CN110278898A - A kind of method of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei - Google Patents
A kind of method of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Ca+2].Cl[O-].Cl[O-] ZKQDCIXGCQPQNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010016717 Fistula Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010047400 Vibrio infections Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N aldehydo-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@@H](C=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBLBDJOUHNCFQT-LXGUWJNJSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003890 fistula Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000133262 Nauplius Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei, the method successively includes that pond prepares, cleans up the pond, rich water, water inlet, fertilising, detaining greenhouse, put seedling, nursing and receive shrimp；It is characterized in that；The pond prepares specific as follows: the first step, addressing are tested before addressing, it is desirable that measurement salinity > 0.5 ‰, calcium ion > 80mg/L, magnesium ion > 150mg/L；Second step, pond construction, 100 ~ 500 mu of area of rectangle pond, 1.5 ~ 1.8 meters of length-width ratio 1 ~ 2:2 ~ 3, Chi Shen, 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters of maximum water-storage depth；The bottom of pond gradient, which can flow automatically, drains water, the drainage system and water inlet system of farm are provided separately respectively, in rectangle pond, proportionally 30 ~ 50:1 builds a little pond to the dyke of water inlet this side, the bottom of little pond is higher than rectangle pond to be not less than 30cm, it is equipped with aerator, the invention proposes a kind of methods of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei, can be suitable for salt-soda soil and cultivate litopenaeus vannamei, can develop and apply to salt-soda soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prawn culturing methods, and in particular to a kind of side of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei
Method belongs to salt-soda soil shrimp raising technology field.
Background technique
China is litopenaeus vannamei cultivation big country, starts within 1999 an important species as China's prawn culturing,
Southern three provinces rapidly develop, and have become the feeding shrimp kind of national popularity, yield account for the first so far；In production high speed development
Meanwhile there are the serious problems such as irregular seedling quality, carrying virus and slow growth, directly threat China's vannamei boone pair
The sustainable development of shrimp aquaculture industry；Since 2017, the cultivation of several provinces such as southern Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu
Success rate drastically reduces, total output quickly fallen to from 2012 120 ~ 1,500,000 tons 2017 more than 50 ten thousand tons, be restored within 2018
More than 60 ten thousand tons；From 2010, hinterland such as the Boxing in registration Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Henan, Heze City, Shandong Province, Binzhou successively
The success of Penaeus Vannmei is cultivated, but due to cultural method etc., cultured area is not pushed open rapidly；The face in whole world salt-soda soil
Product is 9.5438 hundred million hectares, and wherein China is 99,130,000 hectares, is far longer than 130,000 hectares of national seawater aquaculturing pond area；Such as
Fruit can find the aquaculture model of suitable salt-soda soil special ecosystem, to litopenaeus vannamei total output is improved, provide for compatriots
High-quality protein has particularly important meaning；Salt-soda soil plant is difficult to survive, and needs to be developed and used；Work as using process in salt-soda soil
In, briefly, light salt-soda soil, moderate saline-alkali soil and heavy saline can be divided into；Light salt-soda soil refer to its salt content 3 ‰ with
Under；Heavy saline refers to that its salt content is more than 6 ‰；This intermediate block is exactly moderate saline-alkali soil, is indicated with pH value are as follows: slight saline and alkaline
Ground pH value are as follows: 7.1-8.5, moderate saline-alkali soil pH value are 8.5-9.5, and heavy salinized ground pH value is 9.5 or more；Salt-soda soil is saline land
With the general name on alkali ground；Chloride or the higher salinization soil of sulfate are saline land referred mainly to, soil is in alkalinity, but pH value is different
It is fixed very high；Refer to alkali carbonate containing or the phosphatic soil of weight, pH value is higher, and soil is in alkalinity；In the prior art, for salt
Alkali not yet than better suited prawn culturing method.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the invention proposes a kind of method of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei, Neng Goushi
Litopenaeus vannamei is cultivated for salt-soda soil, can be developed and applied to salt-soda soil.
