CN109717117A - A kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei - Google Patents
A kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei Download PDFInfo
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- CN109717117A CN109717117A CN201910196756.0A CN201910196756A CN109717117A CN 109717117 A CN109717117 A CN 109717117A CN 201910196756 A CN201910196756 A CN 201910196756A CN 109717117 A CN109717117 A CN 109717117A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, including establish cultivation greenhouse, Penaeus Vannmei put in a suitable place to breed it is preceding prepare, shrimp seedling puts in a suitable place to breed, feeding management, water quality management.By autogamy complex micro organism fungicide, advantageous microbial flora is formed in water body, reduces water pollution.The technology of the present invention is simply applicable in, and cost input is low, strong operability, reduces the cultivation risk of Penaeus Vannmei, reduces the generation of disease.Recycling for water quality in warm canopy is improved, Water Eutrophication caused by widely applying feed is significantly improved, waterside number is changed in reduction, is conducive to the appetite for increasing Penaeus Vannmei, improves the digestive utilization ratio of feed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture fields, more particularly to a kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultivation side of Penaeus Vannmei
Method.
Background technique
Penaeus Vannmei, the entitled shrimp of Chinese commodity, Penaeus Vannmei category eurysalinity, tropical shrimp species have shell thin
Body is fertile, Fresh & Tender in Texture, dressing percentage high (65%), the advantages that disease resistance is strong, the speed of growth is fast, full of nutrition, originates in America
Pacific rim waters is one of the big shrimp species of shrimps in culture yield highest three generally acknowledged in the world today, and China was in 1988
It introduces, is mainly cultivated in coastal eurysalinity waters.The cultivation of Penaeus Vannmei develops to hinterland from coastal area, cultivates mould
Diversification is also presented in formula, and the cultivation of coastal area winter canopy, the pure fresh water Tu Tang cultivation in inland, northern industrial aquaculture almost start complete
The prawn culturing upsurge of state's property.Currently on Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquaculture industry, it is dedicated feeding to be typically necessary progress hand excavation
Pond is grown, and aquaculture pond is built specification and be there are certain requirements, and even to destroy showing for the high-quality soil such as mud wetland, mangrove sometimes
It is stateful, although final economic benefit is centainly promoted, there is certain destruction to natural environment, increase aquaculture cost, push away
Extensively get up also to have certain limitation.
Therefore it is badly in need of being further improved the cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, is supported with reaching to carry out promoting in natural water area
It grows, promotes the purpose of culture of Penaeus vannamei industry development.Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region's Wei Yu East of Northwest China, Upper-middle Reaches of The Yellow River,
Be located in that temperate zone is semiarid, arid biogeographic zone, precipitation is rare, and evaporation is strong, the soil salinization problem of irrigation areas receive Ningxia from
The highest attention in area is controlled, the salinization of soil has become one of the major issue for influencing Ningxia agricultural production, and Penaeus Vannmei is resistance to
Salt alkali ability is strong, supports shrimp recirculated water and is very beneficial for saline and alkaline improvement.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei.
A kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, feature include the following steps:
(1) establish the greenhouse of rice shrimp intercropping: cultivation base uses the Saline-alkali ponds of high density temperature canopy intensive culture mode, each
The area in pond is 5 mu, and the depth of water is 0.5m~0.9m, is above the vinyl house of steel frame construction, has independent recirculated water channel,
Each pond water inlet in base is independent, unimpeded；A water inlet from pond, the mode of the circulation of other end draining, into
The mouth of a river is equipped with 1 kilowatt/mu of oxygen transfer；
(2) pond disinfection 1. pond disinfection: the preparation before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed: is carried out using hydrogen peroxide；It applies per acre
It 20 kilograms, is watered the full pool and splashes；2. pond intakes: after pond disinfection 5 days, 5 days before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, with the sleeve-like sieve of 40 mesh
Filtered water inlet 0.5m~0.6m is added catalase, 100g is added per acre；3. complex micro organism fungicide is added, dosage be 3~
4kg/ mus；
(3) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: pond depth of water 0.6m~0.7m, and 20 DEG C of water temperature or so carry out putting seedling；First batch puts seedling on March
Ten days, per acre 100,000 tail；Seedling is put for the second time in late July, per acre 100,000 tail；
(4) feeding management: day feeding rate is the 1%~2% of shrimp weight；Seedling stage dietary protein level 45%~50%,
Fat content 3%~5%；Dietary protein level 40%~45% after the long 5cm of shrimp body, fat content 4%~6%；
(5) water quality management: it is primary to change within 20~25 days water, each quantity of exchanged water in 0.1~0.12m, meet breeding water body with
Lower water quality indicator: transparency 0.35m~0.4m, pH value 7.5~9.0, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen 0.2mg/L is hereinafter, Asia
Nitrate 0.05~0.08mg/L, sulfide 0.05mg/L or less.
