrusion temperature is 150-155 DEG C, screw rod
Revolving speed is 100-150rpm, obtains degradable biological film；
Preferably, the degradable biological film with a thickness of 0.05-0.10mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the present invention uses fertilizer, sealer and the film of green natural, in not output reduction
On the basis of effectively promote safety and the nutritive value of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.The chemical fertilizer that the present invention uses only needs the 10- of generalization fertilizer amount
90% can be higher by the 8-30% of common fertilizer production.The chemical fertilizer that the present invention uses is the organic fertilizer containing microbial bacterial agent, can
To improve soil flora, chemical fertilizer absorbance is promoted.
Invention also uses sealer, the sealer is using natural products as active constituent, and the ingredient is in normal condition
Under will not discharge, macrocyclic host molecule is the inert water-wet side of biology, the compound for being conjugated containing no less than three carbon-carbon double bond
Long alkyl chain as hydrophobic side can with active herbicidal materials self assembly, under illumination condition, contain no less than three conjugation
The compound structure type of carbon-carbon double bond is overturn, and destroys original self-assembled structures, discharge active component.What the present invention selected contains not
The compound that carbon-carbon double bond is conjugated less than three is the compound for having and promoting Salvia miltiorrhiza Growth, not only can also promote it with weeding
Nutritive value is achieved many things at one stroke.
In addition, on the one hand for Winter protection, on the other hand in order to make sealer reach slow release effect used can biology
Degradable film, the Biodegradable film are made of fermented bean dregs, will not only pollute to soil after its decomposition, can also give
Crops bring certain nutrition, can slow down sealer effective component release speed when using as film with shaded portions sunlight
Degree extends sealer effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the cave ridge Mian Kai schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1 is seedling cave；2 be ridge face.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further elaborated on combined with specific embodiments below, following embodiments are only used to explain this
Invention can not be used to limit the present invention.
Specifically, raw material sources used in following embodiments are as follows:
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae seedling is Lamiaceae plant, and Classification system is Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, and seedling is by Henan text
Yi Tang pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd GAP cultivates to obtain in planting base.The planting base GAP is located at 113 ° of county, Henan Fangcheng east longitude, north latitude
33 °, on the line of demarcation in Tongbai mountain range and Funiu Shan Mountain arteries and veins, Basin of Huaihe River and the Yangtze river basin, north subtropical and southern warm temperate zone.Ground
Reason position is special, weather is unique.Particularly suitable Salvia miltiorrhiza Growth.
Organic fertilizer containing microbial bacterial agent, according to embodiment 3 in the Chinese patent that Authorization Notice No. is CN 1124244C
Method be prepared.
Polyethylene ground film, polyethylene/EBP mulch are purchased from Shandong Ecology Benign Plastics Technology Co., Ltd..
Chinese prickly ash, Classification system Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. is purchased from quotient's wholesale market of agricultural products in Nanyang.
Alpha-cyclodextrin, No. CAS: 10016-20-3.
Cucurbit [6] urea, CAS 80262-44-8.
Retinol, No. CAS: 68-26-8.
Bixin, No. CAS: 6893-79-5.
Canthaxanthin, No. CAS: 514-78-3.
Fermented bean dregs are purchased from Linqu County more feed factories forever.
