CN109924088A - A kind of southwest rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system - Google Patents
A kind of southwest rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109924088A CN109924088A CN201910236784.0A CN201910236784A CN109924088A CN 109924088 A CN109924088 A CN 109924088A CN 201910236784 A CN201910236784 A CN 201910236784A CN 109924088 A CN109924088 A CN 109924088A
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- rhizoma gymnadeniae
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of plant cultivation, more particularly to a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system, seed collection air-dries processing and saves, and cuts off fruit prior to seeding and obtains seed, the fine sand after mixing disinfection, spray Gibberellins solution, rhizoma gymnadeniae seed is seeded in matrix, earthing after the completion of seed sowing, behind seed growth 1 year of rudiment, end of the year sprout tumble filters out stem tuber and carries out sand storage；Rhizoma gymnadeniae stem tuber after early spring budding, is colonized in compartment face through sand storage.Percentage of seedgermination of the present invention is high, reaches 85%~90%；Young shoot planting percent is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular to a kind of southwest rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system.
Background technique
Rhizoma gymnadeniae is the qi-restoratives medicinal material of the ethnic drugs such as Tibetan medicine and anaesthetic, and dry tuber is used as medicine.It summer, the excavation of two season of autumn, removes
Fibrous root and silt, are dried, and are set in boiling water and are slightly scalded or boil to interior without the white heart, drying can be used as medicine.The Original plant of medicinal material rhizoma gymnadeniae
Mainly southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae (Gymnadeniaorchidis) is orchid family gymnadenia conopsea platymiscium, and stem is upright 17~35 centimetres high, and stem is straight
Vertical, more sturdy, cylindrical, base portion has 2~3 pieces of tubular sheaths, has 3~5 pieces of leaves thereon, and top has 1 to several pieces bracteal leaflets, leaf
Piece ellipse or ellipticity oblong, 4~16 centimetres long, 3~4.5 centimetres of wide (2.5-), apex is blunt or anxious point, base portion receive it is narrow at
Embrace the sheath of stem.The most dense flowers of raceme tool, it is cylindrical, it is 4~14 centimetres long；Petal piece lanceolar, upright to stretch, apex
Tapering, not at shape of tail, lowest part is considerably longer than flower；Ovary spindle, top is slightly curved, and even bennet is 7~8 millimeters long；Hua Zi
Red or pink, it is few for band white；The most dense flowers of raceme tool, cylindrical, flower aubergine or pink, extremely seldom
For band white, 7~September is bloomed.It is distributed in the High aititude region that Gansu-Qinghai-Sichuan-Yunnan-Eastern Tibet is bordered on to south,
The Main Types of Vegetation is alpine meadow or alpine scrub meadow.Stem tuber ovate-elliptic, 1~3 centimetre long, meat is more sturdy, under
Portion's palmation.
Hiding is covered etc. and is used on national traditions using rhizoma gymnadeniae as dual-purpose of drug and food resource plant, with national medicine in recent years
It is risen with big health industry, gymnadenia conopsea usage amount steeply rises.Excavation wild resource causes the Vulnerable Ecosystems such as alpine meadow tight
Ecological disruption again, many regions have forbidden excavating wild rhizoma gymnadeniae, and the problem of artificial growth maximum is kind of a source problem, especially
Seedling problem.Rhizoma gymnadeniae plant is short and small, and stem tuber is small, tuber growth only one bud of extraction formation one in 1 year, old stem leaf and stem tuber quilt
It absorbs, thus gymnadenia conopsea does not form plant proliferation during the growth process, therefore stem tuber Propagation Methods are undesirable；In terms of seminal propagation,
As orchid gymnadenia conopsea as most of orchids, High aititude region florescence section kernel maturing is poor, in addition kind is careful
Micro-, seed natural propagation is difficult.A large amount of axenic germination research discovery seed disinfection difficulty is very big at present, in addition endophyte shadow
It rings, sprouts the period and extremely grow, do not have production application substantially and be worth.