Preferably, in step (2), the vigor of the catalase is 10000u/mL.
Preferably, in step (2), the complex micro organism fungicide is grouped as: withered grass by each group of following mass percent
Bacillus 20%~30%, bacillus coagulans 30%~50%, bacillus licheniformis 20%~40%, and be made compound micro-
Bacteria agent activating solution, is uniformly sprayed in pond.
Preferably, it the microbial bacterial agent activating solution: is grouped as by each group of following mass percent: glucose 1%
~3%, urea 6%~10%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2%~5%, water 70%~95%；Combined fermentation microbial inoculum is activated at 30 DEG C
30min is activated in liquid.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1, the present invention can use probiotics, improve south
The breeding environment of penaeus vannamei forms the microecological balance environment of a suitable Penaeus Vannmei, is conducive to north and south white shrimp and exists
Good growth conditions in saline-alkali water；2, culture of Penaeus vannamei is used for irrigation of paddy fields with water by the present invention, improves saline-alkali soil
Earth environment increases soil organic matter content, forms the three-dimensional complex agro-ecosystem based on rice+Penaeus Vannmei,
Warm canopy intensive culture Penaeus Vannmei is drained by organic water rice field and carries out purified treatment, again by shrimp-cultivation pool after circulation
It is used with shrimp temperature canopy, organic water rice field and shrimp-cultivation pool and shrimp temperature canopy is separated, solve intensive culture Penaeus Vannmei water quality inferiority
Cause to cultivate the high problem of the death rate；3, the present invention is added hydrogen peroxide and carries out disinfection, than common limewash, chlorine dioxide etc.
Sterilized articles therefrom is compared, and disinfection is more thorough, and remaining hydrogen peroxide is hydrolyzed with catalase after sanitized, complete
Achieve the purpose that sterilized articles therefrom noresidue entirely, not will cause remaining thimerosal and have an adverse effect to Penaeus Vannmei；4, originally
Invention is increased to 900 jin by initial 450 jin, is greatly improved by scientific culture mode, the every per mu yield of Penaeus Vannmei temperature canopy
The yield and quality of Penaeus Vannmei, increasing both production and income while consumption reduction.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, below to specific reality of the invention
The mode of applying is described in detail.In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention.But
The invention can be embodied in many other ways as described herein, and those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to this hair
Similar improvement is done in the case where bright intension, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Combined with specific embodiments below, the invention will be further elaborated.
Embodiment 1
A kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, feature include the following steps:
(1) establish the greenhouse of rice shrimp intercropping: cultivation base uses the Saline-alkali ponds of high density temperature canopy intensive culture mode, each
The area in pond is 5 mu, depth of water 0.5m, is above the vinyl house of steel frame construction, has an independent recirculated water channel, in base
Each pond water inlet it is independent, unimpeded；A water inlet from pond, the mode of the circulation of other end draining, water inlet are matched
Standby 1 kilowatt/mu of oxygen transfer；
(2) pond disinfection 1. pond disinfection: the preparation before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed: is carried out using hydrogen peroxide；It applies per acre
It 20 kilograms, is watered the full pool and splashes；2. pond intakes: after pond disinfection 5 days, 5 days before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, with the sleeve-like sieve of 40 mesh
Catalase is added in filtered water inlet 0.5m, and the vigor of catalase is 10000u/mL, and 100g is added per acre；3. being added multiple
Microbial bacterial agent is closed, complex micro organism fungicide is grouped as by each group of following mass percent: bacillus subtilis 30%, condensation
Bacillus 30%, bacillus licheniformis 40%, and complex micro organism fungicide activating solution is made；Microbial bacterial agent activating solution by with
The each group of lower mass percent is grouped as: glucose 1%, urea 6%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2%, water 91%；By combined fermentation bacterium
Agent activates 30min in 30 DEG C of activating solutions, is uniformly sprayed in pond, and dosage is 3kg/ mus；
(3) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: pond depth of water 0.6m, and 20 DEG C of water temperature or so carry out putting seedling；First batch puts seedling in early March, often
100,000 tails of mu；Seedling is put for the second time in late July, per acre 100,000 tail；
(4) feeding management: day feeding rate is the 1% of shrimp weight；Seedling stage dietary protein level 45%, fat content 5%；
Dietary protein level 40% after the long 5cm of shrimp body, fat content 4%；
(5) water quality management: change within 20 days that water is primary, and each quantity of exchanged water makes breeding water body meet following water quality indicator in 0.1m:
Transparency 0.4m, pH value 7.5, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen 0.2mg/L are hereinafter, nitrite 0.05mg/L, sulfide
0.05mg/L or less.