PBAT, i.e. polyadipate/mutual-phenenyl two acid bromide two alcohol ester are produced, product for Jin Huizhaolong high and new technology Co., Ltd
Board is Ai Keweier, model FS-0330.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods improving tanshinone content, include the following steps:
(1) selection of land: planting site is that Henan text cures the planting base hall GAP, is located at Nanyang, henan Fangcheng County, planting site is chiltern
Soil；
(2) it plows fertilising: ploughing deeply soil 36cm, apply fertilizer 2800kg per acre, plough under calcium phosphate 50kg per acre, turning over
It is disposably applied before ground, ploughs deeply soil 36cm again before plantation, it is whole carefully to rake, make the high ridge that height is 1.3m wide, surrounding begins to rehearse
Ditch；
The fertilizer is the organic fertilizer containing microbial bacterial agent；
(3) ridging: for soil ridging using rotary tillage, ridging one, rotary tillage depth is 30cm, and ridging height is 30cm, and ridge is ladder
Shape, lower ground width are 85cm, and upper bottom surface width is 40cm；
(4) plant seedling: selection was opened seedling cave in ridge face first, and was repaired on October 25 to kind of a transplantation of seedlings is carried out during October 30
Seedling root lower part is cut, retains 12cm, seedling is tiltedly stood in seedling cave, ridging compacting, seedling cannot be exposed at soil layer or more, plant
It is implanted into using such as Fig. 1 mode staggered form, line-spacing 25cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, plants 9000 plants per acre, according to soil soil moisture content, it is fixed to pour
Root water to soil moisture content is 60%；
(5) it sprays sealer overlay film: spraying sealer after the completion of plantation immediately, amount of application is 150g/ mus, then covers one
Layer mulch, in next year late March, in the hole-ground film of seedling corresponding position, if any be short of seedling then selection and former seedling it is identical in quality
Seedling is mended after 3 points of every afternoon and is planted；
The sealer is prepared by alpha-cyclodextrin, retinol and pepper extract；
The sealer the preparation method is as follows:
(1) 22.9g pepper extract is mixed with 97.3g alpha-cyclodextrin and is dissolved in 10L water, obtain solution A；
(2) it disperses 28.6g retinol in 1L ethyl alcohol, obtains dispersion liquid B；
(3) 10L solution A and 1L dispersion liquid B are mixed, 100 mesh screens, freeze-drying is under -30 DEG C/50Pa to get sealer.
The preparation method of the pepper extract is that the Chinese prickly ash dried is milled, and the acetone for crossing 50 meshes, 3 times of quality soaks
Stain 24 hours, 100 mesh screens removed solid and take liquid, and 35 DEG C of revolvings remove solvent, and obtained solid is pepper extract.
The mulch is nondegradable colorless and transparent polyethylene ground film, thickness 0.010mm.
(6) growth management:
A. controlling weeds: according to weed growth situation, Quizalotop-ethyl herbicide agent is applied；
B. it controlling disease: when discovery seedling root system blacks, rots, when stem branch is withered, uses 40% iprodione missible oil, every public affairs
Hectare medication 600g；
When discovery basal part of stem, bud head, rhizome portion are gradually rotted, become brown, cauline leaf jaundice uses 30% pyraclostrobin
Missible oil, per hectare medication 400g；
C. pest control: pest is pointedly killed with insecticide；
When there is aphid: withered strain is fallen leaves buried or burnt by winter clear garden；50% Folithion of period of disease mass concentration adds
Water is diluted to 1200 times, every 7 days 1 time, continuous 3 times；
When there is three-spotted plusia: being diluted with water to 800 times with 90% metrifonate of mass concentration in juvenile stage and spray 3 times, 7 days
1 time；
When there is bollworm: squaring period starts to be diluted with water 1500 times with 50% phosphamidon missible oil of mass concentration；
When there is grub: light trap adult；It is mixed with 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of mass concentration by the 0.1% of seed weight
Kind；The field generation phase is diluted with water to 1000 times with 90% metrifonate or is diluted with water to 75% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of mass concentration
700 times of liquid wash filling；With 25 grams of Niran missible oil, fragrant wheat bran 5kg is stirred, water is added to be made into poison bait, trapped and killed in being spread on field at dusk.
D. drought resisting is drained flooded fields: being begun to rehearse water groove between the annual 5-8 month in edge of a field rand, ponding is prevented, if drought
It need to water in time, watering should be carried out when ground temperature is lower than 30 DEG C, control soil moisture content between 40-60%；
E. top dressing: fertilizer is applied in plant side trench, then earthing mid-August, topdressing amount is 45kg per acre；
The fertilizer is the organic fertilizer containing microbial bacterial agent；
(7) harvest: the annual early spring Frost's Descent to next year turn green before for harvest time, select fine day integrally to dig out root, dry
It is dry to get Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae to sixty percent.