Summary of the invention
Using southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae infructescence, seed carries out nursery live streaming using seed and sprouts the technology of the present invention after pretreatment
The method of hair carries out the quick industrialization breeding of rhizoma gymnadeniae seedling, it is intended to overcome rhizoma gymnadeniae seminal propagation coefficient is low, seedling is difficult etc.
Restraining factors provide new technology realization means for gymnadenia conopsea scale intensive culture and national characters industry development.
Specific technical solution are as follows:
A kind of southwest rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system, includes the following steps:
(1) seed collection and pre-treatment: the rhizoma gymnadeniae infructescence of mid or late November is acquired, in spy after particular technology is handled
Determine to save under environment, be sowed after particular procedure prior to seeding；Processing technique, which is that room temperature is air-dried, prevents browning and mildew；
Specific environment is alternately to store (alt time 5 days, alternate frequency 4~7 times) under the conditions of -10 DEG C and 4 DEG C；It is special before seed sowing
Fixed processing obtains seed to cut off fruit, and the fine sand after mixing disinfection sprays Gibberellins solution (5~10ppm of concentration), humidity is suitable
Degree is suitable for sowing；
(2) prepare matrix: carrying out rhizoma gymnadeniae seed sowing work first half of the month preparation seed germination matrix, matrix is by more
The complex material that kind special component is composed according to corresponding proportion, matrix carry out disinfection after preparing；Seed germination matrix
It is by coarse sand after 4~5cm of bottom, 4~5cm of middle layer, 10 mesh sawdusts of thickness, surface layer 1~2cm thickness is 20 mesh coco brans composition, substrate combination
Water spray compacting after the completion；Since high temperature and humidity needs to stablize 10 days after the completion of matrix disinfection；
(3) it sows: will be seeded in by the rhizoma gymnadeniae seed of step (1) processing by step (2) processed matrix,
Earthing after the completion of seed sowing；Earthing is covered with 40 meshes dress weeds ashes after the completion of seed sowing, and thickness loses carefully
Sand is advisable；
(4) seedbed management: after the completion of the sowing of step (3) seed, pipe is carried out according to the technical standard of corresponding seedbed management
Reason；Seedbed management technology is that humidity is maintained at 75%~90%, and mist sprays when humidification, and spray is that clean water and 5~10ppm are red mould
Plain solution is used alternatingly.Temperature is 20~25 DEG C of daytime, 15~20 DEG C at night.Shading rate is shading 80%；
(5) seed germination: early spring sowing, seed germination time are 40~60 days.Visually visible seedling (2~4 leaf) be 90~
120 days, height of seedling 5cm about 200~240 days；
(6) stem tuber screens: behind seed growth 1 year of step (5) rudiment, end of the year sprout tumble filters out stem tuber and carries out sand
Hiding；Screening rhizoma gymnadeniae stem tuber standard is stem tuber diameter between 1~2cm；Stem tuber sand storage condition is in 15 DEG C of sand storages；
(7) prepare field planting ground: behind selection field planting ground, according to particular technology standard ridging, building sunshade net and drip irrigation system；
Field planting ground ridging standard refers to the wide 80cm~100cm in compartment, compartment 30~35cm of ditch depth；
(8) be colonized: rhizoma gymnadeniae stem tuber after early spring budding, is colonized in compartment face according to particular technology standard through sand storage；Stem tuber
Field planting standard is divided into 3~5cm between the plant of compartment face.Fine sand or fertile soil and loam are mixed according to 1~1 ratio, then with 10
Mesh mesh screen carries out 2~4cm of screen cover, trickle irrigation root water after the completion of earthing；
(9) field planting ground management: field planting ground is managed according to specific technical standard.Field planting ground administrative standard is to keep compartment
Surface humidity is to 70% field capacity.
A kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system provided by the invention, the technical effect having:
(1) percentage of seedgermination is high, and rhizoma gymnadeniae seed improves its germination percentage after the technology of the present invention is handled, and premenstruum (premenstrua) grinds
Studying carefully proves that rhizoma gymnadeniae seed germination percentage after the technology of the present invention processing reaches 85%~90%；
(2) planting percent is high, after rhizoma gymnadeniae germination under the particular substrate and cura specialis technology of the technology of the present invention
Well-grown, young shoot planting percent are apparently higher than other technologies.
Specific embodiment
It is described in conjunction with the embodiments the specific technical solution of the present invention.
(1) seed collection and pre-treatment: acquiring the rhizoma gymnadeniae infructescence of mid or late November, by room temperature air-dry prevent browning and
It alternately saves within storage (alt time 5 days, alternate frequency 4~7 times) under the conditions of -10 DEG C and 4 DEG C after mildew, cuts off prior to seeding
Fruit obtains seed, and the fine sand after mixing disinfection sprays Gibberellins solution (5~10ppm of concentration), and humidity appropriateness is suitable for sowing；
(2) prepare matrix: carrying out rhizoma gymnadeniae seed sowing work first half of the month preparation seed germination matrix, matrix is the bottom of by
Coarse sand after 4~5cm of layer, 4~5cm of middle layer, 10 mesh sawdusts of thickness, surface layer 1~2cm thickness is that 20 mesh coco brans form, after the completion of substrate combination
Water spray compacting, matrix carry out disinfection after preparing, matrix disinfection is after the completion since high temperature and humidity needs to stablize 10 days；
(3) it sows: will be seeded in by the rhizoma gymnadeniae seed of step (1) processing by step (2) processed matrix,
It is covered after the completion of seed sowing with 40 meshes dress weeds ashes, thickness, which loses fine sand, to be advisable；
(4) seedbed management: after the completion of the sowing of step (3) seed, seedbed humidity is maintained at 75%~90%, mist when humidification
Spray, spray are that clean water is used alternatingly with 5~10ppm Gibberellins solution.Nursery bed temperature be 20~25 DEG C of daytime, at night 15~
20℃.Seedbed shading rate is shading 80%；
(5) seed germination: early spring sowing, seed germination time are 40~60 days.Visually visible seedling (2~4 leaf) be 90~
120 days, height of seedling 5cm about 200~240 days；
(6) stem tuber screens: behind seed growth 1 year of step (5) rudiment, end of the year sprout tumble filters out stem tuber diameter 1
Stem tuber between~2cm carries out 15 DEG C of sand storages；
(7) prepare field planting ground: behind selection field planting ground, according to the wide 80cm~100cm in compartment, compartment ditch depth 30~35cm ridging is taken
Build sunshade net and drip irrigation system；
(8) be colonized: rhizoma gymnadeniae stem tuber after early spring budding, is colonized through sand storage according to 3~5cm is divided between the plant of compartment face.It will
Fine sand or fertile soil and loam are mixed according to 1~1 ratio, are then carried out 2~4cm of screen cover with 10 mesh mesh screens, are dripped after the completion of earthing
Fill root water；
(9) field planting ground management: keep compartment surface humidity to 70% field capacity after the completion of field planting, until emergence.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of southwest rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seed collection and pre-treatment: acquiring the rhizoma gymnadeniae infructescence of mid or late November, saves at ambient after air-drying,
It is sowed after treatment before sowing；
(2) prepare matrix: carrying out rhizoma gymnadeniae seed sowing work first half of the month preparation seed germination matrix, matrix carries out after preparing
Disinfection；
(3) it sows: will be seeded in by the rhizoma gymnadeniae seed of step (1) processing by step (2) processed matrix, seed
Earthing after the completion of sowing；
(4) it seedbed management: after the completion of the sowing of step (3) seed, is managed according to the technical standard of corresponding seedbed management；
(5) seed germination: early spring sowing, seed germination time are 40~60 days.Visually visible seedling (2~4 leaf) is 90~120
It, height of seedling 5cm about 200~240 days；
(6) stem tuber screens: behind seed growth 1 year of step (5) rudiment, end of the year sprout tumble filters out stem tuber and carries out sand storage；
(7) prepare field planting ground: behind selection field planting ground, according to technical standard ridging, building sunshade net and drip irrigation system；
(8) be colonized: rhizoma gymnadeniae stem tuber after early spring budding, is colonized in compartment face according to technical standard through sand storage；
(9) field planting ground management: field planting ground is managed according to trick standard.
2. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1)
The environment is alternately to store under the conditions of -10 DEG C and 4 DEG C, alt time 5 days, alternate frequency 4~7 times.
3. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1)
Pass through processing before the sowing and obtains seed to cut off fruit, the fine sand after mixing disinfection, spray Gibberellins solution, concentration 5~
10ppm。
4. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2)
It is 20 that the seed germination matrix, which is by bottom 4~5cm thickness coarse sand, the thick 10 mesh sawdusts of 4~5cm of middle layer, surface layer 1~2cm thickness,
Mesh coco bran forms, compacting of spraying water after the completion of substrate combination, after the completion of matrix disinfection, stablizes 10 days.
5. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3)
Earthing is covered with 40 meshes dress weeds ashes after the completion of the seed sowing, and thickness loses fine sand.
6. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4)
The seedbed management technology is, humidity is maintained at 75%~90%, and mist sprays when humidification, and spray is clean water and 5~10ppm
Gibberellins solution is used alternatingly；Temperature is 20~25 DEG C of daytime, 15~20 DEG C at night；Shading rate is shading 80%.
7. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (6)
The screening rhizoma gymnadeniae stem tuber standard is stem tuber diameter between 1~2cm；Stem tuber sand storage condition is in 15 DEG C of sand storages.
8. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (7)
The field planting ridging standard refer to the wide 80cm~100cm in compartment, compartment 30~35cm of ditch depth.
9. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (8)
The stem tuber field planting standard is divided into 3~5cm between the plant of compartment face；Fine sand or fertile soil and loam are compared according to volume ratio 1~1
Example mixing, then carries out 2~4cm of screen cover with 10 mesh mesh screens, trickle irrigation root water after the completion of earthing.
10. a kind of southwestern rhizoma gymnadeniae Industrialization of seeds and seedlings mating system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (9)
The field planting administrative standard be to keep compartment surface humidity to 70% field capacity.
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Citations (5)
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| CN103404268A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2013-11-27 | 华润三九医药股份有限公司 | Seedling culturing and planting method of holly root |
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| CN104782375A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 陕西师范大学 | Germination accelerating method for Bletilla ochracea corm in winter |
| CN105746115A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-07-13 | 何淑玲 | Domesticating cultivation method of gymnadenia conopsea |
| CN107124980A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-05 | 会泽龙泰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of seedling breeding method of wild wallich swallowwort root |
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2019
- 2019-03-27 CN CN201910236784.0A patent/CN109924088A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103460921A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-12-25 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Emmenopterys henryi pollution-free planting method |
| CN103404268A (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2013-11-27 | 华润三九医药股份有限公司 | Seedling culturing and planting method of holly root |
| CN104782375A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 陕西师范大学 | Germination accelerating method for Bletilla ochracea corm in winter |
| CN105746115A (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2016-07-13 | 何淑玲 | Domesticating cultivation method of gymnadenia conopsea |
| CN107124980A (en) * | 2017-05-02 | 2017-09-05 | 会泽龙泰农业开发有限公司 | A kind of seedling breeding method of wild wallich swallowwort root |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 宋晓明等: "兰科植物手掌参的人工繁育技术研究", 《中国新技术新产品》 * |
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Application publication date: 20190625 |
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