The method of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei of the invention, the method successively include pond prepare, clean up the pond,
Rich water, fertilising, detains greenhouse, puts seedling, nursing and receives shrimp at water inlet；The pond prepares specific as follows:
The first step, addressing, cultivation site be selected in water flowing, energization, traffic convenience, it is pollution-free, have abundant water resources, into draining convenient salt
Alkali area；It is tested before addressing, specifically: one 1 meter × 1 meter × 1.5 meters are dug in the salt-soda soil that future is used as cultivation
Heatable adobe sleeping platform introduces the water source for being used as cultivation, impregnates 3 ~ 7 days, it is desirable that measurement salinity > 0.5 ‰, calcium ion > 80mg/L, magnesium ion >
150mg/L；
Second step, pond construction, 100 ~ 500 mu of area of rectangle pond, 1.5 ~ 1.8 meters of length-width ratio 1 ~ 2:2 ~ 3, Chi Shen, most
Big 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters of water-storage depth；The bottom of pond gradient, which can flow automatically, drains water, and the drainage system and water inlet system of farm separate respectively
Setting, in rectangle pond, proportionally 30 ~ 50:1 builds a little pond, the bottom ratio of little pond to the dyke of water inlet this side
Rectangle pond height is not less than 30cm, and the water level of little pond is arranged at 1.5 meters or so, is equipped with aerator, little pond and aquaculture pond
Gate net is arranged between the pool to be used to arrange to change water, crosses seedling, buckles vinyl house above early spring little pond；The water inlet of rectangle pond
Afterwards, test constantly water body index.
Further, it is described clean up the pond it is specific as follows: in little pond and rectangle pond intake 30 centimetres, submerge pool bottom,
The aquatic animals such as wild fishes are killed with 20 grams/m3 of tea bran, with 15 grams/m of bleaching powder3Or 1 gram/m of chlorine dioxide3Equal sterilization pools
Pool bed mud kills germ, avoids prawn from infecting germ, causes disease；The rich water is specific as follows, bottom of pond activation: cleans up the pond 1 week
Afterwards, medicine property of medicine to be cleaned up the pond disappears, and keeps 20~30 centimetres of water immersion pools bottom, activates pool bottom with microorganism formulation, pool bottom is had
Machine object is completely decomposed into as beneficial nutrient；The water inlet is specific as follows, pond bottom handle well after with 40~60 mesh
The screen to filtrate is intake to 0.5 meter of the depth of water or so, is met rich water and is put slender part；The fertilising is specific as follows, selects fine day
Gas is added water and stirred uniformly using rich water agent, and the full pool is splashed, and carries out rich water；Base manure dosage is sufficient, and the principle of top dressing is a small amount of more
It is secondary, dense by light turn；In conjunction with microorganism formulation fermentation prawn mixed feed rich water, the zooplankters such as culture wheel animalcule are as shrimp seedling early period
Nutrition, fermentation fertilizer with 50 grams/acre of 250 grams/acre+saccharomycete of bacillus subtilis 250 grams/acre+prawn mixed feed+
50 milliliter/mu of EM bacterium adds 1 kilogram of clear water to stir evenly, and being sealed by fermentation can add the full pool of water to splash in 3 days, and every 3 days with one
It is secondary, it is used continuously 5 times；It is appropriate to open aerator oxygenation when using microorganism formulation；Common water colour is with yellowish-brown, yellowish green
Color be it is best, 30 centimetres of transparency, in water zooplankter breeding get up after be ready for throw seedling cultivation；The button greenhouse is specific
It is as follows: when pond, water temperature reaches 23 DEG C or more, to start to put seedling in little pond, the salinity of little pond water is adjusted to He Miaochang and connects
Closely, seedling reaches 1.0 ~ 1.2cm or so, detects by every virus, vibrios, intestines Bile fistula and emergency is tested, litopenaeus vannamei
The water quality indicator of optimum growth is 25~30 DEG C of water temperature, and pH value 7.6~8.8,40~50 centimetres of transparency, ammonia nitrogen is lower than
0.2 mg/litre, nitrite are lower than 0.1 mg/litre, 80~120 mg/litre of total alkalinity；Described to put seedling specific as follows: day
Gas is sunny, and when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, greenhouse wants ventilating convection 2 ~ 4 hours daily, puts seedling second day and starts to feed mixed feed, the
Start within three days to be extracted into the adjusting that little pond carries out salinity with the water in big pond with water pump, 10 ~ 20cm of intaking daily, water level control exists