Embodiment 2
Essentially identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 1, difference is only that growth management further includes receiving seed step, institute in the process
The seed method of receiving stated is to gather in the mature seed of flower spike annual late June, and seed is avoided to fall into ground.
Embodiment 3
Essentially identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 2, difference is only that sealer difference；
The sealer is prepared by alpha-cyclodextrin, bixin and pepper extract；
The sealer the preparation method is as follows:
(1) 22.9g pepper extract is mixed with 97.3g alpha-cyclodextrin and is dissolved in 10L water, obtain solution A；
(2) it disperses 39.4g bixin in 1L ethyl alcohol, obtains dispersion liquid B；
(3) 10L solution A and 1L dispersion liquid B are mixed, 100 mesh screens, freeze-drying is under -30 DEG C/50Pa to get sealer.
The preparation method of the pepper extract is that the Chinese prickly ash dried is milled, and the acetone for crossing 50 meshes, 3 times of quality soaks
Stain 24 hours, 100 mesh screens removed solid and take liquid, and 35 DEG C of revolvings remove solvent, and obtained solid is pepper extract.
Embodiment 4
Essentially identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 2, difference is only that sealer difference；
The sealer is prepared by alpha-cyclodextrin, canthaxanthin and pepper extract；
The sealer the preparation method is as follows:
(1) 22.9g pepper extract is mixed with 97.3g alpha-cyclodextrin and is dissolved in 10L water, obtain solution A；
(2) it disperses 56.4g canthaxanthin in 1L ethyl alcohol, obtains dispersion liquid B；
(3) 10L solution A and 1L dispersion liquid B are mixed, 100 mesh screens, freeze-drying is under -30 DEG C/50Pa to get sealer.
The preparation method of the pepper extract is that the Chinese prickly ash dried is milled, and the acetone for crossing 50 meshes, 3 times of quality soaks
Stain 24 hours, 100 mesh screens removed solid and take liquid, and 35 DEG C of revolvings remove solvent, and obtained solid is pepper extract.
Embodiment 5
Essentially identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 2, difference is only that sealer difference；
The sealer is prepared by cucurbit [6] urea, canthaxanthin and pepper extract；
The sealer the preparation method is as follows:
(1) 22.9g pepper extract is mixed with 99.6g cucurbit [6] urea and is dissolved in 10L water, obtain solution A；
(2) it disperses 56.4g canthaxanthin in 1L ethyl alcohol, obtains dispersion liquid B；
(3) 10L solution A and 1L dispersion liquid B are mixed, 100 mesh screens, freeze-drying is under -30 DEG C/50Pa to get sealer.
The preparation method of the pepper extract is that the Chinese prickly ash dried is milled, and the acetone for crossing 50 meshes, 3 times of quality soaks
Stain 24 hours, 100 mesh screens removed solid and take liquid, and 35 DEG C of revolvings remove solvent, and obtained solid is pepper extract.
Embodiment 6
Essentially identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 2, difference is only that sealer difference；
The sealer is prepared by alpha-cyclodextrin, cucurbit [6] urea, canthaxanthin and pepper extract；
The sealer the preparation method is as follows:
(1) 22.9g pepper extract, 49.8g cucurbit [6] urea and 48.6g alpha-cyclodextrin are mixed and is dissolved in 10L water, obtained
Solution A；
(2) it disperses 56.4g canthaxanthin in 1L ethyl alcohol, obtains dispersion liquid B；
(3) 10L solution A and 1L dispersion liquid B are mixed, 100 mesh screens, freeze-drying is under -30 DEG C/50Pa to get sealer.
The preparation method of the pepper extract is that the Chinese prickly ash dried is milled, and the acetone for crossing 50 meshes, 3 times of quality soaks
Stain 24 hours, 100 mesh screens removed solid and take liquid, and 35 DEG C of revolvings remove solvent, and obtained solid is pepper extract.