Embodiment 2
A kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, feature include the following steps:
(1) establish the greenhouse of rice shrimp intercropping: cultivation base uses the Saline-alkali ponds of high density temperature canopy intensive culture mode, each
The area in pond is 5 mu, depth of water 0.9m, is above the vinyl house of steel frame construction, has an independent recirculated water channel, in base
Each pond water inlet it is independent, unimpeded；A water inlet from pond, the mode of the circulation of other end draining, water inlet are matched
Standby 1 kilowatt/mu of oxygen transfer；
(2) pond disinfection 1. pond disinfection: the preparation before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed: is carried out using hydrogen peroxide；It applies per acre
It 20 kilograms, is watered the full pool and splashes；2. pond intakes: after pond disinfection 5 days, 5 days before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, with the sleeve-like sieve of 40 mesh
Catalase is added in filtered water inlet 0.6m, and the vigor of catalase is 10000u/mL, and 100g is added per acre；3. being added multiple
Microbial bacterial agent is closed, complex micro organism fungicide is grouped as by each group of following mass percent: bacillus subtilis 30%, condensation
Bacillus 50%, bacillus licheniformis 20%, and complex micro organism fungicide activating solution is made；Microbial bacterial agent activating solution by with
The each group of lower mass percent is grouped as: glucose 3%, urea 10%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2%, water 85%；By combined fermentation bacterium
Agent activates 30min in 30 DEG C of activating solutions, and dosage is 4kg/ mus；
(3) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: pond depth of water 0.7m, and 20 DEG C of water temperature or so carry out putting seedling；First batch puts seedling in early March, often
100,000 tails of mu；Seedling is put for the second time in late July, per acre 100,000 tail；
(4) feeding management: day feeding rate is the 2% of shrimp weight；Seedling stage dietary protein level 50%, fat content 5%；
Dietary protein level 45% after the long 5cm of shrimp body, fat content 6%；
(5) water quality management: change within 25 days that water is primary, and each quantity of exchanged water makes breeding water body meet following water quality and refer in 0.12m
Mark: transparency 0.4m, pH value 9.0, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen 0.2mg/L are hereinafter, nitrite 0.08mg/L, sulfide
0.05mg/L or less.