Between 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, extra water is discharged to big pond, cultivates 20 days or so, and 25 DEG C of water temperature stability or more of big pond, size pond
Pool saline and alkaline is identical, and seedling grows into 3 ~ 4cm, so that it may the shrimp seedling of little pond be flowed to big pond, in order to avoid drop large prawn
It damages, can first reduce the water level of little pond caused by seedling, so that the water-head on gate net both sides is in 40 ~ 50cm or so, then
Gate net is pulled open, when crossing seedling, little pond first can be stopped into material one day, it, can be big in the outside of gate net after gate net is opened
A little feed is thrown in pond on one side, can accelerate the speed that shrimp seedling swims over to big pond in this way；The nursing is specific as follows: shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
Afterwards, starting to feed opening material, 0# material, every 100,000 tail shrimp seedling feeds about 500 grams of feeds daily, and 2 ~ 3 are fed daily eats, every 2 ~ 3 days
The feeding volume for increasing by 20%, until shrimp upper bait table material feeding；Prawn is normally after upper bait table material feeding, start to feed 1#,
2#, 3# material feed 3 meal daily, and 2% or so of each feeding volume, which stays, is placed on bait table, to test the reasonable feeding volume of prawn；It feeds
Principle, shrimp, which feeds intake, wants foot, and Prawn, which feeds intake, to be controlled, and prawn, which feeds intake, to be reduced；Material 100% on material platform is eaten up, and indicates bait
Not enough, it can increase by 1.0% ~ 1.5% material；According to weather, water quality, prawn growing state, appropriate adjustment daily ration, feeding quantity；In shrimp shell
Time, rainy weather, temperature are more than 35 DEG C, answer material reducing or stop expecting；The receipts shrimp is specific as follows: starting from late June according to client
The requirement for buying shrimp specification starts to receive shrimp using respective wire purpose trap or cage, receives shrimp until by the end of October ~ November
Just, water temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, and receiving shrimp terminates.
Further, the pool of farm is arranged in the pool bottom high position side of water inlet system setting farm, drainage system
Bottom low level side.
Further, the microorganism formulation includes one of photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacterium or bacillus subtilis or more
Kind.
The present invention compared with prior art, the method for suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei of the invention, first by river
Stream or the water in lake introduce little pond, and are transitioned into big pond by little pond water inlet；So as to improve little pond environment, and
Later period introduces little pond by the water of cultivating pool, keeps little pond and culture-pool water quality almost the same, finally puts shrimp seedling
Support big pond；It can be suitable for salt-soda soil and cultivate litopenaeus vannamei, can develop and apply to salt-soda soil.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The method of cultivation litopenaeus vannamei in suitable salt-soda soil of the invention, the method successively include that pond prepares, cleans up the pond, is fertile
Water, fertilising, detains greenhouse, puts seedling, nursing and receives shrimp at water inlet；The pond prepares specific as follows:
The first step, addressing, cultivation site be selected in water flowing, energization, traffic convenience, it is pollution-free, have abundant water resources, into draining convenient salt
Alkali area；It is tested before addressing, specifically: one 1 meter × 1 meter × 1.5 meters are dug in the salt-soda soil that future is used as cultivation
Heatable adobe sleeping platform introduces the water source for being used as cultivation, impregnates 3 ~ 7 days, it is desirable that measurement salinity > 0.5 ‰, calcium ion > 80mg/L, magnesium ion >
150mg/L；
Second step, pond construction, 100 ~ 500 mu of area of rectangle pond, 1.5 ~ 1.8 meters of length-width ratio 1 ~ 2:2 ~ 3, Chi Shen, most
Big 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters of water-storage depth；The bottom of pond gradient, which can flow automatically, drains water, and the drainage system and water inlet system of farm separate respectively
Setting, in rectangle pond, proportionally 30 ~ 50:1 builds a little pond, the bottom ratio of little pond to the dyke of water inlet this side
Rectangle pond height is not less than 30cm, and the water level of little pond is arranged at 1.5 meters or so, is equipped with aerator, little pond and aquaculture pond
Gate net is arranged between the pool to be used to arrange to change water, crosses seedling, buckles vinyl house above early spring little pond；The water inlet of rectangle pond
Afterwards, test constantly water body index.