Embodiment 7
Essentially identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 6, difference is only that the mulch used is different；
The mulch that the present embodiment uses is colorless and transparent polyethylene/EBP mulch, belongs to degradable mulch, thickness
0.008mm。
Embodiment 8
Essentially identical with the implantation methods of embodiment 6, difference is only that the mulch used is different；
The mulch that the present embodiment uses is that colorless and transparent mulch is prepared by fermented bean dregs and PBAT, is belonged to degradablely
Film, thickness 0.010mm.
Mulch used in the present embodiment the preparation method is as follows:
(1) by by weight 30 parts of fermented bean dregs and 70 parts of PBAT mix, using double screw extruder, with 5kg/h
140 DEG C of sample rate of processing temperature, the screw speed of 100rpm carries out extruding pelletization, obtains biodegradable particle；
(2) by degradable granule use twin-screw thin film extruding machine extrusion forming, spiro rod length 150mm, L/D=18,
Extrusion temperature is 155 DEG C, and screw speed 100rpm obtains degradable biological film.
Test case 1
Active constituent content measuring
It is harvested during 21 to 25 November of next year after planting seedling, by the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae obtained by embodiment 1-8 kind 40 after harvest
After drying at DEG C, high effective liquid chromatography for measuring Tanshinone I I A and red phenol are used referring to " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " 2005 editions Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae parts
The content of sour B.
Test result is as shown in table 1.
1 active constituent content table of table
| Tanshinone I I A (%) | Tanshin polyphenolic acid B (%) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.22 | 3.10 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.27 | 3.52 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.25 | 3.84 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.38 | 5.13 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.44 | 5.37 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.67 | 7.03 |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.65 | 6.80 |
| Embodiment 8 | 0.79 | 7.52 |
The present invention provides a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods for improving tanshinone content, can effectively promote effective component in Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
Content, all embodiments can reach content as defined in " Chinese Pharmacopoeia ", and wherein the content of Tanshinone I I A generally has exceeded
3-4 times of required standard value.
Test case 2
Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae yield
November 25 next year is harvested after planting seedling, and it is flat to measure it to the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of harvest obtained according to embodiment 1-8 kind
Equal root long and yield, test result are as shown in table 2.
2 Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae of table is averaged root long and yield
As seen from the above table, the present invention provides Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods and can be obviously improved to Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae yield and quality, average
Root long longest reaches as high as 9971kg up to 23.4cm, per mu yield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods for improving tanshinone content, which comprises the steps of:
(1) selection of land: planting site is sandy soil, when planting site landform is mountainous region or ridge bottom, is selected to tailo；
(2) it plows fertilising: ploughing deeply soil 35cm or more, apply fertilizer 2500-3000kg per acre, plough under calcium phosphate 30- per acre
80kg ploughs deeply soil 35cm or more before plantation again, whole carefully to rake, and makees the high ridge that height is 1.0-1.5m wide, and surrounding begins to rehearse water
Ditch；
(3) ridging: for soil ridging using rotary tillage, ridging one, rotary tillage depth is 25-35cm, and ridging height is 25-35cm, and ridge is
Trapezoidal, lower ground width is 80-90cm, and upper bottom surface width is 35-45cm；
(4) plant seedling: selection late October to kind of a transplantation of seedlings is carried out during late November, opens seedling cave, trimming kind in ridge face first
Seedling root lower part retains 10-15cm, seedling is vertical or tiltedly stand in seedling cave, and ridging is compacted, seedling cannot be exposed at soil layer with
On, plantation is implanted into using staggered form, line-spacing 20-30cm, spacing in the rows 18-25cm, 8000-10000 plants is planted per acre, according to soil
Soil moisture content pours root water；
(5) it spraying sealer overlay film: spraying sealer after the completion of plantation immediately, amount of application is 50-150g/ mus, then covering film,
Between month next year 3-4, in the hole-ground film of seedling corresponding position, then select the seedling identical in quality with former seedling every if any being short of seedling
Cultivation is mended after at 3 points in its afternoon；
(6) growth management:
A. controlling weeds: according to weed growth situation, herbicide is applied；
B. controlling disease: the symptom occurred for plant carries out specific aim prevention and treatment, applies different medicaments；
C. pest control: pest is pointedly killed with insecticide；
D. drought resisting is drained flooded fields: begin to rehearse water groove between the annual 5-8 month in edge of a field rand, prevent ponding, needed if drought and
When water, watering should ground temperature be lower than 30 DEG C when carry out；
E. it top dressing: after annual August, applies fertilizer in plant side trench, then earthing, topdressing amount is 30-50kg per acre；
(7) harvest: the annual early spring Frost's Descent to next year turn green before for harvest time, select fine day integrally to dig out root, sunning to 5-6
Cheng Gan is to get Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae.