Embodiment 3
A kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, feature include the following steps:
(1) establish the greenhouse of rice shrimp intercropping: cultivation base uses the Saline-alkali ponds of high density temperature canopy intensive culture mode, each
The area in pond is 5 mu, depth of water 0.7m, is above the vinyl house of steel frame construction, has an independent recirculated water channel, in base
Each pond water inlet it is independent, unimpeded；A water inlet from pond, the mode of the circulation of other end draining, water inlet are matched
Standby 1 kilowatt/mu of oxygen transfer；
(2) pond disinfection 1. pond disinfection: the preparation before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed: is carried out using hydrogen peroxide；It applies per acre
It 20 kilograms, is watered the full pool and splashes；2. pond intakes: after pond disinfection 5 days, 5 days before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, with the sleeve-like sieve of 40 mesh
Catalase is added in filtered water inlet 0.6m, and the vigor of catalase is 10000u/mL, and 100g is added per acre；3. being added multiple
Microbial bacterial agent is closed, complex micro organism fungicide is grouped as by each group of following mass percent: bacillus subtilis 20%, condensation
Bacillus 50%, bacillus licheniformis 30%, and complex micro organism fungicide activating solution is made；Microbial bacterial agent activating solution by with
The each group of lower mass percent is grouped as: glucose 3%, urea 10%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 5%, water 82%；By combined fermentation bacterium
Agent activates 30min in 30 DEG C of activating solutions, and dosage is 4kg/ mus；
(3) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: pond depth of water 0.6m, and 20 DEG C of water temperature or so carry out putting seedling；First batch puts seedling in early March, often
100,000 tails of mu；Seedling is put for the second time in late July, per acre 100,000 tail；
(4) feeding management: day feeding rate is the 1% of shrimp weight；Seedling stage dietary protein level 47%, fat content 4%；
Dietary protein level 45% after the long 5cm of shrimp body, fat content 5%；
(5) water quality management: change within 23 days that water is primary, and each quantity of exchanged water makes breeding water body meet following water quality and refer in 0.11m
Mark: transparency 0.37m, pH value 8.0, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen 0.2mg/L are hereinafter, nitrite 0.07mg/L, vulcanization
Object 0.05mg/L or less.
Embodiment 4
A kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, feature include the following steps:
(1) establish the greenhouse of rice shrimp intercropping: cultivation base uses the Saline-alkali ponds of high density temperature canopy intensive culture mode, each
The area in pond is 5 mu, depth of water 0.5m, is above the vinyl house of steel frame construction, has an independent recirculated water channel, in base
Each pond water inlet it is independent, unimpeded；A water inlet from pond, the mode of the circulation of other end draining, water inlet are matched
Standby 1 kilowatt/mu of oxygen transfer；
(2) pond disinfection 1. pond disinfection: the preparation before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed: is carried out using hydrogen peroxide；It applies per acre
It 20 kilograms, is watered the full pool and splashes；2. pond intakes: after pond disinfection 5 days, 5 days before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, with the sleeve-like sieve of 40 mesh
Catalase is added in filtered water inlet 0.6m, and the vigor of catalase is 10000u/mL, and 100g is added per acre；3. being added multiple
Microbial bacterial agent is closed, complex micro organism fungicide is grouped as by each group of following mass percent: bacillus subtilis 20%, condensation
Bacillus 40%, bacillus licheniformis 40%, and complex micro organism fungicide activating solution is made；Microbial bacterial agent activating solution by with
The each group of lower mass percent is grouped as: glucose 2%, urea 8%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 3%, water 87%；By combined fermentation bacterium
Agent activates 30min in 30 DEG C of activating solutions, and dosage is 3kg/ mus；
(3) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: pond depth of water 0.7m, and 20 DEG C of water temperature or so carry out putting seedling；First batch puts seedling in early March, often
100,000 tails of mu；Seedling is put for the second time in late July, per acre 100,000 tail；
(4) feeding management: day feeding rate is the 2% of shrimp weight；Seedling stage dietary protein level 45%, fat content 5%；
Dietary protein level 45% after the long 5cm of shrimp body, fat content 4%；
(5) water quality management: change within 20 days that water is primary, and each quantity of exchanged water makes breeding water body meet following water quality indicator in 0.1m:
Transparency 0.4m, pH value 9.0, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen 0.2mg/L are hereinafter, nitrite 0.058mg/L, sulfide
0.05mg/L or less.
Comparative example
A kind of cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, feature include the following steps:
(1) establish the greenhouse of rice shrimp intercropping: cultivation base uses the Saline-alkali ponds of high density temperature canopy intensive culture mode, each
The area in pond is 5 mu, depth of water 0.5m, is above the vinyl house of steel frame construction, has an independent recirculated water channel, in base
Each pond water inlet it is independent, unimpeded；A water inlet from pond, the mode of the circulation of other end draining, water inlet are matched
Standby 1 kilowatt/mu of oxygen transfer；
(2) pond disinfection 1. pond disinfection: the preparation before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed: is carried out using limewash water；It applies per acre
With 20 kilograms, it is watered the full pool and splashes；2. pond intakes: after pond disinfection 5 days, 5 days before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, being sieved with the sleeve-like of 40 mesh
Net filtration water inlet 0.5m；
(3) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: pond depth of water 0.6m, and 20 DEG C of water temperature or so carry out putting seedling；First batch puts seedling in early March, often
100,000 tails of mu；Seedling is put for the second time in late July, per acre 100,000 tail；
(4) feeding management: day feeding rate is the 1% of shrimp weight；Seedling stage dietary protein level 45%, fat content 5%；
Dietary protein level 40% after the long 5cm of shrimp body, fat content 4%；
(5) water quality management: change within 20 days that water is primary, and each quantity of exchanged water makes breeding water body meet following water quality indicator in 0.1m:
Transparency 0.5m, pH value 8.0, dissolved oxygen 5mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen 0.3mg/L are hereinafter, nitrite 0.09mg/L, sulfide
0.07mg/L or less.