Further, it is described clean up the pond it is specific as follows: in little pond and rectangle pond intake 30 centimetres, submerge pool bottom,
The aquatic animals such as wild fishes are killed with 20 grams/m3 of tea bran, with 15 grams/m of bleaching powder3Or 1 gram/m of chlorine dioxide3Equal sterilization pools
Pool bed mud kills germ, avoids prawn from infecting germ, causes disease；The rich water is specific as follows, bottom of pond activation: cleans up the pond 1 week
Afterwards, medicine property of medicine to be cleaned up the pond disappears, and keeps 20~30 centimetres of water immersion pools bottom, activates pool bottom with microorganism formulation, pool bottom is had
Machine object is completely decomposed into as beneficial nutrient；The water inlet is specific as follows, pond bottom handle well after with 40~60 mesh
The screen to filtrate is intake to 0.5 meter of the depth of water or so, is met rich water and is put slender part；The fertilising is specific as follows, selects fine day
Gas is added water and stirred uniformly using rich water agent, and the full pool is splashed, and carries out rich water；Base manure dosage is sufficient, and the principle of top dressing is a small amount of more
It is secondary, dense by light turn；In conjunction with microorganism formulation fermentation prawn mixed feed rich water, the zooplankters such as culture wheel animalcule are as shrimp seedling early period
Nutrition, fermentation fertilizer with 50 grams/acre of 250 grams/acre+saccharomycete of bacillus subtilis 250 grams/acre+prawn mixed feed+
50 milliliter/mu of EM bacterium adds 1 kilogram of clear water to stir evenly, and being sealed by fermentation can add the full pool of water to splash in 3 days, and every 3 days with one
It is secondary, it is used continuously 5 times；It is appropriate to open aerator oxygenation when using microorganism formulation；Common water colour is with yellowish-brown, yellowish green
Color be it is best, 30 centimetres of transparency, in water zooplankter breeding get up after be ready for throw seedling cultivation；The button greenhouse is specific
It is as follows: when pond, water temperature reaches 23 DEG C or more, to start to put seedling in little pond, the salinity of little pond water is adjusted to He Miaochang and connects
Closely, seedling reaches 1.0 ~ 1.2cm or so, detects by every virus, vibrios, intestines Bile fistula and emergency is tested, litopenaeus vannamei
The water quality indicator of optimum growth is 25~30 DEG C of water temperature, and pH value 7.6~8.8,40~50 centimetres of transparency, ammonia nitrogen is lower than
0.2 mg/litre, nitrite are lower than 0.1 mg/litre, 80~120 mg/litre of total alkalinity；Described to put seedling specific as follows: day
Gas is sunny, and when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, greenhouse wants ventilating convection 2 ~ 4 hours daily, puts seedling second day and starts to feed mixed feed, the
Start within three days to be extracted into the adjusting that little pond carries out salinity with the water in big pond with water pump, 10 ~ 20cm of intaking daily, water level control exists
Between 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, extra water is discharged to big pond, cultivates 20 days or so, and 25 DEG C of water temperature stability or more of big pond, size pond
Pool saline and alkaline is identical, and seedling grows into 3 ~ 4cm, so that it may the shrimp seedling of little pond be flowed to big pond, in order to avoid drop large prawn
It damages, can first reduce the water level of little pond caused by seedling, so that the water-head on gate net both sides is in 40 ~ 50cm or so, then
Gate net is pulled open, when crossing seedling, little pond first can be stopped into material one day, it, can be big in the outside of gate net after gate net is opened