2. the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods according to claim 1 for improving tanshinone content, which is characterized in that the growth tube
It further include that f. receives seed in reason step；
The receipts seed method gathers in the mature seed of flower spike between the annual 6-7 month, and seed is avoided to fall into ground.
3. the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods according to claim 1 for improving tanshinone content, which is characterized in that the herbicide is
Quizalotop-ethyl.
4. the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods according to claim 1 for improving tanshinone content, which is characterized in that the controlling disease
Method it is as follows:
When discovery seedling root system blacks, rotten, when stem branch is withered, being mixed using any one following medicament or various medicaments is made
With:
A.30-50% iprodione missible oil, per hectare medication 500-700g；
B.30-50% dimethachlon wettable powder, per hectare medication 500-700g；
C.10-20% triazolone missible oil, per hectare medication 100-150g；
D.20-30% Tilt EC, per hectare medication 100-150g；
E.30-50% thiram wettable powder, per hectare medication 750-1000g；
F.60-75% mancozeb wettable powder, per hectare medication 750-1000g；
When discovery basal part of stem, bud head, rhizome portion are gradually rotted, become brown, cauline leaf jaundice, using any one following medicament or
Various medicaments are used in mixed way:
A.20-30% pyraclostrobin missible oil, per hectare medication 300-500g；
B.20-30% difenoconazole missible oil, per hectare medication 300-500g；
C.30-40% propamidine missible oil, per hectare medication 400-600g；
D.10-20% Metalaxyl-M water dispersible granules, per hectare medication 200-600g.
5. it is according to claim 1 improve tanshinone content Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods, which is characterized in that the fertilizer be containing
There is the organic fertilizer of microbial bacterial agent.
6. the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods according to claim 1 for improving tanshinone content, which is characterized in that the sealer packet
It includes macrocyclic host molecule, be conjugated the compound of carbon-carbon double bond and the natural extract system with weeding function containing no less than three
It is standby to form；
The macrocyclic host molecule is selected from one of Cucurbituril, cyclodextrin and crown ether or a variety of.
7. the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods according to claim 6 for improving tanshinone content, which is characterized in that described containing many
In three be conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds compound include retinol, retinene, retinoic acid, beta carotene, crocetin, redwood
Element, lycopene, lutein, canthaxanthin, any one or more in echinenone.
8. the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods according to claim 6 for improving tanshinone content, which is characterized in that have weeding function
Natural extract be pepper extract.
9. the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods according to claim 6 for improving tanshinone content, which is characterized in that the sealer
The preparation method is as follows:
(1) by with weeding function natural extract and macrocyclic host molecular mixing it is soluble in water, obtain solution A；
The natural extract with weeding function: macrocyclic host molecule: the mass ratio of water is 1:(2-5): (400-500)；
(2) it disperses the compound containing no less than three conjugation carbon-carbon double bonds in the ethyl alcohol of 10-50 times of quality, obtains dispersion liquid
B；
(3) by volume (5-10) by solution A and dispersion liquid B: 1 mixing, filtering are lyophilized to get sealer.
10. the Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae implantation methods according to claim 1 for improving tanshinone content, which is characterized in that the mulch is
Biodegradable films.
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