Test result
1 this patent cultural method of table is compared with the culture efficiency of conventional cultivation method
As shown in Table 1, Examples 1 to 4 is compared with comparative example 1, the per mu yield 900kg of embodiment, the per mu yield of comparative example
It is 450kg, embodiment is than one times of output increased of comparative example, and embodiment 1 year cultivate 2 batches, and comparative example can only cultivate one
The survival rate of stubble, embodiment improves 6.8% or more than comparative example, and embodiment has apparent cultivation advantage than comparative example.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, which comprises the following steps:
(1) establish the greenhouse of rice shrimp intercropping: cultivation base uses the Saline-alkali ponds of high density temperature canopy intensive culture mode, each pond
Area be 5 mu, the depth of water be 0.5m~0.9m, be above the vinyl house of steel frame construction, have independent recirculated water channel, base
Interior each pond water inlet is independent, unimpeded；A water inlet from pond, the mode of the circulation of other end draining, water inlet
It is equipped with 1 kilowatt/mu of oxygen transfer；
(2) pond disinfection 1. pond disinfection: the preparation before Penaeus Vannmei is put in a suitable place to breed: is carried out using hydrogen peroxide；20,000 are applied per acre
Gram, it is watered the full pool and splashes；2. pond intakes: after pond disinfection 5 days, 5 days before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, with the sleeve-like the screen to filtrate of 40 mesh
Water inlet 0.5m~0.6m, is added catalase, 100g is added per acre；3. complex micro organism fungicide is added, dosage is 3~4kg/
Mu；
(3) shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed: pond depth of water 0.6m~0.7m, and 20 DEG C of water temperature or so carry out putting seedling；First batch puts seedling in early March,
100,000 tail per acre；Seedling is put for the second time in late July, per acre 100,000 tail；
(4) feeding management: day feeding rate is the 1%~2% of shrimp weight；Seedling stage dietary protein level 45%~50%, fat
Content 3~5%；Dietary protein level 40~45% after the long 5cm of shrimp body, fat content 4~6%；
(5) water quality management: change within 20~25 days that water is primary, and each quantity of exchanged water meets breeding water body to be lauched in 0.1~0.12m
Matter index: transparency 0.35m~0.4m, pH value 7.5~9.0, dissolved oxygen 6mg/L or more, ammonia nitrogen 0.2mg/L is hereinafter, nitrous acid
Salt 0.05~0.08mg/L, sulfide 0.05mg/L or less.
2. a kind of according to claim 1, the warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, it is characterised in that step
(2) vigor of the catalase is 10000u/mL.
3. a kind of according to claim 1, the warm canopy efficient circulation cultural method of Penaeus Vannmei, it is characterised in that step
(2) complex micro organism fungicide is grouped as by each group of following mass percent: bacillus subtilis 20%~30% coagulates
Bacillus 30%~50%, bacillus licheniformis 20%~40% are tied, and complex micro organism fungicide activating solution is made, uniformly
It is sprayed in pond.
4. microbial bacterial agent activating solution according to claim 3: being grouped as by each group of following mass percent: glucose
1%~3%, urea 6%~10%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2%~5%, water 70%~95%；By combined fermentation microbial inoculum in 30 DEG C of work
Change in liquid and activates 30min.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110278898A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-09-27 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | A kind of method of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN111837843A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 海南神农科技股份有限公司 | Rice and shrimp ecological co-culture method with stable water quality and low plant diseases and insect pests |
| CN112273297A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-29 | 天津蕴华农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for breeding penaeus vannamei boone |
| CN117016459A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-11-10 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali land litopenaeus vannamei breeding method |
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