A little feed is thrown in pond on one side, can accelerate the speed that shrimp seedling swims over to big pond in this way；The nursing is specific as follows: shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
Afterwards, starting to feed opening material, 0# material, every 100,000 tail shrimp seedling feeds about 500 grams of feeds daily, and 2 ~ 3 are fed daily eats, every 2 ~ 3 days
The feeding volume for increasing by 20%, until shrimp upper bait table material feeding；Prawn is normally after upper bait table material feeding, start to feed 1#,
2#, 3# material feed 3 meal daily, and 2% or so of each feeding volume, which stays, is placed on bait table, to test the reasonable feeding volume of prawn；It feeds
Principle, shrimp, which feeds intake, wants foot, and Prawn, which feeds intake, to be controlled, and prawn, which feeds intake, to be reduced；Material 100% on material platform is eaten up, and indicates bait
Not enough, it can increase by 1.0% ~ 1.5% material；According to weather, water quality, prawn growing state, appropriate adjustment daily ration, feeding quantity；In shrimp shell
Time, rainy weather, temperature are more than 35 DEG C, answer material reducing or stop expecting；The receipts shrimp is specific as follows: starting from late June according to client
The requirement for buying shrimp specification starts to receive shrimp using respective wire purpose trap or cage, receives shrimp until by the end of October ~ November
Just, water temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, and receiving shrimp terminates.
Wherein, the pool bottom high position side of water inlet system setting farm, the pool bottom that farm is arranged in drainage system are low
Position side；The microorganism formulation includes one of photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacterium or bacillus subtilis or a variety of.
Wherein, described to be inoculated with the dusk that its inoculation time is high water temperature, be conducive to nauplius and rejuvenate.
Above-described embodiment is only better embodiment of the invention, therefore all according to structure described in present patent application range
It makes, the equivalent change or modification that feature and principle are done, is included in the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei, the method successively include pond prepare, clean up the pond, rich water,
It intakes, apply fertilizer, detaining greenhouse, put seedling, nursing and receive shrimp；It is characterized in that；The pond prepares specific as follows:
The first step, addressing, cultivation site be selected in water flowing, energization, traffic convenience, it is pollution-free, have abundant water resources, into draining convenient salt
Alkali area；It is tested before addressing, specifically: one 1 meter × 1 meter × 1.5 meters are dug in the salt-soda soil that future is used as cultivation
Heatable adobe sleeping platform introduces the water source for being used as cultivation, impregnates 3 ~ 7 days, it is desirable that measurement salinity > 0.5 ‰, calcium ion > 80mg/L, magnesium ion >
150mg/L；
Second step, pond construction, 100 ~ 500 mu of area of rectangle pond, 1.5 ~ 1.8 meters of length-width ratio 1 ~ 2:2 ~ 3, Chi Shen, most
Big 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters of water-storage depth；The bottom of pond gradient, which can flow automatically, drains water, and the drainage system and water inlet system of farm separate respectively
Setting, in rectangle pond, proportionally 30 ~ 50:1 builds a little pond, the bottom ratio of little pond to the dyke of water inlet this side
Rectangle pond height is not less than 30cm, and the water level of little pond is arranged at 1.5 meters or so, is equipped with aerator, little pond and aquaculture pond
Gate net is arranged between the pool to be used to arrange to change water, crosses seedling, buckles vinyl house above early spring little pond；The water inlet of rectangle pond
Afterwards, test constantly water body index.
2. the method for suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tool of cleaning up the pond
Body is as follows: intaking 30 centimetres in little pond and rectangle pond, submerges pool bottom, kills wild fishes etc. with 20 grams/m3 of tea bran
Aquatic animal, with 15 grams/m of bleaching powder3Or 1 gram/m of chlorine dioxide3Deng disinfection sediment of pond, germ is killed, avoids prawn sense
Catch an illness bacterium, causes disease；The rich water is specific as follows, bottom of pond activation: after cleaning up the pond 1 week, medicine property of medicine to be cleaned up the pond disappears, and keeps
20~30 centimetres of water immersion pools bottom activates pool bottom with microorganism formulation, pool bottom organic matter is completely decomposed into as beneficial nutrition
Element；The water inlet is specific as follows, pond bottom handle well after with 40~60 mesh screen filtered water inlets to 0.5 meter of left side of the depth of water
The right side meets rich water and puts slender part；The fertilising is specific as follows, selects fair weather, is added water and stirred uniformly, entirely using rich water agent
The pool is splashed, and rich water is carried out；Base manure dosage is sufficient, and the principle of top dressing is a small amount of multiple, dense by light turn；It ferments in conjunction with microorganism formulation
Prawn mixed feed rich water, culture wheel animalcule etc. zooplankters are as shrimp seedling nutrition early period, and fermentation fertilizer is with bacillus subtilis 250
Gram/acre+250 grams/acre+saccharomycete of prawn mixed feed, 50 grams/acre of 50 milliliters/mu of+EM bacterium, add 1 kilogram of clear water to stir
It mixes uniformly, being sealed by fermentation can add the full pool of water to splash in 3 days, with primary, be used continuously 5 times within every 3 days；Use microorganism
It is appropriate to open aerator oxygenation when preparation；Common water colour with yellowish-brown, yellow green be it is best, 30 centimetres of transparency, floated in water
Trip animal reproduction is ready for throwing seedling cultivation after getting up；The button greenhouse is specific as follows: when pond, water temperature reaches 23 DEG C or more,
Start to put seedling in little pond, the salinity of little pond water is adjusted to close with seedling field, and seedling reaches 1.0 ~ 1.2cm or so, by items
Virus, vibrios, the detection of intestines Bile fistula and emergency test, the water quality indicator of litopenaeus vannamei optimum growth is water temperature 25~30
DEG C, pH value 7.6~8.8,40~50 centimetres of transparency, ammonia nitrogen be lower than 0.2 mg/litre, nitrite lower than 0.1 milligram/
It rises, 80~120 mg/litre of total alkalinity；Described to put seedling specific as follows: fine, when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C, greenhouse will divulge information pair
It puts daily and starts within seedling second day to feed mixed feed, third day starts to be extracted into little Chi with water pump with the water in big pond within stream 2 ~ 4 hours
The pool carries out the adjusting of salinity, and 10 ~ 20cm of intaking daily, for water level control between 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, extra water is discharged to big pond,
Cultivation 20 days or so, 25 DEG C of water temperature stability or more of big pond, big little pond saline and alkaline is identical, and seedling grows into 3 ~ 4cm, so that it may
The shrimp seedling of little pond is flowed to big pond, it, can be first by the water level of little pond in order to avoid being damaged caused by drop large prawn seedling
It reduces, so that the water-head on gate net both sides is pulled open in 40 ~ 50cm or so, then gate net, it, can be first by little pond when crossing seedling
Stop material one day, after gate net is opened, a little feed can be thrown on one side in the big pond in the outside of gate net, shrimp seedling can be accelerated in this way
Swim over to the speed in big pond；The nursing is specific as follows: after shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed, starting to feed opening material, 0# material, every 100,000 tail shrimp seedling
About 500 grams of feeds are fed daily, 2 ~ 3 meal is fed daily, increases within every 2 ~ 3 days by 20% feeding volume, until the upper bait table material feeding of shrimp
Until；Prawn normally after upper bait table material feeding, starts to feed 1#, 2#, 3# material, feeds 3 meal daily, 2% or so of each feeding volume stays
It is placed on bait table, to test the reasonable feeding volume of prawn；Principle is fed, shrimp, which feeds intake, wants foot, and Prawn, which feeds intake, to be controlled, and prawn is thrown
Material will be reduced；Material 100% on material platform is eaten up, and is indicated that bait is inadequate, can be increased by 1.0% ~ 1.5% material；According to day gas and water
Matter, prawn growing state, appropriate adjustment daily ration, feeding quantity；It is more than 35 DEG C in shrimp shell time, rainy weather, temperature, answers material reducing or stop
Material；The receipts shrimp is specific as follows: starting the requirement for buying shrimp specification according to client from late June, uses respective wire purpose trap
Or cage starts to receive shrimp, receives shrimp until water temperature is lower than 15 DEG C at the beginning of by the end of October ~ 11 month, receiving shrimp terminates.
3. the method for suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the water inlet system
The pool bottom low level side of farm is arranged in the pool bottom high position side of system setting farm, drainage system.
4. the method for suitable salt-soda soil cultivation litopenaeus vannamei according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the microorganism
Preparation includes one of photosynthetic bacteria, EM bacterium or bacillus subtilis or a variety of.
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| CN111357693A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-03 | 海南大学 | A kind of ecological culture method suitable for brackish water culture of red crayfish |
| CN112772497A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-11 | 汇泰渤海水产有限责任公司 | Processing method of organic quick-frozen shrimps |
| CN113317249A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-31 | 渤海水产育种(海南)有限公司 | Breeding method for reducing diseases of seed shrimps |
| CN113317246A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-08-31 | 渤海水产育苗(山东)有限公司 | Grading culture method for salt pan shrimps |
| CN113973758A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-01-28 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | An effective method for preventing and treating EHP in shrimp culture in salt fields |
| CN113973755A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-01-28 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Disease comprehensive prevention and control method for pollution-free prawn culture |
| CN113994907A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-01 | 渤海水产科技(滨州)有限公司 | Method for breeding large-size salt pan shrimps |
| CN114081006A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-25 | 汇泰渤海水产有限责任公司 | Comprehensive disease prevention and control method for salt pan shrimp culture |
| CN114081005A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-25 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Construction method of ecosystem for salt pan shrimp culture |
| CN114097674A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-03-01 | 渤海水产科技(滨州)有限公司 | Method for effectively preventing and controlling EMS (energy management system) in salt pan shrimp culture |
| CN117016459A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-11-10 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali land litopenaeus vannamei breeding method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111357693A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-03 | 海南大学 | A kind of ecological culture method suitable for brackish water culture of red crayfish |
| CN113317246A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-08-31 | 渤海水产育苗(山东)有限公司 | Grading culture method for salt pan shrimps |
| CN113973758A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-01-28 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | An effective method for preventing and treating EHP in shrimp culture in salt fields |
| CN113973755A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-01-28 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Disease comprehensive prevention and control method for pollution-free prawn culture |
| CN113994907A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-01 | 渤海水产科技(滨州)有限公司 | Method for breeding large-size salt pan shrimps |
| CN114081006A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-25 | 汇泰渤海水产有限责任公司 | Comprehensive disease prevention and control method for salt pan shrimp culture |
| CN114081005A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-25 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Construction method of ecosystem for salt pan shrimp culture |
| CN114097674A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-03-01 | 渤海水产科技(滨州)有限公司 | Method for effectively preventing and controlling EMS (energy management system) in salt pan shrimp culture |
| CN112772497A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-11 | 汇泰渤海水产有限责任公司 | Processing method of organic quick-frozen shrimps |
| CN113317249A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-08-31 | 渤海水产育种(海南)有限公司 | Breeding method for reducing diseases of seed shrimps |
| CN117016459A (en) * | 2023-09-05 | 2023-11-10 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Saline-alkali land litopenaeus vannamei breeding method |
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